Strophic form
Strophic 形式

Strophic form – also called verse-repeating form, chorus form, AAA song form, or one-part song form – is a song structure in which all verses or stanzas of the text are sung to the same music.^[1] Contrasting song forms include through-composed, with new music written for every stanza,^[1] and ternary form, with a contrasting central section.
Strophic 形式 – 也稱為詩句重複形式、合唱形式、AAA 歌曲形式或單部分歌曲形式 – 是一種歌曲結構，其中文本的所有詩句或節都以相同的音樂演唱。^[1]對比鮮明的歌曲形式包括貫穿創作的歌曲，每節都寫新的音樂，^[1] 和三元形式，中間部分形成對比。

The term is derived from the Greek word στροφή, strophē, meaning "turn". It is the simplest and most durable of musical forms, extending a piece of music by repetition of a single formal section. This may be analyzed as "A A A...". This additive method is the musical analogue of repeated stanzas in poetry or lyrics and, in fact, where the text repeats the same rhyme scheme from one stanza to the next, the song's structure also often uses either the same or very similar material from one stanza to the next.
該術語源自希臘語 στροφή， strophē，意思是“轉”。它是最簡單、最持久的音樂形式，通過重複單個正式的部分來擴展一段音樂。這可以分析為 「A A A...“。這種加法方法是詩歌或歌詞中重複詩節的音樂類比，事實上，當文本從一節到另一節重複相同的押韻方案時，歌曲的結構也經常從一個節到下一個節使用相同或非常相似的材料。

A modified strophic form varies the pattern in some stanzas (A A' A"...) somewhat like a rudimentary theme and variations. Contrasting verse-chorus form is a binary form that alternates between two sections of music (ABAB), although this may also be interpreted as constituting a larger strophic verse-refrain form. While the terms 'refrain' and 'chorus' are often used interchangeably, 'refrain' may indicate a recurring line of identical melody and lyrics as a part of the verse (as in "Blowin' in the Wind": "...the answer my friend..."), while 'chorus' means an independent form section (as in "Yellow Submarine": "We all live in...").^[2]
修改後的 strophic 形式改變了某些詩節 （A A' A“...） 的模式，有點像基本的主題和變奏。對比詩歌-合唱形式是一種在音樂的兩個部分 （ABAB） 之間交替的二元形式，儘管這也可以被解釋為構成一個更大的 strophic 詩歌-副歌形式。雖然「副歌」和「合唱」這兩個詞經常互換使用，但「副歌」可能表示作為詩句一部分的相同旋律和歌詞的重複行（如“Blowin' in the Wind”：“......答案，我的朋友......“），而”合唱“是指一個獨立的形式部分（如”黃色潛水艇“：”我們都生活在......“）。^[2]

Many folk and popular songs are strophic in form, including the twelve-bar blues, ballads, hymns and chants. Examples include "Barbara Allen", "Erie Canal", "Michael, Row the Boat Ashore",^[3] and "Oh! Susanna" (A = verse & chorus).^[4] Traditional and modern Country songs like "This land is your land" is also a strophic form.
許多民歌和流行歌曲都是 strophic 形式，包括 12 小節藍調、民謠、讚美詩和聖歌。例子包括「芭芭拉·艾倫」、「伊利運河」、「邁克爾，划船上岸」，^[3]和「哦！蘇珊娜“（A = 詩歌和副歌）。^[4]像“This land is your land”這樣的傳統和現代鄉村歌曲也是一種 strophic 形式。

Many classical art songs are also composed in strophic form, from the 17th century French air de cour to 19th century German lieder and beyond. Haydn used the strophic variation form in many of his string quartets and a few of his symphonies, employed almost always in the slow second movement. Franz Schubert composed many important strophic lieder, including settings of both narrative poems and simpler, folk-like texts, such as his "Heidenröslein" and "Der Fischer".^[1] Several of the songs in his song cycle Die schöne Müllerin use strophic form.
許多古典藝術歌曲也以 strophic 形式創作，從 17 世紀的法國 air de cour 到 19 世紀的德國 lider 等等。海頓在他的許多弦樂四重奏和一些交響曲中使用了 strophic 變奏形式，幾乎總是在緩慢的第二樂章中使用。弗朗茨·舒伯特 （Franz Schubert） 創作了許多重要的 strophic 抒情詩，包括敘事詩和更簡單的民間文本，例如他的“Heidenröslein”和“Der Fischer”。^[1]他的歌曲集Die schöne Müllerin 中的幾首歌曲使用了 strophic 形式。