滨江学院

本科生毕业论文(设计)

题 目 跨文化视角下《月亮与六便士》傅惟慈译本中人物形象重构的研究

学 院 人文法政学院 

专 业 英语 

二Ｏ二四 年 四 月 十五 日

The study on the reconstruction of characters in Fu Weizi's translation of The Moon and Sixpence from a cross-cultural perspective
跨文化视角下傅未子译《月亮与六便士》中人物重构研究

By Xia Jiangyang
作者：夏江阳

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
部分满足以下要求

The Degree of Bachelor of Arts
文学学士学位

Department of Foreign Languages
外语系

Binjiang College
滨江学院

Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology
南京信息工程大学

April 2024
2024 年 4 月

Contents
内容

Chapter One Introduction 1
第一章 引言 1

1.1 Research Background 1
1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.1 The Literary Value and Influence of The Moon and Sixpence 1
1.1.1 《月亮与六便士》的文学价值和影响 1

1.1.2 The Position of Fu Weici's Translation in the Chinese Literary Circle 1
1.1.2 傅未慈译在中国文坛的地位 1

1.2 Research Origin and Purpose 2
1.2 研究来源和目的 2

1.2.1 Exploring the Influence of Translation on Literary Characters 2
1.2.1 探索翻译对文学人物的影响 2

1.2.2 Understanding Cultural Adaptation and Innovation in Cross-Cultural Communication 2
1.2.2 理解跨文化交际中的文化适应与创新 2

1.3 Scope of Study and Problem Statement 2
1.3 研究范围和问题陈述 2

1.3.1 Definition of the Scope of Study 2
1.3.1 研究范围的定义 2

1.3.2 Major Research Questions 3
1.3.2 主要研究课题 3

1.4 Selection of Methodology 3
1.4 方法的选择 3

1.4.1 Comparative Literary Method 3
1.4.1 比较文学方法 3

1.4.2 Textual Analysis Method 3
1.4.2 文本分析方法3

Chapter Two Literature Review and Theoretical Framework 4
第二章 文献综述与理论框架 4

2.1 Domestic and International Research Review 4
2.1 国内和国际研究综述 4

2.1.1 Domestic Research Review 4
2.1.1 国内研究综述 4

2.1.2 International Research Review 4
2.1.2 国际研究综述 4

2.2 Theoretical Framework 5
2.2 理论框架 5

2.2.1 Development of Translation Theory 5
2.2.1 翻译理论的发展 5

2.2.2 Theory of Cross-Cultural Communication 5
2.2.2 跨文化交际理论 5

Chapter Three Comparison Analysis between the Original Text and Fu Weici's Translation. 7
第三章 原文与傅维慈译本的比较分析。7

3.1 Analysis of the Reshaping of Character Images 7
3.1 人物形象重塑分析 7

3.1.1 Transformation of Character Personality and Inner World 7
3.1.1 性格、人格和内心世界的转变 7

3.1.2 Interpretation of Character Fate 7
3.1.2 角色命运的解释 7

3.2 The Influence of Acculturation and Transformation on the Construction of Character Image 8
3.2 文化适应与转化对人物形象建构的影响 8

3.2.1 Cultural Adaptations in Character Portrayal 8
3.2.1 人物肖像中的文化适应 8

3.2.2 Transformation of Character Motivations and Behaviors 9
3.2.2 性格动机和行为的转变 9

Chapter Four The Characteristics and Influences of the Characters in Fu Weici's Translation 11
第四章 傅维慈译文中人物的特征与影响 11

4.1 The Expression Style of Fu Weici's Translation 11
4.1 傅维慈译文的表达风格 11

4.1.1 The Tone in Fu Weici's Translation 11
4.1.1 傅维慈译文的语气 11

4.1.2 Rhetoric and Symbolism in Fu Weici's Translation 12
4.1.2 傅维慈译本中的修辞与象征 12

4.2 The Reconstruction of Values is Reflected in the Image of Characters 13
4.2 价值观的重构体现在人物形象上 13

4.2.1 An Interpretation of the Values Embodied in the Character's Behavior 13
4.2.1 对角色行为所体现的价值观的解释 13

4.2.2 The Interpretation and Secondary Reconstruction of the Metaphor of Character Image 13
4.2.2 人物形象隐喻的解读与二次重构 13

Chapter Five Conclusion and Outlook 15
第五章 结论与展望 15

References 16
参考资料 16

Acknowledgments 18
致谢 18

《月亮与六便士》中人物形象的重构：傅惟慈译本与原著比较研究

夏江阳

南京信息工程大学滨江学院，江苏 无锡 214105

摘 要：本文通过对比分析傅惟慈的译本和原著，探讨了《月亮与六便士》中人物形象的重构。本研究从探讨《月亮与六便士》的文学价值和影响以及傅惟慈翻译在中国文坛的意义入手，旨在探讨翻译对文学人物的影响。本研究采用了比较文学的方法和文本分析来审视人物形象的转变，包括性格、内心世界和对命运的解读。此外，它还研究了文化适应对构建人物形象的影响，重点是人物形象塑造和角色行为动机的转变。通过这种对比分析，本文还强调了东西方价值观结合对人物形象的重建。最后，论文总结了傅惟慈译本中人物形象的特点和影响，并对人物行为所体现的价值观的重新阐释和文本中隐喻的重塑进行了思考。

关键词：重塑；人物形象；《月亮与六便士》；比较研究；傅惟慈译本

Reconstruction of Character Images in The Moon and Sixpence：A Comparative Study between Fu Weici's Translation and the Original Work
《月亮与六便士》中人物形象的重构——傅未慈译作与原著的比较研究

Xia Jiangyang
夏江阳

Binjiang College, NUIST, Wuxi 214105, China
滨江学院， NUIST， 无锡214105， 中国

Abstract: This study explores the reconstruction of character images in The Moon and Sixpence through a comparative analysis of Fu Weici's translation and the original work. Starting with an investigation into the literary value and influence of The Moon and Sixpence and the significance of Fu Weici's translation in the Chinese literary scene, the research aims to delve into the impact of translation on literary characters. The study employs comparative literature methods and textual analysis to examine the transformation of character images, including personality, inner world, and interpretations of destiny. Furthermore, it investigates the influence of cultural adaptation on constructing character images, focusing on the shaping of character images and the transformation of character motivations. Through this comparative analysis, the study also emphasizes the reconstruction of character images through the fusion of Eastern and Western values. Lastly, the paper summarizes the characteristics and impact of character images in Fu Weici's translation, reflecting on the reinterpretation of values embodied in character behavior and the reshaping of metaphors in the text.
摘要： 本研究通过对傅未慈译作与原著的比较分析，探讨了《月亮与六便士》中人物形象的重构。本研究从《月亮与六便士》的文学价值和影响以及傅未慈的翻译在中国文坛的意义出发，深入探讨翻译对文学人物的影响。本研究采用比较文学方法和文本分析来研究人物形象的转变，包括人格、内心世界和对命运的解释。此外，它还研究了文化适应对人物形象建构的影响，重点关注人物形象的塑造和人物动机的转变。通过这种比较分析，本研究还强调了通过东西方价值观的融合对人物形象的重构。最后，总结了傅维慈译作中人物意象的特点和影响，反思了对人物行为所蕴含的价值的重新诠释和对文本中隐喻的重塑。

Keywords: Reconstruction; Character Images; The Moon and Sixpence; Comparative Study; Fu Weici's Translation
关键词：重建;人物形象;月亮和六便士;比较研究;傅伟慈译

Chapter One Introduction
第一章 引言

In the realm of literature, certain works transcend temporal and geographical boundaries, leaving an indelible mark on literary discourse and cultural consciousness. Among these, W. Somerset Maugham's The Moon and Sixpence stands as a testament to the enduring power of storytelling and artistic exploration. This chapter serves as an introduction to the research endeavor, laying the groundwork for a nuanced examination of the novel and its translation, particularly within the context of character portrayal and cultural adaptation.
在文学领域，某些作品超越了时域界限，在文学话语和文化意识上留下了不可磨灭的印记。其中，W·萨默塞特·毛姆的《月亮与六便士》证明了讲故事和艺术探索的持久力量。本章作为研究工作的引子，为细致入微地研究小说及其翻译奠定了基础，特别是在人物刻画和文化适应的背景下。

Research Background
研究背景

1.1.1 The Literary Value and Influence of The Moon and Sixpence
1.1.1 《月亮与六便士》的文学价值与影响

In exploring the literary value and influence of The Moon and Sixpence, it is essential to delve into its reception within the literary community and its impact on subsequent works. W. Somerset Maugham's novel has garnered significant critical attention since its publication, with scholars praising its depth of characterization, thematic complexity, and exploration of the artistic temperament. Maugham's portrayal of the protagonist, Charles Strickland, has been a subject of extensive analysis. Critics have lauded Maugham's adept depiction of Strickland's enigmatic persona and his relentless pursuit of artistic expression, which resonates with readers across generations. According to Smith, Maugham's exploration of themes such as passion, sacrifice, and the conflict between societal norms and individual autonomy has cemented The Moon and Sixpence as a classic of modern literature (Smith 2018: 78). The novel's enduring appeal lies in its ability to evoke a profound sense of introspection and empathy in readers, inviting them to reflect on the complexities of human nature and the pursuit of authenticity. Moreover, The Moon and Sixpence has exerted a profound influence on subsequent generations of writers, inspiring adaptations, reimaginings, and scholarly inquiries into its themes and motifs. Johnson argues that the novel's legacy extends beyond the realm of literature, permeating popular culture with references to its characters and themes that continue to resonate with audiences worldwide (Johnson 2020: 123-140). By examining the reception history and critical discourse surrounding "The Moon and Sixpence," we can gain valuable insights into its enduring literary significance and its place within the broader landscape of modernist literature.
在探索《月亮与六便士》的文学价值和影响力时，必须深入研究它在文学界的接受度及其对后续作品的影响。W·萨默塞特·毛姆的小说自出版以来就引起了极大的评论界关注，学者们称赞其人物刻画的深度、主题的复杂性和对艺术气质的探索。毛姆对主人公查尔斯·斯特里克兰德的刻画一直是广泛分析的主题。评论家们称赞毛姆对斯特里克兰神秘人物的娴熟描绘以及他对艺术表达的不懈追求，引起了几代读者的共鸣。根据史密斯的说法，毛姆对激情、牺牲以及社会规范与个人自主之间的冲突等主题的探索巩固了《月亮与六便士》作为现代文学经典的地位（史密斯 2018：78）。这部小说经久不衰的吸引力在于它能够唤起读者深刻的内省和同理心，邀请他们反思人性的复杂性和对真实的追求。此外，《月亮与六便士》对后世作家产生了深远的影响，激发了对其主题和主题的改编、重新想象和学术研究。约翰逊认为，这部小说的遗产超越了文学领域，渗透到流行文化中，其中提到了其人物和主题，继续引起全球观众的共鸣（约翰逊 2020：123-140）。通过研究围绕《月亮与六便士》的接受历史和批评话语，我们可以获得对其经久不衰的文学意义及其在现代主义文学广阔景观中的地位的宝贵见解。

1.1.2 The Position of Fu Weici's Translation in the Chinese Literary Circle
1.1.2 傅维慈译在中国文坛的地位

Fu Weici's translation of The Moon and Sixpence occupies a distinctive place within the rich tapestry of the Chinese literary circle, serving as a conduit for cultural exchange and artistic appreciation. Since its publication, Fu Weici's translation has garnered significant attention and acclaim, contributing to the dissemination of W. Somerset Maugham's masterpiece among Chinese readers. According to Li, Fu Weici's translation is recognized for its linguistic fidelity and cultural sensitivity, capturing the essence of Maugham's prose while making it accessible to a Chinese audience (Li 2019: 45). Through meticulous attention to detail and a deep understanding of both source and target cultures, Fu Weici has succeeded in bridging the gap between English and Chinese literature, enriching the literary landscape in China. Furthermore, Fu Weici's translation has sparked scholarly discussions and critical inquiries into the nuances of cross-cultural translation and adaptation. Scholars such as Wang have lauded Fu Weici's translation as a milestone in the reception of Western literature in China, highlighting its role in fostering intercultural dialogue and mutual understanding (Wang 2020:78). In addition to its literary significance, Fu Weici's translation has also played a pivotal role in shaping readers' perceptions of Western literature and culture. By introducing Chinese readers to the world of "The Moon and Sixpence," Fu Weici has broadened their horizons and deepened their appreciation for the universal themes and human experiences depicted in Maugham's novel.
傅未慈翻译的《月亮与六便士》在中国文坛的丰富胸怀中占有一席之地，是文化交流和艺术欣赏的渠道。自出版以来，傅未慈的译本获得了极大的关注和赞誉，为W.萨默塞特·毛姆的杰作在中国读者中的传播做出了贡献。据李说，傅未慈的翻译因其语言保真度和文化敏感性而受到认可，抓住了毛姆散文的精髓，同时让中国读者也能理解（李 2019：45）。通过对细节的一丝不苟和对源头文化和目标文化的深刻理解，傅未慈成功地弥合了中英文学之间的鸿沟，丰富了中国的文学景观。此外，傅伟慈的翻译引发了学术讨论和对跨文化翻译和改编的细微差别的批判性探究。王等学者称赞傅未慈的翻译是中国接受西方文学的里程碑，强调了其在促进跨文化对话和相互理解方面的作用（王 2020：78）。除了文学意义外，傅未慈的翻译在塑造读者对西方文学和文化的认知方面也发挥了举足轻重的作用。傅未慈通过向中国读者介绍《月亮与六便士》的世界，拓宽了他们的视野，加深了他们对毛姆小说中描绘的普遍主题和人类经历的欣赏。

Research Origin and Purpose
研究起源和目的

1.2.1 Exploring the Influence of Translation on Literary Characters
1.2.1 探索翻译对文学人物的影响

The genesis of this research project lies in a profound curiosity about the transformative power of translation and its impact on the portrayal of literary characters. Literature serves as a mirror reflecting the intricacies of human experience, and translation plays a crucial role in mediating the encounter between readers and characters across cultures and languages. Against this backdrop, this study seeks to unravel the multifaceted relationship between translation and the depiction of literary characters, with a specific focus on W. Somerset Maugham's The Moon and Sixpence and its translation by Fu Weici.
这个研究项目的起源在于对翻译的变革力量及其对文学人物刻画的影响的深刻好奇心。文学是一面镜子，反映了人类经验的复杂性，翻译在跨文化和语言的读者和人物之间的相遇中起着至关重要的作用。在此背景下，本研究试图揭示翻译与文学人物刻画之间的多方面关系，特别关注W.萨默塞特·毛姆的《月亮与六便士》及其傅唯慈的翻译。

1.2.2 Understanding Cultural Adaptation and Innovation in Cross-Cultural Communication
1.2.2 理解跨文化交际中的文化适应与创新

By examining the process of cultural adaptation in the translation of "The Moon and Sixpence," this research aims to shed light on how cultural nuances are preserved, transformed, or negotiated in the act of translation. Through a comparative analysis of the original work and its translation, we seek to uncover the strategies employed by the translator to bridge the gap between source and target cultures, while also capturing the essence of the original text.
通过考察《月亮与六便士》翻译中的文化适应过程，本研究旨在阐明文化细微差别在翻译行为中是如何被保留、转化或协商的。通过对原著及其翻译的比较分析，我们试图揭示译者在弥合源文化和目标文化之间差距所采用的策略，同时捕捉原文的精髓。

Scope of Study and Problem Statement
研究范围和问题陈述

1.3.1 Definition of the Scope of Study
1.3.1 研究范围的定义

The scope of this study is defined by its focus on the translation of The Moon and Sixpence by W. Somerset Maugham into Chinese by Fu Weici, and the subsequent analysis of the portrayal of literary characters and cultural adaptation within the translated text. Specifically, the study will concentrate on the following aspects: 1) Character Portrayal: The study will analyze how the translation process influences the depiction of characters, including their personality traits, motivations, and psychological depth. By comparing the portrayal of characters in the original work and its translation, we aim to identify any deviations or nuances in character representation. 2)Cultural Adaptation: The study will examine the process of cultural adaptation in the translation of "The Moon and Sixpence," focusing on how cultural nuances are preserved, transformed, or negotiated in the translated text. This includes analyzing how cultural values, norms, and symbols are interpreted and adapted to resonate with the target audience. 3)Textual Analysis: Through a close textual analysis of key passages and character interactions, the study will explore the linguistic and stylistic choices made by the translator to convey the essence of the original text while ensuring cultural relevance and accessibility for Chinese readers. 4) Comparative Approach: The study will adopt a comparative approach, juxtaposing excerpts from the original work with their translated counterparts to discern the impact of translation choices on character portrayal and cultural adaptation. This comparative analysis will facilitate a nuanced understanding of the complexities of translation and its influence on literary interpretation.
本研究的重点在于将W.萨默塞特·毛姆的《月亮与六便士》翻译成傅唯慈的中文，以及随后对翻译文本中文学人物的刻画和文化适应的分析。具体而言，本研究将集中在以下几个方面：1）人物刻画：本研究将分析翻译过程如何影响人物刻画，包括他们的性格特征、动机和心理深度。通过比较原著中人物的刻画及其翻译，我们旨在识别人物表现中的任何偏差或细微差别。2）文化适应：本研究将考察《月亮与六便士》翻译中的文化适应过程，重点关注文化细微差别如何在翻译文本中保留、转化或协商。这包括分析如何解释和调整文化价值观、规范和符号以引起目标受众的共鸣。3）文本分析：通过对关键段落和人物互动的严密文本分析，本研究将探讨译者在语言和文体上做出的选择，以传达原文的精髓，同时确保文化相关性和中国读者的可及性。4）比较方法：本研究将采用比较方法，将原著的摘录与翻译的对应物并列，以辨别翻译选择对人物刻画和文化适应的影响。这种比较分析将有助于对翻译的复杂性及其对文学解释的影响的细致入微的理解。

1.3.2 Major Research Questions
1.3.2 主要研究课题

1) How does Fu Weici's translation of The Moon and Sixpence depict the characters originally created by W. Somerset Maugham?
1）傅未慈翻译的《月亮与六便士》如何描绘W.萨默塞特·毛姆最初创造的人物？

2) What are the key differences and similarities in the portrayal of character personalities, motivations, and psychological depth between the original work and its translation?
2）原著和译作在人物性格、动机、心理深度的刻画上有哪些主要的异同？

Selection of Methodology
方法的选择

1.4.1 Comparative Literary Method
1.4.1 比较文学方法

The comparative literary method will serve as the primary approach for this research project, facilitating a systematic analysis of The Moon and Sixpence and its translation by Fu Weici. This method involves a detailed examination of both the original work and its translated counterpart, with a focus on identifying similarities, differences, and nuances in character portrayal, cultural adaptation, and linguistic expression.
比较文学方法将作为本研究项目的主要方法，有助于对《月亮与六便士》及其傅伟慈的翻译进行系统分析。这种方法涉及对原作及其翻译作品的详细检查，重点是识别人物刻画、文化适应和语言表达方面的异同和细微差别。

1.4.2 Textual Analysis Method
1.4.2 文本分析方法

In addition to the comparative literary method, the research will also employ a textual analysis method to delve deeper into the nuances of The Moon and Sixpence and its translation by Fu Weici. This method will complement the comparative approach by focusing on specific textual elements, linguistic choices, and stylistic features within the original work and its translation.
除了比较文学方法外，本研究还将采用文本分析方法，深入研究《月亮与六便士》及其傅维慈翻译的细微差别。这种方法将通过关注原作及其翻译中的特定文本元素、语言选择和文体特征来补充比较方法。

Chapter Two Literature Review and Theoretical Framework
第二章 文献综述与理论框架

2.1 Domestic and International Research Review
2.1 国内和国际研究综述

2.1.1 Domestic Research Review
2.1.1 国内研究综述

In the comparative studies of translated works and their originals in the domestic academic community, scholars generally focus on issues such as cultural adaptation, linguistic transformation, and the reshaping of character images in the process of literary translation. Chen Pingyuan points out in his work that translators not only accurately convey the literary charm and emotional hues of the original works but also need to transform the characters' images in the cultural context into forms that are more in line with the aesthetic and cultural understanding of Eastern readers (Chen 2010:28). Zhou Guoping, from the perspective of cultural exchange, believes that for translation to achieve fidelity, elegance, and a complete representation of the characters in the work, a comparative analysis of character descriptions in the original and translated versions should be conducted to adapt the work to a new cultural context, thereby promoting cross-cultural understanding and communication (Zhou 2013:37). In addition, Liu Miqing conducts an in-depth analysis of the language style in literary translation and designs relevant strategies. Liu believes that translation needs to be designed in conjunction with the cultural background, thereby providing Chinese readers with texts that are easy to understand (Liu 2008:128). It can be seen that domestic scholars' research on translation not only focuses on language skills and cultural adaptation but also delves into the important role of translation in cultural exchange and literary innovation. The aforementioned studies provide future researchers with a deeper understanding of the translation profession and offer valuable perspectives on the role of literary translation in cross-cultural communication.
在国内学术界对翻译作品及其原作的比较研究中，学者们普遍关注文学翻译过程中的文化适应、语言转化、人物形象重塑等问题。陈平远在著作中指出，译者不仅要准确传达原著的文学魅力和情感色彩，还需要将文化语境中的人物形象转化为更符合东方读者审美和文化理解的形式（陈平远，2010：28）。周 国平从文化交流的角度认为，要使翻译达到作品中人物的忠实、优雅和完整表现，应该对原译版本中的人物描述进行比较分析，使作品适应新的文化语境，从而促进跨文化理解和交流（周 2013：37）。此外，刘密清还对文学翻译中的语言风格进行了深入的分析，并设计了相关策略。刘认为，翻译需要结合文化背景进行设计，从而为中国读者提供易于理解的文本（Liu 2008：128）。可以看出，国内学者对翻译的研究不仅关注语言技能和文化适应，还深入探讨了翻译在文化交流和文学创新中的重要作用。上述研究为未来的研究人员提供了对翻译专业的更深入理解，并为文学翻译在跨文化交际中的作用提供了有价值的视角。

2.1.2 International Research Review
2.1.2 国际研究回顾

In the international academic community's research on translation-related theories, scholars generally focus on cultural adaptation, linguistic transformation, and the influence of cultural differences on translation. Bassnett, S emphasizes the importance of translation as a transcultural communication activity, arguing that its primary function lies in the transmission and reshaping of culture. Through comparative analysis of translation practices in different cultural contexts, Bassnett, S elucidates the crucial role of translation in fostering understanding and communication across diverse cultures (Bassnett 2014: 11). Lefevere, A, from the perspective of cultural hegemony, explores the status and role of translation in global cultural exchange. He posits that translation serves not only as a tool for cultural exchange but also as a battleground for cultural hegemony and resistance. Lefevere, A underscores the importance of translation strategies in shaping the literary and cultural landscape of the receiving culture, advocating for "foreignization" strategies to challenge the norms and expectations of the target culture (Lefevere 1992:22). Venuti, L, approaches the topic from the perspective of rewriting theory, discussing translation as a form of literary rewriting activity. Venuti, L argues that translation is a rewriting of the original text, influenced not only by linguistic constraints but also by social, political, and cultural factors (Venuti 2008:324). It is evident that in the international academic community, scholars are not only concerned with the technical aspects of translation but also with its profound implications for cultural exchange and literary innovation.
在国际学术界对翻译相关理论的研究中，学者们普遍关注文化适应、语言转型以及文化差异对翻译的影响。Bassnett， S 强调翻译作为一种跨文化交流活动的重要性，认为其主要功能在于文化的传播和重塑。通过对不同文化背景下的翻译实践的比较分析，Bassnett， S 阐明了翻译在促进跨不同文化的理解和交流方面的关键作用（Bassnett 2014：11）。Lefevere， A从文化霸权的角度，探讨了翻译在全球文化交流中的地位和作用。他认为，翻译不仅是文化交流的工具，也是文化霸权和反抗的战场。Lefevere， A 强调了翻译策略在塑造接受文化的文学和文化景观方面的重要性，倡导“外国化”策略来挑战目标文化的规范和期望（Lefevere 1992：22）。Venuti， L 从重写理论的角度探讨了这个话题，将翻译作为文学重写活动的一种形式进行讨论。Venuti， L 认为翻译是对原文的重写，不仅受到语言限制的影响，还受到社会、政治和文化因素的影响（Venuti 2008：324）。显然，在国际学术界，学者们不仅关注翻译的技术层面，还关注其对文化交流和文学创新的深远影响。

2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.2 理论框架

2.2.1 Development of Translation Theory
2.2.1 翻译理论的发展

The theoretical framework of this study is anchored in the evolution of translation theory, which has witnessed significant advancements and diversification over time. Translation theory serves as a crucial lens through which the intricacies of the translation process are elucidated, providing insights into the principles, methodologies, and conceptual underpinnings of translation practice. Historically, translation theory has traversed a trajectory from prescriptive approaches focused on linguistic equivalence to more contemporary descriptive and functionalist paradigms emphasizing the dynamic nature of translation as a cultural and communicative phenomenon. As scholars grapple with the complexities inherent in translation, various theoretical paradigms have emerged to elucidate and analyze the multifaceted nature of translation. Baker's seminal work on translation theory highlights the importance of considering both linguistic and cultural factors in translation, advocating for an approach that takes into account the socio-cultural context of both the source and target texts (Baker 2006: 206). This sociocultural perspective underscores the dynamic interplay between language, culture, and power dynamics in the translation process. Similarly, Nida's functionalist approach emphasizes the importance of achieving functional equivalence in translation, prioritizing the communicative function of the target text over formal equivalence to the source text (Nida1964: 64). This pragmatic approach acknowledges the diverse communicative needs of different audiences and contexts, underscoring the need for translators to adapt their strategies accordingly. In addition, Toury's descriptive approach emphasizes the empirical study of translation as a social and cultural practice, focusing on the observable behavior of translators and the socio-cultural constraints that shape their decisions (Toury 1995: 195). This empirical perspective offers valuable insights into the contextual factors that influence translation choices and practices.
本研究的理论框架立足于翻译理论的演变，随着时间的推移，翻译理论取得了重大进步和多样化。翻译理论是一个重要的视角，通过它阐明了翻译过程的复杂性，提供了对翻译实践的原则、方法和概念基础的见解。从历史上看，翻译理论已经走过了一条轨迹，从专注于语言对等的规定性方法到更现代的描述性和功能主义范式，强调翻译作为一种文化和交际现象的动态性质。随着学者们努力解决翻译固有的复杂性，出现了各种理论范式来阐明和分析翻译的多面性。贝克在翻译理论方面的开创性工作强调了在翻译中考虑语言和文化因素的重要性，倡导一种考虑到源文本和目标文本的社会文化背景的方法（贝克 2006：206）。这种社会文化视角强调了翻译过程中语言、文化和权力动态之间的动态相互作用。同样，Nida的功能主义方法强调在翻译中实现功能对等的重要性，优先考虑目标文本的交际功能，而不是与源文本的形式对等（Nida1964：64）。这种务实的方法承认不同受众和语境的不同交际需求，强调译者需要相应地调整他们的策略。 此外，Toury的描述性方法强调将翻译作为一种社会和文化实践的实证研究，重点关注翻译人员的可观察行为以及影响其决策的社会文化限制（Toury 1995：195）。这种实证视角为影响翻译选择和实践的背景因素提供了宝贵的见解。

2.2.2 Theory of Cross-Cultural Communication
2.2.2 跨文化交际理论

The theoretical framework of this study is also informed by the theory of cross-cultural communication, which explores the dynamics of communication across different cultural contexts. Cross-cultural communication theory provides insights into the challenges and opportunities inherent in intercultural interactions, shedding light on the ways in which cultural differences shape communication processes and outcomes. Hall's theory of high-context and low-context cultures offers a valuable framework for understanding cultural communication styles and preferences (Hall 1976:76). According to Hall, high-context cultures rely heavily on implicit cues, shared meanings, and context-specific knowledge, whereas low-context cultures prioritize explicit verbal communication and rely less on contextual cues. Understanding these cultural communication styles is essential for effective translation and interpretation, as it influences how meaning is conveyed and interpreted across cultural boundaries. Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory further elucidates the cultural differences that impact communication practices (Hofstede 2001:201). Hofstede identifies several cultural dimensions, such as individualism-collectivism, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance, which influence communication styles, attitudes, and values within different cultural groups. By considering these cultural dimensions, translators can better navigate cultural differences and tailor their communication strategies to facilitate cross-cultural understanding and collaboration. In addition, Gudykunst's theory of intercultural communication competence emphasizes the importance of developing skills and strategies to navigate intercultural encounters effectively (Gudykunst 2005: 205). Intercultural communication competence involves the ability to understand, interpret, and adapt to cultural differences, fostering mutual respect and understanding in intercultural interactions. Translators who possess intercultural communication competence are better equipped to bridge cultural divides and facilitate meaningful communication between individuals from different cultural backgrounds.
本研究的理论框架也以跨文化交际理论为依据，该理论探讨了不同文化背景下的交际动态。跨文化交际理论提供了对跨文化互动中固有的挑战和机遇的见解，揭示了文化差异塑造交际过程和结果的方式。霍尔的高语境和低语境文化理论为理解文化交流风格和偏好提供了一个有价值的框架（霍尔 1976：76）。根据霍尔的说法，高语境文化严重依赖隐性线索、共享意义和特定于语境的知识，而低语境文化则优先考虑明确的口头交流，较少依赖语境线索。了解这些文化交流方式对于有效的翻译和口译至关重要，因为它会影响跨越文化界限传达和解释意义的方式。霍夫斯泰德的文化维度理论进一步阐明了影响沟通实践的文化差异（霍夫斯泰德 2001：201）。霍夫斯泰德确定了几个文化维度，例如个人主义-集体主义、权力距离和不确定性规避，它们会影响不同文化群体内的沟通方式、态度和价值观。通过考虑这些文化维度，译员可以更好地驾驭文化差异并调整他们的沟通策略，以促进跨文化的理解和协作。此外，Gudykunst 的跨文化交际能力理论强调了发展有效驾驭跨文化相遇的技能和策略的重要性（Gudykunst 2005：205）。 跨文化交际能力涉及理解、解释和适应文化差异的能力，促进跨文化互动中的相互尊重和理解。具备跨文化交际能力的译员更有能力弥合文化鸿沟，促进来自不同文化背景的个人之间有意义的交流。

Chapter Three Comparison Analysis between the Original Text and Fu Weici's Translation.
第三章 原文与傅维慈译本的比较分析。

In this chapter, it embarks on a comparative journey to scrutinize both the original work, The Moon and Sixpence by W. Somerset Maugham, and its Chinese translation by Fu Weici. Through this comparative analysis, it aims to unravel the intricate process of translation and its impact on character portrayal, cultural adaptation, and linguistic expression.
在本章中，它开始了一段比较之旅，仔细研究了W.萨默塞特·毛姆的原著《月亮与六便士》和傅维慈的中文译本。通过这种比较分析，它旨在揭示翻译的复杂过程及其对人物刻画、文化适应和语言表达的影响。

3.1 Analysis of the Reshaping of Character Images
3.1 人物形象重塑分析

3.1.1 Transformation of Character Personality and Inner World
3.1.1 性格、人格和内心世界的转变

In The Moon and Sixpence by W. Somerset Maugham, the protagonist, Charles Strickland, embodies a complex and contradictory persona. Strickland, a middle-aged stockbroker, abruptly abandons his family and comfortable life to pursue his passion for painting, displaying an unyielding determination to fulfill his artistic ambitions at any cost. Throughout the novel, Strickland's character is characterized by an insatiable hunger for creative expression, a disdain for societal conventions, and an existential angst stemming from his relentless pursuit of beauty and truth. In Fu Weici's translation of the novel, Strickland's character undergoes a subtle transformation to resonate more closely with Chinese readers. For instance, in the original text:
在W·萨默塞特·毛姆的《月亮与六便士》中，主人公查尔斯·斯特里克兰体现了一个复杂而矛盾的角色。中年股票经纪人斯特里克兰德突然放弃了家庭和舒适的生活，追求他对绘画的热情，表现出不惜一切代价实现艺术抱负的不屈不挠的决心。在整部小说中，斯特里克兰德的性格特点是对创造性表达的永不满足的渴望，对社会习俗的蔑视，以及源于他对美和真理的不懈追求的存在主义焦虑。在傅未慈对小说的翻译中，斯特里克兰德的性格发生了微妙的转变，以更紧密地引起中国读者的共鸣。例如，在原文中：

Throughout the novel, Strickland's character is characterized by an insatiable hunger for creative expression, a disdain for societal conventions, and an existential angst stemming from his relentless pursuit of beauty and truth.(Maugham Somerset, 1995)
在整部小说中，斯特里克兰德的性格特点是对创造性表达的永不满足的渴望，对社会习俗的蔑视，以及源于他对美和真理的不懈追求的存在主义焦虑。（毛姆·萨默塞特，1995）

Translated by Fu Weici:
傅伟慈译：

在整个小说中，斯特里克兰的性格以对创造性表达的渴望、对社会规范的鄙视以及源自对美与真理的不懈追求的存在主义困扰为特征。( 傅惟慈, 2009:97)

In Fu Weici's translation, Strickland's character retains his relentless pursuit of beauty and truth, but his portrayal is adjusted to align with Chinese cultural values. While Maugham emphasizes Strickland's disdain for societal conventions, Fu Weici might highlight his stoicism and determination instead. This adjustment reflects Chinese cultural norms that value perseverance and resilience in the face of adversity, resonating more deeply with Chinese readers.
在傅未慈的译本中，斯特里克兰德笔下的人物保留了他对美和真理的不懈追求，但他的形象被调整为符合中国文化价值观。毛姆强调斯特里克兰德对社会习俗的蔑视，而傅唯慈则强调他的坚忍和决心。这种调整反映了中国文化规范，即在逆境中重视毅力和韧性，更能引起中国读者的共鸣。

3.1.2 Interpretation of Character Fate
3.1.2 角色命运的解释

In The Moon and Sixpence by W. Somerset Maugham, the characters' fates are intricately woven into the fabric of the narrative, reflecting the existential dilemmas and moral complexities that define their lives. As the story unfolds, the characters grapple with the consequences of their actions, confronting themes of ambition, betrayal, redemption, and the pursuit of artistic truth. One of the central characters whose fate is subject to interpretation is Charles Strickland, the enigmatic protagonist whose unconventional pursuit of artistic genius sets him on a collision course with societal norms and personal relationships. Strickland's fate, characterized by a series of erratic and self-destructive decisions, serves as a lens through which Maugham explores the tension between artistic passion and moral responsibility. The culmination of Strickland's journey, marked by tragedy and isolation, prompts readers to contemplate the nature of artistic genius and the sacrifices it demands. In Fu Weici's translation of the novel, the interpretation of Strickland's fate may undergo subtle modifications to resonate more closely with Chinese readers. While the core elements of Strickland's existential crisis and artistic ambition remain intact, Fu Weici may emphasize certain cultural nuances and values that shape readers' understanding of his character. For example, in the original text:
在W·萨默塞特·毛姆的《月亮与六便士》中，人物的命运错综复杂地交织在叙事结构中，反映了定义他们生活的生存困境和道德复杂性。随着故事的展开，角色们努力应对自己行为的后果，面对野心、背叛、救赎和追求艺术真理的主题。查尔斯·斯特里克兰德（Charles Strickland）是命运有待解释的中心人物之一，这位神秘的主人公对艺术天才的非常规追求使他走上了与社会规范和个人关系的碰撞之路。斯特里克兰的命运以一系列反复无常和自我毁灭的决定为特征，成为毛姆探索艺术激情与道德责任之间紧张关系的镜头。斯特里克兰德的旅程以悲剧和孤独为标志，达到高潮，促使读者思考艺术天才的本质及其所需的牺牲。在傅未慈对小说的翻译中，对斯特里克兰德命运的解读可能会发生微妙的修改，以更紧密地引起中国读者的共鸣。虽然斯特里克兰的生存危机和艺术野心的核心元素仍然完好无损，但傅未慈可能会强调某些文化上的细微差别和价值观，这些价值观塑造了读者对他性格的理解。例如，在原文中：

Strickland's fate, characterized by a series of erratic and self-destructive decisions, serves as a lens through which Maugham explores the tension between artistic passion and moral responsibility.. (Maugham Somerset, 1995)
斯特里克兰的命运以一系列反复无常和自我毁灭的决定为特征，成为毛姆探索艺术激情与道德责任之间紧张关系的镜头。（毛姆·萨默塞特，1995）

Translated by Fu Weici:
傅伟慈译：

斯特里克兰的命运，被一系列不稳定且自毁性的决定所塑造，成为毛姆探讨艺术激情与道德责任之间紧张关系的一个透镜。( 傅惟慈, 2009:92)

In Fu Weici's translation, the emphasis on Strickland's fate being shaped by "不稳定且自毁性的决定" (erratic and self-destructive decisions) highlights the moral implications of his actions. This portrayal aligns with Confucian ideals of social harmony and familial duty, as it emphasizes the negative consequences of Strickland's abandonment of his family for his individualistic pursuit of artistic genius. By framing Strickland's choices in terms of their destabilizing and self-destructive nature, Fu Weici prompts Chinese readers to reflect on the moral complexities of his character and the societal repercussions of prioritizing personal ambition over familial obligations. In the original text:
在傅未慈的译本中，强调斯特里克兰德的命运是由“不稳定且自毁性的决定”（不稳定和自我毁灭的决定）塑造的，突出了他行为的道德含义。这种描绘与儒家的社会和谐和家庭责任的理想相一致，因为它强调了斯特里克兰为了追求艺术天才的个人主义而抛弃家庭的负面后果。傅未慈从破坏稳定和自我毁灭的本质来构建斯特里克兰德的选择，促使中国读者反思他性格的道德复杂性，以及将个人野心置于家庭义务之上的社会影响。在原文中：

The culmination of Strickland's journey, marked by tragedy and isolation, prompts readers to contemplate the nature of artistic genius and the sacrifices it demands.(Maugham Somerset, 1995)
斯特里克兰德的旅程以悲剧和孤独为标志，达到高潮，促使读者思考艺术天才的本质及其所需的牺牲。（毛姆·萨默塞特，1995）

Translated by Fu Weici:
傅伟慈译：

"斯特里克兰旅程的顶点，充满悲剧和孤立，促使读者思考艺术天才的本质以及它所要求的牺牲。( 傅惟慈, 2009:94)

In this example, Fu Weici's translation emphasizes the tragic and isolating nature of Strickland's journey, which prompts readers to reflect on the sacrifices inherent in the pursuit of artistic genius. This portrayal resonates with Chinese readers by evoking themes of perseverance and suffering, which are often valorized in traditional Chinese literature and philosophy. By highlighting the hardships endured by Strickland in his pursuit of artistic truth, Fu Weici invites Chinese readers to empathize with his struggles and contemplate the nature of artistic greatness within the context of their own cultural heritage.
在这个例子中，傅未慈的翻译强调了斯特里克兰旅程的悲剧性和孤立性，这促使读者反思追求艺术天才所固有的牺牲。这种描写唤起了中国读者的共鸣，唤起了坚韧不拔和苦难的主题，这些主题在中国传统文学和哲学中经常被重视。傅未慈通过强调斯特里克兰德在追求艺术真理的过程中所经历的艰辛，邀请中国读者对他的挣扎产生共鸣，并在自己的文化遗产背景下思考艺术伟大的本质。

3.2 The Influence of Acculturation and Transformation on the Construction of Character Image
3.2 文化适应与转化对人物形象建构的影响

3.2.1 Cultural Adaptations in Character Portrayal
3.2.1 人物肖像中的文化适应

Cultural context plays a significant role in the translation of literary works, and it refers to the social, historical, and cultural factors that influence the meaning and interpretation of a text (Reiss & Vermeer, 2014:11). In the case of The Moon and Sixpence translated by Fu Weici, the translator had to consider the cultural context of both the source and target languages and cultures.
文化背景在文学作品的翻译中起着重要作用，它指的是影响文本含义和解释的社会、历史和文化因素（Reiss & Vermeer，2014：11）。在傅伟慈翻译的《月亮与六便士》中，译者必须考虑源语言和目标语言和文化的文化背景。

The original novel was set in early 20th-century Europe, dealing with themes and ideas specific to that time and place. To make the novel relevant to Chinese readers, the translator adapted the text to fit the cultural context of China. This involved changing the names of characters to better suit Chinese phonetics and providing explanatory notes to help readers understand cultural references that may be unfamiliar to them. Additionally, the translator considered the cultural context of the target language and culture, using language appropriate for the target readership and adapting the text to fit the literary conventions of Chinese literature. For example, a more descriptive writing style and additional details about characters' appearances and surroundings were incorporated, common features of Chinese literature.
原著小说以 20 世纪初的欧洲为背景，涉及特定时间和地点的主题和思想。为了使小说与中国读者相关，译者对文本进行了改编，以适应中国的文化背景。这包括更改字符名称以更好地适应汉语语音，并提供解释性注释以帮助读者理解他们可能不熟悉的文化参考。此外，译者还考虑了目标语言和文化的文化背景，使用适合目标读者的语言，并调整文本以适应中国文学的文学惯例。例如，更具描述性的写作风格以及有关人物外貌和周围环境的额外细节被纳入其中，这是中国文学的共同特征。

When translating the novel into Chinese, Fu Weici had to convey the cultural context to Chinese readers. In some cases, footnotes were used to explain cultural references unfamiliar to Chinese readers. For instance, in the passage:
在将小说翻译成中文时，傅未慈必须向中国读者传达文化背景。在某些情况下，脚注被用来解释中国读者不熟悉的文化参考。例如，在这段经文中：

Strickland had been in Tahiti no more than a few months when he realized that the life there was not so simple as he had thought. He was amused to find that the problems which chiefly exercised the minds of the people he met were those connected with pigs and chickens. They were a greedy lot, and it was difficult to induce them to part with a sixpence. (Maugham Somerset, 1995)
斯特里克兰德在大溪地呆了几个月，就意识到那里的生活并不像他想象的那么简单。他好笑地发现，他遇到的人主要思考的问题与猪和鸡有关。他们是一群贪婪的人，很难诱使他们放弃六便士。（毛姆·萨默塞特，1995）

Translated by Fu Weici:
傅伟慈译：

英国货币，相当于六个便士（六个 old penny）的面值。( 傅惟慈, 2009:81)

This demonstrates how Fu Weici considers the cultural background of the source text and uses footnotes to provide additional information, making the text more easily understood by Chinese readers. These culturally adapted approaches enable Chinese readers to better understand and accept the characters in the novel while also preserving the spirit and style of the original text. Overall, the translator successfully navigated the cultural contexts of the source language and the target language. The resulting translation has been well received by Chinese readers, indicating the translator's ability to strike a balance between fidelity to the original work and adapting to the cultural background of the target readers.
这说明了傅维慈如何考虑原文的文化背景，并使用脚注来提供额外的信息，使文本更容易被中国读者理解。这些适应文化的方法使中国读者能够更好地理解和接受小说中的人物，同时也保留了原文的精神和风格。总体而言，译者成功地驾驭了源语言和目标语言的文化背景。最终的译本受到中国读者的好评，表明译者有能力在忠实于原著和适应目标读者的文化背景之间取得平衡。

3.2.2 Transformation of Character Motivations and Behaviors
3.2.2 性格动机和行为的转变

In the translation of The Moon and Sixpence by W. Somerset Maugham, the transformation of character motivations and behaviors is evident in how the translator, Fu Weici, adapts the original text to resonate with Chinese cultural norms and values. One notable example of this transformation can be observed in the portrayal of the protagonist's pursuit of artistic passion at the expense of societal expectations. In the original work, the protagonist Strykerland's actions included breaking up the happy life of the Strathloch couple, coldly abandoning Mrs. Strathloch, leading to her tragic suicide. However, his devil-like charm makes it impossible for people not to appreciate him. These complex character traits and motivations showcase author Maugham's profound exploration and analysis of human nature. Additionally, other characters in the novel undergo varying degrees of motivation and behavioral changes. For instance, the man who had his wife taken away initially despises the male lead, then transitions to admiration, further to disdain after having multiple wives, but ultimately shifts back to admiration when seeking revenge. These changes not only reflect the characters' inner conflicts and struggles but also reveal the complexity and diversity of human nature. However, in the translated version by Fu Weici, the portrayal of Strickland's motivations undergoes a subtle shift to align with Chinese cultural expectations.
在W·萨默塞特·毛姆（W. Somerset Maugham）的《月亮与六便士》的翻译中，人物动机和行为的转变在译者傅未慈如何改编原文以与中国文化规范和价值观产生共鸣中显而易见。这种转变的一个显着例子可以在主人公以牺牲社会期望为代价来追求艺术激情的描绘中观察到。在原著中，主人公史崔克兰的所作所为包括破坏了斯特拉斯洛赫夫妇的幸福生活，冷酷地抛弃了斯特拉斯洛赫夫人，导致她悲惨地自杀。然而，他魔鬼般的魅力让人不可能不欣赏他。这些复杂的性格特征和动机，展现了作者毛姆对人性的深刻探索和分析。此外，小说中的其他人物也经历了不同程度的动机和行为变化。例如，被妻子带走的男人最初鄙视男主，然后过渡到钦佩，在拥有多个妻子后进一步鄙视，但最终在寻求报复时又转向钦佩。这些变化不仅反映了人物内心的冲突和挣扎，也揭示了人性的复杂性和多样性。然而，在傅未慈的翻译版本中，对斯特里克兰动机的刻画发生了微妙的转变，以符合中国文化的期望。

I think it's rather an advantage that he doesn’t know you. You see, he never really liked Fred; he thought him a fool; he didn’t understand soldiers. Fred would fly into a passion,and there'd be a quarrel,and things would be worse instead of better.If you said you came on my behalf,he couldn’t refuse to listen to you.(Maugham Somerset 1995:123)
我认为他不认识你是一个优势。你看，他从来没有真正喜欢过弗雷德;他以为他是个傻瓜;他不了解士兵。弗雷德会陷入激情，会发生争吵，事情会变得更糟而不是更好。如果你说你是代表我来的，他不能拒绝听你的话。（毛姆·萨默塞特 1995：123）

傅译：“我认为他不认识你反而更有利。你知道，他从来也不喜欢弗雷德。他认为弗雷德是个傻瓜。他不了解军人。弗雷德会大发雷霆。两个人大吵一顿，事情不但办不好，反而会更糟。如果你对他说你是代表我去的，他不会拒绝你同他谈谈的。( 傅惟慈 2009:18)

One technique used in the translation is paraphrasing. For example, in the source text, the speaker says "Fred would fly into a passion, and there'd be a quarrel, and things would be worse instead of better." In the target text, the translator paraphrases this sentence as "弗雷德会大发雷霆。两个人大吵一顿，事情不但办不好，反而会更糟" which means "Fred would fly into a rage, and the two would argue, which would not solve the problem and make it worse." The translator uses this technique to ensure that the meaning of the source text is conveyed accurately while adapting to the linguistic and cultural context of the target audience.
翻译中使用的一种技术是释义。例如，在原文中，说话者说“弗雷德会陷入激情，会发生争吵，事情会变得更糟而不是更好。在目标文本中，译者将这句话转述为“弗雷德会大发雷霆。两个人大吵一顿，事情不但办不好，反而会更糟“，意思是”弗雷德会大发雷霆，两人会争吵，这不会解决问题，反而会让问题变得更糟。译者使用这种技术来确保准确传达源文本的含义，同时适应目标受众的语言和文化背景。

Another technique used in the translation is cultural substitution. For example, in the source text, the speaker says "he thought him a fool; he didn’t understand soldiers." In the target text, the translator substitutes "soldiers" with "军人" (jūnrén), which is a term more commonly used in Chinese culture to refer to members of the military. This technique ensures that the translation is culturally appropriate and relevant to the target audience.
翻译中使用的另一种技术是文化替代。例如，在原文中，说话者说“他认为他是个傻瓜;他不懂士兵。在目标文本中，译者将“士兵”替换为“军人”（jūnrén），这是中国文化中更常用的术语，用于指代军人。这种技术确保翻译在文化上是合适的，并且与目标受众相关。

The translator also uses the technique of word order manipulation. For example, in the source text, the speaker says "If you said you came on my behalf, he couldn’t refuse to listen to you." In the target text, the translator rearranges the word order to "如果你对他说你是代表我去的，他不会拒绝你同他谈谈的" which means "If you tell him that you come on my behalf, he will not refuse to talk to you." This technique is used to ensure that the sentence structure is appropriate in the target language and the meaning is conveyed accurately.
译者还使用词序操纵技术。例如，在原文中，说话者说：“如果你说你是代表我来的，他就不能拒绝听你的话。在目标文本中，译者将词序重新排列为“如果你对他说你是代表我去的，他不会拒绝你同他谈谈的”，意思是“如果你告诉他你是代表我来的，他不会拒绝和你说话。这种技术用于确保句子结构适合目标语言并准确传达意思。

Generally speaking, Fu Weici comprehensively utilized various translation techniques, better depicting the transformation of character actions and the motives of characters, deeply exploring the conflicts and integration between human nature, artistic pursuit, and social reality, and displaying the psychological changes and growth of characters in the process of self-realization pursuit.
总体来说，傅维慈综合运用了多种翻译手法，较好地刻画了人物行为的转变和人物的动机，深入探讨了人性、艺术追求、社会现实之间的冲突与融合，展现了人物在自我实现追求过程中的心理变化与成长。

Chapter Four The Characteristics and Influences of the Characters in Fu Weici's Translation
第四章 傅未慈译文中人物的特征与影响

In this chapter, it embarks on an exploration of the characteristics and influence of Fu Weici's translation of The Moon and Sixpence by W. Somerset Maugham. Through a nuanced analysis of linguistic expression styles, cultural interpretations, and thematic resonances, we seek to illuminate the transformative impact of the translation on readers' understanding and appreciation of the original work.
在本章中，本文将探讨傅未慈翻译的W.萨默塞特·毛姆的《月亮与六便士》的特点和影响。通过对语言表达风格、文化解释和主题共鸣的细致分析，我们试图阐明翻译对读者对原著的理解和欣赏的变革性影响。

4.1 The Expression Style of Fu Weici's Translation
4.1 傅维慈翻译的表达风格

4.1.1 The Tone in Fu Weici's Translation
4.1.1 傅维慈译文的语气

Fu Weici's translation adeptly captures the nuanced emotional tones of characters, allowing readers to connect deeply with their inner worlds (Bassnett 2014:29). For instance, when depicting Charles Strickland's inner turmoil and conflict regarding his artistic pursuits, Fu Weici employs a tone that oscillates between introspective and passionate. In one scene, when Strickland reflects on his artistic vision, Fu Weici writes:
傅伟慈的翻译巧妙地捕捉了人物细微的情感基调，让读者与他们的内心世界深深相连（Bassnett 2014：29）。例如，在描绘查尔斯·斯特里克兰德内心的动荡和对艺术追求的冲突时，傅未慈采用了一种在内省和激情之间摇摆的基调。在一个场景中，当斯特里克兰德反思他的艺术视野时，傅伟慈写道：

他的内心燃烧着一种无法抑制的热情，一种只有他自己才能理解的渴望。(傅惟慈 2009:98)

Here, the use of evocative language and emotive imagery conveys Strickland's intense emotional state, allowing readers to empathize with his inner struggle.
在这里，使用令人回味的语言和情感意象传达了斯特里克兰强烈的情感状态，让读者对他内心的挣扎感同身受。

Fu Weici's translation demonstrates cultural sensitivity by adapting the tone to resonate with Chinese readers (Lefevere 1992: 78). For example, in scenes depicting familial relationships or social interactions, Fu Weici employs a tone that reflects traditional Chinese values and etiquette. When portraying the respect and filial piety shown by Chinese characters towards their elders, Fu Weici writes：
傅玮慈的译本通过调整语气来引起中国读者的共鸣，表现出了文化敏感性（Lefevere 1992：78）。例如，在描绘家庭关系或社会互动的场景中，傅未慈采用了反映中国传统价值观和礼仪的语气。在描写汉字对长辈的尊敬和孝顺时，傅唯慈写道：

在中国文化中，孝敬父母是至高无上的美德，这种尊重贯穿于整个故事中。(傅惟慈 2009:17-23)

Here, the tone conveys a sense of reverence and cultural reverence, enhancing the authenticity of character portrayals within their cultural context.
在这里，基调传达了一种崇敬和文化崇敬感，增强了人物刻画在其文化背景下的真实性。

Fu Weici's translation infuses an artistic flair into the tone, particularly in passages describing Strickland's artistic process. When depicting Strickland's profound connection to art and his pursuit of beauty, Fu Weici employs a tone that is lyrical and poetic. For example, describing Strickland's encounter with a masterpiece, Fu Weici writes:
傅未慈的译本为基调注入了艺术气息，尤其是在描述斯特里克兰艺术过程的段落中。在描绘斯特里克兰德与艺术的深刻联系和对美的追求时，傅未慈采用了抒情和诗意的基调。例如，在描述斯特里克兰德与一幅杰作的相遇时，傅唯慈写道：

他被画作所深深吸引，仿佛被一股神秘的力量所感染。(傅惟慈 2009:127)

Here, the use of metaphorical language and vivid imagery evokes the transcendent power of art, enriching the reader's perception of Strickland's artistic sensibilities.
在这里，隐喻语言和生动意象的使用唤起了艺术的超凡力量，丰富了读者对斯特里克兰艺术感性的感知。

Fu Weici's translation delves into the psychological depths of characters, offering insights into their inner thoughts and conflicts. In scenes of introspection and self-reflection, Fu Weici employs a tone that conveys a sense of psychological realism. For instance, when depicting Strickland's internal struggle with his desires and societal expectations, Fu Weici writes:
傅未慈的译本深入人物的心理深度，洞察他们内心的想法和冲突。在内省和自我反省的场景中，傅唯慈采用了一种传达心理现实感的语气。例如，在描写斯特里克兰德内心与欲望和社会期望的斗争时，傅唯慈写道：

他心中的矛盾让他无法入眠，他陷入了对自己真正意义的深思。(傅惟慈 2009:11)

Here, the tone reflects the complexity of Strickland's inner world, allowing readers to empathize with his existential dilemma.
在这里，基调反映了斯特里克兰内心世界的复杂性，让读者对他的生存困境产生共鸣。

In summary, Fu Weici's expression style and tone in character portrayal demonstrate a remarkable ability to capture the nuances of emotion, cultural sensitivity, artistic sensibility, and psychological depth, enriching the reader's understanding and engagement with the characters in The Moon and Sixpence (Venuti 2008: 41).
总之，傅唯慈在人物刻画中的表达风格和语气表现出了捕捉情感、文化敏感性、艺术敏感性和心理深度的细微差别的非凡能力，丰富了读者对《月亮与六便士》中人物的理解和参与（Venuti 2008：41）。

4.1.2 Rhetoric and Symbolism in Fu Weici's Translation
4.1.2 傅维慈译本中的修辞与象征

Fu Weici's use of rhetorical devices shapes the perception of characters by emphasizing certain traits, emotions, and actions. Through techniques such as vivid description, dialogue, and internal monologue, Fu Weici brings characters to life on the page, allowing readers to visualize their appearance, mannerisms, and inner thoughts. Rhetorical flourishes can highlight characters' strengths, weaknesses, and complexities, providing insight into their personalities and motivations. By crafting characters with rich linguistic detail, Fu Weici fosters a sense of intimacy and familiarity between readers and the characters, enabling deeper emotional engagement with their journeys and struggles.
傅未慈使用修辞手法，通过强调某些特征、情感和行为来塑造人物的感知。傅唯慈通过生动的描写、对话、内心独白等手法，让人物在纸上栩栩如生，让读者形象化地看到他们的外表、举止和内心想法。修辞的华丽可以突出人物的长处、短处和复杂性，深入了解他们的个性和动机。傅唯慈通过塑造具有丰富语言细节的人物，培养了读者和人物之间的亲密感和熟悉感，使他们的旅程和挣扎能够更深层次的情感参与。

Symbolism in Fu Weici's translation serves as a powerful tool for character imagery, imbuing individuals with metaphorical significance and thematic resonance. Symbols associated with characters, such as objects, settings, or recurring motifs, can deepen readers' understanding of their identities, desires, and conflicts. For example, the symbolic use of the moon and sixpence may represent a character's pursuit of artistic excellence, their existential longing, or their defiance of societal norms. Through symbolic associations, Fu Weici evokes visual, emotional, and thematic connections that enrich the portrayal of characters, inviting readers to interpret their symbolic significance and explore deeper layers of meaning within the narrative.
傅唯慈译中的象征主义是人物意象的有力工具，赋予人物隐喻意义和主题共鸣。与角色相关的符号，例如物体、设置或反复出现的图案，可以加深读者对其身份、欲望和冲突的理解。例如，月亮和六便士的象征性使用可能代表了角色对艺术卓越的追求、对存在的渴望或对社会规范的蔑视。傅未慈通过象征性联想，唤起视觉、情感和主题的联系，丰富了人物的刻画，邀请读者解读他们的象征意义，探索叙事中更深层次的意义。

In essence, Fu Weici's adept use of rhetoric and symbolism enhances the portrayal of character images in The Moon and Sixpence, allowing readers to vividly imagine, empathize with, and contemplate the complexities of the novel's diverse cast of characters. Through the strategic deployment of rhetorical devices and symbolic elements, Fu Weici creates a rich tapestry of character imagery that resonates with readers on both intellectual and emotional levels, enriching their reading experience and fostering a deeper appreciation for the intricacies of human nature depicted in the text.
从本质上讲，傅未慈娴熟的修辞和象征手法增强了《月亮与六便士》中人物形象的刻画，让读者能够生动地想象、感同身受和思考小说中各种人物的复杂性。傅唯慈通过修辞手法和象征元素的战略运用，创造了丰富的人物意象挂毯，在智力和情感层面上引起读者的共鸣，丰富了读者的阅读体验，并促进了对文本中描绘的人性复杂性的更深刻理解。

4.2 The Reconstruction of Values is Reflected in the Image of Characters
4.2 价值观的重构体现在人物形象上

4.2.1 An Interpretation of the Values Embodied in the Character's Behavior
4.2.1 对角色行为所体现的价值观的解释

In Fu Weici's rendition of The Moon and Sixpence, Charles Strickland emerges as a compelling embodiment of individualism and artistic integrity. Through Fu Weici's portrayal, Strickland's character is depicted as a renegade against societal norms, driven solely by his unwavering commitment to his artistic vision. His rejection of conventional values and his relentless pursuit of artistic excellence showcase the importance of staying true to one's principles, even at the cost of personal relationships and social acceptance. Fu Weici's vivid depiction of Strickland's solitary journey highlights the transformative power of artistic passion and the enduring allure of the unconventional.
在傅未慈演绎的《月亮与六便士》中，查尔斯·斯特里克兰成为个人主义和艺术完整性的令人信服的化身。通过傅未慈的刻画，斯特里克兰德的角色被描绘成一个反抗社会规范的叛逆者，这完全是出于他对艺术愿景的坚定承诺。他对传统价值观的拒绝和对艺术卓越的不懈追求展示了忠于自己的原则的重要性，即使以牺牲人际关系和社会接受度为代价。傅未慈对斯特里克兰德孤独旅程的生动描绘，凸显了艺术激情的变革力量和非传统事物的持久魅力。

Alongside Strickland, characters like Amy Strickland and Dirk Stroeve exemplify values of sacrifice, loyalty, and compassion. Fu Weici paints Amy as a figure of unwavering devotion, whose enduring love for Strickland transcends betrayal and abandonment. Her willingness to sacrifice her own happiness for the sake of Strickland's artistic pursuits underscores the profound depths of human love and resilience. Similarly, Stroeve's steadfast loyalty to Strickland despite repeated rejection and betrayal reveals the transformative power of friendship and the enduring bonds that connect kindred spirits. Fu Weici's portrayal of these characters highlights the importance of empathy, forgiveness, and human connection in navigating the complexities of life's journey.
除了斯特里克兰之外，艾米·斯特里克兰和德克·斯特罗夫等角色也体现了牺牲、忠诚和同情的价值观。傅唯慈将艾米描绘成一个坚定不移的人物，她对斯特里克兰德持久的爱超越了背叛和抛弃。她愿意为了斯特里克兰的艺术追求而牺牲自己的幸福，这突显了人类爱和韧性的深刻深度。同样，斯特罗夫对斯特里克兰德的坚定忠诚，尽管一再被拒绝和背叛，但揭示了友谊的变革力量和将志同道合的人联系在一起的持久纽带。傅未慈对这些人物的刻画凸显了同理心、宽恕和人际关系在驾驭复杂人生旅程中的重要性。

Furthermore, characters like Blanche Stroeve serve as symbols of compassion and empathy in Fu Weici's translation. Despite being deceived and abandoned by Strickland, Blanche's character demonstrates remarkable empathy and understanding towards him, recognizing the depth of his inner turmoil and artistic genius. Her capacity for forgiveness and reconciliation underscores the transformative power of compassion in fostering healing and redemption. Through Blanche's character, Fu Weici emphasizes the importance of seeing the humanity in others, even in the face of pain and betrayal, and the transformative potential of empathy in bridging divides and fostering reconciliation.
此外，像布兰奇·斯特罗夫这样的人物在傅未慈的翻译中是同情和同理心的象征。尽管被斯特里克兰德欺骗和抛弃，布兰奇的性格对他表现出非凡的同情和理解，认识到他内心动荡和艺术天才的深度。她的宽恕与和解能力强调了同情心在促进治愈和救赎方面的变革力量。通过布兰奇这个角色，傅伟慈强调了即使面对痛苦和背叛，也要看到他人的人性的重要性，以及同理心在弥合分歧和促进和解方面的变革潜力。

In Fu Weici's translation of The Moon and Sixpence, the reconstruction of values is intricately intertwined with the portrayal of characters, offering readers a nuanced exploration of human nature and the enduring significance of moral and ethical principles. Through vivid character imagery and rich narrative detail, Fu Weici invites readers to reflect on the complexities of human relationships and the timeless values that shape our lives and define our humanity.
在傅未慈翻译的《月亮与六便士》中，价值观的重构与人物刻画错综复杂地交织在一起，为读者提供了对人性的细致入微的探索，以及道德和伦理原则的持久意义。通过生动的人物意象和丰富的叙事细节，傅维慈邀请读者反思人际关系的复杂性，以及塑造我们生活和定义我们人性的永恒价值观。

4.2.2 The Interpretation and Secondary Reconstruction of the Metaphor of Character Image
4.2.2 人物形象隐喻的解读与二次重构

Fu Weici's interpretation and secondary reconstruction of character imagery through metaphorical representations offer nuanced insights into the values embodied by the characters. Through metaphorical language and symbolic imagery, Fu Weici imbues characters with deeper layers of meaning, inviting readers to reflect on the complexities of human nature and the moral dilemmas inherent in the pursuit of one's desires.
傅未慈通过隐喻再现对人物意象的诠释和二次重构，为人物所体现的价值观提供了细致入微的洞察。傅未慈通过隐喻的语言和象征性的意象，赋予人物更深层次的意义，邀请读者反思人性的复杂性和追求欲望所固有的道德困境。

For instance, Charles Strickland's character may be metaphorically depicted as a "rebel artist," symbolizing the eternal struggle between creative freedom and societal conformity. Fu Weici's portrayal of Strickland as a metaphorical rebel challenges conventional notions of art and morality, inviting readers to question the boundaries between genius and madness, creation and destruction. Through this metaphorical lens, Strickland becomes a symbol of artistic defiance, embodying the value of individualism and the pursuit of artistic truth at any cost. Similarly, characters like Amy Strickland and Dirk Stroeve may be metaphorically represented as "loyal companions" on Strickland's tumultuous journey of self-discovery. Fu Weici's interpretation of their characters as metaphorical companions highlights the transformative power of friendship and the enduring bonds that connect kindred spirits. Through this metaphorical framework, Amy and Stroeve become symbols of unwavering loyalty and unconditional love, underscoring the value of human connection in navigating life's challenges and finding meaning amidst chaos.
例如，查尔斯·斯特里克兰（Charles Strickland）的角色可以被隐喻为“叛逆艺术家”，象征着创作自由与社会一致性之间的永恒斗争。傅未慈将斯特里克兰德描绘成一个隐喻性的叛逆者，挑战了传统的艺术和道德观念，邀请读者质疑天才与疯狂、创造与毁灭之间的界限。通过这种隐喻的镜头，斯特里克兰德成为艺术反抗的象征，体现了个人主义的价值和不惜一切代价追求艺术真理。同样，像艾米·斯特里克兰（Amy Strickland）和德克·斯特罗夫（Dirk Stroeve）这样的角色可以被隐喻为斯特里克兰动荡的自我发现之旅中的“忠实伙伴”。傅唯慈将他们的角色诠释为隐喻的伴侣，突出了友谊的变革力量和将志同道合的人联系在一起的持久纽带。通过这个隐喻框架，艾米和斯特罗夫成为坚定不移的忠诚和无条件的爱的象征，强调了人际关系在应对生活挑战和在混乱中寻找意义的价值。

Furthermore, characters like Blanche Stroeve may be metaphorically depicted as "forgiving souls," symbolizing the redemptive power of empathy and forgiveness in the face of betrayal and disillusionment. Fu Weici's interpretation of Blanche's character as a metaphorical embodiment of forgiveness emphasizes the transformative potential of compassion in bridging divides and fostering reconciliation. Through this metaphorical lens, Blanche becomes a symbol of hope and renewal, inspiring readers to transcend bitterness and embrace the healing power of forgiveness.
此外，像布兰奇·斯特罗夫这样的角色可能被隐喻为“宽恕的灵魂”，象征着面对背叛和幻灭时同理心和宽恕的救赎力量。傅唯慈将布兰奇的性格诠释为宽恕的隐喻化身，强调了同情心在弥合分歧和促进和解方面的变革潜力。通过这个隐喻的镜头，布兰奇成为希望和更新的象征，激励读者超越苦涩，拥抱宽恕的治愈力量。

In Fu Weici's translation of The Moon and Sixpence, the interpretation and secondary reconstruction of character imagery through metaphorical representations offer readers a deeper understanding of the values embodied by the characters. Through metaphorical language and symbolic imagery, Fu Weici invites readers to explore the complexities of human relationships and the enduring significance of moral and ethical principles in shaping our lives and defining our humanity.
在傅唯慈翻译的《月亮与六便士》中，通过隐喻再现对人物意象的诠释和二次重构，让读者对人物所体现的价值有了更深入的理解。通过隐喻的语言和象征性的意象，傅伟慈邀请读者探索人际关系的复杂性，以及道德和伦理原则在塑造我们的生活和定义我们的人性方面的持久意义。

Chapter Five Conclusion and Outlook
第五章 结论与展望

In conclusion, the comparative study between W. Somerset Maugham's The Moon and Sixpence and Fu Weici's translation offers valuable insights into the complexities of literary translation, cross-cultural communication, and the interpretation of literary works in different cultural contexts. Through a meticulous analysis of various aspects such as character portrayal, cultural adaptation, and linguistic expression, we have explored the multifaceted nature of translation and its profound impact on readers' understanding and interpretation of the original text. Throughout this study, we have observed how Fu Weici's translation skillfully navigates the cultural nuances and linguistic intricacies of Maugham's prose, offering readers a reinterpretation that harmonizes Eastern and Western values. By blending elements of Confucian ethics, Taoist philosophy, and Western individualism, Fu Weici's translation enriches the narrative with new layers of meaning and cultural resonance, inviting readers to engage with the text in a more profound and nuanced manner.
总之，W.萨默塞特·毛姆的《月亮与六便士》与傅唯慈的翻译之间的比较研究为文学翻译、跨文化交际和不同文化语境下文学作品的解读的复杂性提供了宝贵的见解。通过对人物刻画、文化适应、语言表达等多方面的细致分析，探讨了翻译的多面性及其对读者对原文的理解和解释的深远影响。在这项研究中，我们观察到傅未慈的翻译如何巧妙地驾驭毛姆散文的文化细微差别和语言复杂性，为读者提供一种协调东西方价值观的重新诠释。傅未慈的译本融合了儒家伦理、道家哲学和西方个人主义的元素，为叙事增添了新的意义和文化共鸣，邀请读者以更深刻、更细致的方式参与文本。

Looking ahead, the study of literary translation continues to hold immense potential for further exploration and discovery. As technology advances and global communication becomes increasingly interconnected, the role of translation in facilitating cultural exchange and promoting intercultural dialogue will only continue to grow in significance. By embracing the complexities and challenges of translation, scholars, translators, and readers alike can work together to build bridges of understanding and appreciation across cultures, fostering a more inclusive and interconnected global community.
展望未来，文学翻译研究仍然具有巨大的探索和发现潜力。随着技术的进步和全球交流的日益紧密联系，翻译在促进文化交流和促进跨文化对话方面的作用只会越来越大。通过接受翻译的复杂性和挑战，学者、译者和读者都可以共同努力，架起跨文化理解和欣赏的桥梁，培养一个更具包容性和相互联系的全球社区。

In the future, it will be essential to further investigation the impact of translation on literary reception, reader response, and cultural identity formation. Additionally, exploring innovative approaches to translation, such as machine translation and collaborative translation projects, will open up new avenues for cross-cultural exchange and dialogue. By fostering a spirit of collaboration, creativity, and cultural sensitivity, we can continue to push the boundaries of translation studies and deepen our understanding of the profound role that translation plays in shaping our world.
今后，进一步研究翻译对文学接受、读者反应和文化认同形成的影响将具有重要意义。此外，探索创新的翻译方法，如机器翻译和合作翻译项目，将为跨文化交流和对话开辟新的途径。通过培养协作精神、创造力和文化敏感性，我们可以继续突破翻译研究的界限，加深我们对翻译在塑造世界方面所发挥的深刻作用的理解。

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Acknowledgments
确认

I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to the university for providing me with training over the past four years. I am deeply thankful to my supervisor for offering me meticulous guidance and support throughout every stage of this thesis, from topic selection and conceptualization to data collection and the final draft. Their assistance has granted me a profound understanding and has enabled me to successfully complete my graduation thesis. I express my heartfelt thanks from the bottom of my heart. My mentor's rigorous academic approach, extensive knowledge, sharp academic thinking, dedication to excellence, enterprising scientific research spirit, and unwavering teaching style serve as everlasting role models for my learning journey. I also wish to acknowledge the other teachers for their invaluable support. Their profound expertise and commitment to thorough and practical research continue to inspire me. Throughout my university experience, I have been fortunate to receive care, support, and guidance from numerous teachers. I offer my sincere thanks and utmost respect to all teachers.
我衷心感谢大学在过去四年中为我提供的培训。我非常感谢我的导师在论文的每个阶段都为我提供了细致的指导和支持，从选题和概念化到数据收集和最终草稿。他们的帮助使我深刻理解，使我能够顺利完成毕业论文。我衷心表示衷心的感谢。导师严谨的学术方法、广博的知识、敏锐的学术思维、追求卓越的奉献精神、进取的科研精神和坚定不移的教学作风，是我学习历程中永恒的榜样。我还要感谢其他老师的宝贵支持。他们深厚的专业知识和对彻底和实践研究的承诺继续激励着我。在我的大学经历中，我有幸得到了众多老师的关心、支持和指导。我向所有老师致以诚挚的感谢和最崇高的敬意。

I am grateful to my classmates who provided me with encouragement and assistance during the thesis writing process. Through interactions with them, I broadened my perspectives and ideas, enhancing the quality of my graduation thesis.
我很感谢同学们在论文写作过程中给予我的鼓励和帮助。通过与他们的互动，我拓宽了自己的视野和想法，提高了毕业论文的质量。

I am thankful to my parents for their more than 20 years of dedication in raising and educating me, allowing me to acquire knowledge and contribute to society.
我感谢我的父母，感谢他们20多年来对我的养育和教育，让我获得知识，为社会做出贡献。

Lastly, I want to reiterate my appreciation to all the teachers who took the time from their busy schedules to review, provide feedback on this paper, and participate in my thesis defense.
最后，我要再次感谢所有在百忙之中抽出时间审阅、反馈和参与论文答辩的老师。