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Unit 3

Data Representation and Commentary
数据表示和评论

An infographic is a way of representing data in different visual forms. In this unit, you will examine the various ways data can be presented. In the online module, the tasks reinforce the skills of graphic representation. In class, your group will have a chance to present your ideas for the infographic and get instructor and peer feedback on your proposed topic. You will continue gathering information and preparing the infographic outside of class. By the end of the unit, you will:
信息图是一种以不同视觉形式表示数据的方式。在本单元中,您将研究数据呈现的各种方式。在在线模块中,这些任务加强了图形表示的技能。在课堂上,您的小组将有机会展示您对信息图的想法,并获得讲师和同行对您提议的主题的反馈。您将在课外继续收集信息并准备信息图。在本单元结束时,您将:

be able to present data graphically and comment on it in writing;
能够以图形方式呈现数据并以书面形式对其进行评论;

be able to make informed choices about the best way to present data;
能够就呈现数据的最佳方式做出明智的选择;

have made progress on your infographic.
在您的信息图上取得了进展。

1: Library Workshop
1: 图书馆工作坊

A university librarian will attend the first hour of class and introduce you to the CityU DG Library’s homepage, resources, and search tools. As our library is very young, most of your research will likely be conducted online, so it is important that you become competent at writing effective search terms and using the databases to find the information you will need to complete your assignments.
大学图书馆员将参加上课的第一个小时,并向你介绍城大图书馆的主页、资源和搜索工具。由于我们的图书馆非常年轻,您的大部分研究可能会在线进行,因此您必须能够编写有效的搜索词并使用数据库查找完成作业所需的信息。

2: Evaluating Sources
2:评估来源

Use the search tools and skills you learned about in the library workshop to identify suitable sources for your infographic. Then, evaluate the sources according to the following criteria:
使用您在图书馆研讨会中学到的搜索工具和技能来确定适合您的信息图的来源。然后,根据以下标准评估来源:

DATE:

Is the source current?
源是最新的吗?

Has it been published within the last 5-10 years?
它在过去 5-10 年内出版过吗?

Is it the most recent information available on the topic?
这是关于该主题的最新信息吗?

AUTHORITY
:

What are the authors’ credentials (degrees, university affiliations)
作者的资历是什么(学位、大学隶属关系)

Do the authors have a bias? How can you tell?
作者有偏见吗?你怎么知道呢?

Is the information consistent with other publications or does it disagree with some of them?
该信息是否与其他出版物一致,或者是否与其中一些出版物不一致?

PUBLISHER:

Is it a newspaper? A personal blog? A magazine? Does it matter?!
是报纸吗?个人博客?杂志?这重要吗?!

Is it a peer-reviewed journal?
它是同行评审的期刊吗?

Is it a reputable journal? (Nature, Science, IEEE, etc.)
这是一本有信誉的期刊吗?(自然、科学、IEEE 等)

Is it a “predatory” journal? (see: Predatory journals checklist)
它是一本 “掠夺性 ”的期刊吗?(请参阅: 掠夺性期刊清单)

Is it published by a university press?
它是由大学出版社出版的吗?

3: Presenting Data

Watch the TED Talk on "The Beauty of Data Visualization" by David McCandless: TED Talks-TED Talks.2010.07.David · McCandles: The Beauty of Data Visualization. David.McCandless.The.Beauty.Of.Data.Visualizat-NetEase Open Class (163.com)
观看 David McCandless 的 TED 演讲 “The Beauty of Data Visualization”: TED Talks-TED Talks.2010.07.David ·McCandles:数据可视化之美。David.McCandless.The.Beauty.Of.Data.Visualizat-网易开放课 (163.com)

Discuss the following questions with your classmates.
与您的同学讨论以下问题。

Q.1 What point does McCandless want to make about data representation?
Q.1 McCandless 想对数据表示提出什么观点?

Q.2 Among the graphs he showed, which did you think were most effective, and why?
Q.2 在他展示的图表中,您认为哪些最有效,为什么?

Q.3 What lessons does this TED Talk hold for graphic representations in your infographic?
Q.3 这个 TED 演讲对您的信息图中的图形表示有什么借鉴意义?

4: Analysing Infographics
4:分析信息图表

Look at the sample infographics on Canvas. Each group is going to grade them. Use the GE1401 Infographic Rubric to guide your assessment.
查看 Canvas 上的示例信息图。每个小组都要给他们打分。使用 GE1401 信息图 Rubric 来指导您的评估。

What marks would you give the samples for each criterion?
你会给每个标准的样本打什么分?

Task Fulfilment & content

Title

Content shows evidence of research
内容显示研究证据

Suitable for Audience
适合观众

Logic & Organization
逻辑与组织

General-to-Specific pattern
常规到特定模式

Relevant details

Visual design
视觉设计

Density of text & objects
文本和对象的密度

Contrast

Unified background & theme
统一的背景和主题

Effective visual elements
有效的视觉元素

Language use
语言使用

Few errors

Citations

In-text citations & Reference list in IEEE style.
IEEE风格的文内引文和参考文献列表。

See full GE1401 Infographic Rubric below.
请参阅下面的完整 GE1401 信息图评分标准。

GE1401 Infographic Rubric

Assess-ment Task

Criterion

Excellent

Good

Adequate

Marginal

Failure

Information visualization
信息可视化

Task fulfilment & content

An excellent title which effectively reflects the content and context
一个能有效反映内容和背景的优秀标题

Varied content that shows strong evidence of wide research
内容多样,显示出广泛研究的有力证据

In-depth content that is suitable for general academic audience
适合一般学术受众的深度内容

A good title which reflects the content and context
反映内容和上下文的好标题

Moderately varied content that shows solid evidence of wide research
内容差异适中,显示出广泛研究的可靠证据

Moderately in-depth content that is suitable for general academic audience
适合一般学术受众的中等深度内容

A fair title which may not well reflect the content and/or context
一个公平的标题,可能无法很好地反映内容和/或上下文

Limited range of content that only shows some evidence of research
内容范围有限,仅显示一些研究证据

Limited in-depth content that is suitable for general academic audience
适合一般学术受众的有限深度内容

A problematic title which is confusing or misleading
有问题的商品名称,令人困惑或产生误导

The content is marginally varied, and it shows minimal evidence of research.
内容略有不同,并且显示的研究证据很少。

The content is marginally in-depth, and it may not be suitable for general academic audience.
内容略有深度,可能不适合一般学术受众。

Performance worse

than marginal
比 marginal

Logic & organiza-tion

A clear general-to-specific pattern for presenting all the information
用于呈现所有信息的清晰 general-to specific 模式

All detailed facts are closely connected to the topic.
所有详细的事实都与主题密切相关。

A clear general-to-specific pattern for presenting most of the information
用于呈现大部分信息的清晰 general-to specific 模式

Most detailed facts are connected to the topic.
最详细的事实都与该主题有关。

A general-to-specific pattern for presenting parts of the information
用于呈现部分信息的常规到特定模式

Some detailed facts are connected to the topic.
一些详细的事实与该主题有关。

Marginal evidence to show a general-to-specific pattern for presenting information
显示呈现信息的从一般到特异性模式的边际证据

Only a few facts are connected to the topic.
只有少数事实与该主题有关。

Performance worse

than marginal
比 marginal

Visual design
视觉设计

Excellent text density with appropriate amount of information throughout
出色的文本密度和适当的信息量

Excellent visual contrast that effectively highlights key information for audience
出色的视觉对比度,有效地为观众突出关键信息

Effectively unified background
有效统一背景

Excellent choice of visual elements (e.g., color, image, graph) that effectively add value to the message in the rhetorical situation
出色的视觉元素(例如,颜色、图像、图表)的选择,可在修辞情境中有效地增加信息的价值

Good text density with appropriate amount of information for most parts of the infographic
良好的文本密度,信息图的大部分部分都有适当的信息量

Good visual contrast that highlights key information for audience
良好的视觉对比度,为观众突出关键信息

Moderately unified background for the infographic
信息图的背景适度统一

Good choice of visual elements (e.g., color, image, graph) that moderately add value to the message in the rhetorical situation
在修辞情境中适度增加信息价值的视觉元素(例如,颜色、图像、图表)的好选择

Fair text density but with over/under-crowded text for some parts of the infographic
文本密度一般,但信息图的某些部分文本过度拥挤/不足

Limited visual contrast to only highlight some key information for audience
有限的视觉对比度,仅向观众突出一些关键信息

Limited evidence to show the effort of creating a unified background
显示创建统一背景的努力的证据有限

Limited choice of visual elements (e.g., color, image, graph) that does not add much value to the message in the rhetorical situation
视觉元素(例如颜色、图像、图表)的选择有限,在修辞情境中不会为信息增加太多价值

Problematic text density which shows over/under-crowded text for most parts of the infographic
有问题的文本密度,显示信息图的大部分部分的文本过度拥挤/不足

Minimal visual contrast to hardly highlight any key information OR the visual contrast is distracting
视觉对比度最小,几乎不突出任何关键信息,或者视觉对比度会分散注意力

The background is confusing and distracting for the audience
背景令人困惑并分散观众的注意力

Problematic choice of visual elements (e.g., color, image, graph) that is distracting and confusing
视觉元素(例如颜色、图像、图形)的选择有问题,这会分散注意力和令人困惑

Performance worse

than marginal
比 marginal

Language use
语言使用

Occasional mistakes of language use (e.g., word choice, spelling, grammar, punctuation)
偶尔的语言使用错误(例如,选词、拼写、语法、标点符号)

Some mistakes of language use that do not affect comprehensibility generally
一些通常不影响可理解性的语言使用错误

Some mistakes of language use that may affect comprehensibility in some parts
某些部分可能影响可理解性的语言使用错误

Many mistakes of language use that may affect comprehensibility in many parts
许多语言使用错误可能会影响许多部分的可理解性

Performance worse

than marginal
比 marginal

Citation & references
引文和参考文献

The reference list and in-text citations are all in APA style.
参考文献列表和文内引文均采用 APA 格式。

Occasional mistakes in APA style can be found in the reference list and in-text citations
APA 风格的偶尔错误可以在参考文献列表和文本引用中找到

Some mistakes in APA style can be found in the reference list and in-text citations
APA 风格的一些错误可以在参考文献列表和文内引用中找到

Many mistakes in APA style can be found in the reference list and in-text citations
APA 风格的许多错误都可以在参考文献列表和文本引用中找到

Performance worse

than marginal
比 marginal

The performance in Citation and references will be capped at Adequate if in-text
如果文本内,则 Citation and references 中的表现将以 Sufficient 为上限

citations are not provided in the infographic.
信息图中未提供引文。

5: Citing Graphic content
引用 Graphic 内容

You have two options for selecting the visual elements of your infographic.
您有两个选项可用于选择信息图的视觉元素。

First, you may find graphs or charts or images online that you think are suitable. In these cases, when the content is produced by someone else and is copyrighted, you may use it if you provide an in-text citation and reference list entry.
首先,您可能会在网上找到您认为合适的图形、图表或图像。在这些情况下,当内容由其他人制作并受版权保护时,如果您提供文本引用和参考列表条目,则可以使用它。

Second, you may find useful data online and choose to create your own charts or graphs using the data. In this case, you need to cite the data source, both in-text and in your reference list.
其次,您可以在网上找到有用的数据,并选择使用这些数据创建自己的图表或图形。在这种情况下,您需要在文本和参考列表中引用数据源。

6: Creating your infographic
6:创建您的信息图

There are a number of websites that can help you produce infographics. Test out several of them to find out which one works best for your group. Explore their tools and options.
有许多网站可以帮助您制作信息图表。测试其中的几个,找出最适合您的团队的那个。探索他们的工具和选项。

All of the sites will require an email address to register. Some of the ‘free’ versions may require a credit card number for access to the service. The bottom link provides reviews and recommendations of a number of sites.
所有站点都需要电子邮件地址才能注册。某些“免费”版本可能需要信用卡号才能访问该服务。底部链接提供了许多网站的评论和推荐。

Piktochart http://piktochart.com/

Canva https://www.canva.com/create/infographics/

Venngage https://venngage.com/

Visme Free Design Templates, Infographic Templates & More | Visme

Infographic tools review http://www.creativebloq.com/infographic/tools-2131971
信息图表工具评论 http://www.creativebloq.com/infographic/tools-2131971