Guitar Care and Maintenance Guide
吉他保养与维护指南
Guitar care and guitar maintenance
吉他保养与维护
In this guide, we will discuss guitar care and guitar maintenance for your acoustic or electric guitar. You’ll learn how to keep your guitar safe during temperature and weather changes, as well as looking good and sounding great. Follow each of the sections below to get started.
在本指南中，我们将讨论原声吉他或电吉他的保养和维护。您将了解如何在温度和天气变化期间确保吉他的安全，以及如何让它外观良好、声音出色。请按照以下每个部分开始。
How to store a guitar
如何存放吉他
Keeping your guitar safe and in excellent playing condition is all about what you do with it when you’re not playing it. It sounds strange but it’s true. Keeping it in a safe location like its case and maintaining the proper humidity level where it’s stored are all key for proper guitar care.
在不弹奏吉他时，如何处置它决定了能否保证吉他的安全以及良好的弹奏状态。这听起来很奇怪，但却是事实。将其放在安全的地方，比如琴盒中，并保持存放处的 适当湿度，这些都是妥善保养吉他的关键。
Keep your guitar in a case
把你的吉他放在琴盒里
If a guitar isn’t being played, it probably belongs in a guitar case. That’s the best way to ensure its safety while you’re not playing it. Guitars look great on a stand, but if knocked over, there’s more at stake than just a ding or dent. If you choose to store your guitar(s) on a stand or wall hanger, make sure that the room’s humidity is closely monitored. Controlling the environment within a guitar case is much easier to maintain and recommended.
如果吉他不弹，它可能应该放在一个吉他盒里。这是在您不弹奏时确保其安全的最佳方式。吉他放在支架上看起来很棒，但如果被撞倒，面临的风险可不只是一个凹痕或划痕。如果您选择将吉他存放在支架或壁挂架上，请确保密切监测房间的湿度。控制吉他盒内的环境更容易维护，也更推荐。
Dramatic temperature changes
剧烈的温度变化
Guitars are also subject to temperature changes, especially when traveling. Dramatic leaps in temperature over a short period can damage or warp parts of the instrument. Don’t leave a guitar in the heat or cold for too long. If you do, bring it into the new environment and allow as much time as possible to adjust before removing it from the case. Consider unlocking the guitar case and cracking it open to speed up the process.
吉他也会受到温度变化的影响，尤其是在旅行时。短时间内温度的急剧变化可能会损坏或扭曲乐器的部件。不要将吉他长时间置于高温或低温环境中。如果这样做了，将其带入新环境，并在从琴盒中取出之前留出尽可能多的时间来适应。考虑解锁吉他盒并稍微打开以加快这一过程。
Maintain consistent humidity
保持恒定的湿度
A very easy and also incredibly important tip for guitar care is properly humidifying; especially for acoustic guitars. The best investment you can make with your new instrument is not a new set of guitar strings or fancy guitar strap. It’s a humidification system that will ensure that your guitar is kept at a constant 45% – 50% humidity level. Failure to do this will result in cracks, sharp fret ends and failed bridges. Learn more about why proper humidification is so essential to guitar care and maintenance.
对于吉他保养来说，一个非常简单但又极其重要的技巧是适当加湿；特别是对于原声吉他。您为新乐器所能做的最佳投资不是一套新的吉他弦或花哨的吉他背带。而是一个加湿系统，它能确保您的吉他保持在 45％ - 50％的恒定湿度水平。如果不这样做，将会导致裂缝、尖锐的品丝末端和琴桥损坏。了解更多关于为什么适当加湿对吉他的保养和维护如此重要的信息。
Set up a guitar 设置一把吉他
Guitar maintenance often includes the need to be set up to maintain their playability. Climates with frequently changing weather will require adjustments more often. Check out our guitar setup guide for more information about setting up your electric guitar.
吉他的维护通常包括需要进行设置以保持其可玩性。天气频繁变化的气候将需要更频繁地进行调整。查看我们的吉他设置指南，以获取有关 设置您的电吉他 的更多信息。
How to clean a guitar
如何清洁吉他
Another tip for guitar care is regularly cleaning your guitar. Cleaning not only keeps it shiny and new, but it can also prolong the life of your strings and prevent your hardware from tarnishing or prematurely aging. Here are some can’t-go wrong solutions to keeping your guitar clean and polished.
吉他保养的另一个小贴士是定期清洁吉他。清洁不仅能让它保持光亮如新，还能延长琴弦的使用寿命，防止硬件失去光泽或过早老化。这里有一些万无一失的方法来保持你的吉他干净光亮。
Daily guitar cleaning practices
日常吉他清洁做法
Proper guitar care also includes cleaning your guitar daily. Wash your hands before playing. Our hands are covered in a lot of dirt, oils, and sweat, but our guitars don’t have to be. So for guitar maintenance, washing your hands before playing can help keep your guitar safe from the dirty things that we’re exposed to throughout the day.
正确的吉他保养还包括每天清洁吉他。演奏前要洗手。我们的手沾满了大量的污垢、油脂和汗水，但我们的吉他不必如此。因此，对于吉他的维护，演奏前洗手有助于保护吉他免受我们一整天接触到的脏东西的侵害。
Another tip for guitar maintenance, is to wipe off your guitar after playing, too. Before you close up the case and call it a night, it’s a good habit to give it a quick wipe down with a polishing cloth. Pay a little extra attention to the strings and any hardware since that is where your hands spend most of their time. Wiping down your strings will help keep your tone alive, and there is a unique string cleaner to help get the job done.
吉他保养的另一个小贴士是，弹完后也要擦拭吉他。在你合上琴盒结束一天之前，用抛光布快速擦拭一下是个好习惯。多留意琴弦和任何五金部件，因为那是你的手大部分时间接触的地方。擦拭琴弦有助于保持音色，还有一种独特的 琴弦清洁剂 可以帮助完成这项工作。
Cleaning potentiometers 清洁电位器
Debris like dust and sweat will accumulate in potentiometers (knobs) and cause a scratchy sound when used. The good news is that this is a normal phenomenon and is cured by repeatedly turning the pot back and forth until the scratchiness disappears. For better guitar maintenance, there is even DeoxIt spray available for deep cleaning and to maintain performance. If the sound does not go away or have other crackles, a loose input jack may need to be tightened, or the guitar may need to be seen by a technician.
像灰尘和汗水这样的碎屑会在电位器（旋钮）中积聚，使用时会导致刺耳的声音。好消息是，这是正常现象，通过反复来回转动电位器，直到刺耳声消失即可解决。为了更好地保养吉他，甚至还有DeoxIt 喷雾可用于深度清洁和保持性能。如果声音没有消失或有其他噼啪声，可能需要拧紧松动的输入插孔，或者可能需要让技术人员检查吉他。
Fretboard maintenance 指板维护
Giving your guitar’s fretboard a cleaning whenever you change or remove your strings is a good habit for guitar care. There are many fretboard conditioners on the market today, and they all work well to keep your fingerboard hydrated and looking shiny and new. Avoiding fret sprouting, fretboard cracks, or finish damage is as simple as running your fretboard oil down the fingerboard of your guitar and rubbing it in with a polish cloth. Do not use furniture polish or any glass cleaner on a guitar as this will not react well with the finish.
每当您更换或取下琴弦时，清洁吉他的指板是保养吉他的好习惯。如今市场上有许多指板调节剂，它们都能很好地保持指板湿润，使其看起来光亮如新。避免品丝翘起、指板开裂或漆面损坏非常简单，只需将指板油沿着吉他指板涂抹并用抛光布擦拭即可。切勿在吉他上使用家具抛光剂或任何玻璃清洁剂，因为这会对漆面产生不良影响。
Maple fretboards 枫木指板
Warning about maple fretboards: If your guitar has a maple fretboard as many Stratocasters and Telecasters do, you won’t want to use lemon oil or a fretboard conditioner on them. These are most often finished over and it’s only necessary to wipe them down with a microfiber cloth and maybe a small amount of guitar polish. Check out our article on how to clean maple fretboards for more information!
关于枫木指板的警告：如果您的吉他像许多 Stratocaster 和 Telecaster 那样有枫木指板，您不会想在上面使用柠檬油或指板护理剂。这些通常都有表面处理，只需要用微纤维布擦拭，也许再用少量的吉他抛光剂。查看我们关于 如何清洁枫木指板 的文章以获取更多信息！
Polishing the finish 打磨表面
Polishing the finish is excellent guitar care, but before you reach for your guitar polish, be sure you’ve taken the time to remove any dust or fingerprints from the guitar with only your microfiber cloth. Failing to remove hard debris like metal flakes will result in scratches to your beautiful glossy finish. Once you’re confident that any unwanted debris has been removed, spray your cloth with the guitar polish and lightly wipe down the guitar in circular patterns. Be sure to get the back of the neck and headstock while you’re at it, but try not to leave any residue behind.
对漆面进行抛光是出色的吉他保养方式，但在拿起吉他抛光剂之前，请务必先用您的超细纤维布花时间清除吉他上的任何灰尘或指纹。如果未能清除像金属薄片之类的坚硬碎屑，将会导致您漂亮的光泽漆面出现划痕。一旦您确信已清除所有不需要的碎屑，就将吉他抛光剂喷在布上，然后以圆形方式轻轻擦拭吉他。在擦拭时，一定要擦拭琴颈背面和琴头，但尽量不要留下任何残留物。
Satin and matte finishes 缎面和哑光饰面
If your guitar has a natural, matte or satin finish, ditch the polish and wipe the guitar down with a polish cloth for optimal guitar care. These finishes will naturally darken and change wherever your skin makes contact with it, but consider that character and what makes it yours. Wiping your instrument down regularly will help prevent this but should be expected over time with a natural or satin-finished instrument.
如果您的吉他是自然色、哑光或缎面处理的，请勿使用抛光剂，而是用抛光布擦拭吉他，以实现最佳的吉他保养。无论您的皮肤接触到这些表面的何处，它们都会自然变暗和变色，但请将其视为特色以及使它成为您专属的特征。定期擦拭您的乐器将有助于防止这种情况，但对于自然色或缎面处理的乐器，随着时间的推移，这种情况还是可能会发生。
How to change guitar strings
如何更换吉他弦
Changing strings is a skill every guitar player will need to learn at some point, and the effort is well worth it. A new set of strings will often inject new life into a guitar and help maintain the guitar better. How frequently you change strings depends on how often and where the guitar is being played. While many players change strings for every gig, cleaning the strings will usually do the trick. Playability and sound are two qualities that will vary based on your brand and string gauge selection. Check out the guides below for more information about selecting and installing the right strings for your guitar.
更换琴弦是每个吉他手在某个时候都需要学习的技能，而且这种努力是非常值得的。一套新的琴弦通常会为吉他注入新的活力，并有助于更好地保养吉他。您更换琴弦的频率取决于吉他的演奏频率和演奏地点。虽然许多演奏者每次演出都会更换琴弦，但清洁琴弦通常也能解决问题。可演奏性和声音是两个会因您选择的品牌和琴弦规格而异的品质。查看下面的指南，了解有关为您的吉他选择和安装正确琴弦的更多信息。
We encourage you to try out as many sets of strings as it takes to find the perfect one for you, but be aware that moving up or down in string gauge will affect the guitar’s setup. Because different gauges will add or relieve tension to the neck, you’ll need to fine-tune some adjustments to your relief, action, and intonation when making this adjustment. Learn more about how to make these adjustments in our electric guitar setup guides.
我们鼓励您尝试尽可能多的琴弦组，以找到最适合您的，但要注意，改变琴弦规格会影响吉他的设置。因为不同的规格会增加或减轻琴颈的张力，在进行此调整时，您需要对琴颈的弯曲度、弦距和音准进行微调。在我们的电吉他设置指南中了解更多关于如何进行这些调整的信息。
Clean strings instead 清洁字符串 而不是
Many situations require a new set of strings, but some don’t. If your strings are just a little dirty, you can make them sound newer by cleaning them. Check out our guitar string cleaning guide for more information.
许多情况下需要一套新的琴弦，但有些情况则不需要。如果您的琴弦只是有点脏，您可以通过清洁让它们听起来更新。查看我们的 吉他弦清洁指南 以获取更多信息。
Why people change guitar strings:
人们更换吉他弦的原因：
- Replace a broken string 更换断弦
- Replacing an aged or dirty set
更换老化或肮脏的一套 - Change playability (tension/feel)
改变可玩性 (张力/感觉) - Acheive a specific sound or tuning
达到特定的声音或调谐
Signs that it’s time for new strings:
是时候更换琴弦的迹象：
- Tuning instability 调谐不稳定性
- Loss of tone or sustain
音调损失或持续 - Buildup or grim on the strings
琴弦上的堆积或阴沉
Related content 相关内容
Additional resources 额外资源
How To Setup Your Electric Guitar Part 1: Adjusting the Truss Rod
如何设置您的电吉他 第 1 部分：调整琴颈调节杆
How To Setup Your Electric Guitar Part 2: Setting Action
如何设置您的电吉他（第 2 部分）：设置动作
How To Setup Your Electric Guitar Part 3: Intonation
如何设置您的电吉他 第 3 部分：音准
Solving Guitar Noise, Buzz and Hum
解决吉他的噪音、嗡嗡声和哼声
How to Clean Guitar Strings
如何清洁吉他弦
How To Change Electric Guitar Strings
如何更换电吉他弦
How to Change Strings on a Bass
如何更换贝斯弦
How to String a Classical Guitar
如何给古典吉他装弦
How to Restring a Floyd Rose
如何重新装弦 Floyd Rose
3 Ways to Make Your Acoustic Guitar Sound Better
让原声吉他音色更佳的 3 种方法
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