28 The dreamjourney
28梦境之旅

The other reality that must be acknowledged is that the authors of this
必须承认的另一个现实是，这本书的作者都是男性，而且

book are male,and males of a particular generation and class.In the chap- ter titled“The daimon within,”one of the authors has described adverse experiences with women in his life.Might these cultural roles and past experiences cause bias?Of course,the answer is yes.We must strive to become aware and vigilant regarding our own biases and to remember that the symbolic world is not the real world,though the real (i.e.,external)and symbolic worlds interact in significant and meaningful ways.
是特定时代和阶级的男性。在题为“内心的守护神”的一章中，其中一位作者描述了与女性的不愉快经历。这些文化角色和过去的经历会导致偏见吗？当然，答案是肯定的。我们必须努力意识到并警惕我们自己的偏见，并记住，这个象征性的世界并不是真实的世界，尽管现实（即，外部）与象征性世界在重要且有意义的方式上相互作用。

Anais Nin's dream
阿奈斯·宁的梦想

In Nin's dream,she finds herself humiliated and forced to crawl.She is put into smaller and smaller boxes,compartmentalized.Her full self cannot grow and express itself.She was perhaps bound by societal expectations of her time and by the roles imposed on her.She tried to crawl throughand out of those tunnels or roles.On the surface,her life was one of great freedom from societal restrictions:two husbands and many lovers,both male and female.Yet,this Hetaira role was limiting in its own way.She was an object of desire but felt lonely and unloved,asher extensive diariesreveal.She probably adopted this Hetaira role as a reaction to the abuse and exploit
在忍的梦中，她发现自己被羞辱并被迫爬行。她被放入越来越小的盒子里，被分割成一个个小格子。她的完整自我无法成长和表达。她或许被她那个时代的社会期望和强加给她的角色所束缚。她试图爬过并摆脱那些隧道或角色。在表面上，她的生活是一种从社会限制中获得极大自由的状态：两位丈夫和众多情人，无论男性还是女性。然而，这种赫泰拉角色在某种程度上限制了自己。她是一个欲望的对象，但感到孤独和不被爱，她的广泛日记揭示了这一点。她可能采取了这种赫泰拉角色作为对虐待和剥削的反应

suggests birth.Nin is struggling to rebirth herself,outside of the images ha bind her.Perhaps we can learn from her and be born to a new understanding of gender.Dreams may offer guidance in this journey
暗示着重生。Nin 正在努力重生自己，摆脱束缚她的形象。也许我们可以从她身上学到，以一种新的性别理解诞生。梦境可能在这段旅程中提供指引.

References
参考文献

Domhofl,G.W.(2005).The dreams of men and women:Paterns ofgendersiml
Domhofl，G.W.（2005 年）。男性和女性的梦境：性别模式的研究

ties and diferences.htp//drcamrescarch.net/Library/domhol_2005c.html Moore,R.A,&Douglas.G.(1990).King.warrior,magician,lover:Rediscowrl the archelypes of the mature masculine.HarperCollins.

Nin,A.(1969).The diaries of AnaisNin,1944-1947.HarperCollins Williams.W.(1986).The spirit and the fesh.Beacon Press.

Wolf,T.(1956).The struchral Jorms ofthe female psyche.C.G.Jung Institute

4 Befriending your dreams

The anthropologist Loren Eiseley described a dream which depicted her hesitancy to encounter her unconscious."The dream was of a blured bear- like shape emerging from the snow against the window.It pounded on the glassand beckoned importunately toward the forest.I struggled against the import of that message.”The dream continued,more clearly,“Suddenly I lifted the telephone beside my bed,and through the receiver came a mes- sage as cryptic as the message from the snow...the voice I heard,a long way off,was my own voicein childhood.Iam sorryto have troubled you.. lam sorry to have troubled you atall.”(Eiseley,i978).
人类学家洛伦艾斯利描述了一个描绘她对潜意识接触的犹豫的梦。“这个梦是关于一个模糊的熊似的形状从雪中对着窗户出现。它敲打着玻璃并向森林急切地招手。我挣扎着抵抗那条信息的重要性。”梦继续着，更清晰地，“突然我拿起床边的电话，通过听筒传来一条信息像从雪中传来的信息一样神秘...我听到的声音，从远处传来，是我童年的回声。我很抱歉给你添了麻烦……我真的很抱歉给你带来了困扰。”（艾斯利，1978 年）。

Encountering thedream
邂逅梦境

To understand the meaning of dreams,you need to move,comfortably and gracefully,from the language of science to the metaphorical language of poets and mystics.In this chapter,we will ask you to think like a poet.Sus- pend whatever you believe about dreams and try to think of them as wise messages from deep within.These messagesmust be nurtured.The source of these messages,the dream maker within us,needs to know that we are ready to listen.Dreams can be friends,teachersand mentorsif we pay atten-
为了理解梦的含义，你需要自如地从科学的语言过渡到诗人和神秘主义者的隐喻语言。在本章中，我们将邀请你像诗人一样思考。暂且放下你对梦境的一切看法，尝试将它们视作来自内心深处的智慧信息。这些信息必须得到滋养。这些信息的源头，我们内心的造梦者，需要知道我们已准备好倾听。梦境可以成为我们的朋友、教师和导师，只要我们给予关注。

tion to their wisdom and listen.
对他们智慧和倾听的渴望。

Dreams are like bears,powerful,friendly and dangerous,all at the same time.Dreams are those special friends that boldly tell us the truth about Ourselves.They are gifts from within.
梦想如同熊，强大、友好且危险，同时兼具。梦想是那些勇敢告诉我们关于我们自己真相的特殊朋友。它们是来自内心的礼物。

In the sleep lab,when a subject is awakened during REM sleep,they
在睡眠实验室，当一个受试者在快速眼动睡眠期间被唤醒时，他们

remember a dream about 80%of the time,but,in everyday life,many peo- ple have litle or no recollection of their dreams (Schredl,2018).For one thing.our society may be sleep and dream deprived (Naiman,2006).We sleep too little,and especially we wake up too early.We don't give our- selves enough time to dream.Also,many of us take medications like anti- depressants and sleeping pills,which suppress REM sleep.
记得一个梦关于80%的时间，但，在日常生活中，许多人几乎没有或完全没有记忆关于他们的梦境（Schredl，2018）。对于某一方面，我们的社会可能是睡眠和梦剥夺（Naiman，2006）。我们睡眠太少，并且特别是我们醒来太早。我们不给予自己足够的时间去做梦。此外，我们中的许多人服用药物，如抗抑郁药和安眠药，这些药物会抑制 REM 睡眠。

DOI:10.4324/9781003223474-6

30 The dream journey
30 梦境之旅

Figure 4.1 Twelth-century fresco of a bear:mysterious,powerful and cryptic.The Cloisters Collection,1957.Metropolitan Museum of Art.
图 4.1 十二世纪的壁画一只熊：神秘、强大且隐晦。克罗伊茨收藏，1957 年。大都会博物馆。

Also,the brain must be taught to remember dreams.Unless they are consciously rehearsed,the brain tends to retain dreams in temporary stor- age instead of in long-term memory.Remembering dreams is a skill that requires practice and the proper atitude(Harris,2002).Dreams must be approached with mindful appreciation.Since they can be bizarreand unpleasant at times,it is easy to skeptically dismiss dreams.Like friends,if we stop inviting dreams and ignore them when they do come,they will stop visiting.So,how do we befriend our dreams?
此外，大脑必须被训练以记住梦境。除非它们被有意识地反复回忆，否则大脑往往倾向于将梦境存储在临时存储中，而非在长期记忆中。记住梦境是一项技能，这需要练习和正确的态度（哈里斯，2002 年）。梦境必须以专注的欣赏态度来对待。由于它们可以是奇异且不愉快的有时，这很容易怀疑地忽视梦。就像朋友一样，如果我们停止邀请梦并忽视它们当它们确实出现时，它们会停止造访。那么，我们如何与我们的梦交朋友？

Ten steps
十个步骤

1 Have the right attitude.Honor dreams,respect them and assume that they have a message to tell even if you cannot grasp that meaning
1持有正确的态度。尊重梦，尊敬它们并假设它们有话要说，即使你无法理解那个意义

Befriending your dreams 31
与你的梦交朋友31

2 Make the recollection of dreams a daily ritual.Dreams,even if viv- idly recalled,are easily forgotten.Some people try to write down their dreams when they first wake up.This can work,but many morn- ings the dog is barking,the kids are crying,the boss is calling and the spouse asks a question.By the time we attend to these“urgent” matters,the dream is lost.Some people keep a notepad beside their bed to record their dreams to avoid this problem.We prefer to record dreams on a phone through creating voice memos.Record them either first thing in the morning or upon awakening from a dream. Use your phone without any room lights.Bright light causes an alert- ing response and can make it harder to fall back asleep.Sometimes I am even surprised to find a dream recording on my phone that I had no recollection of
2 将回忆梦境作为日常习惯。梦境，即便被生动地回忆起，也容易遗忘。有些人尝试在刚醒来时写下他们的梦境。这方法可行，但许多早晨，狗在吠叫，孩子在哭闹，老板在打电话，伴侣在提问。等到我们处理完这些“紧急”事务时，梦境已消失无踪。有些人会在床边放一本笔记本记录梦境以避免此问题。我们更倾向于通过手机创建语音备忘录来记录梦境。无论是清晨醒来第一时间还是从梦中醒来时，都可以用手机记录。在无灯光的房间里使用手机。明亮的光线会引发警觉反应，使人更难再次入睡。有时我甚至惊讶地发现手机里有我毫无记忆的梦境录音。.

3 Let the dream percolate in yourmind as you go about your routine.Play with the images,see what thoughts and memories they bring.Don't try to understand the dream,and don't try to reduce its beautiful,artistic language into commonplace truisms.Instead,enter the dream world's unique narrative flow and patterns
3 让梦想在你日常生活的点滴中渗透进你的心灵。玩耍于这些意象之间，看看它们带来了哪些思绪与记忆。不要试图去理解这个梦，也不要试图将其美丽、艺术的语言简化为平凡的真理。相反，进入梦境世界独特的叙事流和模式中。

4 Notice connections between past and present dreams.I have attended a local dream interpretation group for many years.Dreams have their own fingerprints;each group member's dreams have their pattern over time.The same images recur,with interesting variations,and the same plot structures.We never share dreams anonymously,but it would be evident to any group member which dreamer authored the dream image
4注意过去与现在梦境之间的联系。我已经参加一个本地梦境解析小组多年。梦境有它们自己的指纹；每个小组成员的梦境随着时间有其模式。相同的图像反复出现，伴随着有趣的变化，以及相同的情节结构。我们从不匿名分享梦境，但这将显而易见于任何团队成员，谁是那个创作了这个梦境画面

5 Remember that,like any good poem,novel or painting,a dream can mean several things simultaneously.We must hold that ambiguity and find richness instead of doubt and confusion.Explore,rather than try to interpret a dream.Appreciate its richness instead of insisting on a single simple meaning.
5记住，就像任何优秀的诗、小说或画作一样，一个梦境可以同时意味着几件事。我们必须保持这种模糊性并寻找丰富性而非怀疑和混乱。探索，而非试图解释一个梦境。欣赏它的丰富性而非坚持于单一的简单含义。

6 With the guidance of a therapist,consider some advanced techniques, like dialoguing with dream images and characters or “dreaming the dream forward,"that is,extending it in your imagination to enrich and amplify plot elements.We will discuss these advanced techniques in more detail in a laterchapter on active imagination
6在治疗师的指导下，考虑一些高级技巧，例如与梦境中的图像和角色进行对话，或“将梦境继续下去”，即在想象中延伸梦境，丰富并放大情节元素。我们将在后续章节中更详细地讨论这些高级技巧

7 If you are a therapist,remember that it is a meaningful gift when a patient offers a dream in therapy.Value and honor that gift by inter- acting with the dream and taking it seriously.Therapists often cov- ertly discourage discussion of dreams because they feel inadequate in the realm of dream interpretation.They feel like they need to know exactly what the dream means themselves before exploring the dream.You don't need to know what the dream means,but you may
7如果你是一位治疗师，请记住当患者在治疗中分享梦境时，这是一种有意义的礼物。通过与梦境互动并认真对待它，来珍视和尊重这份礼物。治疗师常常隐晦地阻止关于梦境的讨论，因为他们感到在梦境解析领域不够自信。他们感觉像是他们需要去了解确切地什么是梦意味着他们自己在探索这梦之前。你不需要去知道什么是梦意味着，但你可能

32 The dream journey
32 这个梦旅程

gain important insights by talking about the dream and valuing it.You are modeling for yourpatient an open atitude toward the whole inner world
通过谈论梦并重视它，你可以获得重要的洞察。你正在为你的病人树立一个开放的态度

8 Sometimes,dreams are dark and frightening.Suchdreams carry a mes- sage as well and need to be heard and understood.As Richard Rohr advised about spiritual distress,don't panic;go deeper (Rohr,2019). We will explore nightmares in a laterchapter
8有时，梦境是黑暗且令人恐惧的。这类梦境承载着信息——同样需要被倾听并理解。正如理查德·罗尔关于精神困扰的建议，不要恐慌；深入探究（罗尔，2019）。我们将在后续章节中探讨噩梦

9 Practice good sleep habits.Our culture devalues not only dreams,but also sleep.Wesleep too little;we shorten the night with electric lights We wake up too early.The longest periods of REM sleep occur in the early morning hours,after 5 AM.If our alarm goes off at 5:30,we will miss most of that REM sleep.Remember that our ancestors in northern climates faced 16-18 hours of darkness during the winter months.They probably slept for most of that time,perhaps making cave paintings in some REM-like trance
9培养良好睡眠习惯。我们文化贬低不仅梦想，而且也睡眠。我们睡得太少；我们缩短夜晚时间，用电灯照明。我们醒得太早。最长的快速眼动睡眠阶段发生在凌晨5 点之后。如果我们的闹钟在5:30响起，我们将错过大部分快速眼动睡眠。记住，北方气候中的祖先们在冬季面临16-18 小时的黑暗。他们大概睡了大部分时间，或许在梦中创作洞穴壁画，处于类似 REM的恍惚状态

10 Perhaps most importantly,pay attention to the emotional content ofthe dream.When we dream,we process and integrate emotions, so paying attention to the emotional content of a dream helps you understand its message.Exploring who feels what in a dream and why they feel it will help you remember the dream and be in rela- tionshipwith it.
10也许最重要的是，关注梦中的情感内容。当我们做梦时，我们处理并整合情感，因此关注梦中的情感内容有助于你理解其信息。探索梦中谁感受到什么以及为何他们有此感受，将帮助你记住这个梦并与之建立联系。

A colleague of mine grew up in Pakistan.During her childhood,a common question over morning coffee would be,"What did you dream about last night?”We will have to compensate for our culture's neglect of dreams by making special efforts to befriend these nocturnal messengers.We must teach ourselves to dream again.
A一位同事在巴基斯坦长大，童年时期，早晨喝咖啡时常被问到的一个问题是：“你昨晚梦到了什么？”我们必须通过特别努力来结交这些夜间信使，以弥补我们文化对梦境的忽视。我们必须重新学会做梦。

Dreams as invitations for change
梦境作为改变的邀请

When I share my interest in dreams,I usually get two kinds of responses. Some people want to hear more,while others condescendingly say,“most dreams are just nonsense.”What those people do next is always very simi- lar,as if they were reading from the same script.They report an example of a dream that seems to be nonsensical to them.Their example,however,has a patently obvious and transparent meaning to anyone else.
当我分享我对梦境的兴趣时，我通常会得到两种不同的反应。有些人想了解更多，而另一些人则居高临下地说：“大多数梦境不过是胡言乱语。””那些人接下来会做什么是总是非常相似- 的仿佛他们正在从同一本剧本中读取一样他们报告一个例子关于 一个梦这似乎对他们毫无意义但他们的例子，然而，对其他人来说有着显而易见且透明的含义。

My own father is a great example of the second kind of response.My dear father is 100 years old.He has always had troubled relationships with women.The two important women in his life,his mother and his wife (my mother),treated him cruelly,and he had a difficult time assert- ing himself with them,but he idealized them.When I told him that I was
我的亲生父亲就是一个极好的例子，属于第二种反应类型。我的亲爱的父亲已经 100 岁了。他一直与女性有着困扰的关系。他生命中两位重要的女性，他的母亲和他的妻子（我的母亲），对待他非常残忍，他在与她们相处时总是难以坚持自我，但他却理想化了她们。当

Befriending your dreams 33
与你的梦境为友 33

writing this book,he told me that dreams are usually just nonsense."For instance,last night I dreamt that I was mowing the lawn.Someone,either my mother or my wife,was criticizing me for not mowing right.Isn't that just nonsense!"
写作这本书时，他告诉我说梦通常只是胡言乱语。"比如昨晚，我梦到自己在修剪草坪。不知是我母亲还是妻子，在批评我修剪得不对。这难道不是胡说八道吗！"

My father's"meaningless"dream is a succinct summary of the negative way that he experienced women in his life.These two women merge into one image and criticize him.Even now,at the time of"mowing"or harvest at the end of life,these dark figures have powerover him and demean him They are not the actual people;they are the negative aspects of thefeminine that he has internalized.He can't or won't see the dream's meaning,so the dream appears meaningless to him.Thedream,properly understood,might offer him an opportunity to make sense of his own past,but he is not ready to explore the dream and must dismiss it.
我父亲的“无意义”梦想是对他一生中女性负面经历的简洁概括。这两位女性融合成一个形象并批评他。即使现在，在这个“收割”或收获的生命末期，这些阴暗的身影仍对他拥有并贬低他。他们并非真实的人；他们是女性的那些他内化了的负面方面。他无法或不愿理解梦的含义，因此这个梦对他来说显得毫无意义。Thedream，正确理解，可能为他提供了一个理解自己过去的契机，但他尚未准备好探索这个梦，必须放弃它。

The value of understanding dreams is,after all,to change your life.The poet Rilke writes,“...for here there is no place that does not see you.You must change your life.”Change is far more important than understanding. Understanding is what the ego does.Understanding can be very helpful and can lead to change.Understanding can be superficial and intellectual.We can understand many things but never change
理解梦境的价值终究在于改变你的生活。诗人里尔克写道：“……因为这里没有一个地方不注视着你。你必须改变你的生活。”改变远比理解更为重要。理解是自我所为。理解可能非常有帮助，并能引导至改变。理解可能是肤浅且理智的。我们可以理解许多事物，但从未改变

Dreams,because they come from outside the ego,can be powerful vehi- cles for genuine change.They offer a perspective from outside our con- scious mind,with a power that comes from their archetypal nature.Dreams candeepen the ego and confront itstendency toavoid painful truths.Yet,as my father's words show,dreams can be ignored.
梦，因为它们来自外部自我之外，可以成为强大的载体，真正改变的工具。它们提供一个从外部的视角，超越意识心智，其力量源自其原型本质。梦能深化自我并直面其回避痛苦真相的倾向。然而，正如我父亲的话语所示，梦可能被忽视。

The bear and the child
熊与孩子

If you can stay in the poetic mode of thinking,you will see that the dream that begins the chapter is about dreaming and about how lovingly and patiently our deepest self is trying to awaken us to our truth.Eiseley, a prominent anthropologist,reported this dream as part of his journey toward personal growth.The dream first depicts the power of the uncon- scious as a great bear inviting the dreamer to the forest,the traditional settingwhere,in fairy tales,in plays like As You Like It or novels like The
如果你能保持在诗意的思维模式中，你将发现，那开篇的梦境，是关于梦想本身以及关于我们内心最深之处是如何温柔而耐心地试图唤醒我们去认识自己的真相。艾斯勒，一位杰出的 anthropologist，将这个梦境作为他个人成长之旅的一部分进行了报道。The梦首先描绘了潜意识的力量，如同一只巨大的熊，邀请做梦者进入森林，那是传统的故事发生地，无论

Scarlet Letter,the unconscious is free to exert its power over us.In the
红字中的潜意识可以自由地施展其力量于我们

second part of the dream,the dream maker poignantly depicts the uncon- Scious as the dreamer himself,a child that wants to be heard and listened to.Eiseley's bear wants Eiseley to be a deeper and richer person.Dreams are,indeed,the voice of that friend inside us that wants to be heard.Part ofthat inner voice is our childhood selves,our inner potentials that want to be recognized.
第二部分的梦境，梦境制造者深刻地描绘了潜意识作为梦者本身，一个渴望被听见和倾听的孩子。艾斯利的熊希望艾斯利成为一个更深沉和丰富的人。梦境确实是我们内心那位朋友的声音，渴望被听见。Part那部分内在的声音是我们童年的自我，我们内在的潜能那些渴望被认可。