Chapter_02_Team_and_Interpersonal_Communication

True / False
对 / 错

1. Because individuals do not waste time interacting with others, they can usually accomplish more work alone than in teams.
1. 因为个人不会浪费时间与他人互动，所以他们通常可以单独完成比团队更多的工作。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

2. Research indicates that the ideal small team consists of around five members.
2. 研究表明，理想的小团队由大约五名成员组成。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

3. It is best to assume the role of reader when providing feedback on a coworker's document.
3. 在为同事的文档提供反馈时，最好扮演读者的角色。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

4. Avoiding conflict in groups is essential to preserving harmony and successfully completing projects.
4. 避免群体冲突对于保持和谐和成功完成项目至关重要。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

5. Groups should discourage debate about work issues because this prevents cohesive decisions from being implemented on time.
5. 小组应阻止就工作问题进行辩论，因为这会妨碍有凝聚力的决策按时实施。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

6. Groupthink results when a team's cohesiveness suppresses the free flow of ideas.
6. 当团队的凝聚力抑制了思想的自由流动时，就会产生群体思维。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

7. Healthy conflict in groups focuses on personality differences.
7. 群体中的健康冲突侧重于性格差异。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

8. A consensus occurs when all team members can support a particular course of action.
8. 当所有团队成员都可以支持特定的行动方案时，就会达成共识。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

9. To build a level of trust and ease, team members should refrain from engaging in small talk at their initial meeting.
9. 为了建立一定程度的信任和轻松，团队成员应该避免在初次会议上闲聊。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

10. When commenting on team writing, you should use more you statements than I statements in communicating with team members.
10. 在评论团队写作时，在与团队成员交流时，你应该使用更多的 you 而不是 I 语句。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

11. A group will perform more effectively if its members are allowed to contribute as fully as possible.
11. 如果允许一个小组的成员尽可能充分地做出贡献，那么该小组将更有效地发挥作用。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

12. When writing in a team, your first order of business is to divide tasks among the members.
12. 在团队中写作时，您的首要任务是在成员之间分配任务。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

13. A frequent problem of team-written documents is the lack of one "voice" throughout the document.
13. 团队编写文档的一个常见问题是整个文档缺乏一个“声音”。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

14. Team members have an ethical obligation to avoid promoting self-centered agendas.
14. 团队成员有道德义务避免推动以自我为中心的议程。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

15. When different team members contribute to a report, have each writer review the entire draft.
15. 当不同的团队成员为报告做出贡献时，让每个作者审阅整个草稿。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

16. When giving negative feedback on a peer's writing, emphasize the writer's role in creating the text, rather than the text itself.
16. 在对同行的写作给予负面反馈时，强调作者在创作文本中的作用，而不是文本本身。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

17. The first step in planning a meeting is to determine the specific purpose and assess whether face-to-face contact is even necessary.
17. 计划会议的第一步是确定具体目的，并评估是否有必要进行面对面的接触。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

18. Holding a meeting is more efficient than sending an email message for communicating routine information.
18. 召开会议比发送电子邮件来传达日常信息更有效。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

19. With an agenda, you can better prepare for a meeting by gathering background information and remaining focused on what is to be covered.
19. 有了议程，您可以通过收集背景信息并专注于要涵盖的内容来更好地为会议做准备。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

20. When planning a meeting, invite only those who have a specific reason to attend.
20. 在计划会议时，只邀请有特定原因的人参加。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

21. Proper logistics, including appropriate timing, location, and room setup, can enhance the productivity of a meeting.
21. 适当的后勤工作，包括适当的时间、地点和房间布置，可以提高会议的工作效率。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

22. Starting on time sends a clear message that the attendees will not delay discussions and decisions while awaiting chronic latecomers.
22. 准时开始发出了一个明确的信息，即与会者不会在等待长期迟到的人时延迟讨论和决定。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

23. Unless an attendee suggests a new topic at the start, only information listed on the agenda should be discussed at a meeting.
23. 除非与会者在开始时提出新主题，否则会议只能讨论议程上列出的信息。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

24. Begin and end meetings on time for maximum efficiency.
24. 按时开始和结束会议以最大限度地提高效率。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

25. The minutes of a meeting should emphasize what was accomplished, not what participants said.
25. 会议记录应强调所取得的成就，而不是与会者所说的内容。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

26. Using your eyes is a particularly effective way to express meaning without words.
26. 用你的眼睛是一种特别有效的不用语言来表达意义的方式。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

27. Although a nonverbal message is not written or spoken, it may be conveyed along with a verbal message.
27. 虽然非语言信息不是书面或口头的，但它可以与口头信息一起传达。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

28. The way you stand and where you position your legs or arms signal whether your verbal message is emotional or rational.
28. 你站着的方式以及你把腿或手臂放在什么位置，表明你的口头信息是感性的还是理性的。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

29. In some cultures, maintaining eye contact is not important and may even be considered impolite.
29. 在某些文化中，保持眼神交流并不重要，甚至可能被认为是不礼貌的。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

30. Touch, when clearly well-intended, builds positive working relationships.
30. 触摸，如果显然是善意的，可以建立积极的工作关系。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

31. Virtual meetings are a great opportunity to increase productivity by multitasking.
31. 虚拟会议是通过多任务处理来提高生产力的绝佳机会。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

32. The more specific your meeting purpose is, the better your results will be.
32. 您的会议目的越具体，您的结果就越好。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

33. Avoid dismissing a topic simply because it's uninteresting or not presented in an exciting way.
33. 避免仅仅因为某个话题无趣或没有以令人兴奋的方式呈现而忽略它。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

34. Often, reflecting is better than paraphrasing because you are telling the person that you hear, understand, and care about the underlying message.
34. 通常，反思比释义更好，因为你是在告诉这个人你听到、理解和关心潜在的信息。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

35. Active listening means constantly planning what you'll say next.
35. 积极倾听意味着不断计划你接下来要说什么。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

36. Hearing consists of interpreting and assigning meanings to the sounds that are heard.
36. 听觉包括对所听到的声音进行解释和赋予意义。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

False
假

37. It is possible to listen and yet not understand.
37. 可以倾听但不理解。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

38. The communication skill we use most is listening.
38. 我们最常用的沟通技巧是倾听。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

39. One of the major causes of poor listening is lack of training in the process.
39. 听力不佳的主要原因之一是在此过程中缺乏培训。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

40. Poor listening is due, in part, to the difference between the speed at which the sender speaks and the speed at which the receiver's brain processes data.
40. 听力不佳的部分原因是发送者说话的速度与接收者大脑处理数据的速度之间的差异。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

41. When you are striving to improve your listening skills, you can more easily eliminate physical distractions than mental distractions.
41. 当你努力提高你的听力技巧时，你更容易消除身体上的干扰，而不是精神上的干扰。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

42. It is just as important for a listener to maintain eye contact with the speaker as for the speaker to maintain eye contact with the whole audience.
42. 听众与说话者保持眼神交流与说话者与全体听众保持眼神交流同样重要。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

43. One way to remain actively involved in a presentation is to paraphrase the speaker's remarks in notes.
43. 保持积极参与演讲的一种方法是在笔记中转述演讲者的评论。

	a. 一个。	True 真
	b.	False 假

ANSWER:
答：

True
真

Multiple Choice
多项选择

44. According to research, the most effective work teams generally consist of a maximum of how many members?
44. 根据研究，最有效的工作团队通常最多由多少成员组成？

	a. 一个。	Two 二
	b.	Three 三
	c.	Five 五
	d.	Seven 七
	e.	Ten 十

ANSWER:
答：

45. Which statement correctly describes teams?
45. 哪句话正确地描述了团队？

	a. 一个。	Teamwork usually produces lower-quality output than individual work. 团队合作产生的输出质量通常低于个人工作。
	b.	Conflict about issues should be avoided during team meetings because it destroys group cohesiveness. 在团队会议期间应避免就问题发生冲突，因为它会破坏团队凝聚力。
	c.	Teams should strive for groupthink to enhance cohesiveness. 团队应努力实现群体思维，以增强凝聚力。
	d.	The most effective teams require unanimity to make every decision. 最有效的团队需要一致来做出每一个决定。
	e.	Personality conflicts can damage a team's effectiveness. 性格冲突会损害团队的效率。

ANSWER:
答：

46. Groupthink is caused by:
46. 群体思维是由以下原因引起的：

	a. 一个。	pressure to show immediate results. 压力，要求立即显示结果。
	b.	an overemphasis on unity that stifles information flow. 过分强调统一会扼杀信息流动。
	c.	requiring decisions to be made through consensus. 要求通过共识做出决定。
	d.	narrowly defined problems and goals. 狭义的问题和目标。
	e.	interpersonal conflict that interferes with productivity. 干扰生产力的人际冲突。

ANSWER:
答：

47. Which of the following is part of an appropriate way to manage team writing?
47. 以下哪项是管理团队写作的适当方式的一部分？

	a. 一个。	Start by creating a project plan. 首先创建一个项目计划。
	b.	Divide tasks equitably among team members. 在团队成员之间公平分配任务。
	c.	Assign one team member to review all drafts. 分配一名团队成员来审核所有草稿。
	d.	Allow each writer's unique style to come through. 让每个作家的独特风格都体现出来。
	e.	Use a data-dump to cover all research gathered. 使用数据转储来涵盖收集的所有研究。

ANSWER:
答：

48. Even when all the members of the team are good writers, a common problem of team writing is:
48. 即使团队的所有成员都是优秀的作家，团队写作的一个常见问题是：

	a. 一个。	sloppy format. 草率的格式。
	b.	lack of organization. 缺乏组织。
	c.	multiple voices. 多个声音。
	d.	lack of detail. 缺乏细节。
	e.	excessive informality. 过度的非正式。

ANSWER:
答：

49. Which of the following is an example of preferred wording for commenting on peer writing?
49. 以下哪一项是评论同行写作的首选措辞示例？

	a. 一个。	I don't like this. 我不喜欢这样。
	b.	You really need to make this part clearer. 你真的需要把这部分说得更清楚。
	c.	I was confused by this paragraph. 我对这段话感到困惑。
	d.	Have you thought about using the spell-check feature? 您是否考虑过使用拼写检查功能？
	e.	Take a grammar class and then edit this document again. 参加语法课程，然后再次编辑此文档。

ANSWER:
答：

50. From an ethical perspective, team members should:
50. 从道德角度来看，团队成员应该：

	a. 一个。	put their self-interest first. 把他们的自身利益放在首位。
	b.	respect the ideas of others. 尊重他人的想法。
	c.	arouse conflict to improve team debates. 引发冲突以改善团队辩论。
	d.	support the dominant member to facilitate decisions. 支持主导成员以促进决策。
	e.	ignore any emotional needs of the members. 忽略成员的任何情感需求。

ANSWER:
答：

51. Which of the following statements about group conflict is true?
51. 以下关于群体冲突的陈述中哪一项是正确的？

	a. 一个。	Most leaders do not work hard enough to avoid it. 大多数领导者没有足够努力地避免它。
	b.	It is necessary to help a group achieve consensus. 帮助一个小组达成共识是必要的。
	c.	It is most useful when it encourages conformity. 当它鼓励从众时，它是最有用的。
	d.	It is always personal and disruptive. 它总是个人的和破坏性的。
	e.	It may be a useful tool in promoting groupthink. 它可能是促进群体思维的有用工具。

ANSWER:
答：

52. Which of the following is a potential benefit of commenting on a peer's writing?
52. 以下哪项是评论同行作品的潜在好处？

	a. 一个。	It builds a sense of community within the team. 它在团队中建立了一种社区意识。
	b.	It improves your standing within the team. 它提高了你在团队中的地位。
	c.	It allows you to practice grading others' writing. 它允许您练习对他人的写作进行评分。
	d.	It gives you more credit for the team's success. 它为你的成功赢得了更多的赞誉。
	e.	It brings attention to your writing skills. 它引起了对你的写作技巧的关注。

ANSWER:
答：

53. Which of the following is a helpful strategy when providing constructive feedback on team writing?
53. 在为团队写作提供建设性反馈时，以下哪项是有用的策略？

	a. 一个。	Try to assume the role of an instructor. 尝试扮演讲师的角色。
	b.	Mark every error that you see. 标记您看到的每个错误。
	c.	Emphasize the text when giving positive feedback. 在给出积极反馈时强调文本。
	d.	Avoid taking over the text. 避免接管文本。
	e.	Read first for spelling and grammar issues. 首先阅读拼写和语法问题。

ANSWER:
答：

54. Which of the following is a key ethical responsibility of all team members?
54. 以下哪项是所有团队成员的主要道德责任？

	a. 一个。	Ensuring that everyone contributes equally 确保每个人都有平等的贡献
	b.	Taking primary responsibility for the success of the group effort 对团队工作的成功负有主要责任
	c.	Creating a fun social atmosphere 营造有趣的社交氛围
	d.	Respecting the emotional needs of others 尊重他人的情感需求
	e.	Contributing work that is good enough to be acclaimed by other members 贡献的作品足够好，可以得到其他成员的好评

ANSWER:
答：

55. Which type of group communication refers to the notion that everyone would agree to the same idea?
55. 哪种类型的群体沟通是指每个人都会同意同一个想法的概念？

	a. 一个。	Consensus 共识
	b.	Conflict 冲突
	c.	Creativity 创造力
	d.	Conformity 整合

ANSWER:
答：

56. Which of the following questions should a newly formed team address as members try to determine how it will operate?
56. 当新成立的团队试图确定其将如何运作时，应解决以下哪些问题？

	a. 一个。	What are the consequences if someone misses a deliverable or team meeting? 如果有人错过了可交付成果或团队会议，会有什么后果？
	b.	What is the team's purpose? 团队的目的是什么？
	c.	How will we measure success? 我们将如何衡量成功？
	d.	What will be the impact of our work? 我们的工作将产生什么影响？
	e.	What should the final product look like? 最终产品应该是什么样子的？

ANSWER:
答：

57. A team with a lack of independent thought may be experiencing:
57. 缺乏独立思考的团队可能正在经历：

	a. 一个。	groupthink. 群体思考。
	b.	incohesiveness. 不协调。
	c.	consensus. 共识。
	d.	conflict aversion. 冲突厌恶。
	e.	conflict. 冲突。

ANSWER:
答：

58. Which step in a team writing project involves creating an outline?
58. 团队写作项目中的哪个步骤涉及创建大纲？

	a. 一个。	Identify Project Requirements 确定项目要求
	b.	Draft the Writing 起草写作
	c.	Create a Project Plan 创建项目计划
	d.	Revise the Writing 修改写作
	e.	Finalize the Project 完成项目

ANSWER:
答：

59. What comes as a result of reaching a decision that best reflects the thinking of all team members?
59. 做出最能反映所有团队成员想法的决定会带来什么结果？

	a. 一个。	Conformity 整合
	b.	Consensus 共识
	c.	Groupthink 群思维
	d.	Consequence 后果
	e.	Conflict 冲突

ANSWER:
答：

60. Which of the following statements is generally true of working in teams?
60. 以下哪些陈述通常适用于团队合作？

	a. 一个。	Teams larger than four people may lose cohesion. 超过 4 人的团队可能会失去凝聚力。
	b.	Teams are often less creative and accomplish less work than individuals working alone. 与单独工作的个人相比，团队通常缺乏创造力，完成的工作也更少。
	c.	Accountability is most effective when it is applied externally. 问责制在外部应用时最有效。
	d.	Effective leaders work well as part of a team and can resolve conflicts. 有效的领导者作为团队的一部分工作得很好，可以解决冲突。
	e.	All types of conflicts can doom a team's functioning. 所有类型的冲突都可能毁掉团队的运作。

ANSWER:
答：

61. You can convey a positive, professional image on the phone by:
61. 您可以通过以下方式在电话中传达积极、专业的形象：

	a. 一个。	eating a quick snack to keep up your blood sugar. 吃点快餐来保持血糖。
	b.	putting the caller on hold if you get another call. 如果您接到另一个电话，请保持呼叫者。
	c.	using your natural voice, but making sure you don't sound bored. 使用你的自然声音，但要确保你听起来不会很无聊。
	d.	using your time efficiently by keeping your email on the screen. 通过在屏幕上显示您的电子邮件来有效地利用您的时间。
	e.	using frowns and eye rolling to let off steam when annoyed. 当生气时，用皱眉和翻白眼来发泄情绪。

ANSWER:
答：

62. Which of the following would be a purpose for calling a meeting?
62. 以下哪项是召开会议的目的？

	a. 一个。	To request a monthly status update 请求每月状态更新
	b.	To provide feedback on a report 提供有关报表的反馈
	c.	To notify staff of changes to procedures 通知员工程序的变更
	d.	To discuss potential features for a new product 讨论新产品的潜在功能

ANSWER:
答：

63. Planning a meeting includes which one of the following?
63. 计划会议包括以下哪一项？

	a. 一个。	Facilitating interactivity 促进交互性
	b.	Preparing the minutes 准备会议记录
	c.	Setting the stage 搭建舞台
	d.	Deciding who should attend 决定谁应该参加

ANSWER:
答：

64. The first thing you should do before even scheduling a meeting is:
64. 在安排会议之前，您应该做的第一件事是：

	a. 一个。	formulate an agenda. 制定议程。
	b.	determine who should attend. 确定谁应该参加。
	c.	decide what you want to achieve. 决定你想要实现的目标。
	d.	plan the schedule and location. 规划计划和位置。
	e.	designate someone to take minutes. 指定某人记录。

ANSWER:
答：

65. Why should you prepare an agenda even for informal meetings?
65. 为什么即使是非正式会议，您也应该准备议程？

	a. 一个。	It will give you a record of what has been discussed. 它将为您提供已讨论内容的记录。
	b.	It will help focus the attention of all participants. 它将有助于集中所有参与者的注意力。
	c.	It enables you to inform participants of the day, time, and place. 它使您能够通知参与者日期、时间和地点。
	d.	It will cover reports of previous meetings. 它将涵盖以前会议的报告。
	e.	It will convince participants of the need for a meeting. 它将使参与者相信召开会议的必要性。

ANSWER:
答：

66. Which of the following is good advice about deciding who should attend a meeting?
66. 以下哪一项是关于决定谁应该参加会议的好建议？

	a. 一个。	Decide how each participant's presence is related to your purpose. 确定每个参与者的存在与您的目的有何关系。
	b.	Include all members of a department or team. 包括部门或团队的所有成员。
	c.	Represent differences in status from throughout the organization 表示整个组织的状态差异
	d.	Exclude people as needed to prevent conflict. 根据需要排除人员以防止冲突。

ANSWER:
答：

67. What is one of the functions of the facilitator of a meeting?
67. 会议主持人的职能之一是什么？

	a. 一个。	Make certain that each attendee contributes the same amount. 确保每个参加者贡献的金额相同。
	b.	Cut off any discussion that veers from the agenda. 切断任何偏离议程的讨论。
	c.	Ensure that participants support their ideas with evidence. 确保参与者用证据支持他们的想法。
	d.	Summarize accomplishments at the end of the meeting. 在会议结束时总结成就。

ANSWER:
答：

68. When you prepare minutes of a meeting, you should:
68. 当您准备会议记录时，您应该：

	a. 一个。	accurately summarize the discussions and decisions made. 准确总结讨论和做出的决定。
	b.	ask participants to review a draft before sending the final version to the leader. 在将最终版本发送给领导者之前，请参与者审阅草稿。
	c.	write concisely to save space and avoid numerous subheadings. 写得简洁，以节省空间并避免过多的副标题。
	d.	indicate who made and seconded each motion. 指示每项动议的提出者和附议者。
	e.	follow parliamentary procedure to give the minority a voice. 遵循议会程序，让少数派有发言权。

ANSWER:
答：

69. An unscheduled telephone call may be considered:
69. 在以下情况下，可以考虑计划外的电话

	a. 一个。	exciting. 令人兴奋的。
	b.	cheap. 便宜。
	c.	intrusive. 侵入。
	d.	alarming. 报警。
	e.	technologically advanced. 技术先进。

ANSWER:
答：

70. When creating a virtual team charter, which of the following statements addresses the issue of how the team will know it is successful?
70. 在创建虚拟团队章程时，以下哪项陈述解决了团队如何知道它成功的问题？

	a. 一个。	We will produce a report based on our findings that lists steps for future action. 我们将根据我们的调查结果制作一份报告，列出未来行动的步骤。
	b.	We will strive to address any issues, conflicts, or disagreements as they occur. 我们将努力解决出现的任何问题、冲突或分歧。
	c.	We will meet every Tuesday at 10 a.m. EST on Zoom. 我们将在美国东部标准时间每周二上午 10 点在 Zoom 上开会。
	d.	We will strive for consensus, but the team leader will make decisions if we cannot reach it. 我们将努力达成共识，但如果我们无法达成共识，团队领导将做出决定。

ANSWER:
答：

71. When answering the question of what the team is expected to do, the team is addressing what aspect of a virtual team charter?
71. 在回答团队应该做什么的问题时，团队正在解决虚拟团队章程的哪个方面？

	a. 一个。	Decision making 决策
	b.	Roles and responsibilities 角色和职责
	c.	Results 结果
	d.	Purpose 目的

ANSWER:
答：

72. For an important meeting, what is the next best alternative format to face-to-face?
72. 对于重要会议，面对面的下一个最佳替代形式是什么？

	a. 一个。	Conference call 电话会议
	b.	Video meeting 视频会议
	c.	Synchronous text 同步文本
	d.	Instant messaging 即时通讯
	e.	Group emails 群组电子邮件

ANSWER:
答：

73. Which of the following statements about online meetings is true?
73. 以下关于在线会议的陈述中哪一项是正确的？

	a. 一个。	They are best for difficult discussions and complex decision making. 它们最适合困难的讨论和复杂的决策。
	b.	They sometimes fail because of technology. 他们有时会因为技术而失败。
	c.	They tend to be very expensive. 它们往往非常昂贵。
	d.	They keep attendees focused on the task. 它们让与会者专注于任务。
	e.	They do not allow teams to work on documents together. 它们不允许团队一起处理文档。

ANSWER:
答：

74. Which of the following is true of conference calls?
74. 以下哪一项适用于电话会议？

	a. 一个。	They use video-based technology. 他们使用基于视频的技术。
	b.	They avoid overlapping conversations. 他们避免了重叠的对话。
	c.	They are generally expensive. 它们通常很昂贵。
	d.	They connect multiple people in different locations. 它们将不同位置的多个人连接起来。
	e.	They accommodate only one-way communication. 它们只支持单向通信。

ANSWER:
答：

75. Which of the following is an important drawback of face-to-face meetings?
75. 以下哪一项是面对面会议的重要缺点？

	a. 一个。	They can fail if the room technology breaks. 如果房间技术出现故障，它们可能会失败。
	b.	They may lead to distractions when people multitask. 当人们同时处理多项任务时，它们可能会导致分心。
	c.	They are expensive if many people must travel to a meeting location. 如果许多人必须前往会议地点，则它们会很昂贵。
	d.	They fail to allow participants to develop meaningful relationships. 他们未能让参与者建立有意义的关系。
	e.	They cause overlapping conversations. 它们会导致重叠的对话。

ANSWER:
答：

76. A Harvard Business Review study found that what percent of managers felt that meetings were unproductive and inefficient?
76. 《哈佛商业评论》的一项研究发现，百分之几的管理者认为会议效率低下？

	a. 一个。	95%
	b.	60%
	c.	71%
	d.	20%

ANSWER:
答：

77. Leaders seeking to hold a successful business meeting should:
77. 寻求召开成功商务会议的领导者应该：

	a. 一个。	avoid inviting people who may cause conflict. 避免邀请可能引起冲突的人。
	b.	invite anyone who will have an opinion on the discussion topic. 邀请任何对讨论主题有意见的人。
	c.	invite everyone who might have hurt feelings if left out. 邀请所有如果被遗漏可能会伤害感情的人。
	d.	avoid inviting people who cannot contribute to the meeting. 避免邀请无法参与会议的人员。
	e.	always invite leaders at the next-higher level of the company. 始终邀请公司更高级别的领导者。

ANSWER:
答：

78. Which of the following is a typical factor to consider when choosing a meeting format?
78. 在选择会议形式时，以下哪一项是需要考虑的典型因素？

	a. 一个。	Common format used by major competitors 主要竞争对手使用的通用格式
	b.	Preference to avoid seeing a colleague face-to-face 避免与同事面对面的偏好
	c.	The logistics of bringing people together from different locations 将来自不同地点的人们聚集在一起的物流
	d.	Known conflicts between participants 参与者之间的已知冲突

ANSWER:
答：

79. What type of meeting format costs little and is easy to set up, but may lead to distractions when people multitask or forget to use the mute button?
79. 哪种类型的会议形式成本低且易于设置，但当人们同时处理多项任务或忘记使用静音按钮时可能会导致分心？

	a. 一个。	Synchronous texting 同步短信
	b.	Smartphone apps 智能手机应用程序
	c.	Face-to-face meetings 面对面会议
	d.	Conference calls 电话会议

ANSWER:
答：

80. Which of the following correctly describes an aspect of body movement as nonverbal communication?
80. 以下哪项正确地将身体运动的一个方面描述为非语言交流？

	a. 一个。	You should avoid gestures because they distract from your message. 您应该避免使用手势，因为它们会分散您的信息的注意力。
	b.	Most cultures stress the importance of maintaining eye contact. 大多数文化强调保持眼神交流的重要性。
	c.	You'll appear nervous if you lean forward during a business conversation. 如果您在商务对话中身体前倾，您会显得紧张。
	d.	Facial expressions may not be as universally understood as once thought. 面部表情可能并不像以前认为的那样被普遍理解。

ANSWER:
答：

81. Which of the following accurately describes body movement?
81. 以下哪项准确地描述了身体运动？

	a. 一个。	Facial expressions are the most expressive part of the body. 面部表情是身体最富有表现力的部位。
	b.	Gestures detract from your verbal message. 手势会分散您的口头信息。
	c.	Gestures are very similar in meaning across cultures. 手势在不同文化中的含义非常相似。
	d.	Body stance is the most reliable type of nonverbal communication. 身体姿势是最可靠的非语言交流类型。

ANSWER:
答：

82. Which statement accurately describes an aspect of voice qualities?
82. 哪句话准确地描述了声音品质的一个方面？

	a. 一个。	Nervous people usually talk slowly. 紧张的人通常说话很慢。
	b.	People who speak too loudly risk being interrupted. 说话声音太大的人有被打断的风险。
	c.	Tone can carry intended and unintended meaning. 语气可以带有有意和无意的含义。
	d.	Men are often coached to increase resonance. 男性经常被教导增加共鸣。

ANSWER:
答：

83. Which of the following is true of touch?
83. 以下哪一项是关于触摸的？

	a. 一个。	Touch is never appropriate in a business setting. 触摸在商业环境中从来都不合适。
	b.	The person junior in rank should initiate the handshake or other business greeting. 级别较浅的人应发起握手或其他商务问候。
	c.	Touch may be expected in certain circumstances. 在某些情况下，可能会有触摸。
	d.	Shaking hands remains the most common business greeting. 握手仍然是最常见的商务问候语。

ANSWER:
答：

84. Which of the following is true of touching?
84. 以下哪一项是关于触摸的？

	a. 一个。	It is necessary to make a good first impression. 有必要给人留下良好的第一印象。
	b.	It is encouraged in most companies. 大多数公司都鼓励这样做。
	c.	It is acceptable when well-intentioned. 如果出于善意，这是可以接受的。
	d.	It is only one way to build relationships. 这只是建立关系的一种方式。

ANSWER:
答：

85. Of the following, which would be the best definition of listening?
85. 在以下各项中，哪一项是倾听的最佳定义？

	a. 一个。	It is a passive process of perceiving a sound. 这是一个感知声音的被动过程。
	b.	It is a culturally sensitive process of interpretation. 这是一个对文化敏感的解释过程。
	c.	It is defined as sound waves striking the eardrum. 它被定义为声波撞击耳膜。
	d.	It is an active process of assigning meaning to sounds. 这是一个为声音分配意义的积极过程。
	e.	It is an accommodation to the transmission and reception of messages. 它是对消息传输和接收的便利。

ANSWER:
答：

86. Which of the following is a true statement about hearing?
86. 以下哪项是关于听力的真实陈述？

	a. 一个。	You can hear and still not listen. 你可以听到，但仍然听不见。
	b.	Hearing is simply perceiving sound. 听觉就是感知声音。
	c.	Hearing is an active process. 听觉是一个活跃的过程。
	d.	Hearing tends to tune out unusual sounds. 听力往往会屏蔽不寻常的声音。
	e.	Hearing involves much more than listening. 听力涉及的不仅仅是倾听。

ANSWER:
答：

87. Which of the following is probably the least developed of the verbal communication skills?
87. 以下哪项可能是语言沟通技巧中最不发达的？

	a. 一个。	Listening 注意的
	b.	Seeing 看到
	c.	Writing 写作
	d.	Reading 读数
	e.	Speaking 说

ANSWER:
答：

88. When you give the speaker your undivided attention, you:
88. 当你全神贯注地关注演讲者时，你：

	a. 一个。	focus on the speaker's comments. 专注于演讲者的评论。
	b.	focus on how the talk is delivered. 专注于演讲的传递方式。
	c.	consider how interesting the speaker is. 考虑一下 Speaker 有多有趣。
	d.	check to see whether the speaker maintains eye contact with the audience. 检查说话人是否与听众保持眼神交流。
	e.	focus on how well groomed and relaxed the speaker is. 关注扬声器的整洁和放松程度。

ANSWER:
答：

89. Which of the following is a good way to improve your listening skills?
89. 以下哪项是提高听力技巧的好方法？

	a. 一个。	Focus on the speaker's manner of delivery. 关注演讲者的表达方式。
	b.	Attend to content that is consistent with your point of view. 关注与您的观点一致的内容。
	c.	Interrupt the speaker when you have a question or an idea to share. 当您有问题或想法要分享时，打断演讲者。
	d.	Involve yourself by mentally planning replies to the speaker's points. 通过脑海计划对演讲者观点的回答来参与其中。
	e.	Maintain eye contact with the speaker to show interest. 与说话者保持眼神交流以表现出兴趣。

ANSWER:
答：

90. When you listen with an open mind, you:
90. 当你以开放的心态倾听时，你会：

	a. 一个。	think you "lose" if you come to agree with the speaker's position. 如果你同意演讲者的立场，就认为你“输了”。
	b.	seek to understand why the speaker is taking a certain viewpoint. 试图理解说话者为什么采取某种观点。
	c.	contrast the speaker's facts with your experience. 将演讲者的事实与您的经验进行对比。
	d.	apply a subjective frame of reference. 应用主观参考框架。
	e.	consider how the speaker looks, sounds, and acts. 考虑说话者的外观、声音和行为。

ANSWER:
答：

91. Allowing a few moments of silence in a conversation:
91. 在谈话中允许片刻的沉默：

	a. 一个。	conveys disrespect for the speaker. 传达对说话者的不尊重。
	b.	precludes effective problem solving. 妨碍了有效的问题解决。
	c.	puts pressure on you to rebut the speaker's ideas. 给你施加压力，让你反驳演讲者的想法。
	d.	shows that you have doubts about the speaker's views. 表明您对演讲者的观点有疑问。
	e.	allows the speaker time to elaborate. 让演讲者有时间详细说明。

ANSWER:
答：

92. When you are involved in listening to a speaker, you:
92. 当您参与聆听演讲者时，您：

	a. 一个。	think about how the information relates to you. 想想这些信息与你有什么关系。
	b.	prevent any uncomfortable silences. 防止任何令人不舒服的沉默。
	c.	plan your response to the main points. 计划您对要点的回应。
	d.	identify the weakest arguments and supporting details. 确定最弱的论点和支持细节。
	e.	focus on the source of the content and evaluate its credibility. 关注内容的来源并评估其可信度。

ANSWER:
答：

93. Which of the following would help a person become a better listener?
93. 以下哪项可以帮助一个人成为更好的倾听者？

	a. 一个。	Giving the speaker your undivided attention 全神贯注地关注演讲者
	b.	Interrupting when you know what the speaker is going to say 当您知道演讲者要说什么时打断
	c.	Being prepared to respond immediately 准备好立即响应
	d.	Planning what to say next 规划下一步要说什么
	e.	Taking detailed notes 做详细笔记

ANSWER:
答：

Subjective Short Answer
主观简答

94. Explain why teamwork can be superior to individual work.
94. 解释为什么团队合作优于个人工作。

ANSWER:
答：

Teams can usually accomplish more work than individuals can. A team's output often exceeds the total of the individuals' efforts. When team members rely on each other to achieve work goals, they can grow personally and professionally. When there is trust, team members accomplish tasks more easily, overcome challenges, and feel happier at work.
团队通常可以完成比个人更多的工作。团队的产出往往超过个人的努力总和。当团队成员相互依赖以实现工作目标时，他们可以在个人和专业上成长。当存在信任时，团队成员可以更轻松地完成任务、克服挑战并在工作中感到更快乐。

95. Discuss how conflict, conformity, and consensus affect teams.
95. 讨论冲突、一致性和共识如何影响团队。

ANSWER:
答：

Conflict emerges because people have differing ideas, but it can be a positive attribute of groups. The diverse ideas can help team members identify the best solutions and suggestions. However, personality conflicts can destroy the effectiveness of groups.
冲突的出现是因为人们有不同的想法，但它可能是群体的一个积极属性。不同的想法可以帮助团队成员确定最佳解决方案和建议。然而，性格冲突会破坏群体的有效性。

Conformity is needed for agreement on fundamental issues, such as how a group functions. When too much conformity exists, however, new, creative ideas are not expressed and the result may be a lack of innovative solutions and approaches. Pressure to conform is negative because only one viewpoint is aired.
在基本问题上达成一致是必要的，例如团体的运作方式。然而，当存在太多的一致性时，新的、创造性的想法就不会被表达出来，结果可能是缺乏创新的解决方案和方法。从众的压力是消极的，因为只有一个观点被播出。

Consensus occurs when groups reach a decision that best reflects the thinking of all group members. At some point, many decisions must be made that most members can accept and support even if they have some reservations.
当小组达成最能反映所有小组成员想法的决定时，就会达成共识。在某些时候，必须做出许多决定，即使他们有一些保留，大多数成员也可以接受和支持。

96. Why is "small talk" important when a group is first forming?
96. 为什么“闲聊”在一个团体刚成立时很重要？

ANSWER:
答：

People need to be able to trust the members of their team. When team members don't know each other, trust does not exist. By sharing personal information about their families, friends, hobbies, and so on, members become better able to build relationships and foster an open environment in which everyone is comfortable.
人们需要能够信任他们的团队成员。当团队成员彼此不了解时，信任就不存在。通过分享有关其家庭、朋友、爱好等的个人信息，成员能够更好地建立关系并营造一个让每个人都感到舒适的开放环境。

97. What are some ways to minimize and solve group problems?
97. 有哪些方法可以最大限度地减少和解决群体问题？

ANSWER:
答：

Group problems can be minimized or effectively handled when team members have gotten to know one another, established ground rules, and discussed behavioral norms. To overcome problems, team members should not blindly accept them, overreact to them, or underreact to them. Team members should maintain certain standards of ethical behavior, such as respecting others and acting with integrity. Members should welcome all contributions respectfully, regardless of whether they agree with what is said. Members should encourage each other to produce their best work, rather than blame or criticize them for not performing up to standard.
当团队成员相互了解、建立基本规则并讨论行为规范时，可以最大限度地减少或有效处理群体问题。为了克服问题，团队成员不应该盲目接受它们，对它们反应过度，或者对它们反应不足。团队成员应保持一定的道德行为标准，例如尊重他人和诚信行事。成员应该尊重地欢迎所有贡献，无论他们是否同意所说的内容。成员们应该互相鼓励，拿出最好的作品，而不是责备或批评他们没有达到标准。

98. Describe ethical dimensions of work-team communication.
98. 描述工作与团队沟通的道德维度。

ANSWER:
答：

Ethical standards dictate that team members put the good of the team ahead of their own personal agenda. Team members also have an ethical obligation to respect the integrity and emotional needs of other group members. Finally, each member has an ethical responsibility to contribute his or her best effort to the team's mission by engaging in appropriate behavior and refraining from counterproductive actions.
道德标准要求团队成员将团队的利益置于他们自己的个人议程之前。团队成员也有道德义务尊重其他团队成员的诚信和情感需求。最后，每个成员都有道德责任，通过采取适当的行为和避免适得其反的行为，为团队的使命尽最大努力。

99. Explain the steps for successful team writing.
99. 解释成功团队写作的步骤。

ANSWER:
答：

a. 一个。	Identify project requirements. Determine the project goals, identify project components, and decide how to share information. 确定项目要求。确定项目目标，确定项目组件，并决定如何共享信息。
b.	Create a project plan. Divide the work fairly and determine who will complete which task by when. 创建项目计划。公平地分配工作，并确定谁将在何时完成哪项任务。
c.	Draft the writing. Different members can write different parts of the document that relate to their fields of expertise, or one person may be in charge of drafting the entire document from information provided by group members. 起草写作。不同的成员可以编写与其专业领域相关的文档的不同部分，或者一个人可能负责根据小组成员提供的信息起草整个文档。
d.	Revise the writing. Enough time should be allowed for editing the draft. Each team member should review the entire draft and provide feedback. It should be written in a single "voice." 修改文字。应该留出足够的时间来编辑草稿。每个团队成员都应审查整个草稿并提供反馈。它应该用单一的 “声音” 来写。
e.	Finalize the project. Everyone should proofread the final document. The team should also be clear about delivery: who will submit the final version, in what format, and by when? 完成项目。每个人都应该校对最终文件。团队还应该清楚交付：谁将提交最终版本，以何种格式提交，以及何时提交？

100. What is the rationale for using "I" language when critiquing peer writing?
100. 在批评同行写作时使用“我”语言的理由是什么？

ANSWER:
答：

By stating "I don't understand this section" instead of "You need to make this section clearer," you focus on yourself and don't sound as judgmental, forceful, or critical of the reader. You are removing the "you," or receiver, from the criticism.
通过说 “我不理解这一部分 ”而不是 “你需要把这一部分说得更清楚 ”，你把注意力集中在自己身上，听起来不像是评判、强硬或批评读者。你正在从批评中删除“你”或接收者。

101. Early on, teams need to agree on how they'll operate and make decisions. What are some of the topics they should discuss?
101. 在早期，团队需要就他们将如何运营和做出决策达成一致。他们应该讨论哪些话题？

ANSWER:
答：

Answers will vary, but could include:
答案可能会有所不同，但可能包括：

a. 一个。	What happens if someone misses a deliverable or team meeting? 如果有人错过了可交付成果或团队会议，会发生什么情况？
b.	What if someone needs help completing a task? 如果有人需要帮助完成任务怎么办？
c.	How should conflicts between team members be resolved? 应该如何解决团队成员之间的冲突？
d.	How will the team make important decisions? 团队将如何做出重要决策？

102. What ethical obligations come with belonging to a team?
102. 属于团队会带来哪些道德义务？

ANSWER:
答：

Teamwork requires that participants balance their own needs with the larger responsibility to the team. Members should set aside private agendas and avoid advocating positions that might benefit them personally but not be best for the team. Promoting the well-being of the team means refraining from destructive gossip, dominating meetings, sabotaging work, or belittling the contributions of others. Being part of a team lets you encourage team members when goals are not met, and to celebrate the success of every member who contributes to the team goals.
团队合作要求参与者平衡自己的需求和对团队的更大责任。成员应该搁置私人议程，避免倡导可能对他们个人有利但对团队不利的立场。促进团队的福祉意味着避免破坏性的八卦、主导会议、破坏工作或贬低他人的贡献。成为团队的一员可以让您在目标未实现时鼓励团队成员，并庆祝为团队目标做出贡献的每位成员的成功。

103. Why is the ability to conduct and participate in meetings a crucial management skill?
103. 为什么主持和参加会议的能力是一项至关重要的管理技能？

ANSWER:
答：

Whether in person or through technology, people meet to share information, provide team progress updates, solicit and provide input, solve problems, make decisions—and start, maintain, and sometimes end relationships. Unfortunately, many meetings are unnecessary and poorly run. In response to one survey, a majority of managers said meetings were unproductive and inefficient, and that meetings kept them from getting their own work done or from doing deep thinking. However, meetings can work well if the facilitator and attendees have the skills to conduct them and participate effectively.
无论是面对面还是通过技术，人们都会见面以共享信息、提供团队进度更新、征求和提供意见、解决问题、做出决策，以及开始、维护和有时结束关系。不幸的是，许多会议是不必要的，而且运行不善。在一项调查的回复中，大多数管理者表示，会议效率低下，会议使他们无法完成自己的工作或进行深入思考。然而，如果主持人和与会者具备进行和有效参与的技能，那么会议可以很好地进行。

104. Why is it necessary to develop an agenda for a meeting?
104. 为什么需要制定会议议程？

ANSWER:
答：

An agenda helps the leader prepare for the meeting by showing what background information he or she needs. Furthermore, an agenda helps the leader conduct the meeting by keeping participants focused on the topics.
议程通过显示他或她需要的背景信息来帮助领导者为会议做准备。此外，议程通过让参与者专注于主题来帮助领导者召开会议。

105. You are responsible for leading a meeting. What are some of your primary responsibilities?
105. 您负责主持会议。您的主要职责是什么？

ANSWER:
答：

The leader should determine the purpose of the meeting and decide who should attend. The leader should prepare an agenda and follow it to keep the meeting focused and achieve its purpose. In addition, the leader should encourage participation and facilitate the discussion. Finally, the leader should summarize the meeting and end it on time.
领导者应确定会议的目的并决定谁应该参加。领导者应该准备一个议程并遵循它，以保持会议的重点并实现其目的。此外，领导者应鼓励参与并促进讨论。最后，领导者应该总结会议并按时结束。

106. What are the advantages and disadvantages of video or online meetings?
106. 视频或在线会议的优缺点是什么？

ANSWER:
答：

Video or online meetings can save money that would be spent on travel. Because it is multichannel and can include telepresence, it may be the best alternative to a face-to-face meeting. On the other hand, the technology may be expensive and may be subject to breakdowns or user error. They may also lead to Zoom fatigue.
视频或在线会议可以节省用于旅行的费用。因为它是多渠道的，并且可以包括远程呈现，所以它可能是面对面会议的最佳选择。另一方面，该技术可能很昂贵，并且可能会出现故障或用户错误。它们还可能导致 Zoom 疲劳。

107. Give an example of a nonverbal message that reinforces a verbal message and of a nonverbal message that contradicts a verbal message.
107. 举一个例子，一个强化语言信息的非语言信息，以及一个与口头信息相矛盾的非语言信息。

ANSWER:
答：

Students will have a variety of answers. Here are two examples of each. 1. Looking a student in the eye and smiling while praising the student; 2. A business executive maintaining eye contact, smiling, and shaking hands firmly when greeting a client; 3. Saying "Good morning" in a somber tone without smiling; 4. Acting extremely nervous and not maintaining eye contact while listing your qualifications for the position during an important job interview.
学生将有各种各样的答案。以下是每种方法的两个示例。1. 看着学生的眼睛，在表扬学生的同时微笑;2. 业务主管在向客户打招呼时保持眼神交流、微笑和坚定地握手;3. 用忧郁的语气说“早上好”，不笑;4. 在重要的求职面试中，在列出你的职位资格时表现得非常紧张，不保持眼神交流。

108. It has been said that your face (especially your eyes) is the most expressive part of your body. Explain the importance of eye contact, and how to maintain it during videoconferencing.
108. 有人说，你的脸（尤其是你的眼睛）是你身体最有表现力的部分。解释眼神交流的重要性，以及如何在视频会议期间保持眼神交流。

ANSWER:
答：

Maintaining eye contact indicates that you are interested in someone's ideas or conversation. We typically look at people’s faces and not directly into the camera. Research shows that looking a bit downward is generally acceptable, but people are sensitive to sideways eye contact. To give the appearance of direct eye contact, place the other person’s image as close to the camera as possible and sit back a little, although not so much that your image is too small. To see your own eye contact, take screenshots to compare how you look when you gaze at different parts of your screen and camera.
保持眼神交流表明您对某人的想法或对话感兴趣。我们通常会看人的脸，而不是直接对着相机。研究表明，稍微向下看通常是可以接受的，但人们对侧面的眼神接触很敏感。为了给人一种直接眼神交流的感觉，请将对方的图像尽可能靠近相机并稍微向后坐，但不要太小，以免您的图像太小。要查看您自己的眼神交流，请截取屏幕截图以比较您凝视屏幕和相机的不同部分时的外观。

109. Briefly explain how (a) facial expressions and gestures, (b) body movement, (c) physical appearance, (d) voice qualities, and (e) touch are important nonverbal communication techniques in conveying messages to an audience.
109. 简要说明（a）面部表情和手势，（b）身体动作，（c）外表，（d）声音质量和（e）触摸是向观众传达信息的重要非语言交流技巧。

ANSWER:
答：

a. 一个。	Facial expressions and gestures. Eye contact indicates interest in a topic. Gestures, such as hand motions, emphasize different ideas. 面部表情和手势。眼神交流表示对某个主题感兴趣。手势（如手部动作）强调不同的想法。
b.	Body movement. Body stance can indicate confidence as well as levels of interest and involvement. 身体运动。身体姿势可以表明信心以及兴趣和参与度的水平。
c.	Physical appearance. Attractive people are seen as more intelligent. They are able to persuade their audience better than unattractive people. Attractiveness gains attention. 外貌。有吸引力的人被认为更聪明。他们能够比没有吸引力的人更好地说服他们的观众。吸引力获得关注。
d.	Voice qualities. Volume, speed, pitch, tone, and accent are used to emphasize or subordinate ideas. Varying these elements sustains the interest of the audience and can be used to indicate meaning. 语音质量。音量、速度、音高、语气和重音用于强调或从属概念。改变这些元素可以保持观众的兴趣，并可用于表示含义。
e.	Touch. Touching in the office may be unwelcome. However, lightly touching someone may be appropriate, or even expected when, for example, someone suffers a tragedy. Handshakes, once the most common business greeting, have also fallen out of favor because of concerns over transmissible diseases. 触摸。在办公室触摸可能是不受欢迎的。然而，轻轻触摸某人可能是适当的，甚至在某人遭受悲剧时是意料之中的。握手曾经是最常见的商务问候语，但由于对传染性疾病的担忧，也已经失宠。

110. Explain some of the causes of poor listening.
110. 解释听力不佳的一些原因。

ANSWER:
答：

A major cause of poor listening skills is lack of instruction. What skills we do acquire we tend to develop on our own. Poor listening is also caused because we think faster than we speak. This disparity causes our minds to wander and to lose concentration.
听力技巧不佳的一个主要原因是缺乏指导。我们获得的东西，我们往往是自己培养的。听力不佳也是因为我们思考的速度比说话快。这种差异导致我们的思想走神并失去注意力。

111. What might be some results of ineffective listening? Explain how these results can affect a business.
111. 无效倾听可能会带来什么结果？说明这些结果如何影响企业。

ANSWER:
答：

Ineffective listening can be frustrating for the speaker, and contributes to misunderstandings and a feeling of not being valued. In business, listening impacts tasks and relationships. While effective listening can improve tasks and relationships, ineffective listening can harm them. For example, ineffective listening may reduce the accuracy of communication, increase misunderstandings about new tasks, or discourage timely feedback. Students' answers will vary.
无效的倾听可能会让说话者感到沮丧，并导致误解和不被重视的感觉。在商业中，倾听会影响任务和人际关系。虽然有效的倾听可以改善任务和人际关系，但无效的倾听会伤害它们。例如，无效的倾听可能会降低沟通的准确性，增加对新任务的误解，或阻碍及时的反馈。学生的答案会有所不同。

112. Discuss the differences between hearing and listening.
112. 讨论听力和听力之间的区别。

ANSWER:
答：

Hearing is the process of merely perceiving sound; it is a passive process. Listening, on the other hand, is an active process because you interpret and assign meaning to the sounds that you hear.
听觉是仅仅感知声音的过程;这是一个被动的过程。另一方面，倾听是一个主动的过程，因为你要为你听到的声音解释和赋予意义。

113. What are some ways you can give a speaker your undivided attention?
113. 您可以通过哪些方式全神贯注地关注演讲者？

ANSWER:
答：

Avoid tuning out the speaker even if you hear certain familiar themes or if the speaker is boring. Do not play with objects such as pencils and paper clips during the presentation. Make a concerted effort to avoid mental distractions like fatigue. Maintaining eye contact helps you pay more attention to the speaker. Finally, concentrate on what is being said, not on how the speaker is presenting the material.
即使您听到某些熟悉的主题或扬声器很无聊，也请避免调出扬声器。演示过程中不要玩弄铅笔和回形针等物体。齐心协力避免疲劳等精神干扰。保持眼神交流有助于您更加关注扬声器。最后，专注于所说的内容，而不是演讲者如何呈现材料。

114. Explain how you can be an active listener.
114. 解释如何成为一个积极的倾听者。

ANSWER:
答：

Because listening is active, you should be doing something while the other person is speaking. Both verbal and nonverbal actions are important. Specific suggestions to be a more active listener include:
因为倾听是主动的，所以你应该在对方说话的时候做一些事情。语言和非语言行为都很重要。成为更积极倾听者的具体建议包括：

Jot down brief notes, translating what you hear into writing.
记下简短的笔记，将您听到的内容翻译成书面内容。

Listen for what you need and consider how the information might be useful to you.
倾听您的需求，并考虑这些信息对您有何用处。

Maintain eye contact, nod in agreement, lean forward, and use encouraging phrases.
保持眼神交流，点头同意，身体前倾，并使用鼓励性的短语。