In poetry, a stanza (/ˈstænzə/; from Italian stanza, Italian: [ˈstantsa]; lit. 'room') is a group of lines within a poem, usually set off from others by a blank line or indentation.[1] Stanzas can have regular rhyme and metrical schemes, but they are not required to have either. There are many different forms of stanzas. Some stanzaic forms are simple, such as four-line quatrains. Other forms are more complex, such as the Spenserian stanza. Fixed verse poems, such as sestinas, can be defined by the number and form of their stanzas.
在詩歌中，一節 （ /ˈstænzə/ ;源自義大利語詩節，義大利語： [ˈstantsa] ;lit.room）是一首詩中的一組行，通常由空行或縮進與其他行隔開。[1]節可以有規律的押韻和格律方案，但不需要兩者都有。有許多不同形式的節。一些節形式很簡單，例如四行四行詩。其他形式則更複雜，例如Spenserian節。固定詩歌，例如 sestinas，可以通過其詩節的數量和形式來定義。
The stanza has also been known by terms such as batch, fit, and stave.[2]
該節也以 batch、fit 和 save 等術語而聞名。[2]
The term stanza has a similar meaning to strophe, though strophe sometimes refers to an irregular set of lines, as opposed to regular, rhymed stanzas.[3]
術語 stanza 與 strophe 的含義相似，儘管 strophe 有時是指一組不規則的行，而不是規則的押韻節。[3]
Even though the term "stanza" is taken from Italian, in the Italian language the word "strofa" is more commonly used.
儘管術語 「stanza」 取自義大利語，但在義大利語中，“strofa” 一詞更常用。
In music, groups of lines are typically referred to as verses. The stanza in poetry is analogous with the paragraph in prose: related thoughts are grouped into units.[4]
在音樂中，行組通常稱為詩句。詩歌中的詩節類似於散文中的段落：相關的思想被分組為多個單元。[4]
Example 1
示例 1
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This short poem by Emily Dickinson has two stanzas of four lines each:
艾米莉·狄金森 （Emily Dickinson） 的這首短詩有兩節，每節四行：
I had no time to hate, because
我沒有時間去恨，因為
The grave would hinder me,
墳墓會阻礙我，
And life was not so ample I
而生活並不那麼充實
Could finish enmity.
可以結束敵意。
Nor had I time to love; but since
我也沒有時間去愛;但是由於
Some industry must be,
必須有某個行業，
The little toil of love, I thought,
愛的小辛勞，我想，
was large enough for me.[5]
對我來說已經足夠大了。[5]
Example 2
示例 2
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This poem by Andrew John Young has three stanzas of six lines each:
安德魯·約翰·楊 （Andrew John Young） 的這首詩有三節，每節六行：
Frost called to the water Halt
Frost 被召喚到水邊 停止
And crusted the moist snow with sparkling salt;
用閃閃發光的鹽給潮濕的雪塗上一層痂;
Brooks, their one bridges, stop,
布魯克斯，他們的一座橋，停下來，
And icicles in long stalactites drop.
長長的鐘乳石中的冰柱掉落。
And tench in water-holes
和水潭裡的丁魚
Lurk under gluey glass-like fish in bowls.
潛伏在碗中的膠水玻璃狀魚下。
In the hard-rutted lane
在硬質車轍的小巷中
At every footstep breaks a brittle pane,
每一次腳步聲都會打破一塊脆弱的窗格，
And tinkling trees ice-bound,
叮叮噹噹的樹木被冰封，
Changed into weeping willows, sweep the ground;
化為垂柳，掃地;
Dead boughs take root in ponds
枯枝在池塘里生根
And ferns on windows shoot their ghostly fronds.
窗戶上的蕨類植物會射出它們幽靈般的葉子。
But vainly the fierce frost
但兇猛的霜凍徒勞無功
Interns poor fish, ranks trees in an armed host,
實習貧窮的魚，在武裝主機中對樹木進行排名，
Hangs daggers from house-eaves
在屋簷上掛匕首
And on the windows ferny am bush weaves;
在窗戶上，蕨類灌木叢編織;
In the long war grown warmer
在漫長的戰爭中變得更加溫暖
The sun will strike him dead and strip his armour.[6]
太陽會把他打死，剝去他的盔甲。[6]
References
引用
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- ^ Murfin & Ray, The Bedford Glossary of Critical and Literary Terms, p. 455.
Murfin & Ray，《貝德福德批評和文學術語詞彙表》，第455頁。 - ^ Cuddon, J.A.: A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. ISBN 9781444333275.
Cuddon， J.A.：《文學術語和文學理論詞典》。國際標準書號9781444333275。 - ^ Murfin & Ray, The Bedford Glossary of Critical and Literary Terms, p. 457.
Murfin & Ray，《貝德福德批評和文學術語詞彙表》，第457頁。 - ^ Kirszner & Mandell, Literature Reading, Writing, Reacting, Ch. 18, p. 716.
Kirszner & Mandell，文學閱讀、寫作、反應，第18章，第716頁。 - ^ Dickinson, Emily. "Poems: Three Series, Complete". Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
狄金森，艾米麗。“詩歌：三個系列，完整”。古騰堡計劃。檢索 27 October 2013. - ^ "poem: Hard Frost". Retrieved 8 April 2018.
“詩：嚴寒”。檢索 8 April 2018.
External links
外部連結
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- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 784.
Chisholm， Hugh， ed. （1911 年）。.大英百科全書。第 25 卷（第 11 版）。劍橋大學出版社，第 784 頁。