Guide for authors 作者指南
- Your Paper Your Way 您的纸张您做主
- Introduction 导言
- Before you begin 开始之前
- Ethics in publishing 出版伦理
- Declaration of competing interest
利益冲突声明 - Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing
科学写作中的生成式人工智能宣言 - Submission declaration and verification
提交申报和核查 - Preprint posting on SSRN 在 SSRN 上发布预印本
- Use of inclusive language
使用包容性语言 - Reporting sex- and gender-based analyses
报告基于性和性别的分析 - Author contributions 作者供稿
- Changes to authorship 作者身份的变更
- Copyright 版权
- Role of the funding source
资金来源的作用 - Open access 开放存取
- Language and language services
语言和语言服务 - Submission 提交
- Submit your article 提交您的文章
- Referees 裁判员
- Additional information 其他信息
- Preparation 准备工作
- Queries 查询
- New submissions 新提交
- Peer review 同行评审
- Revised submissions 经修订的呈件
- Article structure 文章结构
- Results/Discussion 结果/讨论
- Essential title page information
扉页基本信息 - Highlights 亮点
- Abstract 摘要
- Keywords 关键词
- Units 单位
- Artwork 作品
- References 参考资料
- Citation in text 文中引用
- Reference style 参考样式
- Video 视频
- Data visualization 数据可视化
- Supplementary material 补充材料
- Research data 研究数据
- Research Elements 研究要素
- After acceptance 接受后
- Author inquiries 作者查询
您的纸张您做主
We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions. You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.
我们现在对新稿件和修订稿件的要求有所区别。您可以选择以单一 Word 或 PDF 文件格式提交稿件，以便在审稿过程中使用。
Only when your paper is at the revision stage, will you be requested to put your paper in to a 'correct format' for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.
只有当您的论文处于修改阶段时，您才会被要求将您的论文以 "正确格式 "录用，并提供文章发表所需的项目。
To find out more, please visit the Preparation section below.
要了解更多信息，请访问下面的准备工作部分。
Introduction 导言
Scope of the EES journal
教育电子期刊的范围
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety is a multi-disciplinary journal that focuses on understanding the exposure and effects of environmental contamination on organisms including human health. The scope of the journal covers (but are not limited to) three main themes.
生态毒理学与环境安全》是一本多学科期刊，侧重于了解环境污染对生物（包括人类健康）的影响。期刊范围涵盖（但不限于）三个主要专题。
The topics within these themes are indicated below:
这些主题中的专题如下所示：
Ecotoxicology 生态毒理学
- Aquatic and terrestrial ecotoxicology of organisms including microbes, invertebrates, vertebrate animals and plants. Also, mesocosm or field studies informing on fate and effects.
水生和陆生生物生态毒理学，包括微生物、无脊椎动物、脊椎动物和植物。此外，中观或实地研究也有助于了解最终结果和影响。 - Effects of emerging pollutants on plants or animals.
新出现的污染物对植物或动物的影响。 - Rhizospheric chemistry (speciation, translocations, transformation, absorption etc.) of trace pollutants in the plants.
植物根瘤层中痕量污染物的化学性质（种类、迁移、转化、吸收等）。 - Techniques for producing safe food from contaminated soils and waters.
从受污染的土壤和水域中生产安全食品的技术。 - Mechanistic studies relating exposure, bioavailability and effects.
有关接触、生物利用率和影响的机制研究。 - Molecular to whole organism studies, including animal behaviour and population effects.
从分子到整个生物体的研究，包括动物行为和种群效应。 - Methods in ecotoxicology that address modes of action including omics, systems biology, quantitative measurements in living cells/tissues, biomarkers, histopathology, ecophysiology.
生态毒理学中涉及作用模式的方法，包括海洋学、系统生物学、活细胞/组织定量测量、生物标记、组织病理学、生态生理学。
Environmental Chemistry 环境化学
- Soil, sediment and water chemistry that explains the fate, behaviour, sinks and effects of toxic substances such as metals, industrial and agrochemicals, nanomaterials, plastics and emerging contaminants.
土壤、沉积物和水化学，解释有毒物质（如金属、工业和农用化学品、纳米材料、塑料和新出现的污染物）的归宿、行为、汇和影响。 - Mechanistic studies that identify source apportionment, spatial or temporal distribution of toxic substances, chemical speciation, persistence and transformations in the environment.
机制研究，确定有毒物质的来源分配、空间或时间分布、化学物质的种类、在环境中的持久性和转化。 - Mixtures effects and interaction with environmental factors such as pH, organic matter, temperature and salinity.
混合物效应以及与 pH 值、有机物、温度和盐度等环境因素的相互作用。 - Mechanistic studies on remediation of wastewater and sludge, on biosorbants, biochars, green chemistry, chemical sensors and biosensor technology.
废水和污泥修复机理研究、生物吸附剂、生物炭、绿色化学、化学传感器和生物传感技术。 - Carbon and nitrogen sequestration to maintain greenhouse gases emissions to improve atmospheric quality.
固碳和固氮，以保持温室气体排放，改善大气质量。
Environmental Safety 环境安全
- Epidemiological studies linking environmental contamination to human health effects.
将环境污染与人类健康影响联系起来的流行病学研究。 - Studies to understand the role of climate as a stress factor with pollution and its combined effect on environment or human health.
开展研究，以了解气候作为污染压力因素的作用及其对环境或人类健康的综合影响。 - Molecular mechanism-based environmental toxicological studies using cell or animal models to evaluate hazards of air pollution, groundwater and drinking water contaminations, and environmental health and safety impacts from persistent toxic substances in the environment and food chain.
利用细胞或动物模型进行基于分子机制的环境毒理学研究，以评估空气污染、地下水和饮用水污染的危害，以及环境和食物链中持久性有毒物质对环境健康和安全的影响。 - Mechanistic elucidation of detrimental effects upon exposure to various contaminants at cellular and molecular levels and novel method development for ecotoxicological and environmental toxicological research.
从细胞和分子水平阐明接触各种污染物后产生的有害影响，并为生态毒理学和环境毒理学研究开发新的方法。 - Evaluation of exposure, toxicity, and environmental risk using computational methods, such as big data, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and quantitative structure toxicity relationship modeling.
利用大数据、人工智能、机器学习和定量结构毒性关系建模等计算方法，评估暴露、毒性和环境风险。
The journal publishes regular research articles. Regular research articles must not exceed 8,000 words. Word limit here is for text only. In principle the number of tables and figures should not collectively exceed seven. Any exceptions should require approval from editors.
本刊定期发表研究文章。常规研究文章不得超过 8000 字。此处的字数限制仅限于正文。图表数量原则上不超过七张。如有特殊情况，须经编辑批准。
Review articles are welcome, but uninvited review article submissions will be critically assessed by editors.
欢迎撰写评论文章，但未经邀请而提交的评论文章将由编辑进行严格评估。
Correspondence articles must be a specific concise point on a very hot topic or controversial issue, and are not intended for short communication of partial studies, or preliminary work.
通讯文章必须是对一个非常热门的话题或有争议的问题的具体简明论点，不用于部分研究或初步工作的简短交流。
They should not exceed 2000 words with maximum one figure or table and less than 10 references.
文章字数不得超过 2000 字，最多包含一个图表，参考文献不得超过 10 篇。
Authors may provide supporting information (for manuscripts exceeding the recommended length), and this material will be made available online.
作者可提供辅助资料（对于超过建议篇幅的稿件），这些资料将在网上公布。
The journal publishes hypothesis- or observation-driven research, with emphasis on mechanistic understanding and/or reporting new phenomena. Therefore, the following types of routine reports are out of scope of the journal and should NOT be submitted:
本刊主要发表以假设或观察为导向的研究成果，侧重于对机理的理解和/或对新现象的报道。因此，以下类型的常规报告不属于本刊的研究范围，请勿投稿：
- Routine monitoring-style reports of pollutant concentration in the environment or biota with a narrow spectrum or local/ regional focus
对环境或生物群中污染物浓度的常规监测式报告，范围较窄或以地方/区域为重点 - Routine measurements of biomolecules in an organism without mechanistic studies or an experimental context
在没有机理研究或实验背景的情况下，对生物体内的生物分子进行常规测量 - Routine reports of adsorption isotherms, catalytic reactions, remediation method, and other very well-known phenomena of chemicals or materials
吸附等温线、催化反应、修复方法以及其他非常著名的化学品或材料现象的常规报告 - Studies on general environmental parameters that affect the physiology of organisms, such as salt or draught effects on plants without an environmental pollution aspect to study design
关于影响生物生理的一般环境参数的研究，如盐或气流对植物的影响，研究设计不涉及环境污染问题 - Agronomy studies, natural geochemistry studies, and animal biology studies that do not have an environmental contamination aspect to the research
不涉及环境污染问题的农学研究、自然地球化学研究和动物生物学研究 - Research addressing simple plant physiological and growth parameters, or on overlapping topics or the extensions of already published articles
研究简单的植物生理和生长参数，或研究重叠的主题，或扩展已发表的文章 - Manuscripts related to simple correlations between pollutants and health problems
与污染物和健康问题之间的简单相关性有关的手稿
You can use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Please check the relevant section in this Guide for Authors for more details.
您可以使用此清单对投稿进行最后检查，然后再送交期刊审稿。请查看本《作者指南》中的相关章节，了解更多详情。
Ensure that the following items are present:
确保以下物品齐全：
One author has been designated as the corresponding author with contact details:
其中一位作者被指定为通讯作者，并提供了详细联系方式：
• E-mail address - 电子邮件地址
• Full postal address
- 详细邮政地址
All necessary files have been uploaded:
所有必要文件均已上传：
Manuscript: 手稿：
• Include keywords - 包括关键字
• All figures (include relevant captions)
- 所有数字（包括相关标题）
• All tables (including titles, description, footnotes)
- 所有表格（包括标题、说明和脚注）
• Ensure all figure and table citations in the text match the files provided
- 确保文本中所有图和表格的引用与提供的文件相符
• Indicate clearly if color should be used for any figures in print
- 明确说明印刷品中的任何数字是否应使用颜色
Graphical Abstracts / Highlights files (where applicable)
图表摘要/要点文件（如适用）
Supplemental files (where applicable)
补充文件（如适用）
Further considerations 进一步的考虑
• Manuscript has been 'spell checked' and 'grammar checked'
- 稿件已经过 "拼写检查 "和 "语法检查"。
• All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa
- 参考文献列表中提到的所有参考文献均在正文中引用，反之亦然。
• Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Internet)
- 使用其他来源（包括互联网）的版权材料已获得许可
• A competing interests statement is provided, even if the authors have no competing interests to declare
- 即使作者没有需要声明的利益冲突，也要提供利益冲突声明
• Journal policies detailed in this guide have been reviewed
- 本指南详述的期刊政策已经过审查
• Referee suggestions and contact details provided, based on journal requirements
- 根据期刊要求提供推荐人建议和联系方式
For further information, visit our Support Center.
如需了解更多信息，请访问我们的支持中心。
Before you begin 开始之前
Ethics in publishing 出版伦理Ethical statement concerning human and animal subjects is mandatory. For information on Ethics in publishing and Ethical guidelines for journal publication see https://www.elsevier.com/publishingethics and https://www.elsevier.com/ethicalguidelines.
有关人类和动物研究对象的伦理声明是强制性的。有关出版伦理和期刊出版伦理指南的信息，请参阅 https://www.elsevier.com/publishingethics 和 https://www.elsevier.com/ethicalguidelines。 Declaration of competing interest
利益冲突声明
Corresponding authors, on behalf of all the authors of a submission, must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work.
通讯作者必须代表投稿的所有作者披露与其他人或组织的任何财务和个人关系，这些关系可能会不适当地影响（偏袒）他们的工作。
Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. All authors, including those without competing interests to declare, should provide the relevant information to the corresponding author (which, where relevant, may specify they have nothing to declare). Corresponding authors should then use this tool to create a shared statement and upload to the submission system at the Attach Files step. Please do not convert the .docx template to another file type. Author signatures are not required.
潜在利益冲突的例子包括就业、咨询、股票所有权、酬金、有偿专家证词、专利申请/注册、赠款或其他资助。所有作者，包括无利益冲突需要声明的作者，都应向通讯作者提供相关信息（通讯作者可说明自己无利益冲突需要声明）。然后，通讯作者应使用该工具创建共享声明，并在 "附加文件 "步骤中上传到投稿系统。请勿将 .docx 模板转换为其他文件类型。不需要作者签名。 Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing
科学写作中的生成式人工智能宣言
The below guidance only refers to the writing process, and not to the use of AI tools to analyse and draw insights from data as part of the research process.
以下指南仅涉及撰写过程，而不涉及在研究过程中使用人工智能工具分析数据并从中获取见解。
Where authors use generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should only use these technologies to improve readability and language.
如果作者在写作过程中使用人工智能（AI）生成技术和人工智能辅助技术，作者只能将这些技术用于提高可读性和语言表达能力。
Applying the technology should be done with human oversight and control, and authors should carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased.
人工智能技术的应用应在人工监督和控制下进行，作者应仔细审查和编辑结果，因为人工智能可能会产生听起来很权威的输出结果，但也可能是不正确、不完整或有偏见的。
AI and AI-assisted technologies should not be listed as an author or co-author, or be cited as an author. Authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that can only be attributed to and performed by humans, as outlined in Elsevier’s AI policy for authors.
人工智能和人工智能辅助技术不应被列为作者或共同作者，也不应被作为作者引用。正如爱思唯尔的作者人工智能政策所述，作者身份意味着只能由人类承担和完成的责任和任务。
Authors should disclose in their manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by following the instructions below. A statement will appear in the published work.
作者应按照以下说明在稿件中披露在写作过程中使用了人工智能和人工智能辅助技术。声明将出现在发表的作品中。
Please note that authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.
请注意，作者对作品内容负有最终责任。
Disclosure instructions 披露说明
Authors must disclose the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by adding a statement at the end of their manuscript in the core manuscript file, before the References list.
作者必须在稿件核心文件的末尾、参考文献列表之前添加声明，披露在写作过程中使用了生成式人工智能和人工智能辅助技术。
The statement should be placed in a new section entitled ‘Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process’.
该声明应放在题为 "写作过程中的生成式人工智能和人工智能辅助技术宣言 "的新章节中。
Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.
声明：在编写本作品期间，作者使用了[工具/服务名称]，以便[说明理由]。使用该工具/服务后，作者对内容进行了必要的审阅和编辑，并对出版物的内容负全部责任。
This declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references etc. If there is nothing to disclose, there is no need to add a statement.
本声明不适用于检查语法、拼写、参考文献等基本工具的使用。如果没有需要披露的信息，则无需添加声明。
提交申报和核查
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder.
文章的提交意味着所描述的作品以前未曾发表（摘要、已发表的演讲或学术论文除外，更多信息请参阅 "多重、多余或同时发表"），未考虑在其他地方发表，其发表已得到所有作者的同意，并得到工作所在地主管当局的默许或明示同意，如果被接受，未经版权所有者书面同意，不会以同样的形式在其他地方用英语或任何其他语言发表，包括以电子形式发表。
To verify compliance, your article may be checked by Crossref Similarity Check and other originality or duplicate checking software.
为验证合规性，您的文章可能会通过 Cross Similarity Check 和其他原创性或重复性检查软件进行检查。 Preprints 预印本
Please note that preprints can be shared anywhere at any time, in line with Elsevier's sharing policy. Sharing your preprints e.g. on a preprint server will not count as prior publication (see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information).
请注意，根据爱思唯尔的共享政策，预印本可以随时随地共享。在预印本服务器上共享您的预印本将不被视为事先发表（更多信息请参阅 "多重、多余或同时发表"）。 Preprint posting on SSRN
在 SSRN 上发布预印本
In support of Open Science, this journal offers its authors a free preprint posting service. Preprints provide early registration and dissemination of your research, which facilitates early citations and collaboration.
为支持开放科学，本期刊为作者提供免费的预印本发布服务。预印本为您的研究提供了早期注册和传播的机会，有利于早期引用和合作。
During submission to Editorial Manager, you can choose to release your manuscript publicly as a preprint on the preprint server SSRN once it enters peer-review with the journal. Your choice will have no effect on the editorial process or outcome with the journal.
向《编辑经理》投稿时，您可以选择在稿件进入期刊同行评审后，在预印本服务器 SSRN 上以预印本形式公开发布。您的选择不会影响期刊的编辑过程或结果。
Please note that the corresponding author is expected to seek approval from all co-authors before agreeing to release the manuscript publicly on SSRN.
请注意，通讯作者在同意在 SSRN 上公开发布稿件之前，应征求所有共同作者的同意。
You will be notified via email when your preprint is posted online and a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is assigned. Your preprint will remain globally available free to read whether the journal accepts or rejects your manuscript.
当您的预印本在网上发布并分配了数字对象标识符 (DOI) 时，您将收到电子邮件通知。无论期刊接受还是拒绝您的稿件，您的预印本都可以在全球范围内免费阅读。
For more information about posting to SSRN, please consult the SSRN Terms of Use and FAQs.
有关在 SSRN 上发帖的更多信息，请查阅 SSRN 使用条款和常见问题解答。
使用包容性语言
Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities.
包容性语言承认多样性，表达对所有人的尊重，对差异保持敏感，促进机会平等。
Content should make no assumptions about the beliefs or commitments of any reader; contain nothing which might imply that one individual is superior to another on the grounds of age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition; and use inclusive language throughout.
内容不应假定任何读者的信仰或承诺；不应包含任何可能暗示某人因年龄、性别、种族、民族、文化、性取向、残疾或健康状况而优于他人的内容；并应通篇使用包容性语言。
Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant culture and/or cultural assumptions.
作者应确保文章不带偏见、成见、俚语，不提及主流文化和/或文化假设。
We advise to seek gender neutrality by using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." We recommend avoiding the use of descriptors that refer to personal attributes such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition unless they are relevant and valid.
我们建议尽可能使用复数名词（"临床医生、患者/客户"），避免使用 "他、她 "或 "他/她"，从而实现性别中立。我们建议避免使用涉及年龄、性别、种族、民族、文化、性取向、残疾或健康状况等个人属性的描述词，除非这些描述词相关且有效。
When coding terminology is used, we recommend to avoid offensive or exclusionary terms such as "master", "slave", "blacklist" and "whitelist".
在使用编码术语时，我们建议避免使用 "主控"、"从属"、"黑名单 "和 "白名单 "等冒犯性或排斥性术语。
We suggest using alternatives that are more appropriate and (self-) explanatory such as "primary", "secondary", "blocklist" and "allowlist".
我们建议使用 "主要"、"次要"、"屏蔽列表 "和 "允许列表 "等更合适和（自我）解释性更强的替代词。
These guidelines are meant as a point of reference to help identify appropriate language but are by no means exhaustive or definitive.
这些指导原则可作为参考，帮助确定适当的语言，但绝不是详尽无遗或一成不变的。 Reporting sex- and gender-based analyses
报告基于性和性别的分析
Reporting guidance 报告指南
For research involving or pertaining to humans, animals or eukaryotic cells, investigators should integrate sex and gender-based analyses (SGBA) into their research design according to funder/sponsor requirements and best practices within a field.
对于涉及人类、动物或真核细胞或与之相关的研究，研究人员应根据资助者/赞助者的要求和某一领域的最佳实践，将基于性和性别的分析（SGBA）纳入其研究设计中。
Authors should address the sex and/or gender dimensions of their research in their article. In cases where they cannot, they should discuss this as a limitation to their research's generalizability.
作者应在文章中论述其研究的性和/或性别层面。如果无法解决，则应将其作为研究可推广性的限制因素加以讨论。
Importantly, authors should explicitly state what definitions of sex and/or gender they are applying to enhance the precision, rigor and reproducibility of their research and to avoid ambiguity or conflation of terms and the constructs to which they refer (see Definitions section below).
重要的是，作者应明确说明他们所采用的性和/或性别的定义，以提高研究的准确性、严谨性和可重复性，并避免术语及其所指结构的含糊不清或混淆（见下文定义部分）。
Authors can refer to the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines and the SAGER guidelines checklist.
作者可参考研究中的性与性别平等（SAGER）指南和 SAGER 指南核对表。
These offer systematic approaches to the use and editorial review of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, outcome reporting and research interpretation - however, please note there is no single, universally agreed-upon set of guidelines for defining sex and gender.
这些指南提供了在研究设计、数据分析、结果报告和研究解释中使用性别和社会性别的信息并对其进行编辑审查的系统方法--但是，请注意，在定义性别和社会性别的方面并没有一套单一的、普遍认同的指南。
Definitions 定义
Sex generally refers to a set of biological attributes that are associated with physical and physiological features (e.g., chromosomal genotype, hormonal levels, internal and external anatomy).
性别一般是指与身体和生理特征（如染色体基因型、荷尔蒙水平、内部和外部解剖结构）相关的一系列生物属性。
A binary sex categorization (male/female) is usually designated at birth (""sex assigned at birth""), most often based solely on the visible external anatomy of a newborn.
二元性别分类（男/女）通常是在出生时指定的（"出生时的性别分配"），最常见的依据是新生儿可见的外部解剖结构。
Gender generally refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors, and identities of women, men and gender-diverse people that occur in a historical and cultural context and may vary across societies and over time.
性别一般是指社会构建的女性、男性和不同性别人群的角色、行为和身份，这些角色、行为和身份是在历史和文化背景下产生的，并可能因社会和时间的不同而不同。
Gender influences how people view themselves and each other, how they behave and interact and how power is distributed in society.
性别影响着人们如何看待自己和他人，影响着他们的行为和互动，也影响着社会权力的分配。
Sex and gender are often incorrectly portrayed as binary (female/male or woman/man) and unchanging whereas these constructs actually exist along a spectrum and include additional sex categorizations and gender identities such as people who are intersex/have differences of sex development (DSD) or identify as non-binary.
性和性别往往被错误地描述为二元（女性/男性或女人/男人）和不变的，而这些建构实际上是沿着一个光谱存在的，并包括额外的性别分类和性别认同，如双性人/有性发育差异（DSD）的人或认同为非二元的人。
Moreover, the terms ""sex"" and ""gender"" can be ambiguous—thus it is important for authors to define the manner in which they are used. In addition to this definition guidance and the SAGER guidelines, the resources on this page offer further insight around sex and gender in research studies.
此外，"性 "和 "性别 "这两个术语可能会产生歧义，因此作者必须明确这两个术语的使用方式。除了本定义指南和 SAGER 指南外，本页上的资源还提供了有关研究中性和性别的更多见解。
For transparency, we require corresponding authors to provide co-author contributions to the manuscript using the relevant CRediT roles. The CRediT taxonomy includes 14 different roles describing each contributor’s specific contribution to the scholarly output.
为提高透明度，我们要求通讯作者使用 CRediT 的相关角色提供对稿件的共同贡献。CRediT 分类法包括 14 种不同的角色，描述了每位作者对学术成果的具体贡献。
The roles are: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; and Writing - review & editing.
这些角色是概念化；数据整理；正式分析；资金获取；调查；方法；项目管理；资源；软件；监督；验证；可视化；角色/写作--原稿；以及写作--审阅和编辑。
Note that not all roles may apply to every manuscript, and authors may have contributed through multiple roles. More details and an example.
请注意，并非所有角色都适用于每篇稿件，作者可能通过多个角色做出贡献。更多详情和示例。 Changes to authorship 作者身份的变更
Authors are expected to consider carefully the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement.
作者在投稿前应仔细考虑作者名单和顺序，并在最初投稿时提供确切的作者名单。只有在稿件被录用前，并经期刊编辑批准后，方可在作者名单中增加、删除或重新排列作者姓名。如需更改作者姓名，编辑必须从通讯作者处获得以下信息：(a) 更改作者姓名的原因；(b) 所有作者同意增加、删除或重新排列作者姓名的书面确认（电子邮件或信件）。
In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed.
在增加或删除作者的情况下，这包括被增加或删除的作者的确认。
Only in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum.
只有在特殊情况下，编辑才会在稿件被接受后考虑增加、删除或重新安排作者。在编辑考虑该请求期间，稿件将暂停发表。如果稿件已在在线期刊上发表，任何经编辑批准的请求都将导致更正。 Article transfer service 文章转让服务
This journal uses the Elsevier Article Transfer Service to find the best home for your manuscript. This means that if an editor feels your manuscript is more suitable for an alternative journal, you might be asked to consider transferring the manuscript to such a journal.
本刊使用爱思唯尔文章转移服务为您的稿件寻找最佳归宿。这意味着，如果编辑认为您的稿件更适合其他期刊，可能会要求您考虑将稿件转至该期刊。
The recommendation might be provided by a Journal Editor, a dedicated Scientific Managing Editor, a tool assisted recommendation, or a combination. If you agree, your manuscript will be transferred, though you will have the opportunity to make changes to the manuscript before the submission is complete.
推荐人可以是期刊编辑、专门的科学主编、工具辅助推荐人，也可以是推荐人和主编的组合。如果您同意，您的稿件将被转发，不过您有机会在投稿完成前对稿件进行修改。
Please note that your manuscript will be independently reviewed by the new journal. More information.
请注意，您的稿件将由新期刊独立审核。更多信息。 Copyright 版权
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete an 'Exclusive License Agreement' (more information). Permitted third party reuse of gold open access articles is determined by the author's choice of user license.
文章一经接受，作者将被要求填写 "独家许可协议"（更多信息）。允许第三方重复使用金牌开放存取文章取决于作者对用户许可证的选择。
Author rights 作者权利
As an author you (or your employer or institution) have certain rights to reuse your work. More information.
作为作者，您（或您的雇主或机构）有权重复使用您的作品。更多信息。
爱思唯尔支持负责任的共享
Find out how you can share your research published in Elsevier journals.
了解如何分享您在爱思唯尔期刊上发表的研究成果。 Role of the funding source
资金来源的作用
You are requested to identify who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly describe the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication.
请注明谁为开展研究和/或撰写文章提供了资金支持，并简要说明赞助者（如有）在研究设计、数据收集、分析和解释、报告撰写以及决定将文章提交发表中的作用。
If the funding source(s) had no such involvement, it is recommended to state this.
如果资金来源没有参与，建议说明这一点。 Open access 开放存取
Please visit our Open Access page for more information about open access publishing in this journal.
请访问我们的 "开放存取 "页面，了解有关本期刊开放存取出版的更多信息。 Elsevier Researcher Academy
爱思唯尔研究员学院
Researcher Academy is a free e-learning platform designed to support early and mid-career researchers throughout their research journey.
研究人员学院是一个免费的电子学习平台，旨在为职业生涯早期和中期的研究人员提供全程支持。
The "Learn" environment at Researcher Academy offers several interactive modules, webinars, downloadable guides and resources to guide you through the process of writing for research and going through peer review.
研究人员学院的 "学习 "环境提供了多个互动模块、网络研讨会、可下载的指南和资源，指导您完成研究写作和同行评审的过程。
Feel free to use these free resources to improve your submission and navigate the publication process with ease.
欢迎使用这些免费资源来改进您的投稿，轻松驾驭出版流程。 Language and language services
语言和语言服务
Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission please visit https://webshop.elsevier.com/language-editing/ or our customer support site at https://service.elsevier.com for more information. The values reported on research papers should be limited to 3 significant figures, unless required otherwise. Ppm or ppb are not accepted and this should be presented as mg/kg or µg/kg. Centrifugation speed should be presented in x g, not rpm.
请用流利的英语撰写文章（美式或英式用法均可，但不能混用）。作者如需了解投稿前和投稿后的语言编辑和校稿服务信息，请访问 https://webshop.elsevier.com/language-editing/ 或我们的客户支持网站 https://service.elsevier.com 了解更多信息。除非另有要求，研究论文中报告的数值应限于 3 位有效数字。不接受 Ppm 或 ppb，应以 mg/kg 或 µg/kg 表示。离心速度应以 x g 而不是 rpm 表示。 Submission 提交材料
Our online submission system guides you stepwise through the process of entering your article details and uploading your files. The system converts your article files to a single PDF file used in the peer-review process.
我们的在线投稿系统将指导您逐步完成输入文章详细信息和上传文件的过程。系统会将您的文章文件转换成一个 PDF 文件，用于同行评审过程。
Editable files (e.g., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for final publication. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, is sent by e-mail.
文章最终发表时需要可编辑的文件（如 Word、LaTeX）进行排版。所有通信，包括编辑的决定通知和修改要求，均通过电子邮件发送。 Submit your article 提交您的文章
Please submit your article via https://www.editorialmanager.com/yeesa/default.aspx.
请通过 https://www.editorialmanager.com/yeesa/default.aspx 投稿。
If you have difficulty with your submission or any other questions, please contact the Editorial Office:
如果您在投稿时遇到困难或有其他问题，请联系编辑部：
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
生态毒理学与环境安全
Editorial Office 编辑室
525 B Street, Suite 1800
San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA
美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥 92101-4495
Telephone: (619) 699-6297
电话：（619）699-6297
Fax: (619) 699-6850 传真：（619）699-6850
E-mail: ees2@elsevier.com
电子邮件： ees2@elsevier.com
All submitted manuscripts must include a list of five suggested reviewers. Please include the names and contact information (including email addresses) for 5 reviewer suggestions. Typically three of these should be from countries other than those of the authors.
所有提交的稿件必须包括一份五位建议审稿人的名单。请附上 5 位推荐审稿人的姓名和联系信息（包括电子邮件地址）。一般情况下，其中三位应来自作者所在国以外的国家。
Please note that this is a mandatory element of your submission and the Editorial Office cannot locate reviewers on your behalf. If you are unable to suggest potential experts in the field, please refer to your references for possible reviewers.
请注意，这是您必须提交的内容，编辑部不能代您寻找审稿人。如果您无法推荐该领域的潜在专家，请参考您的参考文献，寻找可能的审稿人。 Additional information 其他信息
Each manuscript should be accompanied by a letter outlining the basic findings of the paper and their significance.
每篇稿件均应附一封信，概述论文的基本发现及其意义。
Preparation 准备工作
Queries 查询For questions about the editorial process (including the status of manuscripts under review) or for technical support on submissions, please visit our Support Center.
有关编辑流程的问题（包括审稿状态）或有关投稿的技术支持，请访问我们的支持中心。 NEW SUBMISSIONS 新提交
Submission to this journal proceeds totally online and you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of your files. The system automatically converts your files to a single PDF file, which is used in the peer-review process.
向本刊投稿完全在网上进行，您将在创建和上传文件的过程中逐步获得指导。系统会自动将您的文件转换成一个 PDF 文件，用于同行评审过程。
As part of the Your Paper Your Way service, you may choose to submit your manuscript as a single file to be used in the refereeing process. This can be a PDF file or a Word document, in any format or lay-out that can be used by referees to evaluate your manuscript.
作为 "您的论文您做主 "服务的一部分，您可以选择将稿件作为单一文件提交，以便在审稿过程中使用。文件可以是 PDF 文件或 Word 文档，格式和布局不限，以便推荐人评估稿件。
It should contain high enough quality figures for refereeing. If you prefer to do so, you may still provide all or some of the source files at the initial submission. Please note that individual figure files larger than 10 MB must be uploaded separately.
论文应包含足够高质量的数字，以便进行评审。如果您愿意，仍可在首次提交时提供全部或部分源文件。请注意，大于 10 MB 的单个图表文件必须单独上传。 Reference formatting 参考格式
There are no strict requirements on reference formatting at submission. References can be in any style or format as long as the style is consistent.
投稿时对参考文献的格式没有严格要求。只要风格一致，参考文献可以采用任何风格或格式。
Where applicable, author(s) name(s), journal title/book title, chapter title/article title, year of publication, volume number/book chapter and the pagination must be present. Use of DOI is highly encouraged.
如适用，必须提供作者姓名、期刊名/书名、章节名/文章名、出版年份、卷号/书中章节和页码。强烈建议使用 DOI。
The reference style used by the journal will be applied to the accepted article by Elsevier at the proof stage. Note that missing data will be highlighted at proof stage for the author to correct.
爱思唯尔将在校样阶段对录用文章采用期刊使用的参考文献样式。请注意，缺失的数据将在校样阶段突出显示，供作者更正。
If you do wish to format the references yourself they should be arranged according to the following examples:
如果您希望自行安排参考文献的格式，则应按照以下示例进行安排：
[dataset] Oguro, M., Imahiro, S., Saito, S., Nakashizuka, T., 2015. Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions. Mendeley Data, v1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.
[dataset] Oguro, M., Imahiro, S., Saito, S., Nakashizuka, T., 2015.日本橡树枯萎病的死亡率数据及周边森林构成。Mendeley Data, v1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.
There are no strict formatting requirements but all manuscripts must contain the essential elements needed to convey your manuscript, for example Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Conclusions, Artwork and Tables with Captions.
没有严格的格式要求，但所有稿件必须包含传达稿件所需的基本要素，例如摘要、关键词、引言、材料和方法、结果、结论、艺术作品和带标题的表格。
If your article includes any Videos and/or other Supplementary material, this should be included in your initial submission for peer review purposes.
如果您的文章包含任何视频和/或其他补充材料，则应将其包含在您的初次投稿中，以便同行评审。
Divide the article into clearly defined sections.
将文章划分为明确的章节。
Please ensure your paper has consecutive line numbering - this is an essential peer review requirement.
请确保您的论文有连续的行号，这是同行评审的基本要求。 Figures and tables embedded in text
文本中嵌入的图和表格
Please ensure the figures and the tables included in the single file are placed next to the relevant text in the manuscript, rather than at the bottom or the top of the file. The corresponding caption should be placed directly below the figure or table.
请确保单个文件中的图和表格放在稿件中相关文字的旁边，而不是文件的底部或顶部。相应的标题应放在图或表的正下方。 Peer review 同行评审
This journal operates a single anonymized review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the editor for suitability for the journal.
本刊采用单一匿名审稿程序。所有稿件将由编辑进行初步评估，以确定是否适合本刊。
Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of two independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor's decision is final.
被认为合适的论文通常会送交至少两名独立专家评审，以评估论文的科学质量。编辑负责最终决定是否接受或拒绝文章。编辑的决定为最终决定。
Editors are not involved in decisions about papers which they have written themselves or have been written by family members or colleagues or which relate to products or services in which the editor has an interest.
编辑不参与自己撰写的论文、家庭成员或同事撰写的论文或与编辑有利益关系的产品或服务有关的论文的决策。
Any such submission is subject to all of the journal's usual procedures, with peer review handled independently of the relevant editor and their research groups. More information on types of peer review.
任何此类投稿均须遵守期刊的所有常规程序，同行评审由相关编辑及其研究小组独立处理。有关同行评审类型的更多信息。 REVISED SUBMISSIONS 修订意见
Use double spacing. All pages must be numbered, beginning with the abstract. All lines must be numbered, preferably continuously throughout the entire manuscript. When submitting the revised manuscript, please make sure that you upload the final version of the paper.
使用双倍行距。所有页面必须编号，从摘要开始。所有行必须编号，最好在整篇稿件中连续编号。提交修改稿时，请确保上传了论文的最终版本。
Please remove the old version(s) of the manuscript before submitting the revised version.
在提交修订版之前，请删除旧版稿件。 Use of word processing software
使用文字处理软件
Regardless of the file format of the original submission, at revision you must provide us with an editable file of the entire article. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article.
无论原始稿件的文件格式如何，改稿时必须向我们提供整篇文章的可编辑文件。文章排版应尽量简单。在处理文章时，大部分格式代码将被删除和替换。
The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier). See also the section on Electronic artwork.
电子文本的准备方式应与传统稿件非常相似（另请参阅《爱思唯尔出版指南》）。另请参阅 "电子作品 "部分。
To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your word processor.
为避免不必要的错误，强烈建议您使用文字处理器的 "拼写检查 "和 "语法检查 "功能。 Article structure 文章结构 Subdivision - numbered sections
细分 - 编号章节
Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to 'the text'.
将文章划分为定义明确并有编号的章节。小节应编号为 1.1（然后是 1.1.1、1.1.2、......）、1.2 等（摘要不包括在小节编号中）。内部交叉引用时也要使用这种编号：不要只提及 "正文"。
Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.
任何分节均可使用简短的标题。每个标题应单独成行。 Introduction 导言
State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
说明工作目标，提供充分的背景资料，避免详细的文献调查或成果摘要。 Material and methods 材料和方法
Materials and methods should be sufficiently detailed to enable the experiments to be reproduced. It is mandatory to give formal assurance that any study involving humans or experimental animals were conducted in accordance with national and institutional guidelines for the protection of human subjects and animal welfare. No manuscript will be considered unless this information is supplied.
材料和方法应足够详细，以便能够复制实验。必须正式保证任何涉及人类或实验动物的研究都是按照国家和机构关于保护人类受试者和动物福利的指导方针进行的。未提供此信息的稿件将不予考虑。 Theory/calculation 理论/计算
A Theory section should extend, not repeat, the background to the article already dealt with in the Introduction and lay the foundation for further work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a practical development from a theoretical basis.
理论部分应扩展而不是重复导言中已涉及的文章背景，并为进一步的工作奠定基础。与此相反，计算部分是在理论基础上的实践发展。 Results/Discussion 结果/讨论
Results should be clear and concise. Discussion should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
结果应简明扼要。讨论应探讨工作结果的意义，而不是重复这些结果。将结果和讨论部分合并通常是合适的。避免大量引用和讨论已发表的文献。 Conclusions 结论
The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.
研究的主要结论可在简短的 "结论 "一节中陈述，该节可单独存在，也可作为 "讨论" 或 "结果与讨论 "一节的一个小节。 Appendices 附录
If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig.
如果附录不止一个，则应分别标为 A、B 等。附录中的公式和方程式应单独编号：公式(A.1)、公式(A.2)等；在随后的附录中，公式(B.1)等。表格和图表也是如此：表 A.1；图 A.2
A.1, etc. A.1 等。 Essential title page information
扉页基本信息
• Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
- 标题简明扼要，信息丰富。标题通常用于信息检索系统。尽可能避免使用缩写和公式。
• Author names and affiliations. Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. You can add your name between parentheses in your own script behind the English transliteration.
- 作者姓名和单位。请清楚注明每位作者的姓名，并检查所有姓名的拼写是否准确。您可以在英文音译后面的括号内用自己的文字添加姓名。
Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address.
在作者姓名下方注明作者单位地址（实际工作所在地）。在作者姓名后和相应地址前用小写上标字母标明所有单位。
Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.
提供每个单位的详细邮政地址，包括国名，如果有的话，提供每位作者的电子邮件地址。
• Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. This responsibility includes answering any future queries about Methodology and Materials. Ensure that the e-mail address is given and that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.
- 通讯作者。明确指出由谁负责处理审稿和出版各阶段的通信，以及出版后的通信。这项责任包括回答今后有关方法和材料的任何询问。确保提供电子邮件地址，并确保通讯作者随时更新联系方式。
• Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name.
- 现地址/永久地址。如果作者在文章所述工作完成后搬迁，或当时正在访问，可在作者姓名的脚注中注明 "现地址"（或 "永久地址"）。
The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
必须保留作者实际工作的地址，作为主要的隶属地址。此类脚注使用阿拉伯数字上标。 Highlights 亮点
Highlights are mandatory for this journal as they help increase the discoverability of your article via search engines.
本期刊必须使用 "亮点"，因为 "亮点 "有助于提高文章在搜索引擎中的可发现性。
They consist of a short collection of bullet points that capture the novel results of your research as well as new methods that were used during the study (if any). Please have a look at the example Highlights.
这些要点包括一系列简短的要点，概括了研究的新成果以及研究中使用的新方法（如有）。请查看范例集锦。
Highlights should be submitted in a separate editable file in the online submission system. Please use 'Highlights' in the file name and include 3 to 5 bullet points (maximum 85 characters, including spaces, per bullet point).
摘要应在在线提交系统中以单独的可编辑文件提交。请在文件名中使用 "Highlights"，并包含 3 至 5 个要点（每个要点最多 85 个字符，包括空格）。
A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone.
要求摘要简明扼要、实事求是。摘要应简要说明研究目的、主要成果和主要结论。摘要通常与文章分开提交，因此必须能够独立存在。
For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.
因此，应避免使用参考文献，但如有必要，则应注明作者和年份。此外，应避免使用非标准或不常用的缩写，但如果必须使用，则必须在摘要中首次提及时加以说明。 Graphical abstract 图形摘要
Although a graphical abstract is optional, its use is encouraged as it draws more attention to the online article. The graphical abstract should summarize the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership.
虽然图文摘要是可选项，但我们鼓励使用它，因为它能吸引更多读者关注在线文章。图表摘要应以简洁的图片形式概括文章内容，以吸引广大读者的注意。
Graphical abstracts should be submitted as a separate file in the online submission system. Image size: Please provide an image with a minimum of 531 × 1328 pixels (h × w) or proportionally more.
图文摘要应作为单独文件在在线提交系统中提交。图片尺寸：请提供至少 531 × 1328 像素（高 × 宽）或更大比例的图片。
The image should be readable at a size of 5 × 13 cm using a regular screen resolution of 96 dpi. Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. You can view Example Graphical Abstracts on our information site.
图像大小应为 5 × 13 厘米，普通屏幕分辨率为 96 dpi。首选文件类型：TIFF、EPS、PDF 或 MS Office 文件。您可以在我们的信息网站上查看图表摘要范例。 Keywords 关键词
Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of').
紧接着摘要，提供最多 6 个关键词，使用美式拼写，避免使用泛指、复数术语和多重概念（例如，避免使用 "and"、"of"）。
Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.
避免使用缩写词：只有在该领域已牢固确立的缩写词才有资格使用。这些关键词将用于编制索引。 Abbreviations 缩略语
Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the first page of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote.
在文章首页的脚注中定义非本领域标准缩写。在摘要中不可避免的缩写必须在摘要中首次提及时以及在脚注中定义。
Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.
确保整篇文章缩写的一致性。 Acknowledgements 致谢
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise.
将致谢单独列在文章末尾参考文献之前，因此不要将其放在扉页、标题脚注或其他地方。
List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).
在此列出在研究过程中提供帮助的个人（如提供语言帮助、写作帮助或校对文章等）。 Formatting of funding sources
资金来源的格式
List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder's requirements:
以这种标准方式列出资金来源，以便于遵守资助方的要求：
Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].
资助：这项工作得到了美国国立卫生研究院[资助编号 xxxx、yyyy]、华盛顿州西雅图比尔及梅林达-盖茨基金会[资助编号 zzzz]和美国和平研究所[资助编号 aaaa]的支持。
It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants and awards.
无需详细描述补助金和奖励的计划或类型。
When funding is from a block grant or other resources available to a university, college, or other research institution, submit the name of the institute or organization that provided the funding.
如果资金来自整笔拨款或大学、学院或其他研究机构可获得的其他资源，请提交提供资金的机构或组织的名称。
If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence:
如果没有为研究提供资金，建议加入以下句子：
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
这项研究没有得到公共、商业或非营利部门资助机构的任何专项拨款。
Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other units are mentioned, please give their equivalent in SI.
遵循国际公认的规则和惯例：使用国际单位制（SI）。如果提到其他单位，请给出其在国际单位制中的等效单位。
Specially please note, the values reported on research papers should be limited to 3 significant figures, unless required otherwise. ppm or ppb are not accepted and this should be presented as mg/kg or µg/kg. Centrifugation speed should be presented in x g, not rpm.
请特别注意，除非另有要求，研究论文中报告的数值应限制在 3 位有效数字以内。离心速度应以 x g 而不是 rpm 表示。 Math formulae 数学公式
Please submit math equations as editable text and not as images. Present simple formulae in line with normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics.
请将数学公式作为可编辑文本而非图像提交。在可能的情况下，请将简单的公式与普通文字放在一起，对于小数点后的项，如 X/Y，请使用实线（/）而不是横线。变量原则上用斜体表示。
Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).
e 的幂通常用 exp 表示更为方便。连续编号必须与正文分开显示的方程（如果正文中明确提及）。 Footnotes 脚注
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used.
应尽量少用脚注。在整篇文章中为脚注连续编号。许多文字处理程序会在文本中加入脚注，可以使用这一功能。
Should this not be the case, indicate the position of footnotes in the text and present the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article.
如果情况并非如此，则应在正文中标明脚注的位置，并在文章末尾单独列出脚注本身。 Artwork 作品 Electronic artwork 电子作品
General points 一般要点
• Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
- 确保使用统一的字母和原稿尺寸。
• Preferred fonts: Arial (or Helvetica), Times New Roman (or Times), Symbol, Courier.
- 首选字体：Arial（或 Helvetica）、Times New Roman（或 Times）、Symbol、Courier。
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
- 根据插图在文中的顺序给插图编号。
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
- 为图样文件使用合理的命名规范。
• Indicate per figure if it is a single, 1.5 or 2-column fitting image.
- 请注明每幅图是单列、1.5 列还是双列拟合图像。
• For Word submissions only, you may still provide figures and their captions, and tables within a single file at the revision stage.
- 对于仅使用 Word 提交的论文，您仍可在修订阶段在一个文件中提供数字及其说明和表格。
• Please note that individual figure files larger than 10 MB must be provided in separate source files.
- 请注意，大于 10 MB 的单个图表文件必须以单独的源文件提供。
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available.
有一份关于电子艺术品的详细指南。
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
请访问该网站；此处摘录了一些详细信息。
Formats 格式
Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please 'save as' or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
无论使用哪种应用程序，当您的电子图样最终完成后，请将图像 "另存为 "或转换为以下格式之一（请注意下面给出的线图、半色调和线/半色调组合的分辨率要求）：
EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings. Embed the font or save the text as 'graphics'.
EPS （或 PDF）：矢量图。嵌入字体或将文本保存为 "图形"。
TIFF (or JPG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF（或 JPG）：彩色或灰度照片（半色调）：始终使用最低 300 dpi。
TIFF (or JPG): Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF（或 JPG）：位图线条图：至少使用 1000 dpi。
TIFF (or JPG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.
TIFF（或 JPG）：位图线条/半色调（彩色或灰度）组合：要求至少 500 dpi。
Please do not: 请不要这样做：
• Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low.
- 提供为屏幕使用而优化的文件（如 GIF、BMP、PICT、WPG）；分辨率太低。
• Supply files that are too low in resolution.
- 提供分辨率过低的文件。
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
- 提交与内容不成比例的大图。
Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF), or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution.
请确保图样文件采用可接受的格式（TIFF（或 JPEG）、EPS（或 PDF）或 MS Office 文件）和正确的分辨率。
If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color online (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for color: in print or online only. Further information on the preparation of electronic artwork.
如果您在提交录用文章的同时还提交了可用的彩色插图，那么爱思唯尔将免费确保这些插图以彩色出现在网络上（如 ScienceDirect 和其他网站），无论这些插图是否以彩色出现在印刷版中。对于印刷版的彩色复制，您将在收到录用文章后收到爱思唯尔提供的相关费用信息。请注明您对彩色的偏好：印刷版或仅在线版。有关电子图样制作的更多信息。 Figure captions 图表说明
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.
确保每幅插图都有标题。说明应包括一个简短的标题（不在图上）和对插图的描述。尽量减少插图本身的文字，但要解释所有使用的符号和缩写。 Text graphics 文本图形
Text graphics may be embedded in the text at the appropriate position. See further under Electronic artwork.
文本图形可嵌入文本的适当位置。请进一步参阅 "电子艺术品 "部分。 References 参考资料 Citation in text 文中引用
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full.
请确保正文中引用的所有参考文献也出现在参考文献列表中（反之亦然）。摘要中引用的任何参考文献必须全文列出。
Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text.
未发表的成果和个人通信不建议列入参考文献目录，但可在正文中提及。
If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'.
如果参考文献列表中包含这些参考文献，则应遵循期刊的标准参考文献样式，并用 "未发表的结果 "或 "个人通信 "代替发表日期。
Citation of a reference as 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
将参考文献引用为 "出版中 "意味着该项目已被接受出版。
All citations in the text should refer to:
文中所有引文均应提及：
- Single author: the author's name (without initials, unless there is ambiguity) and the year of publication;
单个作者：作者姓名（不含首字母缩写，除非有歧义）和出版年份； - Two authors: both authors' names and the year of publication;
两位作者：两位作者的姓名和出版年份； - Three or more authors: first author's name followed by 'et al.' and the year of publication.
三名或三名以上作者：第一作者姓名后加 "等 "和发表年份。
可直接（或在括号内）引用。参考文献组应首先按字母顺序排列，然后按时间顺序排列。
Examples: 'as demonstrated (Allan, 2000a, 2000b, 1999; Allan and Jones, 1999). Kramer et al. (2010) have recently shown ....'
实例：证明（Allan，2000a，2000b，1999；Allan 和 Jones，1999）。Kramer 等人（2010 年）最近表明 ....' Reference links 参考链接
Increased discoverability of research and high quality peer review are ensured by online links to the sources cited.
通过与引用资料来源的在线链接，可确保提高研究的可发现性和同行评审的质量。
In order to allow us to create links to abstracting and indexing services, such as Scopus, Crossref and PubMed, please ensure that data provided in the references are correct.
为了使我们能够创建与 Scopus、Crossref 和 PubMed 等文摘和索引服务的链接，请确保参考文献中提供的数据正确无误。
Please note that incorrect surnames, journal/book titles, publication year and pagination may prevent link creation. When copying references, please be careful as they may already contain errors. Use of the DOI is highly encouraged.
请注意，不正确的姓氏、期刊/书名、出版年份和页码可能会妨碍链接的创建。在复制参考文献时，请小心谨慎，因为它们可能已经包含错误。强烈建议使用 DOI。
A DOI is guaranteed never to change, so you can use it as a permanent link to any electronic article. An example of a citation using DOI for an article not yet in an issue is: VanDecar J.C., Russo R.M., James D.E., Ambeh W.B., Franke M. (2003).
DOI 保证永不更改，因此您可以将其用作任何电子文章的永久链接。使用 DOI 引用尚未出版的文章的一个例子是VanDecar J.C., Russo R.M., James D.E., Ambeh W.B., Franke M. (2003).
Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Research, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884. Please note the format of such citations should be in the same style as all other references in the paper.
委内瑞拉东北部下方小安的列斯板块的地震延续。地球物理研究杂志》，https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884。请注意，此类引用的格式应与论文中所有其他参考文献的格式相同。
As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given.
至少应提供完整的 URL 和参考文献的最后访问日期。还应提供任何已知的进一步信息（DOI、作者姓名、日期、来源出版物的参考文献等）。
Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.
如果需要，网络参考文献可在不同标题下单独列出（如在参考文献列表之后），也可包含在参考文献列表中。 Data references 数据参考
This journal encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List.
本刊鼓励您在稿件中引用基础数据集或相关数据集，方法是在正文中注明，并在参考文献列表中列出数据参考文献。
Data references should include the following elements: author name(s), dataset title, data repository, version (where available), year, and global persistent identifier. Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly identify it as a data reference.
数据参考文献应包括以下要素：作者姓名、数据集标题、数据存储库、版本（如有）、年份和全局持久性标识符。在引用前添加 [数据集]，以便我们将其正确识别为数据引用。
The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.
数据集]标识符不会出现在您发表的文章中。 Preprint references 预印参考文献
Where a preprint has subsequently become available as a peer-reviewed publication, the formal publication should be used as the reference.
如果预印本后来成为经同行评审的出版物，则应将正式出版物作为参考文献。
If there are preprints that are central to your work or that cover crucial developments in the topic, but are not yet formally published, these may be referenced.
如果有一些预印本对您的工作非常重要，或涵盖了该主题的重要发展，但尚未正式出版，则可以参考这些预印本。
Preprints should be clearly marked as such, for example by including the word preprint, or the name of the preprint server, as part of the reference. The preprint DOI should also be provided.
预印本应明确标注为预印本，例如在参考文献中加入预印本一词或预印本服务器名称。还应提供预印本的 DOI。 References in a special issue
特刊中的参考文献
Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.
请确保在清单（以及正文中的任何引用）中引用同一特刊中的其他文章时，添加 "本期 "字样。 Reference management software
参考资料管理软件
Most Elsevier journals have their reference template available in many of the most popular reference management software products. These include all products that support Citation Style Language styles, such as Mendeley. Using citation plug-ins from these products, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article, after which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted in the journal's style.
大多数爱思唯尔期刊的参考文献模板可在许多最流行的参考文献管理软件产品中使用。这些产品包括所有支持引文风格语言样式的产品，如.NET、.NET和.NET。使用这些产品中的引文插件，作者只需在准备文章时选择相应的期刊模板，之后引文和参考书目就会自动按照期刊的样式格式化。
If no template is yet available for this journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations as shown in this Guide. If you use reference management software, please ensure that you remove all field codes before submitting the electronic manuscript. More information on how to remove field codes from different reference management software.
如果本刊尚未提供模板，请按照本指南中参考文献和引文示例的格式进行操作。如果您使用参考文献管理软件，请确保在提交电子稿件前删除所有字段代码。有关如何从不同参考文献管理软件中删除字段代码的更多信息。 Reference formatting 参考格式
There are no strict requirements on reference formatting at submission. References can be in any style or format as long as the style is consistent.
投稿时对参考文献的格式没有严格要求。只要风格一致，参考文献可以采用任何风格或格式。
Where applicable, author(s) name(s), journal title/book title, chapter title/article title, year of publication, volume number/book chapter and the article number or pagination must be present. Use of DOI is highly encouraged.
在适用情况下，必须包含作者姓名、期刊名/书名、章节名/文章名、出版年份、卷号/书章和文章编号或页码。强烈建议使用 DOI。
The reference style used by the journal will be applied to the accepted article by Elsevier at the proof stage. Note that missing data will be highlighted at proof stage for the author to correct.
爱思唯尔将在校样阶段对录用文章采用期刊使用的参考文献样式。请注意，缺失的数据将在校样阶段突出显示，供作者更正。
If you do wish to format the references yourself they should be arranged according to the following examples:
如果您希望自行安排参考文献的格式，则应按照以下示例进行安排： Reference style 参考样式
References should be arranged first alphabetically and then further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters 'a', 'b', 'c', etc., placed after the year of publication.
参考文献应先按字母顺序排列，必要时再按时间顺序排列。同一作者在同一年发表的多篇参考文献必须用字母 "a"、"b"、"c "等标识，并放在发表年份之后。
Examples: 例如
Reference to a journal publication:
参考期刊出版物：
Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J.A.J., Lupton, R.A., 2010. The art of writing a scientific article. J. Sci. Commun. 163, 51-59.
Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J.A.J., Lupton, R.A., 2010.撰写科学文章的艺术。J. Sci.163, 51-59.
Reference to a book:
参考一本书：
Strunk Jr., W., White, E.B., 2000. The Elements of Style, fourth ed. Longman, New York. Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
Strunk Jr., W., White, E.B., 2000.The Elements of Style, fourth ed., New York.Longman, New York.参考编辑书籍中的章节：
Mettam, G.R., Adams, L.B., 2009. How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: Jones, B.S., Smith , R.Z. (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age. E-Publishing Inc., New York, pp. 281-304.
Mettam, G.R., Adams, L.B., 2009.How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in：Jones, B.S., Smith , R.Z. (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age.E-Publishing Inc., New York, pp. Journal abbreviations source
期刊缩写来源
Journal names should be abbreviated according to the List of Title Word Abbreviations.
期刊名称应根据《标题词缩写表》缩写。 Video 视频
Elsevier accepts video material and animation sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these within the body of the article.
爱思唯尔接受视频材料和动画序列，以支持和加强您的科学研究。我们强烈建议有视频或动画文件的作者在提交文章时，在正文中附上这些文件的链接。
This can be done in the same way as a figure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should be placed. All submitted files should be properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video file's content.
其方法与图或表相同，只需参考视频或动画内容，并在正文中注明应放置的位置即可。所有提交的文件都应适当标注，以便与视频文件的内容直接相关。
In order to ensure that your video or animation material is directly usable, please provide the file in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 150 MB per file, 1 GB in total.
为确保您的视频或动画资料可直接使用，请提供我们推荐的文件格式，每个文件的最大容量为 150 MB，总容量为 1 GB。
Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a separate image. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For more detailed instructions please visit our video instruction pages. Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the print version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.
提供的视频和动画文件将在爱思唯尔网络产品（包括 ScienceDirect）的电子版文章中在线发布。请随文件提供 "剧照"：您可以选择视频或动画中的任意一帧，也可以制作单独的图像。这些图片将代替标准图标，并将个性化链接到您的视频数据。有关更详细的说明，请访问我们的视频说明页面。注意：由于视频和动画不能嵌入期刊的印刷版中，因此请为电子版和印刷版中涉及到这些内容的文章部分提供文本。 Data visualization 数据可视化
Include interactive data visualizations in your publication and let your readers interact and engage more closely with your research. Follow the instructions here to find out about available data visualization options and how to include them with your article.
在您的出版物中加入交互式数据可视化，让您的读者与您的研究进行更密切的互动和参与。请按照此处的说明了解可用的数据可视化选项以及如何将其纳入您的文章。 Supplementary material 补充材料
Supplementary material such as applications, images and sound clips, can be published with your article to enhance it. Submitted supplementary items are published exactly as they are received (Excel or PowerPoint files will appear as such online).
应用软件、图像和声音剪辑等补充材料可与文章一起发表，以增强文章的效果。所提交的补充材料将按收到时的原样发表（Excel 或 PowerPoint 文件将按原样在网上显示）。
Please submit your material together with the article and supply a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary file. If you wish to make changes to supplementary material during any stage of the process, please make sure to provide an updated file.
请将您的材料与文章一起提交，并为每个补充文件提供简明扼要的说明性标题。如果您希望在任何阶段对补充材料进行修改，请务必提供更新文件。
Do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please switch off the 'Track Changes' option in Microsoft Office files as these will appear in the published version.
请勿在以前的版本上批注任何更正。请关闭 Microsoft Office 文件中的 "跟踪更改 "选项，因为这些更改会出现在发布的版本中。 Research data 研究数据
This journal requires and enables you to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles.
本期刊要求并允许您共享数据，以酌情支持您的研究论文，并允许您将数据与您已发表的文章相互链接。
Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings, which may also include software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.
研究数据是指验证研究成果的观察或实验结果，也可能包括与项目有关的软件、代码、模型、算法、规程、方法和其他有用材料。
Below are a number of ways in which you can associate data with your article or make a statement about the availability of your data when submitting your manuscript. When sharing data in one of these ways, you are expected to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list.
您可以通过以下几种方式将数据与文章相关联，或在投稿时声明数据的可用性。以这些方式共享数据时，您应在稿件和参考文献列表中引用数据。
Please refer to the "References" section for more information about data citation. For more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials, visit the research data page.
有关数据引用的更多信息，请参阅 "参考文献 "部分。有关存放、共享和使用研究数据及其他相关研究资料的更多信息，请访问研究数据页面。
If you have made your research data available in a data repository, you can link your article directly to the dataset.
如果您在数据存储库中提供了研究数据，您可以将文章直接链接到数据集。
Elsevier collaborates with a number of repositories to link articles on ScienceDirect with relevant repositories, giving readers access to underlying data that gives them a better understanding of the research described.
爱思唯尔与许多资料库合作，将 ScienceDirect 上的文章与相关资料库链接起来，使读者能够访问基础数据，从而更好地了解所描述的研究。
There are different ways to link your datasets to your article. When available, you can directly link your dataset to your article by providing the relevant information in the submission system. For more information, visit the database linking page.
将数据集链接到文章的方法有很多种。如果有的话，您可以在投稿系统中提供相关信息，直接将数据集链接到您的文章。更多信息，请访问数据库链接页面。
For supported data repositories a repository banner will automatically appear next to your published article on ScienceDirect.
对于受支持的数据资源库，您在 ScienceDirect 上发表的文章旁边会自动出现一个资源库横幅。
In addition, you can link to relevant data or entities through identifiers within the text of your manuscript, using the following format: Database: xxxx (e.g., TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC: 734053; PDB: 1XFN).
此外，您还可以通过稿件正文中的标识符链接到相关数据或实体，格式如下：数据库：xxxx（例如，TAIR：AT1G01020；CCDC：734053；PDB：1XFN）。
This journal enables you to publish research objects related to your original research – such as data, methods, protocols, software and hardware – as an additional paper in a Research Elements journal.
通过该期刊，您可以在 "研究要素 "期刊上发表与原创研究相关的研究对象（如数据、方法、协议、软件和硬件）作为附加论文。
Research Elements is a suite of peer-reviewed, open access journals which make your research objects findable, accessible and reusable.
Research Elements 是一套经同行评审的开放式期刊，使您的研究对象可查找、可访问、可重复使用。
Articles place research objects into context by providing detailed descriptions of objects and their application, and linking to the associated original research articles. Research Elements articles can be prepared by you, or by one of your collaborators.
文章通过详细描述研究对象及其应用，并链接到相关的原始研究文章，将研究对象置于上下文中。研究要素》文章可以由您自己撰写，也可以由您的合作者撰写。
During submission, you will be alerted to the opportunity to prepare and submit a manuscript to one of the Research Elements journals.
在提交稿件期间，您会收到通知，提醒您有机会准备并向研究要素期刊之一提交稿件。
More information can be found on the Research Elements page.
更多信息请访问研究要素页面。
To foster transparency, we require you to state the availability of your data in your submission if your data is unavailable to access or unsuitable to post. This may also be a requirement of your funding body or institution.
为了提高透明度，如果您的数据无法访问或不适合发布，我们要求您在提交的材料中说明数据的可用性。这也可能是您的资助团体或机构的要求。
You will have the opportunity to provide a data statement during the submission process. The statement will appear with your published article on ScienceDirect. For more information, visit the Data Statement page..
在投稿过程中，您将有机会提供一份数据声明。该声明将与您发表在 ScienceDirect 上的文章一起出现。更多信息，请访问数据声明页面。
After acceptance 接受后
Online proof correction 在线校正To ensure a fast publication process of the article, we kindly ask authors to provide us with their proof corrections within two days. Corresponding authors will receive an e-mail with a link to our online proofing system, allowing annotation and correction of proofs online.
为确保文章快速发表，我们恳请作者在两天内向我们提供校样更正。通讯作者将收到一封电子邮件，内含我们在线校样系统的链接，可在线注释和修改校样。
The environment is similar to MS Word: in addition to editing text, you can also comment on figures/tables and answer questions from the Copy Editor.
使用环境与 MS Word 相似：除了编辑文本外，您还可以对数字/表格发表评论，并回答文案编辑器提出的问题。
Web-based proofing provides a faster and less error-prone process by allowing you to directly type your corrections, eliminating the potential introduction of errors.
网络打样允许您直接输入更正内容，消除了可能出现的错误，从而提供了一个更快、更不易出错的过程。
If preferred, you can still choose to annotate and upload your edits on the PDF version. All instructions for proofing will be given in the e-mail we send to authors, including alternative methods to the online version and PDF.
如果愿意，您仍然可以选择在 PDF 版本上添加注释和上传编辑内容。我们将在发给作者的电子邮件中提供所有校对说明，包括在线版和 PDF 版的替代方法。
We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures.
我们将尽一切努力使您的文章快速、准确地发表。请将此校样仅用于检查文字、表格和数字的排版、编辑、完整性和正确性。
Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent back to us in one communication.
只有在编辑同意的情况下，我们才会在此阶段考虑对已接受发表的文章进行重大修改。请务必将所有修改意见一次性反馈给我们。
Please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.
请在回复前仔细检查，因为无法保证包含任何后续更正。校对工作由您自行负责。 Offprints
The corresponding author will, at no cost, receive a customized Share Link providing 50 days free access to the final published version of the article on ScienceDirect. The Share Link can be used for sharing the article via any communication channel, including email and social media. For an extra charge, paper offprints can be ordered via the offprint order form which is sent once the article is accepted for publication.
通讯作者将免费获得一个定制的共享链接，可在 50 天内免费访问 ScienceDirect 上的文章最终出版版本。共享链接可用于通过任何交流渠道（包括电子邮件和社交媒体）分享文章。如需额外收费，可在文章被接受发表后，通过寄送的非印刷版订购单订购纸质非印刷版。
Corresponding authors who have published their article gold open access do not receive a Share Link as their final published version of the article is available open access on ScienceDirect and can be shared through the article DOI link.
通讯作者发表的金色开放存取文章不会收到 "共享链接"，因为其文章的最终出版版本可在 ScienceDirect 上以开放存取方式获取，并可通过文章 DOI 链接进行共享。
Author inquiries 作者查询
Visit the Elsevier Support Center to find the answers you need. Here you will find everything from Frequently Asked Questions to ways to get in touch.
访问爱思唯尔支持中心，找到您需要的答案。从常见问题到联系方式，这里应有尽有。
You can also check the status of your submitted article or find out when your accepted article will be published.
您还可以查看已提交文章的状态，或了解已录用文章的发表时间。