UPS announced an average net increase of 5.9% for their 2025 General Rate Increase (GRI), once again matching rival FedEx. While the FedEx increases are effective January 6, 2025, the new UPS rates will go into effect two weeks earlier on December 23, 2024.
UPS 宣布 2025 年一般費率上漲 (GRI) 平均淨漲幅為 5.9%，再次與競爭對手聯邦快遞 (FedEx) 持平。聯邦快遞 (FedEx) 的費率上調將於 2025 年 1 月 6 日生效，而新的 UPS 費率將於提前兩週於 2024 年 12 月 23 日生效。
As is always the case with carrier General Rate Increases, which is noted with an asterisk at the bottom of the announcement: “The impact of these changes on your shipping costs will vary according to your shipping characteristics and the terms of your UPS agreement.” Translated, very few shippers will realize an increase equivalent to 5.9%; most will be higher. It’s important you understand how base rate and surcharge increases will impact your 2025 UPS spend.
與承運人一般費率上漲的情況一樣，在公告底部用星號註明：“這些變化對您的運輸成本的影響將根據您的運輸特徵和 UPS 協議條款而有所不同。”換言之，很少托運人會實現相當於 5.9% 的漲幅；大多數會更高。了解基本費率和附加費的增加將如何影響您 2025 年 UPS 支出非常重要。
While it’s impossible to analyze every change, below are some important takeaways for all shippers to note and assess:
雖然不可能分析每一項變化，但以下是所有托運人需要注意和評估的一些重要要點：
1. UPS matches FedEx in raising rates by an average of 5.9%
1. UPS 與 FedEx 相當，平均加價 5.9%
Coming off a very public labor negotiation last year, UPS will continue to face headwinds in 2025 with rising labor costs and the continuation of soft market conditions. UPS admitted losing business during the lengthy negotiation and was negatively impacted by aggressively pursuing low weight, low revenue volume from customers. Raising rates higher than FedEx may have been a good strategy, however the risk of further alienating their existing customers, especially the Small Medium Business customers, was too great.
在經歷了去年一次非常公開的勞資談判後，UPS 將在 2025 年繼續面臨勞動成本上升和市場狀況持續疲軟的不利因素。 UPS 承認在漫長的談判中失去了業務，並因積極追求客戶的低重量、低收入而受到負面影響。提高費率高於聯邦快遞可能是一個不錯的策略，但是進一步疏遠現有客戶，尤其是中小型企業客戶的風險太大了。
To no one’s disbelief, UPS matched FedEx with a 5.9% GRI. For nearly a decade, the carriers set their annual increase at 3.9% or 4.9% but broke that trend in 2022 with a 5.9% increase and then again in 2023 with a record-breaking 6.9% increase. In 2024, they decreased their GRI to 5.9% and maintained this increase for the second straight year. One could speculate that the days of 3.9% – 4.9% increases are long gone and that increases of this size will become the norm for the next several years.
毫無疑問，UPS 的 GRI 與 FedEx 相當，均為 5.9%。近十年來，航空公司將年增長率設定為3.9% 或4.9%，但在2022 年以5.9% 的增長率打破了這一趨勢，並在2023 年再次以破紀錄的6.9% 增長率打破了這一趨勢。 2024 年，他們將 GRI 降低至 5.9%，並連續第二年保持這一成長。人們可以推測，3.9% - 4.9% 成長的日子早已一去不復返了，這種規模的成長將成為未來幾年的常態。
It should be noted that UPS has not announced its 2025 Surepost rates at the time of publishing. Shippers using that service should continue to check here for updated rates.
值得注意的是，截至本文發佈時，UPS 尚未公佈 2025 年 Surepost 費率。使用該服務的托運人應繼續在此處查看更新的費率。
2. Look for unannounced, hidden cost increases
2.尋找未宣布的、隱藏的成本增加
In UPS’s announcement, it was noted that the list of ZIP Codes to which Area Surcharges apply will change, and the list of ZIP Codes aligned to certain zones will change. Most shippers will not have the immediate ability to analyze these zip code changes, which has the potential to be a sneaky way for UPS to increase yield. For example, if the number of ZIP codes hitting Area Surcharge increases overall, shippers will see rates increasing. It will be interesting to see how much the net population is affected by these DAS ZIP Code changes. Likewise, if the number of ZIP codes aligned to Zones 2 and 3 shrinks, turning those shipments into higher zone shipments, shippers will again unknowingly see rates increase.
UPS 在公告中指出，適用區域附加費的郵遞區號清單將會發生變化，與某些區域一致的郵遞區號清單也將發生變化。大多數托運人無法立即分析這些郵遞區號的變化，這有可能成為 UPS 提高產量的一種偷偷摸摸的方式。例如，如果徵收區域附加費的郵遞區號數量總體增加，托運人將看到費率上漲。看看這些 DAS 郵遞區號變化對淨人口有多大影響將會很有趣。同樣，如果與區域 2 和區域 3 一致的郵遞區號數量減少，將這些貨件轉為更高區域的貨件，托運人將再次在不知不覺中看到費率上漲。
3. Rate increases are similar across most weight breaks, but longer zone shippers will see higher increases
3.大多數重量休息的費率上漲相似，但較長區域的托運人會看到更高的上漲
As illustrated by the following charts, all services will see rate increases across all weight breaks with increases at or above the announced average net increase of 5.9%.
如下圖所示，所有服務在所有減重期間的費率都會上漲，漲幅達到或高於宣布的平均淨漲幅 5.9%。
As you can see in Chart One below, 2nd Day Air and Ground Residential shippers will see the largest increases across all weight breaks. Meanwhile, lighter weight Ground Commercial shippers will see the slowest rise in rates next year.
正如您在下面的圖一中看到的那樣，第二天的空運和地面住宅托運人將看到所有減重中最大的增幅。同時，重量較輕的地面商業托運人明年的費率漲幅將最慢。
Chart 1. Click to Zoom
圖 1. 點選放大
As you can see below, like 2024 UPS has kept the shorter Zones (2-4) more in line with the announced average increase of 5.9%, likely because of the ever-increasing popularity of regional carriers. Also, for the second year in a row 2nd Day Air Zones 5-8 are taking a significant rate increase above 7%. This could be in response to FedEx’s One Rate service which put significant downward pressure on UPS 2nd Day Air revenue and profits.
如下圖所示，像 2024 年一樣，UPS 將較短的區域 (2-4) 保持在更符合宣布的 5.9% 平均增幅的水平，這可能是因為區域承運商越來越受歡迎。此外，連續第二年 5 至 8 號區域的2日飛行費率顯著增長至 7% 以上。這可能是為了應對聯邦快遞的單一費率服務，該服務給 UPS 2 nd Day Air 的收入和利潤帶來了巨大的下行壓力。
Chart 2: Click to Zoom
圖2：點擊放大
4. Can’t forget the effect of Minimum Charges
4.不能忘記最低收費的影響
For shippers with existing discounts, the minimum charge, or floor price, go hand in hand with the rate increase. The floor price gives additional protection to UPS from any discounts they have already conceded. For example, say you have a 100% discount but negotiated no minimum discount. You will pay the greater of the Net Shipping Charge or the Minimum Shipping Charge. In this example, you will pay the minimum charge of $11.32 for a ground shipment in 2025 verse $10.70 in 2024: 5.79% higher. Yearly minimum charge increases can have a dramatic impact on your shipping costs.
對於現有折扣的托運人，最低費用或底價與費率上漲同時進行。底價為 UPS 提供了額外的保護，使其免受他們已經承認的任何折扣的影響。例如，假設您有 100% 的折扣，但沒有協商最低折扣。您將支付淨運費或最低運費中的較高者。在此範例中，您將在 2025 年為陸運支付最低費用 11.32 美元，而 2024 年為 10.70 美元：高出 5.79%。每年最低費用的增加會對您的運輸成本產生巨大影響。
Interestingly, UPS did not raise their minimum charges above the announced 5.9% increase, breaking their long-standing strategy of capitalizing on significant revenue growth through minimum charge increases. Again, this is most likely to remain competitive with alternative carriers in the market.
有趣的是，UPS 並未將最低收費提高至高於宣布的 5.9%，這打破了其透過提高最低收費來實現收入顯著增長的長期策略。同樣，這最有可能與市場上的其他業者保持競爭力。
Chart 3: Click to Zoom
圖3：點擊放大
5. Almost all common surcharges will increase significantly more than the 5.9% GRI
5.幾乎所有常見附加費的漲幅均會顯著超過5.9%的GRI
Don’t get fooled by the headlines! Very few shippers will realize an increase equivalent to 5.9%; most will be higher. If you are not careful, you can blow your parcel budgets with this thinking because the annual GRI announcement does not limit surcharges to the 5.9% rate increase. Again, this year, the most common surcharges will increase significantly higher than 5.9% (See Table Two below) and, depending on your specific profile, may be extremely detrimental to your parcel pricing. Considering surcharges make up between 20% and 40% of a shipper’s annual spend, it’s critical you understand the impact of these increases.
不要被標題迷惑！很少托運人會實現相當於 5.9% 的漲幅；大多數會更高。如果您不小心，您可能會因為這種想法而超出您的包裹預算，因為年度 GRI 公告並未將附加費限制在 5.9% 的增幅。同樣，今年最常見的附加費將大幅上漲至 5.9% 以上（請參閱下表二），根據您的具體情況，可能會對您的包裹定價極為不利。考慮到附加費佔托運人年度支出的 20% 到 40%，了解這些增加的影響至關重要。
Shippers of large packages will be severely impacted with the 2025 increase. Additional Handling and Large Package Surcharges are increasing over 26.5% on average and in addition, UPS announced new methods for determining Large Package Surcharge and Additional Handling Charge.
2025 年價格上漲將嚴重影響大型包裹的托運人。額外搬運費和大包裹附加費平均增加超過 26.5%，此外，UPS 也宣布了確定大包裹附加費和額外搬運費的新方法。
While the exact details have not been released, Large Package Surcharge will now be determined using a revised calculation based either on length, weight or cubic volume of shipments. Currently a package is considered a “Large Package” when its length (longest side of the package) plus girth [(2 x width) + (2 x height)] combined exceeds 130 inches or its length exceeds 96 inches. This change is very similar to how UPS currently determines their Additional Handling Charge by either Weight, Length or Girth.
雖然具體細節尚未公佈，但大包裹附加費現在將根據貨件的長度、重量或立方體積使用修訂後的計算確定。目前，當包裹的長度（包裹的最長邊）加上週長 [(2 x 寬度) + (2 x 高度)] 總和超過 130 英寸或長度超過 96 英寸時，即被視為“大包裹”。這項變更與 UPS 目前根據重量、長度或週長確定額外搬運費的方式非常相似。
Additional Handling Charge: Length plus girth definition will be replaced by a cubic volume definition to determine applicability. In addition, a minimum billable weight of 40 lbs. has been introduced for packages that qualify for Additional Handling: Length plus girth (dimensions). The exact details have not been released.
額外處理費：長度加週長定義將替換為立方體積定義以確定適用性。此外，最小計費重量為 40 磅。已針對符合附加處理資格的包裹引入：長度加週長（尺寸）。確切的細節尚未公佈。
UPS also announced the addition of a new surcharge for customers who want to pay their invoices by credit card. This new surcharge will go into effect October 26, 2024 and will equal 2% of the total amount paid via credit card. This new surcharge will effectively negate 2% of any savings you have negotiated with UPS if paying by credit card.
UPS 也宣布為希望透過信用卡支付發票的客戶增加一項新的附加費。這項新附加費將於 2024 年 10 月 26 日生效，相當於透過信用卡支付總額的 2%。如果您使用信用卡付款，這項新附加費將有效抵銷您與 UPS 協商的任何節省額的 2%。
UPS often calls surcharges “levers” that can be used to drive revenue to meet investors’ expectations. Remember, though, as these charges increase dramatically year over year, UPS is opening the door for you to initiate negotiations to mitigate these increases.
UPS 通常將附加費稱為“槓桿”，可以用來增加收入以滿足投資者的期望。但請記住，隨著這些費用逐年急劇增加，UPS 為您開啟談判之門，以減輕這些費用的增加。
Chart 4: Click to Zoom
圖4：點擊放大
6. How does UPS’s GRI announcement compare to FedEx?
6. UPS 的 GRI 公告與 FedEx 相比如何？
As has been the case over the past decade or so, the oligopolistic nature of both UPS and FedEx pricing will continue into 2025. As you can see in the charts below, the differences between the two carriers’ most common services and surcharges vary slightly with FedEx having a slight advantage over UPS in the lighter weight Ground packages and the Residential surcharge. However, one thing to remember is UPS implemented a 40 lbs minimum billable weight for Additional Handling which is a significant price advantage for FedEx if they are willing to accept a larger influx of those shipments in their network.
與過去十年左右的情況一樣，UPS 和 FedEx 定價的寡占性質將持續到 2025 年。重量較輕的地麵包裹和住宅附加費方面比UPS 稍有優勢。然而，需要記住的一件事是，UPS 對額外處理實施了40 磅的最低計費重量，如果FedEx 願意接受更多的貨物湧入其網絡，這對於FedEx 來說是一個顯著的價格優勢。
Comparison of base pricing:
基本定價比較：
Chart 5: Click to Zoom
圖5：點擊放大
Comparison of surcharge pricing:
附加費定價比較：
Chart 6: Click to Zoom
圖6：點選縮放
What can shippers do? 托運人可以做什麼？
- Know your data and your specific shipping profile. That is the only way to fully analyze how these increases will impact you.
了解您的資料和特定的運送資料。這是充分分析這些增加將如何影響您的唯一方法。 - Engage multiple carriers. Regional carriers are becoming increasingly viable for almost all shippers and often offer extremely competitive rates. It’s been a year since OnTrac and Lasership merged offering coverage to over 70% of the population. GLS, and others, continue their expansion, while the USPS offers many competitive programs that can fit most shippers’ needs.
參與多個載體。幾乎所有托運人的區域運營商都變得越來越可行，並且經常提供極具競爭力的速度。自從OnTrac和Lasoper合併提供覆蓋範圍以來已有70％以上人口以來已經一年了。 GLS和其他人繼續擴展，而USPS提供了許多競爭計劃，可以滿足大多數托運人的需求。 - Negotiate! With large increases and the introduction of new charges, the carriers are opening the door for you to lobby them for relief.
談判！隨著大幅增加和引入新的指控，承運人正在為您遊說他們以緩解。
In summary, while UPS’s announced an average net GRI of 5.9%, shippers should still anticipate a double-digit price increase after factoring in all surcharge increases. Now more than ever, it is time for you to reach out to your carrier to discuss mitigation tactics. The key is to make sure you have a complete understanding of the impact of annual increases. Whether you have an in-house expert or partner with a consultancy, these increases can’t be ignored. Your budget is at stake, and you owe your organization the chance to have an informed negotiation with your carrier.
總而言之，儘管UPS宣布的平均淨GRI為5.9％，但在考慮所有附加費增加後，托運人仍應預期增加兩位數的價格。現在，比以往任何時候都比以往任何時候都該與您的運營商聯繫討論緩解策略了。關鍵是要確保您完全了解年度增加的影響。無論您是內部專家還是與顧問公司的合作夥伴，這些增加都無法忽略。您的預算受到威脅，您應該有機會與您的承運人進行知情的談判。
Interested in a complimentary UPS GRI Impact Analysis? Contact us here.
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