In this session we will
在本次会议中，我们将

Discuss the circumstances and reasoning that can lead to overuse or misuse of generative AI for assignments
讨论可能导致过度使用或误用生成式 AI 进行作业的情况和原因

Ensure that we are familiar with the university and your department’s guidelines for AI use
确保我们熟悉大学和您所在部门的 AI 使用指南

Identify some strategies for using AI tools to assist with paraphrasing, and ensure these paraphrases are acceptable
确定一些使用 AI 工具协助释义的策略，并确保这些释义是可以接受的

Warmer Discussion
更热烈的讨论

Discuss these questions with a partner:
与合作伙伴讨论这些问题：

Is it ethical/permitted to use AI-generated text in an assignment?
在作业中使用 AI 生成的文本是否合乎道德/允许？

Why do you think many writers do this, or are tempted to do this, when they should not?
你认为为什么许多作家会这样做，或者很想这样做，而他们不应该这样做？

Task 1: Understanding the Guidance
任务 1：了解指南

Go to the University of Birmingham’s (2024) web page: ‘Student Guidance on using GAI tools ethically for Academic Study’¹. 
前往伯明翰大学 （2024） 网页：“以合乎道德的方式使用 GAI 工具进行学术研究的学生指南”1。 

Take 3 minutes to skim the guidance. Use these tips on working with digital texts:
请花 3 分钟时间浏览指南。使用以下提示来处理数字文本： 

Scroll once quickly from beginning to end, to understand the length and structure of the web page
从头到尾快速滚动一次，以了解网页的长度和结构 

Use subheadings and focus your attention on the most relevant parts for your purpose
使用副标题并将注意力集中在与您的目的最相关的部分 

Discuss these questions:
讨论这些问题：

Did you already know that unethical use of AI can be considered plagiarism?
您是否已经知道不道德地使用 AI 可以被视为抄袭？

Do you already use AI in any of the ways that the guidance permits?
您是否已经以指南允许的任何方式使用 AI？

What is the most important/surprising piece of information for you on this page?
在这个页面上，对您来说最重要/最令人惊讶的信息是什么？

Task 2: Understanding the risks
任务 2：了解风险

The Student Guidance page has risks categorised under the following 7 headings:
学生指导页面的风险分为以下 7 个标题：

Inaccuracy and misrepresentation of information
信息不准确和虚假陈述

Inability to demonstrate higher order skills such as creative and critical thinking
无法展示高阶技能，例如创造性和批判性思维

Bias
偏见

Privacy and data considerations
隐私和数据注意事项

Copyright
版权

Exploitation
开发

Plagiarism
剽窃

Match the subheadings (1-7) with the guidance (A-G, below). A-G are adapted from the student guidance page that you have been looking at.
将副标题 （1-7） 与指南（下面的 A-G）相匹配。A-G 改编自您一直在查看的学生指导页面。

It’s advisable to remove any identifiable information about yourself or other people from work you submit into a Generative AI tool.
建议从您提交到 Generative AI 工具的工作中删除有关您自己或其他人的任何身份信息。

It’s important to be aware of the process by which generative AI tools are built and how these can present ethical issues. For example, there are claims² that developers have outsourced data labelling to low-wage workers in poor conditions.
了解生成式 AI 工具的构建过程以及这些工具如何带来道德问题非常重要。例如，有权利^{要求 2} 开发人员将数据标签外包给条件恶劣的低薪工人。

It is important to understand that the information provided by Generative AI may not always be reliable or up to date.
重要的是要了解生成式 AI 提供的信息可能并不总是可靠或最新的。

For most Generative AI tools, by uploading your work you grant to providers the right to use it however they want, and this may include sharing it with other people.
对于大多数生成式 AI 工具，上传您的作品即表示您授予提供商以他们想要的方式使用它的权利，这可能包括与其他人共享。

Generative AI is only able to generate responses based on the information it has been trained on and the datasets it has access to. Therefore, if the dataset has bias within it, it is likely to be transferred to the information generated. This means biases, stereotypes, and an over-reliance on a Western perspective can be passed on if careful analysis is not given to the information it produces.
生成式 AI 只能根据它所训练的信息和它可以访问的数据集来生成响应。因此，如果数据集内部存在偏差，则很可能会转移到生成的信息中。这意味着如果不仔细分析它产生的信息，偏见、刻板印象和对西方视角的过度依赖就会被传递出去。

The misuse of Generative AI tools in assessment, such as improper referencing or non-acknowledgement of use, will be dealt with in-line with the University’s Code of Practice. It is also very important that you do not use these tools in assessment unless given explicit permission to do so. This is about ensuring that what you submit for assessment is your own work.
在评估中滥用生成式 AI 工具，例如不当引用或不确认使用，将根据大学的实践守则进行处理。同样非常重要的一点是，除非获得明确许可，否则不要在评估中使用这些工具。这是为了确保您提交的评估是您自己的作品。

Your assessment is likely to be geared towards assessing your ability to think critically and creatively, which are skills Generative AI tools currently struggle to replicate. They can synthesise information but are less able to analyse and evaluate the information presented. Weighing up research and presenting a coherent argument that is backed-up with evidence is a very human skill and consequently you cannot rely on Generative AI to do this for you.
您的评估可能旨在评估您的批判性和创造性思考能力，而这些技能是生成式 AI 工具目前难以复制的技能。他们可以综合信息，但分析和评估所呈现的信息的能力较差。权衡研究并提出有证据支持的连贯论点是一项非常人性化的技能，因此您不能依靠生成式 AI 为您做这件事。

Task 3: Paraphrasing effectively¹
任务 3：有效释义¹

A student writing an assignment about plagiarism decides to paraphrase the following text taken from the University of Birmingham website using an online paraphrasing tool.
一名学生写了一份关于剽窃的作业，他决定使用在线释义工具改写以下摘自伯明翰大学网站的文字。

Original text:
原文：

New technologies can create additional opportunities for plagiarism, whether intended or not, and students should be aware that the use of external sources, such as emerging AI chatbots, would be considered unacceptable.
新技术可能会为剽窃创造额外的机会，无论是否有意，学生应该意识到，使用外部资源，例如新兴的 AI 聊天机器人，将被视为不可接受的。

Source University of Birmingham (2023) Guidance on plagiarism for students. [Online] Available at https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/as/registry/policy/conduct/plagiarism/guidance-students.aspx [Accessed 16 May 2023].
资料来源：伯明翰大学 （2023） 学生剽窃指南。[在线]可在 https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/as/registry/policy/conduct/plagiarism/guidance-students.aspx [2023 年 5 月 16 日访问]。

1) Discuss these questions:
1） 讨论这些问题：

What are the limitations of the AI generated text (Paraphrase A)?
AI 生成的文本（释义 A）有哪些限制？

Has the student adapted this successfully in their first draft (Paraphrase B)? Why/Why not?
学生在他们的初稿中是否成功地适应了这一点（释义 B）？为什么/为什么不？

What about the final draft (Paraphrase C)?
最终草稿（释义 C）呢？

Paraphrase A
释义 A

Pupils should be informed that the usage of external sources, such as freshly invented AI chatbots, would be regarded inappropriate. New technologies might present extra chances for plagiarism, whether it is planned or inadvertently.
应告知学生，使用外部资源（例如新发明的 AI 聊天机器人）将被视为不适当。新技术可能会带来额外的抄袭机会，无论是有计划的还是无意的。

Paraphrase B
释义 B

Students should be informed that the usage of external sources, such as newly developed AI chatbots, would be regarded inappropriate. New technologies might present extra chances for plagiarism, whether intentional or not (University of Birmingham, 2023).
应告知学生，使用外部资源（例如新开发的 AI 聊天机器人）将被视为不适当。新技术可能会带来额外的抄袭机会，无论是否有意（伯明翰大学，2023 年）。

Paraphrase C
释义 C

According to the University of Birmingham’s Guidelines (2023), the use of new technologies such as AI chatbots could lead students to plagiarise (either intentionally or unintentionally) and they must remember that using these kinds of sources is not acceptable.
根据伯明翰大学的指导方针（2023 年），使用 AI 聊天机器人等新技术可能会导致学生抄袭（有意或无意），他们必须记住，使用这些类型的来源是不可接受的。

2) How could you improve the text in Paraphrase C by adding a comment about what is mentioned in the original source? Use one of the prompts below and continue the sentence with your own ideas about the fairness or unfairness of the University’s policy on the use of AI.
2） 您如何通过添加对原始来源中提到的内容的评论来改进释义 C 中的文本？使用下面的提示之一，并继续这句话，并提出你自己对大学使用 AI 政策的公平或不公平的看法。

This seems reasonable, because … This seems unreasonable, because …
这似乎是合理的，因为......这似乎不合理，因为 ......

Further Resources:
更多资源：

You can find some useful links to information about plagiarism and paraphrasing below.
您可以在下面找到一些有用的链接，指向有关抄袭和释义的信息。

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/evidence/paraphrase

https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/plagiarism/paraphrasing

https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/as/registry/policy/conduct/plagiarism/index.aspx

You can audit your plagiarism awareness using the Good Academic Practice Checklist on Canvas where you will also find 2 short guides to help you.
您可以使用 Canvas 上的良好学术实践清单来审核您的抄袭意识，您还可以在其中找到 2 个简短的指南来帮助您。