50 年核電池

Introduction 簡介Introduction 簡介
Diamond-Nickel Power Core
鑽石鎳動力核心Diamond-Nickel Power Core
鑽石鎳動力核心
Device Power Comparison 裝置功耗比較Device Power Comparison 裝置功耗比較
Viable Low-Power Applications
可行的低功耗應用Viable Low-Power Applications
可行的低功耗應用
Device Design Revolution 裝置設計革命Device Design Revolution 裝置設計革命

A 50-Year Nuclear Battery
一顆 50 年壽命的核能電池

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Betavolt, a Chinese company founded in 2021, has developed a revolutionary nuclear battery called the BV100 that can generate electricity for 50 years without charging or maintenance, potentially transforming various industries from consumer electronics to medical devices and reshaping the global energy landscape.
成立於 2021 年的中國公司 Betavolt 開發出一款名為 BV100 的革命性核能電池，這款電池可在無需充電或維護的情況下持續發電 50 年，這項技術可能徹底改變從消費電子產品到醫療設備等各個行業，並重塑全球能源格局。

Betavoltaic Battery Rated To Provide Power For 50 Years - Hackaday

hackaday

BV100 The revolutionary Atomic Battery - GME Recycling

gme-recycling

China develops miniature, cost-effective nuclear battery for civilian use

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Diamond-Nickel Power Core
鑽石鎳動力核心

Nuclear Battery -...

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The BV100 nuclear battery employs a groundbreaking combination of diamond semiconductor technology and the radioactive isotope nickel-63 to generate electricity. This innovative design utilizes a layered structure of 2-micron-thick nickel-63 thin slices interlaid with diamond semiconductor converters

. As the nickel-63 undergoes beta decay, the diamond converters efficiently capture and transform the emitted electrons into usable electrical energy

.
BV100 核能電池採用了突破性的鑽石半導體技術和放射性同位素鎳-63 的組合來發電。這種創新的設計利用了 2 微米厚的鎳-63 薄片與鑽石半導體轉換器交錯排列的多層結構

。當鎳-63 發生β衰變時，鑽石轉換器會有效地捕獲並將釋放出的電子轉化為可用的電能

。 The BV100's compact form factor measures just 15 x 15 x 5 mm, smaller than a €2 coin

. Despite its diminutive size, the battery boasts impressive specifications:
BV100 的體積小巧，尺寸僅為 15 x 15 x 5 毫米，比一枚 2 歐元硬幣還小

。儘管體積微小，但這款電池卻擁有令人印象深刻的規格：

Power output: 100 microwatts (0.0001 watts)
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5

輸出功率：100 微瓦（0.0001 瓦）
4

5
Voltage: 3 volts
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5

電壓：3 伏特
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Lifespan: Over 50 years of continuous operation
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使用壽命：持續運作超過 50 年
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Operating temperature range: -60°C to 120°C
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工作溫度範圍：-60°C 至 120°C
1

This nuclear battery's current output capabilities, while modest, represent a significant advancement in long-term, maintenance-free power generation for ultra-low-power applications. The modular nature of the BV100 allows for potential power scaling by connecting multiple units, opening up possibilities for higher output configurations in future iterations

.
這款核能電池目前的輸出功率雖然不高，但對於超低功耗應用領域的長期、免維護電源供應來說，已代表著一項重大進展。BV100 模組化的特性允許透過連接多個單元來提升功率，為未來迭代的更高輸出配置提供了可能性

。

6 sources

Device Power Comparison 裝置功耗比較

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The BV100's 100 microwatt output at 3 volts represents a significant advancement in long-term, low-power energy solutions. However, its applicability varies greatly when compared to the power requirements of common devices:
BV100 在 3 伏特的電壓下輸出 100 微瓦，這在長期低功耗能源解決方案方面代表著一項重大進展。然而，與常用裝置的功耗需求相比，其適用性差異很大：

Smartphones: 智慧型手機：
- Standby mode: 1-5 milliwatts (10-50 times BV100's output)
  1
  
  待機模式：1-5 毫瓦（BV100 輸出的 10-50 倍）
  1
- Active use: 500-1500 milliwatts (5000-15000 times BV100's output)
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  使用中：500-1500 毫瓦（BV100 輸出的 5000-15000 倍）
  1
Medical Devices: 醫療器材：
- Pacemakers: 8-10 microwatts (within BV100's capacity)
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  心律調節器：8-10 微瓦（在 BV100 的容量範圍內）
  2
- Glucose monitors: 3-5 microwatts (within BV100's capacity)
  2
  
  血糖監測儀：3-5 微瓦（在 BV100 的容量範圍內）
  2
- MRI machines: Several kilowatts (far beyond BV100's output)
  3
  
  核磁共振造影機：數千瓦（遠超出 BV100 的輸出）
  3
IoT Sensors: 物聯網感測器：
- Temperature sensors: 1-10 microwatts (within BV100's capacity)
  4
  
  溫度感測器：1-10 微瓦（在 BV100 的容量範圍內）
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- Asset tracking tags: 10-50 microwatts in sleep mode (within BV100's capacity)
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  資產追蹤標籤：睡眠模式下 10-50 微瓦（在 BV100 的容量範圍內）
  4
- Wireless sensor nodes: 1-100 microwatts depending on duty cycle (potentially within BV100's capacity)
  4
  
  無線感測器節點：根據工作週期而異，1-100 微瓦（可能在 BV100 的容量範圍內）
  4
Small Electronic Components:
小型電子元件：
- LED indicator: 1-20 milliwatts (10-200 times BV100's output)
  LED 指示燈：1-20 毫瓦（BV100 輸出的 10-200 倍）
- Microcontrollers (sleep mode): 1-100 microwatts (potentially within BV100's capacity)
  微控制器（睡眠模式）：1-100 微瓦（可能在 BV100 的容量範圍內）
- RFID tags: 1-100 microwatts (potentially within BV100's capacity)
  RFID 標籤：1-100 微瓦（可能在 BV100 的容量範圍內）

While the BV100's 100 microwatt output is insufficient for power-hungry devices like smartphones or complex medical equipment, it shows promise for ultra-low-power applications such as certain medical implants, environmental sensors, and IoT devices operating in sleep or low-power modes

.
雖然 BV100 的 100 微瓦輸出功率不足以供應智慧型手機或複雜醫療設備等高耗電裝置使用，但它在超低功耗應用領域，例如某些醫療植入物、環境感測器以及在睡眠或低功耗模式下工作的物聯網裝置，展現了其潛力

。

7 sources

Viable Low-Power Applications
可行的低功耗應用

The BV100's 100-microwatt output at 3 volts makes it suitable for a range of ultra-low-power applications. Here are some current viable use cases where this power level is sufficient:
BV100 在 3 伏特的電壓下具有 100 微瓦的輸出功率，使其適用於一系列超低功耗應用。以下是一些目前此功率級別足以應用的可行案例：

Medical Implants: 醫療植入物：
- Pacemakers: Typically require 8-10 microwatts
  1
  , well within BV100's capacity
  心臟起搏器：通常需要 8-10 微瓦
  1
  ，遠低於 BV100 的容量
- Glucose monitors: Consume 3-5 microwatts
  1
  , easily powered by BV100
  血糖監測器：消耗 3-5 微瓦
  1
  ，BV100 可輕鬆供電
- Neural stimulators: Often operate in the 10-50 microwatt range
  2
  
  神經刺激器：通常在 10-50 微瓦的範圍內運作
  2
Environmental Sensors: 環境感測器：
- Temperature/humidity sensors: Can operate on as little as 1-10 microwatts
  2
  
  溫度/濕度感測器：只需 1-10 微瓦即可運作
  2
- Air quality monitors: Some designs function on 50-100 microwatts
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  空氣品質監測器：某些設計的功耗為 50-100 微瓦
  3
IoT Devices: 物聯網裝置：
- Asset tracking tags: Often designed to use 10-50 microwatts in sleep mode
  3
  
  資產追蹤標籤：睡眠模式下通常使用 10-50 微瓦
  3
- Wireless sensor nodes: Can operate on 1-100 microwatts depending on duty cycle
  2
  
  無線感測器節點：根據工作週期，功耗可在 1-100 微瓦之間
  2
Wearable Technology: 可穿戴科技：
- Smart patches: Some designs function on 50-100 microwatts
  3
  
  智能貼片：某些設計的功耗為 50-100 微瓦
  3
- Health monitoring devices: Ultra-low-power versions can operate below 100 microwatts
  2
  
  健康監測裝置：超低功耗版本可在 100 微瓦以下運作
  2

Compared to current power solutions like lithium batteries or energy harvesting techniques, the BV100 offers advantages in longevity and maintenance-free operation. For instance, a typical coin cell battery might last 1-2 years in a low-power sensor, while the BV100 could potentially power the same device for decades

. However, the BV100's output is still too low for more power-hungry applications like smartphones or active wearables, which require milliwatts or watts of power

.
與目前的電源解決方案（例如鋰電池或能量收集技術）相比，BV100 在使用壽命和免維護操作方面具有優勢。例如，典型的鈕扣電池在低功耗感測器中可能可以使用 1-2 年，而 BV100 則有可能為相同的裝置供電數十年

。然而，對於更耗電的應用，例如智慧型手機或主動式穿戴裝置，BV100 的輸出功率仍然太低，這些裝置需要毫瓦或瓦特的功率

。

5 sources

Device Design Revolution 裝置設計革命

linkedin.com

The BV100 nuclear battery's unique characteristics are prompting engineers to reconsider traditional device design constraints. Its 50-year lifespan and constant power output of 100 microwatts at 3 volts offer new possibilities for ultra-low-power devices

.
BV100 核電池的獨特特性促使工程師重新考慮傳統的裝置設計限制。其 50 年的壽命和 3 伏特下 100 微瓦的恆定輸出功率為超低功耗裝置提供了新的可能性

。

Miniaturization: The BV100's compact size (15x15x5 mm) allows for further miniaturization of medical implants and environmental sensors
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. For instance, pacemakers could be redesigned to be significantly smaller and less invasive, as they would no longer need space for replaceable batteries
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.
微型化：BV100 的緊湊尺寸 (15x15x5 mm) 可進一步微型化醫療植入物和環境感測器
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。例如，心臟起搏器可以重新設計得更小巧，侵入性更低，因為它們不再需要空間來放置可替換電池
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。
Maintenance-free operation: Devices powered by the BV100 could be designed for extreme environments or hard-to-reach locations, eliminating the need for battery replacement. This solves engineering challenges in remote sensing applications, such as deep-sea or space exploration instruments
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.
免維護操作：由 BV100 供電的裝置可以設計用於極端環境或難以到達的地點，無需更換電池。這解決了遠程感測應用中的工程挑戰，例如深海或太空探測儀器
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。
Energy harvesting optimization: While 100 microwatts is insufficient for many current devices, it could be combined with existing energy harvesting techniques. This constant power source could enhance the reliability of solar or kinetic energy harvesters in IoT sensors, allowing for more consistent data collection and transmission
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.
能量收集最佳化：雖然 100 微瓦對於許多現有裝置來說是不夠的，但它可以與現有的能量收集技術結合。這種恆定的電源可以增強物聯網感測器中太陽能或動能收集器的可靠性，從而實現更一致的數據收集和傳輸
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。
Long-term medical implants: The BV100's extended lifespan could revolutionize implantable medical devices. Glucose monitors and neural stimulators could be designed for decades-long operation without replacement surgeries, significantly improving patient quality of life
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.
長期植入式醫療裝置：BV100 延長的壽命可以徹底改變植入式醫療裝置。葡萄糖監測器和神經刺激器可以設計成數十年無需更換手術即可運作，從而顯著提高患者的生活品質
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。