Unit 3
Data Representation and Commentary
数据表示和评论
An infographic is a way of representing data in different visual forms. In this unit, you will examine the various ways data can be presented. In the online module, the tasks reinforce the skills of graphic representation. In class, your group will have a chance to present your ideas for the infographic and get instructor and peer feedback on your proposed topic. You will continue gathering information and preparing the infographic outside of class. By the end of the unit, you will:
信息图是一种以不同视觉形式表示数据的方式。在本单元中，您将研究数据呈现的各种方式。在在线模块中，这些任务加强了图形表示的技能。在课堂上，您的小组将有机会展示您对信息图的想法，并获得讲师和同行对您提议的主题的反馈。您将在课外继续收集信息并准备信息图。在本单元结束时，您将：
be able to present data graphically and comment on it in writing;
能够以图形方式呈现数据并以书面形式对其进行评论;
be able to make informed choices about the best way to present data;
能够就呈现数据的最佳方式做出明智的选择;
have made progress on your infographic.
在您的信息图上取得了进展。
1: Library Workshop
1： 图书馆工作坊
A university librarian will attend the first hour of class and introduce you to the CityU DG Library’s homepage, resources, and search tools. As our library is very young, most of your research will likely be conducted online, so it is important that you become competent at writing effective search terms and using the databases to find the information you will need to complete your assignments.
大学图书馆员将参加上课的第一个小时，并向你介绍城大图书馆的主页、资源和搜索工具。由于我们的图书馆非常年轻，您的大部分研究可能会在线进行，因此您必须能够编写有效的搜索词并使用数据库查找完成作业所需的信息。
2: Evaluating Sources
2：评估来源
Use the search tools and skills you learned about in the library workshop to identify suitable sources for your infographic. Then, evaluate the sources according to the following criteria:
使用您在图书馆研讨会中学到的搜索工具和技能来确定适合您的信息图的来源。然后，根据以下标准评估来源：
DATE:
Is the source current?
源是最新的吗？
Has it been published within the last 5-10 years?
它在过去 5-10 年内出版过吗？
Is it the most recent information available on the topic?
这是关于该主题的最新信息吗？
AUTHORITY
柄:
What are the authors’ credentials (degrees, university affiliations)
作者的资历是什么（学位、大学隶属关系）
Do the authors have a bias? How can you tell?
作者有偏见吗？你怎么知道呢？
Is the information consistent with other publications or does it disagree with some of them?
该信息是否与其他出版物一致，或者是否与其中一些出版物不一致？
PUBLISHER:
Is it a newspaper? A personal blog? A magazine? Does it matter?!
是报纸吗？个人博客？杂志？这重要吗？！
Is it a peer-reviewed journal?
它是同行评审的期刊吗？
Is it a reputable journal? (Nature, Science, IEEE, etc.)
这是一本有信誉的期刊吗？（自然、科学、IEEE 等）
Is it a “predatory” journal? (see: Predatory journals checklist)
它是一本 “掠夺性 ”的期刊吗？（请参阅： 掠夺性期刊清单）
Is it published by a university press?
它是由大学出版社出版的吗？
3: Presenting Data
Watch the TED Talk on "The Beauty of Data Visualization" by David McCandless: 【TED Talks】-TED Talks.2010.07.David · McCandles: The Beauty of Data Visualization. David.McCandless.The.Beauty.Of.Data.Visualizat-NetEase Open Class (163.com)
观看 David McCandless 的 TED 演讲 “The Beauty of Data Visualization”： 【TED Talks】-TED Talks.2010.07.David ·McCandles：数据可视化之美。David.McCandless.The.Beauty.Of.Data.Visualizat-网易开放课 （163.com）
Discuss the following questions with your classmates.
与您的同学讨论以下问题。
Q.1 What point does McCandless want to make about data representation?
Q.1 McCandless 想对数据表示提出什么观点？
Q.2 Among the graphs he showed, which did you think were most effective, and why?
Q.2 在他展示的图表中，您认为哪些最有效，为什么？
Q.3 What lessons does this TED Talk hold for graphic representations in your infographic?
Q.3 这个 TED 演讲对您的信息图中的图形表示有什么借鉴意义？
4: Analysing Infographics
4：分析信息图表
Look at the sample infographics on Canvas. Each group is going to grade them. Use the GE1401 Infographic Rubric to guide your assessment.
查看 Canvas 上的示例信息图。每个小组都要给他们打分。使用 GE1401 信息图 Rubric 来指导您的评估。
What marks would you give the samples for each criterion?
你会给每个标准的样本打什么分？
Task Fulfilment & content
Title
Content shows evidence of research
内容显示研究证据
Suitable for Audience
适合观众
Logic & Organization
逻辑与组织
General-to-Specific pattern
常规到特定模式
Relevant details
Visual design
视觉设计
Density of text & objects
文本和对象的密度
Contrast
Unified background & theme
统一的背景和主题
Effective visual elements
有效的视觉元素
Language use
语言使用
Few errors
Citations
In-text citations & Reference list in IEEE style.
IEEE风格的文内引文和参考文献列表。
See full GE1401 Infographic Rubric below.
请参阅下面的完整 GE1401 信息图评分标准。
GE1401 Infographic Rubric | ||||||
Assess-ment Task | Criterion | Excellent | Good | Adequate | Marginal | Failure |
Information visualization | Task fulfilment & content | An excellent title which effectively reflects the content and context Varied content that shows strong evidence of wide research In-depth content that is suitable for general academic audience | A good title which reflects the content and context Moderately varied content that shows solid evidence of wide research Moderately in-depth content that is suitable for general academic audience | A fair title which may not well reflect the content and/or context Limited range of content that only shows some evidence of research Limited in-depth content that is suitable for general academic audience | A problematic title which is confusing or misleading The content is marginally varied, and it shows minimal evidence of research. The content is marginally in-depth, and it may not be suitable for general academic audience. | Performance worse than marginal |
Logic & organiza-tion | A clear general-to-specific pattern for presenting all the information All detailed facts are closely connected to the topic. | A clear general-to-specific pattern for presenting most of the information Most detailed facts are connected to the topic. | A general-to-specific pattern for presenting parts of the information Some detailed facts are connected to the topic. | Marginal evidence to show a general-to-specific pattern for presenting information Only a few facts are connected to the topic. | Performance worse than marginal | |
Visual design | Excellent text density with appropriate amount of information throughout Excellent visual contrast that effectively highlights key information for audience Effectively unified background Excellent choice of visual elements (e.g., color, image, graph) that effectively add value to the message in the rhetorical situation | Good text density with appropriate amount of information for most parts of the infographic Good visual contrast that highlights key information for audience Moderately unified background for the infographic Good choice of visual elements (e.g., color, image, graph) that moderately add value to the message in the rhetorical situation | Fair text density but with over/under-crowded text for some parts of the infographic Limited visual contrast to only highlight some key information for audience Limited evidence to show the effort of creating a unified background Limited choice of visual elements (e.g., color, image, graph) that does not add much value to the message in the rhetorical situation | Problematic text density which shows over/under-crowded text for most parts of the infographic Minimal visual contrast to hardly highlight any key information OR the visual contrast is distracting The background is confusing and distracting for the audience Problematic choice of visual elements (e.g., color, image, graph) that is distracting and confusing | Performance worse than marginal | |
Language use | Occasional mistakes of language use (e.g., word choice, spelling, grammar, punctuation) | Some mistakes of language use that do not affect comprehensibility generally | Some mistakes of language use that may affect comprehensibility in some parts | Many mistakes of language use that may affect comprehensibility in many parts | Performance worse than marginal | |
Citation & references | The reference list and in-text citations are all in APA style. | Occasional mistakes in APA style can be found in the reference list and in-text citations | Some mistakes in APA style can be found in the reference list and in-text citations | Many mistakes in APA style can be found in the reference list and in-text citations | Performance worse than marginal | |
The performance in Citation and references will be capped at Adequate if in-text citations are not provided in the infographic. | ||||||
5: Citing Graphic content
引用 Graphic 内容
You have two options for selecting the visual elements of your infographic.
您有两个选项可用于选择信息图的视觉元素。
First, you may find graphs or charts or images online that you think are suitable. In these cases, when the content is produced by someone else and is copyrighted, you may use it if you provide an in-text citation and reference list entry.
首先，您可能会在网上找到您认为合适的图形、图表或图像。在这些情况下，当内容由其他人制作并受版权保护时，如果您提供文本引用和参考列表条目，则可以使用它。
Second, you may find useful data online and choose to create your own charts or graphs using the data. In this case, you need to cite the data source, both in-text and in your reference list.
其次，您可以在网上找到有用的数据，并选择使用这些数据创建自己的图表或图形。在这种情况下，您需要在文本和参考列表中引用数据源。
6: Creating your infographic
6：创建您的信息图
There are a number of websites that can help you produce infographics. Test out several of them to find out which one works best for your group. Explore their tools and options.
有许多网站可以帮助您制作信息图表。测试其中的几个，找出最适合您的团队的那个。探索他们的工具和选项。
All of the sites will require an email address to register. Some of the ‘free’ versions may require a credit card number for access to the service. The bottom link provides reviews and recommendations of a number of sites.
所有站点都需要电子邮件地址才能注册。某些“免费”版本可能需要信用卡号才能访问该服务。底部链接提供了许多网站的评论和推荐。
Piktochart http://piktochart.com/
Canva https://www.canva.com/create/infographics/
Venngage https://venngage.com/
Visme Free Design Templates, Infographic Templates & More | Visme
Infographic tools review http://www.creativebloq.com/infographic/tools-2131971
信息图表工具评论 http://www.creativebloq.com/infographic/tools-2131971