It features in-depth training videos, challenging 它具有深入的培训视频,具有挑战性
quizzes, a strong network of players and weekly live 测验,强大的玩家网络和每周直播
Q&A sessions.
Learning about the "Four Pillars of Postflop Strategy" reframed my decision making process in even the closest spots. 学习“后翻牌策略的四大支柱”重新构建了我在最紧要关头的决策过程。 Now I feel more comfortable identifying when a hand is a clear raise, call, or fold on the flop, and find myself in fewer marginal situations on later streets than previously. 现在我感到更舒服,能够更清楚地识别翻牌时是明显的加注、跟注还是弃牌,发现自己在后续街道上的边缘情况比以前少了。
Mastering Small Stakes Pot-Limit Omaha should be required reading for any player new to PLO or transitioning from NLHE. Fernando has spent more time engaged in a deep study of PLO than anyone on the planet, so you can be confident his recommended strategies are in any game format and will remain so for many years to come. 精通小注额无限注奥马哈应该是任何新手 PLO 玩家或从 NLHE 过渡的玩家必读的书籍。Fernando 在深入研究 PLO 方面花费了比地球上任何人都多的时间,因此您可以相信他推荐的策略在任何游戏格式中都是有效的,并且将在未来很多年内保持不变。
John Beauprez, WSOP Bracelet Winner and Founder of PLOQuickPro.com
The days when you could be successful in poker by only playing and sometimes reviewing your own hands is long gone. If you are serious about improving and want to take your game to the next level, Mastering Small Stakes Pot-Limit Omaha is one of the best purchases you can make. 你只靠玩牌和偶尔回顾自己的手牌就能在扑克中取得成功的日子早已一去不复返。如果你认真想提高水平,并希望将游戏水平提升到更高层次,掌握小注限奥马哈扑克是你可以做出的最好购买之一。
- Einars, Amateur Poker Player - Einars,业余扑克玩家
Even though I have been a professional poker player and student for more than a decade, this is the first time I really feel like one. This is thanks to Fernando and the PLO Mastermind team. 尽管我已经是一名职业扑克玩家和学生超过十年,但这是我第一次真正感觉自己像一个。这要感谢费尔南多和 PLO Mastermind 团队。
Arthur aka pechcore, Yearly PLO Mastermind member
I was able to move from playing low to mid-high stakes PLO in an incredibly short time frame by following Fernando's coaching. 我通过跟随费尔南多的指导,能够在极短的时间内从低档升级到中高档的 PLO 游戏。 He taught me how to think as a crusher and how to push myself every day to find new methods and new routines that could improve my game and my life as a whole." 他教会了我如何像一台粉碎机一样思考,如何每天推动自己寻找能够改善我的比赛和整个生活的新方法和新常规。
Diego Montone, Amateur Poker Player 迭戈·蒙托内,业余扑克玩家
Fernando Habegger
Fernando "JNandez” Habegger is a well established Pot Limit Omaha specialist and coach. He started playing in 2006 and then took a job as a poker dealer in order to get closer to the game. Fernando "JNandez” Habegger 是一位经验丰富的 Pot Limit Omaha 专家和教练。他从 2006 年开始玩牌,后来成为一名扑克荷官,以便更接近游戏。
Towards the end of 2010, JNandez made the move from No-Limit Hold'em to PLO. He started playing online after investing one third of his bankroll to get the best PLO and mental game coaching available at the time. 2010 年底,JNandez 从无限注德州扑克转向 PLO。他投资了自己的三分之一的银行存款,开始在线玩 ,以获取当时最好的 PLO 和心理游戏辅导。
Since 2011, JNandez has made a profit every year playing mid- and highstakes PLO cash games and tournaments, with profits ranging from to per year from playing poker. He's traveled to most of the major live poker stops and established himself as one of top PLO coaches in the game. 自 2011 年以来,JNandez 每年通过参加中高档 PLO 现金游戏和锦标赛赚取利润,利润范围从 到 美元不等。他曾前往大多数主要的现场扑克站点,并确立自己作为游戏中顶级 PLO 教练的地位。
In April 2018, JNandez launched the PLO Mastermind on JNandezPoker.com (now PLOMastermind.com), one of the biggest PLO training platforms in the world. His content has helped hundreds of members and students take their game and mindset to a new level. 2018 年 4 月,JNandez 在 JNandezPoker.com(现在是 PLOMastermind.com)上推出了 PLO Mastermind,这是世界上最大的 PLO 培训平台之一。他的内容帮助了数百名会员和学生将他们的游戏和心态提升到一个新的水平。
JNandez has travelled and documented the path to become a PLO crusher, JNandez 已经旅行并记录了成为 PLO 破坏者的道路
and now offers his roadmap so you can get started in Mastering Small Stakes Pot-Limit Omaha. 现在提供他的路线图,让您可以开始掌握小注限制奥马哈。
First published in 2020 by D&B Publishing 2020 年首次由 D&B 出版社出版
The right of Fernando Habegger to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyrights, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Fernando Habegger 被确认为此作品的作者,其权利已根据 1988 年的版权、设计和专利法案得到维护。
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. 本出版物的所有权归属于出版商,未经事先许可,不得以任何形式或方式进行复制、存储于检索系统或传输,包括电子、静电、磁带、复印、录音或其他方式。
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 这本书的目录记录可从英国图书馆获取。
ISBN: 9781912862191 ISBN:9781912862191
Cover by Horacio Monteverde.
Printed and bound by Tallinna Raamatutrükikoda in Estonia. 爱沙尼亚的塔林书籍印刷厂印刷和装订。
3-Bet Pots OOP on the Turn/River 转译文本:3-Bet Pots OOP on the Turn/River
3-bet Pots IP
09 Postflop Theory: Multiway Pots
Introduction 介绍
Multiway 3-Bet Pots 多路 3Bet 盆地
Multiway Single-raised Pots 多路单次加注罐
Section Three: Miscellaneous 第三部分:杂项
10 Pot-Limit Omaha Live 10 Pot-Limit Omaha 现场
Live PLO Fundamentals 现场 PLO 基础
Straddling 跨越
Buy-in Strategies
Running it Once or Twice?
Thinking About Players 思考玩家
Playing at the Aria 在 Aria 玩耍
11 Away from the Table 11 远离桌子
Bankroll Management 资金管理
The Mental Game 心理游戏
Study to Play Ratio 学习与玩耍的比例
Introduction 介绍
I started playing poker online in the late 2000s after having played live poker for a couple of years. 我在 2000 年代后期开始玩网上扑克,之前已经玩了几年现场扑克。 Online play was much more accessible for players around the world, and everyone could rail the biggest games in the world from their own house as hundreds of thousands of dollars flew over the table in the blink of an eye. The online poker dream was born. 在线游戏对世界各地的玩家来说更加便捷,每个人都可以在自己的家中参与世界上最大的游戏,数十万美元在眨眼间飞过桌面。在线扑克梦想诞生了。
The players who won the most money in the early days of online poker were mainly the players who were the best live players and they had a very exploitative style of play. 在线扑克早期赢得最多钱的玩家主要是那些最擅长现场比赛的玩家,他们采用了非常具有剥削性的打法。 Some of those players still rank very high on the all-time biggest winners list in online cash games - simply because they took advantage of a new opportunity. 一些玩家仍然在在线现金游戏中的史上最大赢家名单上排名很高 - 简单地因为他们利用了一个新机会。
After a few years, new technologies and software programs became available. These included equity calculators and tools to analyze ranges. Players rising to the top of the game started to work with this new software. This gave them a massive edge in creating a solid strategy. 几年后,新技术和软件程序开始出现。其中包括股权计算器和分析范围的工具。游戏中崭露头角的玩家开始使用这些新软件。这使他们在制定稳健策略方面具有巨大优势。
Since about 2015, we have witnessed the development of more powerful poker software, especially solvers. This has enabled a new crop of players to rise to the summit of the poker world. 自 2015 年左右以来,我们目睹了更强大的扑克软件,特别是解算器的发展。这使得一批新玩家得以崛起到扑克世界的巅峰。 The current elite players have an excellent understanding of how to use these programs in order to find mistakes in their opponent's strategies, while also improving their own. 当前的精英玩家对如何使用这些程序来发现对手策略中的错误以及改进自己有着出色的理解。
In today's poker environment, solvers and other types of software play a huge role in the creation of successful strategies. Learning how to work with these programs can cost a lot of time, energy, and money. 在当今的扑克环境中,求解器和其他类型的软件在成功策略的制定中发挥着巨大作用。学习如何使用这些程序可能会花费大量的时间、精力和金钱。 I understand this well because I have spent hundreds, if not thousands, of hours working with numerous different software programs to figure out how to beat my opponents. 我理解这一点很好,因为我花了数百甚至数千小时与许多不同的软件程序一起工作,以找出如何击败我的对手。
Over the last few years I have dedicated myself to researching the game, putting into practice what I have learned in some of the toughest online games and teaching these strategies to thousands of passionate poker players 在过去的几年里,我一直致力于研究游戏,将我在一些最艰难的在线游戏中学到的知识付诸实践,并将这些策略教给成千上万充满激情的扑克玩家
who are serious about taking their PLO game to the next level. 谁认真地想把他们的 PLO 游戏提升到下一个水平。
The information that you will find in this book comes from the thousands of hours that I put into playing, teaching, and studying Pot Limit Omaha. I have tried to create a fundamental blueprint that will increase your understanding of how to execute a winning PLO strategy. 这本书中的信息来自我花费在玩、教学和研究 Pot Limit Omaha 上的数千小时。我尝试创建一个基本蓝图,以增加您对如何执行成功的 PLO 策略的理解。
In addition to changes in technology, we are also seeing changes in poker formats. Initially Stud changed to Limit Hold'em as the main format and then in the last few decades No-Limit Hold'em has taken over. Nowadays, it is No-Limit Hold'em (NLHE) tournaments that are thriving. 除了技术的变化,我们还看到扑克游戏格式的变化。最初,斯德德(Stud)变成了限注德州扑克(Limit Hold'em)作为主要格式,然后在过去几十年里,无限注德州扑克(No-Limit Hold'em)取而代之。如今,无限注德州扑克(NLHE)锦标赛蓬勃发展。 NLHE cash is also being played almost everywhere. PLO gains traction in some cities more than others as well as during specific times such as tournaments. 无限德州现金游戏几乎在各处都有进行。奥马哈高低限在一些城市比其他城市更受欢迎,也在特定时间如锦标赛期间更受欢迎。 I remember each of the last few WSOP trips I've been on and I've been happy to see more tables offering PLO with each consecutive year. 我记得我参加过的最近几次 WSOP 之旅,很高兴看到每年都有更多的桌子提供 PLO。 Many experienced players are now looking for a new challenge, and want to regain that excitement you feel for a game when you are first introduced to it and discovering how to play it. 许多经验丰富的玩家现在正在寻找新的挑战,并希望重拾当初接触游戏时的激动感,发现如何玩游戏的乐趣。
An important thing to mention is that I've often found that the PLO tables are often the most enjoyable place in the poker room. 一个重要的事情要提到的是,我经常发现 PLO 桌子通常是扑克室里最令人愉快的地方。 There is not as much tension in PLO because many decisions come naturally (although they may be wrong) and most players feel as if they have a shot at winning. 在 PLO 中没有那么多紧张感,因为许多决定都是自然而然的(尽管它们可能是错误的),大多数玩家都觉得自己有机会赢得比赛。 The game offers more action and excitement to players who want to see a lot of flops and go all-in and think the game is similar enough to NLHE, where they understand the basics. 游戏为那些想要看到更多翻牌、全下并认为游戏与 NLHE 相似且理解基础知识的玩家提供了更多的动作和刺激。
Whatever stage you are at in your PLO development, this book will quickly take you through the basics and then into the deeper nuances of PLO. One of the biggest mistakes when approaching PLO is to play it like NLHE. 无论您在 PLO 发展的哪个阶段,这本书都会快速带您了解基础知识,然后深入了解 PLO 的更深层含义。在接近 PLO 时最大的错误之一是将其玩成 NLHE。 If you're someone who is ready for a new challenge within poker, then this book will have something for you. We're going to start out right, by setting the stage for a correct approach to Pot Limit Omaha strategy. 如果你是一个准备在扑克中迎接新挑战的人,那么这本书对你来说会有所帮助。我们将从正确的角度出发,为 Pot Limit Omaha 策略奠定基础。
Fernando Habegger
01
A Modern Approach to Poker
A Modern Poker Approach
What is GTO? 什么是 GTO?
GTO stands for Game Theory Optimal. It describes a model in which two or more players have reached an equilibrium strategy. GTO 代表游戏理论最优。它描述了两个或更多玩家达到平衡策略的模型。 This is a situation in which all strategies are perfectly balanced and none of the players can do anything differently to increase their expected value (EV). 这是一种情况,其中所有策略都完美平衡,没有任何玩家可以做出不同的举动来增加他们的预期价值(EV)。 If everyone at your table is "playing GTO", it means that they are playing a strategy where they are not incentivized to change this strategy because they cannot increase their EV by doing so. 如果你桌上的每个人都在“玩 GTO”,这意味着他们正在执行一种策略,他们没有动力改变这种策略,因为这样做不能增加他们的预期价值。
In such a model, every player is aware of each other's strategy. This means that if a player changes their strategy, every other player will understand this immediately and can start exploiting them. 在这种模型中,每个玩家都意识到彼此的策略。这意味着如果一个玩家改变了他们的策略,其他每个玩家都会立即理解这一点,并开始利用他们。 This model clearly doesn't represent what happens in the real world and so the goal is not to blindly follow GTO. 这个模型显然不代表现实世界中发生的事情,因此目标不是盲目地遵循 GTO。
Our goal is to use GTO as a framework and then find the highest EV strategy by using observations about how our opponents deviate from GTO. 我们的目标是以 GTO 作为框架,然后通过观察我们的对手如何偏离 GTO 来找到最高 EV 策略。
The specific meaning of "GTO" is hotly debated in the poker community and has a lot of stigma attached to it. People have quite polarized opinions about the usefulness of GTO play. “GTO”的具体含义在扑克社区中备受争议,并且带有很多污名。人们对 GTO 玩法的实用性有着截然不同的看法。 Some think it is the ultimate solution whereas others believe it's not helpful at all and can even be misleading. 有人认为这是最终解决方案,而另一些人认为这一点毫无帮助,甚至可能会误导。
At first glance, a GTO solution might seem random and hard to understand. But as we explore it more deeply, we become better at understanding the relevant patterns. The best poker players are exceptionally 乍一看,GTO 解决方案可能看起来随机且难以理解。但随着我们深入探讨,我们变得更擅长理解相关模式。最优秀的扑克玩家异常出色。
good at connecting those patterns to overall poker principles. Working with GTO solutions is not about memorizing thousands of models, it's about understanding the principles behind the patterns that emerge. 善于将这些模式与整体扑克原则联系起来。使用 GTO 解决方案并不是要记住成千上万个模型,而是要理解出现的模式背后的原则。
The GTO Framework
GTO functions as a framework that helps us build a fundamental strategy. When learning which hands to play and how, whether to call or 3-bet, whether to check or c-bet postflop, we need a baseline strategy that introduces a solid foundation for each spot in the game. GTO 作为一个框架,帮助我们建立基本策略。在学习哪些手牌要玩,以及如何玩,是叫注还是 3-bet,是看牌还是 c-bet 后翻牌时,我们需要一个基线策略,为游戏中的每个位置奠定坚实的基础。
There is a concept known as maximum exploitation versus minimum exploitation. Maximum exploitation is about giving the information and reads that you have accumulated the ultimate power over your strategy. 有一个概念被称为最大开发与最小开发。最大开发是关于提供您积累的信息和阅读,从而对您的策略拥有终极权力。 Playing a strategy that is massively influenced by the reads and information that you have about your opponents is very dangerous because if your read is wrong, you will lose a lot of money. 玩一个战略,它受到你对对手的阅读和信息的巨大影响,是非常危险的,因为如果你的阅读是错误的,你将损失很多钱。
By making extreme adjustments to your opponents, you also expose yourself to becoming exploited. For example, if you are going to always bluff the one guy who you think is folding a lot on the river, he might pick up on it because you are bluffing so often. 通过对手进行极端调整,您也暴露了自己容易被利用的风险。例如,如果您总是在河牌时虚张声势,而您认为有一个人在这种情况下经常弃牌,他可能会察觉到这一点,因为您经常在虚张声势。 He might then counter-exploit you, by trapping and calling off frequently. Rather than focusing on adjusting against individual opponents, I want to provide you with a solid framework for a strong PLO strategy. 他可能会反制你,通过频繁地设陷阱和召唤来对付你。我想要为你提供一个强大的 PLO 策略的坚实框架,而不是专注于对抗个别对手。 Once this is established, we will cover when and how to deviate from this baseline to maximize your EV. 一旦这一点确立,我们将讨论何时以及如何偏离这个基准以最大化您的 EV。
For a long time, poker was considered to be a game of reads and exploitation. Because of this legacy it is attractive to use reads and exploitation as your primary decision-making tool. 长期以来,扑克被认为是一种依靠读牌和剥削的游戏。由于这一传统,使用读牌和剥削作为您的主要决策工具是很有吸引力的。 However, the best exploitative strategy will always be built upon an initial solid baseline strategy. 然而,最佳的剥削策略总是建立在一个初始坚实的基线策略之上。
GTO in Practice
Unsurprisingly, many of the early advocates of GTO in poker have risen to the top of the game. Players such as LLinusLLove, OtB_RedBaron, Sauce123, and Ben86 all play a strategy based on GTO and are known to be some of the best poker players in the world. 毫不奇怪,德州扑克中早期的 GTO 倡导者中许多人已经跻身游戏的顶尖。像 LLinusLLove、OtB_RedBaron、Sauce123 和 Ben86 这样的玩家都采用基于 GTO 的策略,并被认为是世界上最优秀的扑克玩家之一。
Ben86, considered one of the best PLO players, was once asked the following question on the Joey Ingram Poker Life Podcast, "What separates Ben86,被认为是最优秀的 PLO 玩家之一,在 Joey Ingram 扑克生活播客上曾被问及以下问题:“是什么让
the top players in the world from the top 100 , and what separates both groups from the top 1000 ?" 世界前 名选手中的前 100 名,以及这两组与前 1000 名选手之间的区别是什么?
His answer was three-fold. 他的回答是三重的。
"The Top 10 players have the strongest fundamental understanding of GTO, allied to an understanding of what should be happening in order to exploit what's actually happening." 前十名选手对 GTO 有最强的基本理解,同时也理解应该发生的事情以利用实际发生的情况。
"The Top 100 players have the same fundamental quality, but the absolute skill level of execution is lower. Then there is also a subset of exploitative "Victor-type" (Isildur1), intuitive players. 前 100 名选手具有相同的基本素质,但执行的绝对技能水平较低。然后还有一部分利用性的“胜利者型”(Isildur1),直觉型选手。 They are very good at executing an exploitative playing style and they are usually massively impacted by variance. It is no easy matter to be clear about who is running good and who is actually good." 他们非常擅长执行剥削性的打法,通常受到方差的巨大影响。要清楚地知道谁在运气好,谁实际上是好手,这并不容易。
"If everybody is playing cat and mouse, then there are going to be clearly superior players in that game. But when the 'cat and mouse players' run into the 'GTO guys' they can't live." 如果每个人都在玩猫鼠游戏,那么在这场游戏中肯定会有明显优秀的玩家。但当“猫鼠玩家”遇到“GTO 家伙”时,他们就无法生存。
Isildur1 had huge success in heads-up NLHE by playing an extremely aggressive style. He was frequently over-betting and bluffing. Although he wasn't playing a GTO strategy, it worked. That was because many of his opponents weren't good enough to know how to counter this style. Isildur1 在头对头无限注德州扑克中取得了巨大成功,他采用了极端激进的风格。他经常过度下注和虚张声势。尽管他没有采用 GTO 策略,但这种方式奏效了。这是因为许多对手不够强大,不知道如何应对这种风格。
You will see this happening very often in low level poker, where one player has a specific set of plays that are working very well within a specific player pool. However, as this player climbs the ranks they run into smarter opponents and get stuck. 在低级扑克中,你会经常看到这种情况发生,其中一个玩家有一套特定的策略在特定的玩家群体中运作得非常好。然而,随着这个玩家攀升排名,他们会遇到更聪明的对手并陷入困境。 Playing mostly by intuition is not a long-term recipe for success. In today's NLHE games, the GTO players are consistently dominating the exploitative ones. 主要凭直觉玩牌并不是成功的长期秘诀。在当今的 NLHE 游戏中,GTO 玩家一直在稳定地主导着剥削性玩家。
Ben86 also seems to refer to variance. The top 100 players will not always be there because they have the strongest GTO understanding of the game, it's also because there is a lot of variance in poker. Ben86 似乎也在提到方差。前 100 名玩家并不总是因为他们对游戏的最强 GTO 理解而在那里,也是因为扑克中存在很多方差。 Not just in all-ins and bad beats, everything from what you get dealt, in which positions, who got the weak player to make a costly play, etc. As a player, it can be difficult to really know how good someone really is or whether they are just running hot. 不仅仅是全推和倒霉的牌,一切都取决于你拿到的牌,所处的位置,谁让弱玩家做出了代价高昂的下注等等。作为一名玩家,真正了解某人的水平有多高或者他们只是运气好是很困难的。
The top 10 players have the strongest understanding of GTO and can quickly identify an imbalance in your game and adjust to exploit you. 前 10 名选手对 GTO 有最强的理解,能够快速识别你游戏中的不平衡,并调整以利用你。
Ben86 says, "if everybody is playing cat and mouse there are going to be clearly superior players at that game." What he means is that when everyone Ben86 说:“如果每个人都在玩猫捉老鼠,那么在这个游戏中肯定会有明显优秀的玩家。”他的意思是当每个人。
is playing an exploitative strategy, there are going to be some people who understand how to exploit the population tendencies better than other players do. They have a superior understanding of the meta-game that is currently being played and they know how to exploit it. 正在采取一种剥削策略,会有一些人比其他玩家更好地理解如何利用人口倾向。他们对当前正在进行的元游戏有着更高级的理解,并知道如何利用它。
But when these primarily exploitative players run into the GTO guys, they can't exploit them, and their weaknesses are revealed. 但是当这些主要是剥削性玩家遇到 GTO 玩家时,他们无法剥削他们,他们的弱点就会暴露出来。 The GTO guys are going to be able to "exploit" the intuitive players by understanding what makes them unbalanced and, at the same time, the GTO players will cap their own downside. That's the real power of GTO. GTO 的玩家们将能够通过理解使他们失衡的因素来“利用”直觉型玩家,同时,GTO 玩家将限制自己的下行风险。这就是 GTO 的真正力量。 That's why the top 10 players all have the strongest fundamental understanding of GTO. 这就是为什么前十名选手都具有对 GTO 最强大的基本理解。
GTO Versus Weak Opponents GTO 对弱对手
There is a huge misconception that when you play against weak opponents, you can focus on making reads and exploit them relentlessly simply because they play a terrible strategy. 有一个巨大的误解,即当你与弱对手对战时,你可以专注于读牌并无情地利用他们,仅仅因为他们采用了糟糕的策略。 However, if you don't know what your opponent is doing because they are unpredictable, then playing a GTO strategy can be extremely helpful. 然而,如果你不知道对手在做什么,因为他们是不可预测的,那么采用 GTO 策略可能会非常有帮助。
Our end goal is not to follow a GTO strategy but to build a better understanding of our opponent's game. Reads are often more accurate and actionable if they are coming from a fundamental understanding of GTO. 我们的最终目标不是追随 GTO 策略,而是建立对对手游戏的更好理解。如果从对 GTO 的基本理解出发,阅读通常更准确和可操作。 If you can spot how an opponent is deviating from GTO and how that makes him or her vulnerable to being exploited, you will be able to create an edge for yourself. That is going to be our goal. 如果你能发现对手如何偏离 GTO,并且如何使他或她容易被利用,你就能为自己创造优势。这将是我们的目标。
Most of the small stakes (and even many high stakes) players that you will face at your tables are going to be making massive mistakes. To generate an edge over them, you need to understand what those mistakes are and how to exploit them. 大多数在你桌上遇到的小注(甚至很多高注)玩家都会犯很大的错误。要获得优势,你需要了解这些错误是什么,以及如何利用它们。
It's true that against recreational players, playing a balanced strategy to prevent getting exploited isn't as important compared to situations when you are playing against pros, because recreational players won't punish you as harshly. 对休闲玩家来说,采用平衡策略以防止被利用并不像在与专业人士对战时那样重要,因为休闲玩家不会像专业人士那样严厉地惩罚你。 But you still want to cap your downside, especially when you don't have much information about your opponent. 但是您仍然希望限制风险,尤其是当您对对手了解不多时。
There are four steps to identify your optimal strategy: 识别您的最佳策略有四个步骤:
- Understand the baseline (identify GTO).
Identify how your opponent deviates from GTO (find leaks). 确定对手如何偏离 GTO(找到漏洞)。
Exploit your opponent's weakness (exploit). 利用对手的弱点(利用)。
Cap the downside (limit downside). 限制下行风险。
An easy example is the following. Let's say that you are on the Button and you have to decide whether you want to raise or fold. You know that in GTO terms, the Button should raise of his combos and the Big Blind (BB) is supposed to defend of hands preflop against a pot raise (identify GTO). 一个简单的例子是这样的。假设你在按钮位置,你必须决定是要加注还是弃牌。你知道在 GTO 术语中,按钮应该加注他的组合 ,大盲(BB)应该在翻牌前防守 手牌来对抗加注(识别 GTO)。
Based on the tendencies of your opponent in the BB so far you might believe they will only defend instead of (find leaks). A possible exploit could be to increase your Button open raising range from up to (exploit). 根据对手在大盲位的倾向,你可能会认为他们只会防守 而不是 (找到漏洞)。一个可能的利用方法是将你的按钮位置开牌范围从 增加到 (利用)。
You still shouldn't extend your Button raising range much more than that because you don't want to get counter-exploited and there is also the possibility that your read is wrong (limit downside). 您仍然不应该将按钮加注范围扩大得比这更多,因为您不希望被对手利用,而且您的读牌也可能是错误的(限制下跌)。 You want to keep your downside protected and the way to do this is by making meaningful, but minimal, exploits. Stick to your baseline and make slight adjustments based on your opponent's tendencies. 您希望保护自己的下行风险,做到这一点的方法是进行有意义但最小化的利用。坚持您的基准,并根据对手的倾向进行轻微调整。 If you do this you make sure that your downside is protected in case your opponent picks up on your adjustments or your read turns out to be wrong. 如果你这样做,你可以确保你的下行在你的对手注意到你的调整或你的判断错误的情况下得到保护。
How to Learn GTO 如何学习 GTO
We can only see GTO results in the form of a poker solver output. For example, a PLO solver suggests to open-raise A-A-5-2 UTG but to fold J-85-2. Thanks to billions of calculations the solver has calculated that one hand is a raise and the other is not. That's all the solver output we get. The solver doesn't tell us why a hand is a raise, so we don't know the reasons. This is where we, as humans, come into play. 我们只能看到 GTO 结果以扑克求解器输出的形式。例如,PLO 求解器建议在 UTG 位置开牌 A-A-5-2,但要弃牌 J-85-2。由于进行了数十亿次计算,求解器计算出一手是 加注,另一手不是。这就是我们得到的求解器输出。求解器不告诉我们为什么一手是加注,所以我们不知道原因。这就是我们作为人类介入的地方。
Our job is to make sense of the outputs by applying logic. We identify patterns and we attach ideas and principles to them. We test by developing a hypothesis, running solver experiments and comparing situations. 我们的工作是通过运用逻辑来理解输出。我们识别模式,将想法和原则与之联系起来。我们通过制定假设、进行求解器实验和比较情况来进行测试。 Then we implement and test the strategies in the real world to build a deeper understanding of what is going on. 然后我们在现实世界中实施和测试这些策略,以更深入地了解正在发生的事情。
The good news is you don't have to worry about the concept of GTO or work with any solver output as I have already done this work. This is what I've been doing since 2017 when the first PLO solvers came out. 好消息是您不必担心 GTO 概念或与任何求解器输出一起工作,因为我已经完成了这项工作。这是我自 2017 年首次出现 PLO 求解器以来一直在做的事情。 I have spent thousands of hours researching GTO fundamentals and, in this book, I'll 我已经花费了数千小时研究 GTO 基础知识,在这本书中,我将
present it to you with easy-to-apply concepts. You will go through the process of building your solid baseline strategy and start learning how to maximize your win rate when other players are deviating from a "GTO strategy." 用易于应用的概念向您展示。您将经历建立坚实基线策略并开始学习如何在其他玩家偏离“GTO 策略”时最大化您的胜率的过程。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
Against unknown players, start with a balanced strategy to play a strong game while minimizing your downside. 对于未知的玩家,从一个平衡的策略开始,玩一个强大的游戏,同时最大限度地减少你的风险。
Once you get more reads and information on your opponents, you can start to deviate from your baseline strategy. 一旦您获得更多关于对手的阅读和信息,您就可以开始偏离您的基本策略。
Make sure that you don't over-adjust as doing so will expose you to significant risks. 确保您不要过度调整,因为这样做会使您面临重大风险。
There are four steps to creating an optimal strategy: 创建最佳策略有四个步骤:
Understand the baseline and use it to build solid principles. 理解基线并利用它来建立坚实的原则。
Identify in which way your opponents deviate from GTO. 确定你的对手偏离了 GTO 的方式。
Exploit your opponents' weaknesses.
Limit your downside. 限制你的下行风险。
02
Preflop Play 翻牌前玩法
Preflop Strategy Introduction
In this section, we will go over different preflop categories, explain the differences between Pot Limit Omaha (PLO) and No-Limit Hold'em (NLHE), and cover the most important preflop concepts. 在本节中,我们将讨论不同的起手牌分类,解释无限注德州扑克(NLHE)和底池限注奥马哈(PLO)之间的区别,并介绍最重要的起手概念。 The main goal of this introduction is that you gain an excellent understanding of the fundamentals so your preflop game can improve step-by-step in the subsequent chapters. 这个介绍的主要目标是让您对基本原理有出色的理解,以便您的翻牌游戏可以在后续章节中逐步改善。
Preflop Equity in PLO and NLHE
Most players are very likely coming to PLO from a NLHE background, so let's start with a few key differences between the games. 大多数玩家很可能是从无限德州扑克背景转向 PLO,所以让我们从游戏之间的一些关键区别开始。
The most obvious (and fun!) difference is that in PLO you are dealt four cards. That doesn't mean there are twice as many starting hands possible in PLO. In fact, there are 270,725 starting hand combinations whereas in NLHE there are only 1,326 possible combinations. 最明显(也是最有趣的!)区别是,在 PLO 中你会被发四张牌。这并不意味着在 PLO 中有两倍多的起手可能性。事实上,在 PLO 中有 270,725 种起手组合,而在 NLHE 中只有 1,326 种可能的组合。
The good news is that PLO is not like NLHE where you can learn all your opening ranges by heart. In PLO it is much more about understanding scenarios and principles rather than memorizing individual hand combinations. 好消息是 PLO 不像 NLHE 那样,你可以把所有的开牌范围都背下来。在 PLO 中,更多的是理解情景和原则,而不是记忆个别手牌组合。
In the preflop section of the book, I will split up the different starting hands into various categories to help you develop a good intuition for which hands to open preflop and which hands to fold. 在书的起手牌部分,我会将不同的起手牌分成各种类别,以帮助您培养对何时应该起手和何时应该弃牌的良好直觉。 I'll also share with you some common traps new players often fall into, so you can avoid these mistakes and gain an immediate advantage over your opponents. After reading this 我还会与您分享一些新玩家经常会陷入的常见陷阱,这样您就可以避免这些错误,并立即获得对手的优势。阅读完这篇文章后
book, you will understand preflop patterns and know what to look for when deciding whether to open-raise or fold. 书籍,您将了解翻牌前的模式,并知道在决定是开牌还是弃牌时要注意什么。
Let's start by developing an understanding of how to value and categorize your hand preflop. In PLO, preflop equities between hands are much smoother than in NLHE, meaning that preflop equities run much closer. 让我们首先开始了解如何评估和分类您的起手牌。在 PLO 中,起手牌之间的起手权益比在 NLHE 中更加平滑,这意味着起手权益更加接近。 If you get dealt Aces in NLHE, you will probably be very excited about the upcoming hand since you will have very high equity and therefore you will very often win. 如果你在无限注德州扑克中得到了 A 牌,你可能会对即将到来的手牌感到非常兴奋,因为你将拥有非常高的股权,因此你很可能会经常赢得比赛。
For example, if you have Aces and your opponent is holding Q will have about equity. In PLO, if you have an extremely strong hand such as A-A-K-K and your opponent holds J-7 - J you only have about equity. This difference in equity can come as a frustrating surprise to some players. 例如,如果你有 A,而你的对手持有 Q,你大约会有 的股权。在 PLO 中,如果你有非常强大的手牌,比如 A-A-K-K,而你的对手持有 J-7-J,你只有大约 的股权。这种股权差异可能会让一些玩家感到沮丧的惊喜。
It is a common misunderstanding to think that because preflop equities run closer, it means there is less room for an edge in PLO, compared to NLHE. In reality the opposite is often the case because a lot of your opponents will use this as an excuse to justify playing very loose. 认为因为起手牌的公平性更接近,就意味着在 PLO 中比在 NLHE 中更难获得优势,这是一个常见的误解。实际上,通常情况相反,因为很多对手会以此为借口来证明他们可以玩得很松。 This is a huge mistake and one that should allow you to print money against these players. 这是一个巨大的错误,应该让你对这些球员印钞。
Another reason players tend to play too many hands preflop in PLO is because the worst possible odds your opponents have to consider is 2-to-1 on a preflop call. Many players think that as long as they have equity preflop, they should continue. As we will see later, this is not the case. 在 PLO 中,玩家倾向于在翻牌前玩太多手的另一个原因是因为对手必须考虑的最差赔率是 2 比 1。许多玩家认为只要他们在翻牌前有 的股权,他们就应该继续。但我们将在后面看到,情况并非如此。
By the way, the general rule for calculating the maximum raise size is: 顺便说一下,计算最大加注尺寸的一般规则是:
Take the previous bet, multiply it by 3 , and then add that to what is already in the pot. 将先前的赌注乘以 3,然后加上已经在锅中的金额。
For example, you are UTG in a 6-max $5/$10 game. To calculate the maximum opening raise, take the previous bet (in this case the Big Blind). Then, multiply this by . Finally, add what is already in the pot, the small blind. 例如,您在 6 人座$5/$10 游戏中是 UTG。要计算最大的开牌加注,需要将前一个赌注(在这种情况下是 大盲注)乘以 。最后,再加上已经在奖池中的 小盲注。
So, you could pot it to in this situation ($10 Big Blind x 3) + $5 small blind. This means that if play is folded to the Big Blind, they would have to call in a pot of . 所以,在这种情况下,您可以把它放到 ($10 大盲注 x 3)+ $5 小盲注。这意味着如果玩家放弃到大盲注,他们将不得不在 的底池中叫 。
If the player in the Cutoff wanted to make a pot-size 3-bet, they would take the previous bet, which is your $35 open-raise. Multiply that raise by 3 ($35 x ). Finally, add the rest of the pot, which is the small blind ($5) and 如果 Cutoff 位置的玩家想要进行一个与底池大小相等的 3Bet,他们需要拿到之前的赌注,也就是你的$35 的开盲注。将这个加注乘以 3($35 x )。最后,再加上剩下的底池金额,也就是小盲注($5)。
the Big Blind ($10). The maximum 3-bet size that the Cutoff can use is therefore ( ). When it comes back to you, you would be facing an call in a pot, so again the odds are 2-to-1. 大盲注($10)。因此,Cutoff 可以使用的最大 3-bet 尺寸是 ( )。当轮到你时,你将面对一个 底池中的 跟注,所以再次赔率为 2 比 1。
Usually you don't have to calculate the pot size yourself. If you are playing online, just click the pot or max Button to preview the size. If you are playing live, the dealer can calculate the pot size for you if you request it. 通常情况下,您不必自己计算底池大小。如果您在网上玩,只需点击底池或最大按钮即可预览大小。如果您在现场玩,如果您要求,荷官可以为您计算底池大小。 What is important to keep in mind are the pot odds and how the other players consider them. How much of their strategy are they (or you) basing on simple pot odds? 重要的是要记住的是赌注比和其他玩家如何考虑它们。 他们(或您)的策略有多少是基于简单的赌注比?
The Difference Between Equity and Expected Value (EV) 权益和预期价值(EV)之间的区别
In PLO, the gap between the basic value of a hand and its situational value is often much greater than in NLHE. 在 PLO 中,一手牌的基本价值和情境价值之间的差距通常比在 NLHE 中大得多。
Basic value is based on a hand's equity. For example, if you are holding Q -J-10 and your opponent holds 9--7-6 equity. You can figure out the preflop equities on a site such as propokertools.com. 基本价值是基于手牌的公平性。例如,如果你手中有 Q-J-10,而你的对手手中有 9-7-6,你可以在 propokertools.com 这样的网站上计算出翻牌前的公平性。
However, equity calculations such as this don't take into account equity realization. They simply represent how often a hand is going to win versus another hand when they go all-in. When you think about basic value you don't consider any future bets. 然而,这样的权益计算并未考虑权益实现。它们只是表示一手牌在全押时与另一手牌相比获胜的频率。当您考虑基本价值时,您不考虑任何未来的下注。 This isn't a realistic representation of your hand's value unless you are going all-in and know for a fact you will realize all your hand's equity by getting to showdown. 这不是你手牌价值的真实代表,除非你全押并且确信你将通过到达摊牌阶段实现所有手牌的权益。
Situational value adjusts the value of a hand based on the context of the situation, which creates a much more realistic picture as it takes equity realizability into account: whether you will under-realize or over-realize your equity. 情境价值根据情境的背景调整手牌的价值,这样可以更真实地反映情况,因为它考虑了权益的实现性:你是否会低估或高估你的权益。 Giving situational value to a hand allows for the calibration of preflop ranges based on the particular situation. 将手牌赋予情境价值,可以根据特定情况校准翻牌前的范围。
In PLO, situational value is extremely important, even more important than in NLHE. In this book, I will provide you with all the information and tools that you need to assess the situational value of a hand. 在 PLO 中,情境价值非常重要,甚至比在 NLHE 中更重要。在这本书中,我将为您提供评估手牌情境价值所需的所有信息和工具。 In later chapters, we will discuss the concept of calibration in more depth but for now, you should know that it's about adjusting your preflop range to the situation you are in or are headed into, based on numerous factors such as position, opponent tendencies and the number of players that have already entered the pot. 在后面的章节中,我们将更深入地讨论校准的概念,但现在,您应该知道,这是关于根据诸多因素(如位置、对手倾向和已经进入底池的玩家数量)调整您的起手范围以适应您所处或即将进入的情况。
Equity Distribution 股权分配
What is (Flop) Equity Distribution? 什么是(翻牌)权益分配?
Many players think about preflop and postflop strategy separately but, in reality, they depend on each other. Let's touch a little on the basics of postflop strategy and how that can help us determine which hands are profitable to play preflop and which aren't. 许多玩家认为翻牌前和翻牌后策略是分开的,但实际上它们是相互依存的。让我们简单谈一下翻牌后策略的基础知识,以及如何帮助我们确定哪些手牌在翻牌前是有利可图的,哪些不是。
Flop equity distribution is the equity of specific hands or ranges that are distributed on the subsequent street. In simpler terms, it explains how we are flopping with our specific hand or range against the hand/range of our opponent(s) across all possible remaining streets. 翻牌权益分配是指在随后的街道上分配的特定手牌或范围的权益。简单来说,它解释了我们如何在所有可能的剩余街道上,用我们的特定手牌或范围对手(们)的手牌/范围进行翻牌。
The first question you might ask yourself right now is, "when should I think about flop equity distribution?” You should think about flop equity distribution in every possible preflop scenario. 你现在可能会问自己的第一个问题是,“我什么时候应该考虑翻牌权益分配?”你应该在每种可能的翻牌前情景中考虑翻牌权益分配。
At any point in the hand, you always have to determine if it's profitable to invest additional money into the pot. Unless you're all-in or close to it, the answer to this question will depend on how the subsequent streets are going to be played. 在任何时候,您都必须确定将额外资金投入底池是否有利可图。除非您全押或接近全押,否则这个问题的答案将取决于接下来的街道将如何打。 This concept might sound very technical, so let's jump in with a practical example (Diagram 1). 这个概念听起来可能很技术性,所以让我们通过一个实际的例子来深入了解(图表 1)。
This graph represents the flop equity distribution of all K-K-x-x hands against all A-A-x-x hands. In other words, it demonstrates the equity that Kings have versus Aces across all possible flops. 这张图代表了所有 K-K-x-x 手牌对所有 A-A-x-x 手牌的翻牌公平分布。换句话说,它展示了国王手牌对阿斯手牌在所有可能的翻牌中的公平性。
Consider this, a tight player makes a 4-bet off a 100bb stack and we know that he only does this with Aces. What action should we take against his 4bet? 考虑到这一点,一个紧密型玩家在 100bb 的筹码堆叠上进行 4-bet,我们知道他只会用 Aces 这样做。我们应该如何应对他的 4bet? In this situation, just as in any preflop scenario, the flop equity distribution profile of your hand versus your opponents' range should be one of the main deciding factors in your decision. 在这种情况下,就像在任何翻牌前的情况一样,你手牌与对手手牌范围的翻牌权益分布概况应该是你决策的主要因素之一。
Diagram 1 图表 1
Flop equity distribution of versus 与 的翻牌权益分配
On the vertical axis of the graph, you can see how much equity you are flopping with your range, versus your opponents' range. On the horizontal axis, you can see the frequency percentage of boards where we flop that certain amount of equity. 在图表的垂直轴上,您可以看到您的范围与对手范围相比翻牌时的权益量。在水平轴上,您可以看到我们翻牌获得特定权益量的频率百分比。
Kings versus Aces is known to have a "rough" equity distribution. That is, about of the time Kings will flop a strong hand with at least equity, usually meaning a set or two pairs. Then we see a steep dropoff in equity, when the Kings don't out flop the Aces and are still behind the overpair. Most of the time, the flop equity with Kings versus Aces will be well below . Back to the example. If you are holding Kings and you know that your opponent is holding Aces, should you call the 4-bet? Based on the graph, what do you think? 国王对阿斯是众所周知的“粗糙”权益分配。也就是说,大约 的时间国王会在翻牌时拿到至少 权益的强手,通常意味着三条或两对。然后我们会看到权益急剧下降,当国王没有超过阿斯并且仍然落后于大对手时。大多数情况下,国王对阿斯的翻牌权益将远低于 。回到这个例子。如果你手里有国王,而你知道对手手里有阿斯,你应该跟注 4 倍吗?根据图表,你认为呢?
The answer is no, you shouldn't. Not if you're sure that your opponent has Aces. Intuitively this might already make sense to you. We just don't outdraw Aces often enough on the flop and are paying a steep price to see it. 答案是否定的,你不应该这样做。如果你确定对手有 Aces,那就更不应该了。直觉上,这对你来说可能已经有意义了。我们在翻牌时很少能够超过 Aces,并且为了看到它而付出了高昂的代价。
Flop Equity Distribution of Other Hands 其他手牌的翻牌权益分配
Now think about the following hand: . Should you call a 4-bet 现在想想以下手牌: 。如果你应该跟注 4 倍下注
with this double-suited rundown if you know your opponent is holding Aces? This hand's flop equity distribution versus Aces looks like this (Diagram 2). 如果你知道对手手中有 Aces,那么这个双花色的破产手牌怎么办?这手牌与 Aces 的翻牌权益分布如下(图 2)。
Diagram 2 图表 2
Flop equity distribution of versus 与 的翻牌权益分配
As you can see, there is no steep dropoff in equity. The difference is apparent and equity distribution profiles like this are called "smooth" distributions. Again, you intuitively might already understand that you should call with this hand. But why exactly? 正如您所看到的,股权没有急剧下降。差异是明显的,像这样的股权分配配置被称为“平滑”分布。再次,您可能已经直觉地了解您应该用这只手打电话。但为什么呢?
will flop equity or more of the time. 将在 的股权或更多的时间内失败 。
8-7-6 -5 will flop equity or more of the time. 8-7-6 -5 将在 的时间中翻牌 或更多的股权。
8-7-6-5 will flop equity or more of the time. 8-7-6-5 将在 的时候翻牌 或更多的股权。
We can conclude that there are many different boards on which - will flop enough equity to continue against a c-bet from our opponent postflop, which is an incredibly important factor when deciding if you should be calling or folding preflop. You will be able to realize your hand's equity much more often versus an overpair. 我们可以得出结论,有许多不同的牌面, - 会在对手的后翻筹码下跌足够的资产,这是决定你是否应该在翻牌前跟注或弃牌的一个非常重要因素。你将更频繁地实现你手牌的资产对抗对手的高对子。
The equity distribution profile of Kings included a big inflection point 国王的股权分配概况包括一个重要的拐点
caused by the fact that we either flop a set or we don't. The flop equity profile of 8-7-6-5 double-suited doesn't have an inflection point, which makes the graph much more "smooth." 由于我们要么翻牌要么不翻牌的事实。 8-7-6-5 双色牌的翻牌权益曲线没有拐点,这使得图表更加“平滑”。
Hands that have a very rough equity distribution are generally not worth investing a lot of money into the pot preflop. 手牌分布非常坎坷的手牌通常不值得在翻牌前投入大量资金。 You can compare it to setmining in NLHE, where you don't want to invest a lot of Big Blinds calling with a hand such as 5-5 because it will mostly do well only if you flop a set. 您可以将其与在无限德州扑克中的 setmining 进行比较,在那里您不希望投入很多大盲注来跟注 5-5 这样的手牌,因为只有在翻牌时获得三条时才会有很好的表现。 When you hold 5-5 in a big pot without a set, you will very often have to fold postflop versus continued aggression from your opponent. 当你在一个大底池中拿着 5-5 而没有三条时,你很可能会经常在后翻牌时对手持续的侵略下选择弃牌。
Hands that have a smooth equity distribution profile will flop a solid amount of equity on a high percentage of different boards. We don't need a set to have a lot of equity versus a bare overpair. 具有平滑权益分配配置文件的手会在不同牌面的高百分比上翻牌大量权益。我们不需要一副牌有很多权益与裸露的对手对手。 There are many combinations of pair plus draw or combo draws with high postflop equity. We also have better visibility, meaning we tend to know if we're ahead or not more easily than we do with a pair of Kings. We will talk more about visibility in later postflop chapters. 有许多组合的对子加上绘制或组合绘制,具有高后翻牌权益。我们也有更好的可见性,意味着我们倾向于更容易知道我们是否领先,而不像拿着一对国王那样困难。我们将在后续的后翻牌章节中更多地讨论可见性。
These two hands are quintessential PLO examples for flop distribution. While you must learn to think about the equity distribution profile of your hand or range, you shouldn't think solely in terms of being either smooth or rough. 这两只手是翻牌分配的典型 PLO 示例。虽然你必须学会考虑你的手牌或范围的权益分配情况,但不应只考虑是平稳还是粗糙。 A lot of hands will fall somewhere in between the two categories. As previously mentioned, there are additional principles to consider when deciding whether to play a hand which we will cover in the following chapters. 很多手牌会落在这两个类别之间。如前所述,在决定是否打一手牌时,还有其他原则需要考虑,我们将在接下来的章节中进行讨论。
For now, just know that preflop strategy depends strongly on what sort of postflop scenario you are setting up for yourself. 目前,只需知道,起手策略强烈取决于您为自己设置了什么样的翻牌后局面。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
The flop equity distribution profile of your hand or range can be a critical decision factor when determining what action to take preflop. 您手牌或范围的翻牌权益分布概况可能是确定翻牌前采取何种行动的关键决策因素。
Hands with a flop equity distribution that features a slowly descending amount of average equity across all boards are called smooth hands. For example: . 手牌的公平分布特征是在所有牌局中平均公平度逐渐降低的手牌被称为平滑手牌。例如: 。
Hands that can flop very well occasionally but are more often just 可以很好地翻转的手,但更常见的是只是
mediocre or marginal hands are called rough hands, for example K -9-2 . These will have a steep drop-off in average equity across a number of boards. 中文简体:平庸或边缘的手被称为粗糙的手,例如 K -9-2。这些手在多个牌局中的平均权益会急剧下降。
Smooth hands are often better propositions to invest additional chips into the pot preflop than rough hands. 光滑的手牌通常比粗糙的手牌更适合在翻牌前投入额外的筹码。
Stack-to-Pot Ratio (SPR) 堆栈与底池比率(SPR)
What is SPR? 什么是 SPR?
Another key postflop concept to understand is stack-to-pot ratio (SPR). The SPR describes the relationship between your stack size and the size of the pot. 另一个重要的后翻概念要理解的是筹码与底池比率(SPR)。SPR 描述了您的筹码堆大小与底池大小之间的关系。
Postflop decision-making in poker is largely affected by equity, position and the SPR. Understanding the relation between equity and SPR is the bread and butter of PLO stack-off situations. The smaller the SPR is, the less equity we need to stack off (go all-in). 在扑克中,后翻牌决策在很大程度上受到资产、位置和 SPR 的影响。理解资产和 SPR 之间的关系是 PLO 全押情况的基础。SPR 越小,我们需要全押(all-in)的资产就越少。
Let's elaborate on this with an easy calculation. 让我们用简单的计算来详细说明这一点。
There is in the pot and your stack is which means that you have an SPR of 4-to-1 ($400/$100). In poker, even though it's a ratio, SPR is usually expressed as a single number, in this case 4. 壶里有 ,你的筹码堆是 ,这意味着你的 SPR 是 4 比 1($400/$100)。在扑克中,尽管它是一个比率,SPR 通常表示为一个单一数字,这种情况下是 4。
If the SPR is low, e.g. 1 or 2 , it means that you are playing with very shallow stacks and you will need less equity to stack off. If the SPR is higher, e.g. 6 , you will need a lot more equity to stack off. 如果 SPR 很低,例如 1 或 2,这意味着您正在使用非常浅的筹码堆玩游戏,并且您需要更少的资产来全押。如果 SPR 较高,例如 6,您将需要更多的资产来全押。 In this book, we will use the term SPR frequently, and you will begin to understand how much equity you need at a particular stack depth to stack off correctly. 在这本书中,我们将经常使用术语 SPR,并且您将开始了解在特定的堆栈深度上正确进行全押需要多少资产。
The key numbers when dealing with the SPR are 1,4 and 13 . If you are at SPR 1, it takes one full pot-sized bet to get the money in. For SPR 4, it takes two full pot bets. And for SPR 13, it takes 3 full pot bets. 处理 SPR 时的关键数字是 1、4 和 13。如果您在 SPR 1,需要下注一个完整的底池大小才能把钱放进去。对于 SPR 4,需要下注两个完整的底池大小。而对于 SPR 13,需要下注三个完整的底池大小。
In single-raised pots, the SPR is usually between 8 or 9 for heads-up pots, or 6 to 7 for multiway pots. In 3-bet pots, the SPR is usually 3.5 to 4 in heads-up pots, and closer to 2 in multiway pots. 在单次加注的情况下,头对头的 SPR 通常在 8 或 9 之间,而多路加注的情况下为 6 到 7。在 3 次加注的情况下,头对头的 SPR 通常为 3.5 到 4,而多路加注的情况下更接近 2。 This means that overall, in most situations, you could get all the money in by the river. 这意味着总体而言,在大多数情况下,你可以在河牌圈押入所有筹码。
However, we are not always betting full pot and the focus is not on getting all the money in, it's about making the highest EV decisions. 然而,我们并不总是押满筹码,重点不在于把所有的钱都赢回来,而是要做出最高 EV 价值的决策。 If you want to succeed at PLO, you must understand the equities of your hand or range against your opponent's range and you need to combine this with the SPR calculations. 如果你想在 PLO 中取得成功,你必须了解你手牌或范围与对手范围的资产,并且需要将这一点与 SPR 计算相结合。
SPR and Stacking-Off SPR 和堆叠离场
The next table (Diagram 3) should give you broad indications of how much 下表(图 3)应该为您提供了关于多少的广泛指示
equity you need with what SPR to be able to stack off profitably. This assumes you have no fold equity with your raise. 您需要的权益与 SPR 相结合,才能有利可图地进行堆叠。这假设您在加注时没有折叠权益。
Stack to Pot Ratio (SPR) 堆叠到底池比率(SPR)
Stack-off Equity Needed 堆栈权益需求
0.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
13
Diagram 3 图表 3
Remember that when deciding whether or not to stack-off, you shouldn't compare the EV of stacking off only to folding or a break-even situation. You should also be comparing it to the EV of calling. 记住,在决定是否要全押时,你不应该仅将全押的预期价值与弃牌或平衡局面进行比较。你还应该将其与跟注的预期价值进行比较。 Calling can be the highest EV play even in medium-low SPRs, especially when you are in position because it allows you to use your positional advantage over multiple streets. You are also calling sometimes with near equity, such as when slowplaying. 在中低 SPR 中,即使在位置上,跟注可能是最高 EV 的策略,因为它允许您利用您在多个街道上的位置优势。有时您也会以接近 的资产跟注,比如慢速玩牌。
The takeaway from this table is that once you get to SPR 5 or above, you don't want to be routinely getting it in light on the flop. By light, I mean against a range that will have you dominated. 从这个表格中得出的结论是,一旦你达到 SPR 5 或更高,你不想在翻牌时轻易就进入比赛。所谓轻易,是指对抗一个会让你处于劣势的范围。 The thing is that as the SPR increases, your opponents are willing to stack off with stronger hands and in PLO it very often ends up being the nuts or a dominating combo draw unless 事情是,随着 SPR 的增加,你的对手愿意用更强的手牌全押,而在 PLO 中,很多时候最终都是最佳牌或者占优势的连续抽牌
the stacks are very shallow. 这些堆栈非常浅。
In multiway pots you also want to tighten up your stack-off threshold, even when the SPR is comparatively lower. This is because you're now facing multiple opponents and the chances of running into a better hand are greater. It is also possible to run into multiple strong hands. 在多路锅中,即使 SPR 相对较低,您也希望收紧您的全押阈值。这是因为您现在面对多个对手,遇到更好的手牌的机会更大。也有可能遇到多个强手。
When an opponent is potting the flop with a low SPR, and seemingly committing to the hand, you should use the previous table and calculate the stack-off profitability. 当对手在低 SPR 情况下下注翻牌,并似乎致力于这手牌时,您应该使用之前的表格并计算堆叠盈利能力。 If you're facing a half-pot bet at a higher SPR, you probably have some flop fold equity and can justify stacking off and bluffraising a part of your range. 如果你面对一个更高 SPR 的半注大小的赌注,你可能有一些翻牌弃牌权益,并且可以理直气壮地全推和搞笑地加注你的一部分范围。 In the table below (Diagram 4), you can see how having just a little bit of fold equity significantly decreases the stack-off equity required to breakeven. 在下表中(图 4),您可以看到,只要有一点点的折叠权益,就可以显著降低达到盈亏平衡所需的全押权益。
Stack to Pot Ratio (SPR) 堆叠到底池比率(SPR)
Plus % Fold Equity 加倍% 折叠权益
Stack-off Equity Needed 堆栈权益需求
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
4
4
Diagram 4 图表 4
We will discuss SPR more in depth in future single-raised pots and 3-bet pots chapters. 我们将在未来的单次加注和 3 次加注章节中更深入地讨论 SPR。 For now it is just important for you to know what SPR is, so you will be able to understand how it all comes together with the concepts of nuttiness and calibration to affect your preflop range construction. 目前重要的是让您了解什么是 SPR,这样您就能理解它如何与疯狂和校准的概念结合在一起,影响您的翻牌前范围构建。
Studying Preflop Strategy
In PLO, it's not possible to memorize all hand combinations for each situation. What we can do is to split hands up into different categories. Here we will assign nine different categories into which a hand can be placed. 在 PLO 中,不可能记住每种情况下所有手牌组合。我们可以做的是将手牌分成不同的类别。在这里,我们将把手牌分为九个不同的类别。
Before we do that, let's clarify a few terms. 在我们开始之前,让我们澄清一些术语。
Rainbow means that you hold exactly four cards with four different suits. 彩虹意味着你手中正好有四张不同花色的牌。
Single-suited means that you hold exactly two, three or four cards from 单色意味着您手中正好有两、三或四张牌
the same suit. For example, A or . 相同的套装。例如,A 或 。
Double-suited means that you hold precisely two cards from two different suits. For example or . 双色牌意味着您手中恰好有两张来自两种不同花色的牌。例如 或 。
We can use the nine preflop categories as a structural separation of all the preflop combinations. Keep in mind that these categories do not imply a strength difference; they are only used to provide an overview of all the possible hand combinations. 我们可以使用九种起手牌分类作为所有起手组合的结构分离。请记住,这些分类并不意味着强度差异;它们仅用于提供所有可能手牌组合的概览。
Unpaired single-suited
Unpaired double-suited 未配对的双色
Unpaired rainbow 不成对的彩虹
One pair single-suited
One pair double-suited 一对双色牌
One pair rainbow 一对彩虹
Two pair single-suited
Two pair double-suited 两对双色牌
Two pair rainbow 两对彩虹
All possible starting hands fall into one of these categories. As you can see in the table below (Diagram 5), the nine categories vary greatly in terms of strength and in terms of how often they get dealt to you. 所有可能的起手牌都属于这些类别之一。正如您可以在下表(图表 5)中看到的那样,这九个类别在强度和发牌频率方面差异很大。
Unpaired
Paired 配对
Double Paired 双对
Single Suited 单色
Double Suited 双色牌
Rainbow
Diagram 5 图表 5
Frequency of Being Dealt Hand Categories 被发放手牌类别的频率
This chart shows that it is very likely that you will get dealt an unpaired single-suited hand as this happens of the time. The probability of getting a double-paired hand is very low. In this chapter, I will very briefly discuss the different categories. The main goal here is to familiarize you with 这张图表显示,你很可能会被发到一手非配对单花色的牌,因为这种情况发生的概率是 。获得一手双对子的牌的概率非常低。在本章中,我将简要讨论不同的类别。这里的主要目标是让你熟悉。
the words and terms, so please don't try to memorize all the exact categories and frequencies. 请不要试图记住所有确切的类别和频率。
Unpaired Single-suited
Let's briefly break down the unpaired single-suited category into more detail. An example of a hand in this category would be A - . This hand belongs in the top of strongest hands when it comes to basic value. 让我们简要地详细介绍一下不成对的单色类别。这个类别中的一个手牌示例是 A - 。当涉及基本价值时,这手牌属于最强手牌的前 。
Another hand in this category, , is in the bottom of PLO hands. Why exactly does this second hand rank so low? It looks nice enough and you might think that it's easy to make straights with this hand. 在这个类别中, ,是 PLO 手牌中排名最低的 。为什么这第二手牌排名如此之低呢?看起来还不错,你可能会认为用这手牌很容易做顺子。
A lot of these low hands are actually very weak because these hands will give you a lot of weak made hands (such as bottom two pairs) and draws (such as low straights) that can easily be dominated by your opponents. 很多这些低手实际上非常弱,因为这些手会给你很多弱牌手(比如底部两对)和牌型(比如低顺子),很容易被对手压制。 In PLO, it is very important that you play the right hands preflop to avoid being dominated postflop. Playing a lot of weak hands that are easily dominated is one of the easiest and most common ways to burn money. 在 PLO 中,很重要的一点是在翻牌前打对的手牌,以避免在翻牌后被支配。打很多容易被支配的弱手牌是浪费金钱的最简单和最常见的方式之一。 Especially, as mentioned before, if you rely on pot odds and miscalculate your hand's profitability and equity realization on future streets. 特别是,如前所述,如果您依赖锅赔率并错误计算您手牌的盈利能力和未来街道上的权益实现。
In Pot-Limit Omaha High Cards are Still Best
In PLO, just as in NLHE, high cards usually win. Players mistakenly overvalue hands with low suits and low rundowns because these hands look good. You want to play hands based on their components and on the value they have in specific situations. 在 PLO 中,就像在 NLHE 中一样,高牌通常会赢。玩家通常会错误地高估低花色和低级牌的手牌,因为这些手牌看起来不错。您应该根据手牌的组成部分以及在特定情况下的价值来打牌。
Suit Types 西装类型
Hands with two, three or even four cards of the same suit all fall into the "single-suited" category. However, the strength of these hands can be quite different. 手中有两张、三张甚至四张同花色的牌都属于“单花色”类别。然而,这些手牌的强度可能会有很大不同。 A hand with four cards of the same suit, such as A -K -9 -8 , is much worse than the same hand with only two of the same suit, e.g. A -K -8 . It's simply a lot harder to make a flush when you hold four cards of the same suit as you already block two of your potential flush outs. 一手有四张相同花色的牌,比如 A -K -9 -8,比起只有两张相同花色的手牌,例如 A -K -8,要差得多。当你手中有四张相同花色的牌时,要组成同花顺就会困难得多,因为你已经挡住了两张可能的同花顺牌。 When I mention hands with three cards of the same suit I will call them "trip-suited hands" and hands with four cards of the same suit will be called "monotone hands". 当我提到三张相同花色的手牌时,我会称之为“三花色手牌”,而四张相同花色的手牌将被称为“单色手牌”。
Therefore, there are three types of single-suited hands in this category. 因此,在这个类别中有三种类型的单色手牌。 Single-suited A↔-K -Q 单色 A↔-K -Q
Trip-suited A -K -Q -J 旅行适合 A -K -Q -J
Monotone A
Another point to note is that higher-value hands have the highest suits but don't block the second highest suit. For example, A is great because when you make a flush, you can easily get paid by a King-, Queenor Jack-high flush. Equity wise, it might be similar to a hand such as A-KQ -10 but it will have better situational value. 另一个要注意的重点是,价值更高的手牌拥有最高的花色,但不会挡住第二高的花色。例如,A 很棒,因为当你组成同花时,你可以轻松地得到由 K、Q 或 J 高同花付款。从公平性的角度来看,它可能类似于 A-KQ-10 这样的手牌,但在特定情况下具有更好的价值。 Avoid monotone and tripsuited hands that have less outs to make a flush and a smaller chance to run into weaker flushes. 避免单调和三张同花的手牌,这些手牌的外部较少,很难组成同花,并且更容易碰到较弱的同花。
Double-paired 双对的
Double-paired hands are only dealt to you about of the time and they vary quite a lot in strength. The main strength of double-paired hands is their ability to flop a set, which they do about of the time. 双对手牌只有约 的概率发到你手中,它们在实力上差异很大。双对手牌的主要优势在于能够在翻牌圈中组成三条,这种情况发生的概率约为 。
falls into the top of hands in PLO. however, would be in the bottom of hands. Again, how high your paired hands rank and its suit play a big part in determining the strength of your hand. 在 PLO 中属于前 手牌。然而, 将属于底部 手牌。再次强调,您的配对手牌排名以及其花色在确定手牌强度方面起着重要作用。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
We identified two different methods to evaluate hand strength in PLO: Basic Value and Situational Value. 我们确定了两种不同的方法来评估 PLO 中的手牌强度:基本价值和情境价值。
Basic Value is concerned only about the equity of your hand. This matters when going all-in. 基本价值只关注你手中的公平性。这在全押时很重要。
Situational Value is based on the current strategic factors. 情境价值基于当前的战略因素。
Exactly how high your suit and individual cards are is very important. High cards are still the best in most scenarios. Having the Ace-high suit and not blocking the King-high and Queen-high suits increases the value of your hand. 你的套牌和个别牌有多高是非常重要的。在大多数情况下,高牌仍然是最好的。拥有高牌套牌并且不阻碍国王高和皇后高套牌会增加你手牌的价值。
Low cards and suits devalue your hand and make it more likely you end up dominated by your opponent. 低牌和花色会贬低你的手牌,使你更有可能被对手压制。
Nuttiness and Calibration
Introduction 介绍
In this section, we will discuss the basics of nuttiness and calibration. These two concepts can help you to determine accurately the expected value (EV) of starting hands in different scenarios. 在本节中,我们将讨论疯狂和校准的基础知识。这两个概念可以帮助您准确确定不同情况下起手牌的预期值(EV)。
Nuttiness 坚果味
The nuttiness of a hand describes the likelihood that your starting hand will make the nuts on either the flop, turn or the river. Hands that are considered "nutty" perform especially well in multiway pots. 手牌的坚果性描述了您的起手牌在翻牌、转牌或河牌中是否会成为最佳牌的可能性。被认为是“坚果”的手牌在多路底池中表现特别出色。
If multiple players enter the pot, it is very likely that one or two players end up connecting with the flop. Since you already know this is going to happen, you want to make sure you have "nutty" or nutted hands that have the potential to dominate your opponents. 如果有多名玩家进入奖池,很可能会有一两名玩家与翻牌相连。由于您已经知道这将会发生,您希望确保自己拥有“坚果”或有潜力主宰对手的手牌。 For example, you want to have an Ace-high flush when your opponent is holding the Queen-high flush. Let's illustrate this concept with an example. Compare the following two hands, which one do you think scores highest in "nuttiness"? 例如,当你的对手持有皇后高同花顺时,你想要有一副 A 高的同花顺。让我们用一个例子来说明这个概念。比较以下两手牌,你认为哪一手在“最强牌”中得分最高?
Hand 1: Aı-8 -7 -6 手 1:Aı-8 -7 -6
Hand 2: J - 手 2:J -
Hand 1 is the more nutted hand because it contains an Ace-high suit and it is possible to make the nut flush with this hand. This hand is also better connected with the 8-7-6, and will allow you to make some nut straights. 手牌 1 是更有优势的手牌,因为它包含一个高牌 A,并且有可能用这手牌做出最大的同花顺。这手牌也与 8-7-6 更好地连接,并且可以让你做出一些最大的顺子。
Hand 2 is non-nutted. You cannot make the nut flush with either suit. While you can technically end up with a straight flush, that is very unlikely. Also, the hand is more disconnected and has the potential to make more nonnut straights. 手牌 2 是非牛。你不能使任何花色的牌变成顶级同花。虽然你理论上可以得到同花顺,但这是非常不太可能的。此外,这手牌更加不连贯,并有潜力形成更多非牛顺子。
It is important to note that you shouldn't approach this comparison by thinking in terms of which hand is "better". 重要的是要注意,您不应该通过思考哪只手“更好”来进行比较。 You want to determine the strengths of each hand in different circumstances, not which hand is the strongest. Understand that these two hands have different qualities which makes them better qualified for different situations. 您想要确定不同情况下每只手的优势,而不是哪只手最强。了解这两只手具有不同的特质,使它们更适合不同的情况。
A - -7 has more nutted components, so it performs better in multiway pots, whereas is a very smooth hand which means that it is often going to flop some piece of the board and therefore performs better in heads-up pots. A - -7 有更多的坚果组成部分,因此在多路锅中表现更好,而 是一手非常平稳的牌,这意味着它经常会在翻牌时得到一些牌桌上的牌,因此在一对一的锅中表现更好。
Context and Calibration
To determine which hand is "better", you need to understand the context. In different situations, different hand qualities are important. It is up to you to understand the context of the situation you are in and what hands are best suited for it. 要确定哪只手“更好”,您需要了解背景。在不同的情况下,不同的手质量是重要的。由您来了解您所处情况的背景以及哪只手最适合它。 Let's go through a few examples of different contexts and what type of hands are best suited for each. 让我们通过几个不同情境的例子,看看哪种手最适合每种情况。
Hand Example 1
The Cutoff raises pot to 3.5 bbs. You are on the Button with A (Diagram 6). What action should you take? 截止线将底池提高到 3.5 倍大盲注。您在按钮位置持有 A (图 6)。您应该采取什么行动?
Diagram 6 图表 6
With this hand, you should call. Why? Because the strength of this hand is its ability to make the nuts. 用这只手,你应该叫。为什么?因为这只手的力量在于它能够制造坚果。 You want to encourage more opponents into the pot who might be holding hands with weaker connectivity and weaker spades so you can dominate them in the event that you hit a nut flush or a nut 您希望鼓励更多可能持有连接性较弱和黑桃较弱的对手进入底池,这样一旦您获得最大的同花顺或最大的牌,您就可以主导他们
straight.
Hand Example 2
The Cutoff raises to . You are on the Button with (Diagram 7). What action should you take? 截止线升至 。您在按钮位置上有 (图 7)。您应该采取什么行动?
Diagram 7 图表 7
You should 3-bet with this hand. Given the hand's low nuttiness, you gain more EV from pushing out the players behind you who might be holding higher-ranked cards and suits that are dominating you. 你应该用这手牌进行 3 次加注。鉴于这手牌的低牌面价值,你可以通过挤出身后可能持有更高级别牌和主导你的花色的玩家来获得更多的预期价值。 This hand flops very smooth, which means that it's going to do well in a 3-bet pot or even a 4-bet pot. 这手牌非常顺畅,这意味着它在 3-bet 或甚至 4-bet 的局中会表现出色。
Now, this doesn't mean that you should 3-bet every double-suited disconnected hand from every position. This is where preflop calibration becomes important. 现在,这并不意味着您应该在每个位置都对每个双色不相连的手牌进行 3 次加注。这就是前翻校准变得重要的地方。
Calibration 校准
Preflop calibration is the process of constructing your preflop ranges optimally based on the situation and other ranges in play. 翻牌前的校准是根据局势和其他牌型的最佳构建翻牌范围的过程。
We calibrate a Big Blind defending range based on: 我们根据以下内容校准大盲注的防守范围:
How many players are involved 有多少玩家参与
Those player's preflop ranges 那些玩家的翻牌范围
Continuing on from earlier, let's consider another example. 延续之前的内容,让我们考虑另一个例子。
Hand Example 3
The EP player raises and gets two callers. You are on the Button with Jo-3 (Diagram 8). What is the correct play? EP 玩家加注并得到两个跟注者。你在按钮位置拿着 J-3(图 8)。正确的打法是什么?
Diagram 8 图表 8
Call. There are already three players in the pot, so you are looking for nuttiness. This hand can flop the nut flush (draw), a strong top set or a nut straight (draw). If the hand was only suited to the Jack, and not the Ace, this hand would be devalued and, here, simply a fold. 打电话。锅里已经有三名玩家,所以你在寻找最佳手牌。这手牌可以翻出最佳同花顺(牌型),一个强大的顶对子或最佳顺子(牌型)。如果这手牌只适合杰克,而不适合 A,那么这手牌将被贬值,在这里只能弃牌。 If double-suited, the hand is strong enough to 3-bet in order to (hopefully) push out a player or two, thereby improving the strength of the Jack-high flush while still being able to dominate with the Ace-high suit. 如果双色牌,手牌足够强大,可以进行 3 次加注,以便(希望)赶走一个或两个玩家,从而提高 J 高同花的强度,同时仍然能够以 A 高同花牌牌型占优势。
This is a common situation if you are playing low stakes or if you are playing live poker. Remember that you need to calibrate your ranges based on the games that you are playing. 这是一个常见的情况,如果你在玩低赌注或者玩现场扑克。记住,你需要根据你所玩的游戏来校准你的范围。 If your games play very loose, you need to account for more multiway pots and calibrate your preflop ranges towards 如果您的游戏非常松散,您需要考虑更多的多路赌注,并根据此调整您的起手范围
nutted hands. In those games, most of the money you make will come from dominating your opponent's hands and draws. Similarly, most of the money you lose will come from being dominated yourself, so avoid that at all costs! 在这些游戏中,你赚到的大部分钱都将来自于主导对手的手牌和牌型。同样,你输掉的大部分钱也将来自于被对手主导,所以要尽一切努力避免这种情况!
Hand Example 4
The EP player raises and gets two callers. You are on the Button with J (Diagram 9). What should you do? EP 玩家加注并得到两个跟注者。你在按钮位置持有 J (图 9)。你应该怎么做?
Diagram 9 图表 9
Hopefully you can identify that you should just fold. You should instinctively think, this situation requires a nutted hand because there are already three players in the pot. Or, this hand is non-nutted, which means that it's not the right hand to call with in a multiway pot. 希望你能意识到你应该只是弃牌。你应该本能地认为,这种情况需要一个坚固的手牌,因为已经有三个玩家参与了。或者,这手牌不是坚固的,这意味着这不是在多人参与的局中应该跟注的正确手牌。
If you're still thinking that this hand is extremely connected, and therefore you have a good chance to make the nut straight, you are partially right. This hand indeed looks decent and is connected. 如果你仍然认为这手牌非常连贯,因此你有很大机会组成最大的顺子,你部分正确。这手牌确实看起来不错,而且是连贯的。 But, it is important to stop and really think about the cold calling ranges of the players before you. 但是,在你之前,停下来真正思考球员的冷呼叫范围是很重要的。
Your opponents should be holding hands that directly dominate you, such as or . If you flop a straight or straight draw, it's somewhat likely an opponent has a better one or the same one plus a redraw. Calling with a hand such as will often get you into a 您的对手应该持有直接压制您的手牌,比如 或 。如果您摊牌是顺子或顺子牌,对手很可能有更好的牌或相同的牌加上重摇机会。用 这样的手牌跟注通常会让您陷入困境。
troublesome spot where you are dominated and could potentially lose a lot of money. 可能会让您处于困境并有可能损失大笔资金的地方。
In reality, your hand is not very strong. The gap at the top of the hand means your straight draw with the J-9 will be weak. It's quite easy for your opponents to dominate your made hands or draw. 实际上,你的手牌并不是很强。手牌顶部的空缺意味着你用 J-9 的直接抽牌会比较弱。你的对手很容易压制你的成牌或抽牌。 In low rake environments, you might be able to call with your hand in position versus one opponent or open in late position yourself. In most small stakes games however, the higher rake in bb/100 will turn playing this hand into a slightly -EV play. 在低抽水环境中,您可能可以在有位置的情况下与一个对手通话,或者在晚期位置自己开牌。然而,在大多数小注游戏中,每 100 大盲的更高抽水将使得玩这手牌成为一个略微负预期的玩法。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
The nuttiness of a hand describes the likelihood that your starting hand will make the nuts on either the flop, turn or on the river. Nuttiness matters most in multiway pots, where multiple players hit a piece of the flop and you often enter a game of postflop domination. 手牌的坚果性描述了你的起手牌在翻牌、转牌或河牌上会成为最佳牌的可能性。坚果性在多路底池中最为重要,多名玩家都命中了翻牌的一部分,你经常会进入后翻牌主导的游戏中。 Nuttiness matters less (but still matters) in low stack-to-pot ratio heads-up scenarios. 坚果味在低筹码与底池比例的对决中变得不那么重要(但仍然重要)。
Calibration is the process of constructing your preflop ranges optimally based on the precise situation and the ranges in play. You will need to know how to effectively calibrate your ranges if you want to maximize your profit. 校准是根据精确情况和玩法范围,最佳地构建您的翻牌范围的过程。如果您想最大化利润,您需要知道如何有效地校准您的范围。 Calibration means that instead of asking which hands are the best, you need to ask which hands are best structured for the specific scenario you are in. 校准意味着,你不是在问哪些手是最好的,而是要问哪些手最适合你所处的特定情况。
Preflop Sizing 翻牌前的下注大小
Introduction 介绍
Most players don't critically think about the preflop sizes they use and simply adopt the sizing preferences that are most common in the game they are playing. In this chapter, we will examine what raise sizing you should use and why it is so important. 大多数玩家并没有对他们使用的起手牌大小进行深思熟虑,而是简单地采用他们所玩游戏中最常见的下注尺寸偏好。在本章中,我们将探讨您应该使用的加注尺寸以及为什么它如此重要。
Winning the Blinds 赢得盲注
Raising preflop to the maximum is the standard in PLO as it allows you to win the blinds more often and play an unraked pot. 将起手牌加注到最大是 PLO 中的标准做法,因为这样可以更频繁地赢取盲注并参与无抽水的底池。
Why is winning the blinds so important? You are probably thinking something along the lines of "1.5 blinds is such a small amount; why would I even care about that?" 为什么赢得盲注如此重要?您可能在想:“1.5 个盲注只是一个很小的数额;我为什么要在意呢?”
That's a good question. A lot of poker players have the misconception that winning the blinds and antes is only important in tournaments, once stacks are getting shallow and picking up the blinds can give a significant boost to your total stack. This is not true. 这是一个很好的问题。很多扑克玩家误以为赢得盲注和底注只在锦标赛中才重要,一旦筹码变得稀少,抢夺盲注可以显著提升你的总筹码。这是不正确的。
In fact, one can say that the main goal of any cash game is to win the blinds! 事实上,可以说任何现金游戏的主要目标是赢取盲注!
Let's illustrate this point with some easy math. Winning the blinds equals a win of , which equals a win rate of over one hundred hands. That's an unbelievably high win rate! If you were able to consistently steal the blinds, you would be the biggest cash game winner in the world. 让我们用一些简单的数学来说明这一点。赢得盲注相当于赢得 ,这等于在一百手中的胜率为 。这是一个令人难以置信的高胜率!如果你能够持续地偷盲注,你将成为世界上最大的现金游戏赢家。 In reality, the best online players are winning about 5 to 10bb/100 and the best live players win about 20 to 40bb/100. It should be clear to you why picking up the blinds uncontested is so essential. 事实上,最好的在线玩家每 100 手赢得约 5 到 10 个大盲注,而最好的实况玩家每 100 手赢得约 20 到 40 个大盲注。你应该清楚地明白为什么无争夺地拿下盲注是如此重要。
If your raise isn't large enough, your opponents have an added incentive to defend their blinds with a greater number of hands as the price they are getting justifies it. 如果你的加薪不够多,你的对手就有更大的动机用更多的手牌来保护他们的盲注,因为他们得到的价格是合理的。 By selecting a larger sizing, you make it less profitable for the blinds to defend their blind and you increase your win rate. 通过选择更大的尺寸,您使盲注防守盲注的利润减少,并提高您的胜率。
Furthermore, pots that only play preflop and don't see a flop are typically 此外,只玩翻牌圈而不看翻牌的玩家通常
unraked. This means that you don't have to split your profits from the hand with the casino or poker site if you take down the pot preflop. 未分担。这意味着如果您在翻牌前赢得底池,您不必与赌场或扑克网站分享利润。
You want to maximize your preflop fold equity that you have so you pick up an unraked pot as often as possible, and the way to do this is by using the maximum preflop open-raising size. 您希望最大化您的起手圈子权益,因此您尽可能经常赢得未下注的底池,而实现这一目标的方法是使用最大的起手圈子开牌尺寸。
Maximizing EV
Raising to full pot allows you to have a higher chance of winning the blinds, and it also helps you build bigger pots when you are holding a strong hand. 将赌注加满可以让您有更高的赢取盲注的机会,同时在您手中有强牌时也有助于建立更大的底池。
On the other hand, when you are raising to 3.5 Big Blinds, you are also risking a lot of money - 350bb/100 in fact. That's why you don't want to enter the pot with extremely weak holdings. 另一方面,当您加注至 3.5 大盲注时,您也在冒很大的风险 - 实际上是每 100 手 350 大盲注。这就是为什么您不想以极弱的手牌进入底池。
In a many live games, you will find that your opponents are coming into the pot with a very wide range, regardless of how big you open. If this occurs in the games you play, you still want to focus on playing nutty hands, and you should open-raise as large as possible. 在许多现场游戏中,您会发现您的对手不管您开多大,都会用非常广泛的范围进入底池。如果这种情况发生在您玩的游戏中,您仍然希望专注于玩强手,并且您应该尽可能大幅度地加注。 This combination will allow you to build big pots when you have hands that dominate your opponents, a recipe for PLO success. 这种组合将使您能够在您手中的牌支配对手时建立大底池,这是 PLO 成功的秘诀。
Common Mistakes with Raise Sizing 提高尺寸常见错误
The most common mistakes that players make when it comes to raise sizing are: 玩家在提高筹码大小时最常见的错误是:
Open-raising too small; if you want to open the action, you should pot it. 开牌太小了;如果你想开牌,你应该把它放在锅里。
3-betting too small. 3-betting 太小。
Open-limping. 开放性跛行。
There are only a few exceptions in which these three lines of action are legitimate options. In PLO tournaments it can make sense to open-raise smaller or to open limp. 在这三种行动中,只有少数例外情况是合法的选择。在 PLO 锦标赛中,以较小的加注或者跟注是有道理的。 Stacks are much shallower in PLO tournaments and in many late game situations you want to protect your tournament life by minimizing variance and the size of the pot. 在 PLO 锦标赛中,筹码堆叠要浅得多,在许多晚期比赛情况下,您希望通过减小方差和奖池的大小来保护您的比赛生命。
Also, limping in PLO tournaments can be optimal as there is no rake taken from individual pots, which means that taking down the pot preflop isn't as crucial as in cash games. 此外,在 PLO 锦标赛中瘸腿可能是最佳选择,因为没有从个别奖池中抽取佣金,这意味着在翻牌前赢取奖池并不像在现金游戏中那样关键。 But unless you are playing a tournament, you should avoid open limping, and you should open-raise and 3-bet to the full 但是除非你在参加比赛,否则你应该避免开放性 limping,而应该进行开牌和 3-bet 到最大
size of the pot. 锅的大小。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
The goal of any poker cash game is to win the blinds. Winning 1.5 Big Blinds doesn't sound like much, but it is effectively a per 100 hands win rate. 任何扑克现金游戏的目标都是赢取盲注。赢得 1.5 个大盲注听起来不像什么,但实际上是每 100 手的胜率 。
You want to maximize your chances of winning the blinds to increase your overall win rate and avoid getting a fraction of the pot due to losing money to the rake. Therefore, you should open-raise and 3-bet to the maximum (pot) size. 您希望最大化赢取盲注的机会,以提高您的整体胜率,并避免因输掉钱而只得到一小部分底池。因此,您应该以最大(底池)尺寸进行开牌加注和三倍加注。
In tournaments your raise size might change, especially in the later stages. This is because pots aren't raked, stack sizes are shallow, and there are tournament life or ICM considerations. 在比赛中,您的加注大小可能会改变,特别是在后期阶段。这是因为奖池不会被抽水,筹码堆叠较浅,还有比赛生存或 ICM 考虑因素。
Preflop Ranges 翻牌前范围
First-in Raiser
Baseline Strategy 基准策略
A baseline strategy will give you solid and profitable open-raising ranges that you can always use. We'll call this your standard raise first in (RFI) range. 基准策略将为您提供稳健且有利可图的开牌范围,您可以随时使用。我们将称之为您的标准加注范围(RFI)。
At 100bb deep on a 6-handed table, the following RFI frequencies define your GTO baseline strategy: 在 6 人桌上 100 大盲深度,以下 RFI 频率定义了您的 GTO 基线策略:
From EP open about 19% 从 EP 开放约 19%
From MP open about 从 MP 打开关于
From the Cutoff open about 31% 从截止开放约 31%
From the Button open about 48% 从按钮打开约 48%
From the Small Blind open about 35% 从小盲位大约开 35%
From here, you can make (minor) adjustments based on other players' tendencies and stack sizes at your table. For example, if the players behind you are playing very aggressively, you will want to open fewer hands. 从这里开始,您可以根据桌上其他玩家的倾向和筹码堆叠大小进行(轻微)调整。例如,如果您身后的玩家非常激进,您会希望打开更少的手牌。 If the players behind you play a very loose and passive strategy, you're better off removing some of the less nutty hands from your opening ranges, as these hands will suffer in multiway pots. 如果你身后的玩家采用非常宽松和被动的策略,最好从你的开牌范围中移除一些不太强的手牌,因为这些手牌在多路赌注中会受到影响。 This should give you a broad sense of how your range widens as you get closer to the Button. 这应该让您对您的范围如何随着您靠近按钮而扩大有一个广泛的感觉。
One small thing to take into account is how to calculate these percentages of hands. A good rule of thumb to consider is that Aces are about of all hands. You are pretty much playing all Aces (except some A-A-A hands) 一个小事情要考虑的是如何计算这些手牌的百分比。一个好的经验法则是,Aces 大约占所有手牌的 。你基本上在玩所有的 Aces(除了一些 A-A-A 手牌)。
from every position. Therefore, from EP and MP positions, Aces make up about of your opening range. 从每个位置。因此,从 EP 和 MP 位置,Aces 大约占您开局范围的 。
Kings and Queens therefore, are also about of all hands each. That said, you are not raising all Kings and Queens from every position. A hand such as K-K-7 is usually an open fold, unless you're on the Button or Small Blind. It's usually fine to play a better Kings hand such as K -K -7 6 . Similarly, a hand such as is usually a fold before the Cutoff, and should be folded even from the Cutoff. 国王和皇后因此,也是每手牌中的 。 也就是说,您不会在每个位置都加注所有国王和皇后。 例如,像 K-K-7 这样的手牌通常是一个开放的弃牌,除非您在按钮或小盲位上。 通常可以玩一个更好的国王手牌,比如 K-K-7 6。 同样,像 这样的手牌通常在割草位之前是一个弃牌, 甚至应该在割草位上弃牌。
Overall, if your hand is disconnected it's really going to need to have a very strong suit or high ranking cards for it to be open-raised. The exception to this rule is Aces, because you can profitably 4-bet them and still dominate Kings and Queens hands that cold call preflop. 总的来说,如果你的手牌不连贯,它真的需要有非常强的牌型或高排牌才能被开牌。这个规则的例外是 A,因为你可以有利地 4-bet 它们,仍然能支配在翻牌前冷跟注的 K 和 Q 手牌。 Another common mistake is opening low ranking cards because they are connected. While a hand such as looks nice, in reality it's a very weak hand to open-raise (or cold-call) with. This is especially true if you think the pot will go multiway. 另一个常见的错误是因为它们相连而打开低级牌。虽然像 这样的手看起来不错,但实际上它是一个非常弱的手牌,不适合开牌(或冷呼)。特别是如果你认为底池会变成多路牌。 It's so easy to be dominated when holding this hand and, importantly, very difficult to dominate your opponents - which should be one of your goals. 握住这只手时很容易被控制,而且很难控制你的对手,这应该是你的目标之一。
Imagine you play a hand such as and get a flop facing two opponents. Looks pretty good, right? Top two pair and a gutshot straight draw. 想象一下,你打出了一手 ,在面对两个对手的 翻牌。看起来相当不错,对吧?最高的两对和一个内直的抽牌。 The problem is, your opponents are typically going to be playing higher ranking cards, so they can have hands such as top pair and a flush draw, J-10 with a flush draw, Q-J-8, A-K-9, J-10-9, Q-Q-J, etc. If you get action on the flop, you should not be happy with your hand here. 问题是,你的对手通常会打出更高排名的牌,所以他们可能会有像顶对和同花顺牌、J-10 同花顺牌、Q-J-8、A-K-9、J-10-9、Q-Q-J 等这样的牌。如果你在翻牌圈得到行动,你不应该对你的手牌感到满意。
Moreover, how are you going to play if the turn is a 10 or higher or a heart? You're now stuck. You want to get to showdown cheaply and have no idea if the turn improved your opponent's hand (somewhat likely) or what you will want to do on the river. 此外,如果轮到你出牌时是 10 或更高或者是红心,你会怎么玩呢?你现在陷入困境。你想以较低的成本进入决胜局,但不知道轮是否改善了对手的牌(有点可能),以及你在河牌时该怎么做。 And this was after flopping top two pair! That's why a hand such as Q-J-10-8 is already a lot more playable, especially in games where others are calling with weaker rundowns. Being selective about the hands you play will end up paying off big time. 这是在翻牌后拿到了顶部两对!这就是为什么像 Q-J-10-8 这样的手牌已经更容易玩了,尤其是在其他人用更弱的牌组跟注的游戏中。对于你要玩的手牌要有选择性最终会带来巨大的回报。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
When you join a new table where you don’t know your opponents' strategies, start with using standard or GTO RFI frequencies. When you get more information about your opponents, you can adjust your ranges. 当您加入一张新桌子时,不了解对手策略,开始使用标准或 GTO RFI 频率。当您获得更多关于对手的信息时,您可以调整您的范围。
The top percentage of hands is not completely linear. You are looking for 手的顶部百分比并非完全线性。您正在寻找
strong suits, connected hands, and high ranking cards. If one of these is missing, it is unlikely to be an open-raise from earlier positions. If two are missing, it's likely you should only raise from the Button. 强牌、连牌和高牌。如果其中一个缺失,从早期位置进行开牌的可能性不大。如果有两个缺失,很可能只能从庄家位置加注。
If you expect multiway pots, focus strongly on nutty hands. Hands that can dominate and are not easily dominated. That's the best structural advantage to gain and the easiest way to avoid huge mistakes. 如果你期望有多方参与的底池,要专注于强势的牌型。那些可以主导局面且不容易被主导的牌型。这是获得最佳结构优势和避免巨大错误的最简单方法。
Remember, single-suited hands make up around of hands, so be very selective about which ones you play. Suited hands are very common and weak unless they have very high and connected cards. 记住,单色手牌约占手牌的 ,因此要非常谨慎地选择要玩的手牌。同花手牌非常常见,除非它们有非常高和连续的牌。
Cold-calling Fundamentals 冷调基础
Introduction 介绍
When we refer to cold-calling ranges in this chapter, it applies to situations in which you are facing a single raiser and you are in position. 当我们在本章中提到冷打电话范围时,指的是你面对一个加注者且你处于有利位置的情况。 So, you are sitting in either MP, the Cutoff, or the Button, and you are facing an openraise by a player from one of the earlier positions. 所以,您坐在 MP、Cutoff 或 Button 中的任何一个位置,面对着一个较早位置的玩家的开牌。
In later chapters we discuss Big Blind and multiway situations. For now, the goal is to give you a sound fundamental understanding of cold-calling in position against a single open-raiser. 在后面的章节中,我们将讨论大盲注和多路局面。目前,目标是让您对在位置上对抗单个开牌者的冷呼叫有一个扎实的基本理解。
Frequencies and Positional Awareness 频率和位置意识
As when open-raising, the closer you are to the Button, the more you should increase your cold-calling frequency. This is even true when facing the same opening range. For example, against an EP raiser you should aim to cold call about in MP, in the Cutoff and on the Button. The difference between the Middle Position and the Button is . The more likely it is that you will have guaranteed postflop position, the wider your cold-calling range should be. 当进行开牌时,您离庄家越近,就应该增加冷打牌的频率。即使面对相同的开牌范围,这也是正确的。例如,对抗 EP 开牌者,您应该在 MP 冷打约 ,在 Cutoff 冷打约 ,在 Button 冷打约 。中位位置和庄家之间的差距是 。您越有可能保证在翻牌后的位置,您的冷打范围就应该更广。
Another key point to keep in mind is that when your position is better, your calling range increases and your 3-betting range decreases. So, from the Button, 3-betting marginal hands is not nearly as necessary as from middle position. 另一个要记住的关键点是,当你的位置更好时,你的跟注范围增加,而你的 3 次加注范围减少。因此,从按钮位置来看,3 次加注边缘手牌并不像从中间位置那样必要。 For example, from MP against an EP raise, you should call with about 5% of hands and 3-bet with about 5.2%. From the Button against an EP raise, you should call and 3-bet with just . 例如,从 MP 对抗 EP 的加注,您应该用大约 5%的手牌跟注,用大约 5.2%的手牌三次加注。从按钮对抗 EP 的加注,您应该跟注 ,只用 三次加注。
In the next chapter, we will discuss why this is the case. For now, just keep in mind that your 3-bet range is always going to influence your cold-calling range. 在下一章中,我们将讨论为什么会出现这种情况。现在,只需记住,你的 3-bet 范围总是会影响你的冷呼叫范围。
Many players misunderstand this concept. They think that you should be very aggressive and 3-bet a lot from the Button because you have guaranteed position. But that is not true. 许多玩家误解了这个概念。他们认为你应该在按钮位置非常激进,并且频繁进行 3 次加注,因为你有保证的位置。但这并不正确。 In fact, when you have guaranteed position, you benefit from keeping the SPR higher as this gives you more room to maneuver postflop and a greater positional advantage. 事实上,当您拥有保证的位置时,保持更高的 SPR 会让您在后翻牌时有更多的操作空间和更大的位置优势。
When you are on the Button, you have a lot more incentive to just call. 当你在按钮上时,你更有动力只是打电话。
That doesn't mean that when you have a great hand, you don't want to 3-bet. It just means that the Cutoff and MP positions have more incentive to 3-bet marginal hands, because they benefit from pushing out players behind and gaining position. 这并不意味着当你有一个很好的手牌时,你就不想进行 3-bet。这只是意味着 Cutoff 和 MP 位置更有动机进行 3-bet 边缘手牌,因为他们可以通过推出后面的玩家并获得位置的好处。 The Button knows there is no one who can have position on them, so they benefit comparatively less from 3-betting and more from just calling. This results in the Button being considerably more passive and playing a wider range. 按钮知道没有人可以在他们身上占据位置,所以他们从三次加注中受益相对较少,而从仅仅跟注中受益更多。这导致按钮变得更加被动,并玩更广泛的手牌范围。
Middle Position Versus Early Position 中间位置对早期位置
So what exactly are the hands that you should cold call with from MP versus EP? 那么,究竟应该用中位位置还是早位位置打冷电话的手牌是什么?
In this situation, you are facing a tight UTG open raising range, and four more players are sitting behind you who still have to act. If you decide to call, the chances are very high that you are going to see a multiway flop. 在这种情况下,你面对的是一个紧的 UTG 开牌范围,而你身后还有四名玩家需要行动。如果你决定跟注,很有可能会看到一个多路翻牌。 So the essential factor in this situation is nuttiness. You are looking for high suits, strongly connected hands and high pairs. 因此,在这种情况下,关键因素是疯狂。您要寻找高牌、紧密连接的手牌和高对子。 The hands that are good enough to call in this situation are usually a hybrid of these factors and they need to be able to dominate your opponents postflop in a multiway pot (Diagram 10). 通常在这种情况下足够好的手是这些因素的混合体,它们需要能够在多路底池中主导你的对手后翻(图表 10)。
Diagram 10 图表 10
Some examples are: 一些例子包括:
A -
This hand has high suits and high card connectivity. This is a combination that makes this hand very nutted and therefore it should be called. 这只手有高花色和高牌连接性。这是一个使这只手非常强大的组合,因此应该称之为。
The connectivity of this hand is worse than the previous example but the suits are higher. For that reason, this hand should also be added to your MP calling range. 这手的连贯性比前一个例子差,但花色更高。因此,这手也应该加入到你的中位位置跟注范围内。
When a hand lacks high cards, the connectivity has to be extremely good to play the hand profitably. With low cards, you want rundowns without gaps in them. 当一手牌缺乏高牌时,连贯性必须非常好才能盈利地打这手牌。对于低牌,你希望有没有间隙的顺子。 This hand is a perfect rundown and is an example of an extremely connected hand that should also be added to your calling range. 这手是一个完美的梳理,是一个极其连贯的手的例子,也应该加入到您的呼叫范围中。
As-10-10-2v
This hand features a Broadway pair combined with a high suit. The nuttiness of this hand is still good and therefore it should be called against an EP open-raise. 这手牌具有一对百慕大配合高牌的特点。这手牌的优势仍然很好,因此应该对 EP 的开牌加注。
Button Versus Early Position
The main difference here is that the MP and Cutoff have already folded and therefore the pot is less likely to go multiway. Furthermore, you have guaranteed position. Remember - right now we are only discussing situations where we face one raiser without callers. 这里的主要区别在于 MP 和 Cutoff 已经弃牌,因此锅很少会变成多路。此外,您已经确保了位置。记住-现在我们只讨论面对一个加注者而没有跟注者的情况。 If another player were to cold-call before you, then you need to adjust your range towards more nutted hands, because you are going to face other nutted hands. 如果另一个玩家在你之前冷跟注,那么你需要调整你的手牌范围,更倾向于有更好牌型的手牌,因为你将面对其他更好牌型的手牌。
As mentioned, the Button is supposed to call 15.7% and 3-bet 3.5% against an EP open-raise. What are some of the hands that are calling on the Button versus EP that you would never play in middle position? 如上所述,按钮应该在早期位置开牌时呼叫 15.7%并 3-bet 3.5%。在按钮位置对抗早期位置时,有哪些手牌是你绝对不会在中间位置玩的? On the Button, facing one opponent, nuttiness matters slightly less and playability becomes more critical. As the hand is likely to go heads-up or three-way, you can add more non-nutted hands to your preflop hand range (Diagram 11). 在按钮上,面对一个对手,疯狂程度稍微不那么重要,可玩性变得更为关键。由于手牌可能会进入对决或三方对决,您可以在翻牌前范围内加入更多非坚果手牌(图表 11)。
Diagram 11 图表 11
Some examples of hands that are not good enough to call from MP but that are good enough to call from the Button are: 一些在中位位置不够好以跟注的手牌示例,但在庄家位置足够好以跟注的手牌有:
Q -J -
This hand has good connectivity and suitedness, but it isn't as nutted as 这只手的连接性和适应性很好,但它并不像果仁那样
that reason, this hand shouldn't be called from MP. The playability of this hand in position is great and, because of that, this hand can be called profitably from the Button. 因此,这手牌不应该从 MP 位置叫牌。这手牌在位置上的可玩性很强,因此,这手牌可以从按钮位置有利地叫牌。
K -Q - J -6 K - Q - J -6
This is the same story. This hand has high suits and good connectivity but because of the dangler, the , this hand shouldn't be called from MP. 这是同一个故事。这只手有高牌和良好的连贯性,但由于悬挂者,这只手不应该从 MP 叫牌。
7 -6-5-4
The connectivity of this hand is excellent but it lacks high cards and is trip-suited. For these reasons this hand should be folded from MP. However, from the Button, where the thresholds to call are a bit lower, this hand should be called. 这手的连贯性很好,但缺乏高牌和三色同花。因此,这手应该从中位位置弃牌。然而,从庄家位置来看,叫注的门槛稍低,这手应该叫注。
The connectivity and suitedness of this hand are okay but not amazing. The nuttiness isn't good enough to afford a call from MP. But from the Button, this hand has enough positive components to call. 这手牌的连贯性和适用性还可以,但并不是令人惊叹的。这手牌的坚固性还不足以在中位位置跟注。但是在庄家位置,这手牌有足够的积极因素来跟注。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
As you get closer to the Button, your calling range increases and your 3betting range decreases. This is because calling allows you to use your positional advantage postflop. 随着你靠近按钮,你的跟注范围增加,而你的 3Bet 范围减少。这是因为跟注让你能够利用后翻牌位置优势。
From earlier positions, you should focus more on nuttiness. From the Button, where multiway pots are less likely and you are able to leverage a positional advantage, playability is more important. 从较早的位置开始,您应该更加关注坚果牌。从按钮位置开始,多路赌注的可能性较小,您可以利用位置优势,可玩性更为重要。
3-Betting Fundamentals
Introduction 介绍
3-betting is a big part of PLO, especially given how many players rarely fold after getting 3-bet. These big pots can have a massive influence on your win rate, so let's ensure that you have the right fundamentals and the proper 3betting preflop ranges. 3-betting 是 PLO 的重要组成部分,特别是考虑到有多少玩家在被 3-bet 后很少放弃。这些大底池可能会对您的胜率产生巨大影响,因此让我们确保您具备正确的基本知识和适当的 3betting 前翻牌范围。
To Call or to 3-Bet 打电话还是 3-Bet
Keep in mind that when you decide to 3-bet, you are giving up on coldcalling, and vice versa. You must understand the benefits of both options since they are mutually exclusive. 请记住,当你决定 3-bet 时,你就放弃了冷呼叫,反之亦然。你必须理解这两种选择的好处,因为它们是互斥的。
When you 3-bet, you will often play a heads-up pot since the other players at the table now have to make a much bigger preflop investment to enter the pot. In 3-bet pots, the SPR is much lower than in single-raised pots. 当你 3-bet 时,你通常会玩一个两人底池,因为桌上的其他玩家现在必须做一个更大的前翻投资才能进入底池。在 3-bet 底池中,堆叠比率比单次加注底池要低得多。 In 3-bet pots at 100bb, the SPR will be around 4, which means that you will very often be playing for stacks. 在 100bb 的 3-bet 盆中,SPR 将约为 4,这意味着你很可能会经常进行全押。
When you are cold-calling an open-raise, it's more likely that you will end up in a multiway pot, especially if you are cold-calling from one of the early positions. 当您在冷打开时跟注时,您更有可能最终进入一个多路池,特别是如果您是在早期位置之一冷打开。 In live games or small stakes online games, many pots will go multiway because you are likely facing a lot of players with very wide preflop ranges who don't adjust correctly for multiway play. 在现场游戏或小注网络游戏中,许多底池会变成多路底池,因为你很可能面对很多玩家,他们的起手范围非常宽泛,而且对多路玩法没有正确调整。 Single-raised pots at 100bb will usually play at an SPR of around 13 which means that you need a much stronger hand to stack off on the flop, especially when you are playing multiway. 单次加注时,100 大盲注的底池通常会在约 13 左右的 SPR 下进行,这意味着你需要更强的牌来在翻牌圈全押,尤其是在多路对战时。
Positional Advantage 位置优势
Another key difference is that when the SPR is low, as in 3-bet pots, the out of position player has less of a positional disadvantage given that they can more easily go all-in on the flop or turn. That means that they can often avoid playing the river out of position. 另一个关键区别在于当 SPR 较低时,例如 3-bet pots 时,处于位置劣势的玩家在翻牌或转牌时更容易全押,因此他们在位置上的劣势较小。这意味着他们通常可以避免在位置劣势下打河牌。 The river is a tricky street to play in PLO, given how often the nuts change and how that impacts the out of position player. 河流是在 PLO 中玩耍的一个棘手的街道,因为坚果经常变化,这会影响到位置不利的玩家。
In high SPR situations, the out of position player has to play all three streets with this situational drawback. This robs them of EV which is, in turn, gained by the IP player. 在高 SPR 情况下,位置不佳的玩家必须在这种情况下的三条街上进行比赛。这使他们失去了 EV,而这些 EV 反过来又被 IP 玩家获得。 So, having a high SPR increases the IP player's positional advantage, as they can leverage it through multiple streets. 因此,拥有高 SPR 的 IP 玩家在位置上具有优势,因为他们可以通过多条街道利用它。
Reasons to 3-bet
Please note that this explanation is a simplified version to introduce you to why and when you should consider 3-betting preflop. In further chapters, we will analyze this concept in more detail. 请注意,这个解释是一个简化版本,旨在介绍为什么以及何时应该考虑三倍加注前翻牌。在后续章节中,我们将更详细地分析这个概念。
We have already indicated that a 3-bet pot leads to a low SPR scenario, where players are likely to stack off on the flop or turn. Your opponents know that they can stack off with a piece of the flop and something to go with it. 我们已经指出,3-bet pot 导致了一个低 SPR 的情况,玩家很可能在翻牌或转牌时全下。你的对手知道他们可以用一部分翻牌和配套的东西全下。 If they hit a pair and a draw, or a combo draw, they are happy to go all-in. Therefore, your goal in 3-bet pots is to dominate your opponent in such stack-off scenarios. 如果他们有一对和一个吸引,或者一个组合吸引,他们很乐意 all-in。因此,在 3-bet 局中,你的目标是在这种堆叠对决中主导你的对手。
The best hands to accomplish that goal are pair plus draw type hands that dominate your opponents' similar holdings. Ideally, you want to flop top pair and a high flush or straight draw versus middle pair and weak flush or straight draw. 实现这一目标的最佳手牌是对手相似手牌的双对加上抽牌类型的手牌。理想情况下,您希望在翻牌时拿到顶对和高同花顺或顺子牌,以对付对手的中对和弱同花顺或顺子牌。 You need to accomplish this postflop goal by constructing your 3-betting range with this precise purpose in mind. 您需要通过构建具有这一明确目的的 3-betting 范围来实现这个后翻目标。
Therefore, there are two main reasons to 3-bet: 因此,有两个主要原因可以进行 3-bet:
3-bet to Push an Equity Edge 3-bet 以推动股权优势
You should 3-bet hands that want to build a big pot with an equity advantage. The main type of 3-betting value hands are A-A-x-x, A-K-K-x, and A-Q-Q-x. 您应该 3-bet 那些希望以权益优势建立大底池的手牌。3-bet 价值手牌的主要类型是 A-A-x-x,A-K-K-x 和 A-Q-Q-x。 An additional type are double-suited high cards, which are hands that are double-suited, have very good connectivity and Broadway or near-Broadway cards or pairs. Altogether, these amount to only about of all hands. 另一种类型是双色高牌,这些手牌是双色的,具有非常好的连贯性,并且包含 Broadway 或接近 Broadway 的牌或对子。总的来说,这些手牌仅占所有手牌的约 。
3-bet for Better Playability
The second reason to 3-bet is for playability. Hands that want to 3-bet for playability often have a very smooth equity distribution, meaning that they flop good equity on a large number of flops. These hands are also non-nutted, so they are not optimized for multiway pots. 第二个 3-bet 的原因是为了可玩性。那些想要为了可玩性而 3-bet 的手牌通常具有非常平滑的权益分布,意味着它们在许多翻牌中都有很好的权益。这些手牌也不是最佳手牌,因此它们不适用于多路池。 This means that 3-betting becomes more appealing to make the pot heads-up. This category includes a lot of non-nutty high double-suited rundowns. They still need to mostly feature high ranking cards because you are hoping to dominate your 这意味着 3-betting 变得更有吸引力,使底池变成两人对决。这个类别包括很多非坚果高双色连牌。它们仍然需要主要是高等级的牌,因为你希望主导。
opponent's postflop stack-off range. Even though they lack nuttiness, their equity versus the range of just one player is quite high and they add a lot of playability to your range going into a low SPR postflop scenario. 对手的后翻牌全押范围。尽管它们缺乏最佳手牌,但它们对单个玩家范围的赌注权益相当高,并且它们为您的范围增加了很多可玩性,进入低 SPR 后翻牌情景。
Realizability
In 3-bet pots, the money will very often end up getting all-in. For that reason, your hands must have the potential to realize all of their equity. You want to 3-bet hands that are happy with putting in all the money postflop at an SPR of 4. 在 3-bet 的局面中,很多时候钱最终会全部进去。因此,你的手牌必须具备实现全部权益的潜力。你希望 3-bet 那些在 SPR 为 4 时愿意在后翻牌时把所有钱都下进去的手牌。 Hands such as high double-suited rundowns are often able to stack off because they frequently flop a pair or better alongside a decent draw. 像高双色连牌这样的手牌通常可以堆叠,因为它们经常在翻牌时获得一对或更好的牌,并且有一个不错的牌型。
If you think back to the flop equity distribution profile, you know that 8 -7-6 -5 had a much smoother equity distribution. This hand will have a much easier time realizing equity because you often flop enough equity to call an all-in bet from your opponent. 如果你回想一下翻牌权益分布图,你会知道 8-7-6-5 有一个更加平滑的权益分布。这手牌将更容易实现权益,因为你经常会在翻牌时获得足够的权益来跟上对手的全押注。 When you flop a flush draw in a 3-bet pot you can very rarely get away from it. This also holds true for your opponent, so you want to make sure that you have the better flush draws and straight draws so you have a ton of equity versus your opponents in big pots. 当你在 3-bet 局中出现同花顺牌时,你很少能够放弃它。这也适用于你的对手,所以你要确保你有更好的同花顺牌和顺子牌,这样你在大局中对手有很高的资产。
By the way, is a hand that you should 3-bet from the Cutoff versus MP to push out the Button behind you, but flat from the Button when facing a raise since there's no one behind to push out and gain position. 顺便说一下,从 Cutoff 对抗 MP 应该 3-bet ,以排挤身后的 Button,但当面对加注时,应该从 Button 平跟,因为没有人能排挤并获得位置。
3-betting for Value
If you are 3-betting for value, you are looking to build a big pot with a hand that has a raw equity advantage. For example, when you are holding Aces, most of the time you 3-bet because you want to get a lot of chips into the pot preflop. 如果你是在进行 3 次加注以获取价值,那么你是希望用一手具有原始权益优势的牌来建立一个大底池。例如,当你手中有 A 时,大多数情况下你会进行 3 次加注,因为你希望在翻牌前将大量筹码放入底池。 You also give opponents the option to 4-bet, which would be even more profitable. If you just call with Aces, your opponent doesn't have the option to 4-bet and you lose that extra EV. 您还给对手提供了 4-bet 的选择,这样会更有利可图。如果您只是跟着 Aces 叫注,您的对手就没有 4-bet 的选择,您就会失去那额外的 EV。
A further reason to 3-bet Aces is that they tend to perform better in low SPR scenarios, where they can dominate stack-off hands with a nut flush draw or at least do well enough versus pair plus draw hands to go all-in after c-betting. 3-bet Aces 的另一个原因是,它们在低 SPR 情况下往往表现更好,可以主导具有最大同花顺牌或至少在 c-bet 后与对子加上同花牌对抗得足够好的手牌。 In single-raised pots, Aces would more often not be able to realize their equity and end up losing more often by not getting to showdown. 在单次加注的情况下,A 牌更多时候无法实现其权益,最终更多次输掉比赛,因为无法到达摊牌。
To be clear, I am saying that your hand has to play better in a 3-bet headsup pot compared to a single-raised multiway pot. I am not saying that your hand should play exceptionally well in a 3-bet pot. Do you see the 要明确一点,我是说在 3-bet heads-up pot 中,你的手牌必须比在单次加注的多路池中打得更好。我并不是说你的手牌在 3-bet pot 中应该打得异常出色。你明白了吗?
difference? 不同?
Let's use an example to analyze this concept further. 让我们用一个例子来进一步分析这个概念。
You are holding A-A well in a 3-bet pot because both the suitedness and connectivity are weak but it's going to do much worse in a multiway pot. When you are in a singleraised multiway pot, your hand needs additional features to be able to realize your equity. 在 3-bet 底池中,你手中握有 A-A 是因为同花和连接性都较弱,但在多路底池中表现会更差。当你在一个单次加注的多路底池中时,你的手牌需要额外的特点才能实现你的权益。 In a multiway pot, there will very often be at least one player who flopped a piece of the board and decides to bet. To continue against this bet, you will need to have pretty high equity. 在一个多路赌注中,往往至少会有一个玩家在翻牌时拿到了一部分牌,并决定下注。要继续对抗这个赌注,你需要有相当高的权益。 A hand such as A -A won't be able to continue postflop unless you flop a set or a nut flush draw. So you want to 3-bet that hand to try and play a heads-up pot at a low SPR so you can push your equity on a greater number of flops. 像 A-A 这样的手牌在后翻牌时,除非你翻到一个三条或者最大同花顺的牌,否则无法继续下注。因此,你希望对这手牌进行 3 次加注,以尝试在低 SPR 的情况下玩一个一对一的底池,这样你就可以在更多的翻牌上发挥你的优势。
The final reason you want to 3-bet for value is that you benefit from preflop fold equity. 你想要进行 3 次加注的最终原因是你可以从翻牌前的弃牌权益中获益。 If you win a hand preflop after somebody already invested additional money in the pot, you will pay no rake because the hand didn't go to the flop and that will generate a tremendous win rate! 如果你在有人已经在底池中投入额外资金后赢得一手底池,你将不需要支付任何佣金,因为这手牌没有到翻牌,这将产生巨大的胜率!
You always want to compare the options of cold-calling and 3-betting in preflop scenarios. Even if you have a hand that might not do exceptionally well in 3-bet pots, you might still want to consider 3-betting because it might do even worse in a multiway single-raised pot. 您总是想要比较在翻牌前情况下的冷打和 3 次加注的选择。即使您手中的牌在 3 次加注的局面中可能表现不佳,您仍然可能考虑 3 次加注,因为在一个多方单次加注的局面中,它可能表现得更糟。
3-Betting for Playability 3-挑战可玩性
The main reason to 3-bet for playability is to push out players behind you and to get the pot heads-up. Hands that want to 3-bet for playability, in general, aren't very nutty, so they hugely benefit from pushing out players behind you who hold higher suits. Here is an example 主要原因是为了可玩性而 3-bet 是为了推出你身后的玩家并让底池变成两个人。一般来说,想要为可玩性而 3-bet 的手牌并不是很强,所以它们非常受益于推出身后持有更高牌的玩家。这里有一个例子。
You are in the Cutoff and you face a pot-size open-raise from early position. You are holding Q-J -9-8 (Diagram 12). 您在 Cutoff 位置,面对一个早期位置的底池开盲注。您手中有 Q-J-9-8(图 12)。
This hand is very well connected and has a very smooth equity distribution profile. It will connect with many different board textures but it lacks nuttiness. Therefore this hand plays better in a heads-up pot than a multiway pot. 这手牌连接性很好,资产分配平滑。它会与许多不同的牌桌纹理相连接,但缺乏坚果牌。因此,这手牌在一对一的底池中比在多路底池中玩得更好。 Players behind you could hold suits that dominate yours, so you benefit from pushing them out of the pot. These reasons mean this hand should be 3bet. 身后的玩家可能持有比你更强大的牌型,因此你可以从将他们挤出底池中获益。这些原因意味着这手牌应该进行 3bet。
With this hand, you will often flop a substantial amount of equity, such as a pair plus draw, and will be able to put all the money in on the flop or take the pot down with a c-bet. If you were instead in a pot with multiple 用这只手,您经常会翻牌获得大量的资产,比如一对加上抽牌,并且能够在翻牌时把所有的钱都下注或者通过 c-bet 赢得底池。如果您与多人一起参与底池,您可以选择放弃。
opponents, you would likely be in a bad spot when the money goes in because one of your opponents will show up with a dominating suit and the other one could have a stronger made hand. 对手,当钱进场时,你很可能会处于一个糟糕的境地,因为你的一个对手会出现一个支配性的花色,另一个可能会有一个更强的牌型。
Diagram 12 图表 12
Main Takeaways 主要要点
There are two reasons to 3-bet. 有两个原因可以 3-bet。
To build a bigger pot with a hand that: 用一只手建造一个更大的锅:
Has a raw equity advantage. 具有原始股权优势。
Plays better heads-up, rather than in a multiway pot. 在一对一的情况下玩得更好,而不是在多人底池中。
Benefits from preflop fold equity.
For playability in order to: 为了可玩性:
Push out players behind you with dominating hands that can't call a 3bet, but would come along if you call. 用支配性的手牌推出身后的玩家,这些手牌无法跟注 3bet,但如果你跟注,他们会跟着来。
Play your hand in a higher EV context, as it plays better in a low SPR heads-up pot compared to a multiway pot. 在更高的 EV 环境中打出你的手牌,因为与多路赌注相比,在低 SPR 的对决中表现更好。
Secure positional advantage and push out the players behind you who 确保位置优势,并将身后的玩家挤出去
have position. 有位置。
Facing a 3-Bet 面对 3-Bet
Introduction 介绍
When facing a 3-bet, there are three possible scenarios that all have different EV's attached to them: 当面对 3-bet 时,有三种可能的情况,它们都有不同的预期价值(EV)与之相关
You can 4-bet, which is mainly done with Aces, some A-K-K and double-suited Ace-high rundowns. 4-betting with a range such as this generates very high EV. 您可以进行 4 次加注,主要是用 Aces,一些 A-K-K 和双花色 Ace 高牌。使用这样的范围进行 4 次加注会产生非常高的 EV。
Calling the 3-bet. In that case, you can end up recouping a portion of your initial investment (the open-raise) but the EV of calling will almost always be lower than your initial open-raise EV. 呼叫 3-bet。在这种情况下,您可以收回您初始投资的一部分(开牌),但呼叫的预期价值几乎总是低于您初始开牌的预期价值。 Very often, the EV of calling a 3-bet is negative but still preferable to folding and giving away your original completely. 很多时候,跟注 3 次加注的预期价值是负数,但仍然比弃牌并完全放弃原始筹码更可取。
Folding means you are giving up on your entire preflop investment. The reason that you fold a part of your open-raising range is because it will lose more money in a 3-bet pot compared to simply folding. 弃牌意味着你放弃了整个翻牌前的投资。你折叠开牌范围的一部分的原因是因为在 3-bet 局中,相比于简单弃牌,它会损失更多的钱。 This part of your range is usually badly dominated by your opponent's 3betting range and also lacks equity realizability. This means that you will often get all the money in on the flop while dominated and having minimal equity. 您的牌区域通常被对手的 3bet 范围严重主导,并且缺乏权益实现性。这意味着您经常会在翻牌时输掉所有的钱,同时处于劣势并且具有最小的权益。 Alternatively you end up having to check-fold too much. Hands that are part of this folding range are usually big pairs or high cards that don't have additional backup in the form of being double-suited or by being strongly connected. 否则,您最终将不得不进行太多的查看弃牌。通常属于这种弃牌范围的手牌通常是大对子或高牌,它们没有额外的支持,例如双色或强连接。
Many players have a misconception when it comes to countering 3-bets in PLO. They often think that they don't have to fold against 3-bets, but this is incorrect. Weak hands will lose more money by calling and that's just a fact. 许多玩家在 PLO 中对抗 3-bet 时存在误解。他们经常认为他们不必对抗 3-bet,但这是不正确的。弱牌通过跟注会损失更多的钱,这只是事实。
If you raise from early position and the Button 3-bets, how often should you fold? The answer is that you should fold about 19% of the time, depending on the rake structure, your opponent and the stack depth. 如果你在早期位置加注,而按钮位置再加注 3 倍,你应该有多少频率选择弃牌?答案是,你应该根据抽水结构、对手和筹码深度,大约有 19%的时间选择弃牌。 If you pay a lot of rake, for example at the online low stakes, you should fold about more, so closer to . If you are paying little rake or even no rake, for example in a time-based rake structure in a live game, you only have to fold 如果您支付了很多佣金,例如在线低赌注,您应该多弃牌约 ,接近 。如果您支付的佣金很少甚至没有佣金,例如在现场游戏中的基于时间的佣金结构中,您只需要弃牌。
about of your hands against a 3-bet. 关于 对抗 3-bet 的手。
Your fold to 3-bet frequency heavily depends on your position and your opponent's position. If you are open-raising from the Cutoff and your opponent is on the Button, you should fold about of the time. Remember the Button has a reason to just call with a lot of his hands and leverage his positional advantage. So his 3-betting range should be tight and your Cutoff opening range is looser than your earlier position ranges. 您对 3-bet 频率的折叠程度在很大程度上取决于您的位置和对手的位置。如果您从 Cutoff 位置开牌,而对手在 Button 位置,您应该大约 的时间折叠。请记住,Button 位置有理由只用很多手牌跟注,并利用他的位置优势。因此,他的 3-bet 范围应该较紧,而您的 Cutoff 开牌范围比您之前的位置范围更宽松。
On the other hand, if you are open raising from the Button and you face a 3-bet from the Small Blind you should only fold about of the time since you are in position and facing a rather wide 3-betting range. The hands you are folding are the ones that will do the worst postflop. Again, you are going into a low SPR scenario where the Small Blind is likely to c-bet the flop with a strong range. 另一方面,如果你在庄家位置开牌,而小盲位对你进行 3 次加注,你应该只有 的时间放弃,因为你处于位置优势,并面对相当宽的 3 次加注范围。你要放弃的手牌是那些在后翻牌时表现最差的手牌。再次强调,你将进入一个低 SPR 情况,小盲位很可能会用强势范围进行后翻牌下注。 You therefore want hands that can face this decision profitably. 因此,您希望能够面对这个决定并从中获利的双手。
Keep in mind the general concept regarding rake. If the rake in your game is relatively high, you should start to fold about more against 3-bets. If the rake in your game is relatively low, you should fold about less against 3-bets. 牢记关于佣金的一般概念。如果您游戏中的佣金相对较高,您应该开始对 3-bet 折叠约 。如果您游戏中的佣金相对较低,您应该对 3-bet 折叠约 。
Key Concept One: Position 关键概念一:位置
In any poker game, position has a major impact on your EV. Most players underestimate how great the influence of position is in Pot Limit Omaha. 在任何扑克游戏中,位置对你的预期价值有很大影响。大多数玩家低估了位置在奥马哈无限注大小游戏中的影响力。 Playing in position you can realize much more of your equity than out of position because you will be able to generate more value with your strong hands, decide whether to go to showdown and get more postflop bluffing opportunities. 在位置上玩牌,你可以实现比不在位置上更多的权益,因为你将能够用你的强牌产生更多价值,决定是否去决胜局,并获得更多后翻牌的虚张声势机会。 Consequently, the minimum amount of equity required to call against a 3-bet profitably is much less when you have position. This means that out of position you will have to fold more often to 3-bets than in position. 因此,当您拥有位置时,对抗 3 次加注的最低资本要求更少。这意味着在位置不利的情况下,您将不得不更频繁地对 3 次加注做出弃牌决定。
Key Concept Two: How to Play Aces Versus a 3-bet 关键概念二:如何打 A 对面对 3 次加注
If you are facing a 3-bet when holding Aces at 100bb, you want to 4-bet of the time. The main reason to 4-bet is because the EV is much higher than calling. There is much more value in getting your opponent to put in a lot of money into the pot while you are a favorite than trapping preflop. 如果你手持 Aces 在 100bb 时面对 3-bet,你希望 4-bet 的时间 。4-bet 的主要原因是因为 EV 比跟注高得多。让对手在你是优势的情况下把大量筹码放入底池中有更多价值,而不是在翻牌前设陷阱。 Additionally, Aces hands have an easier time realizing their equity when the 此外,当 Aces 手牌时,更容易实现他们的权益
SPR gets lower, because this allows you to shove profitably on most flops and not have to play multiple streets without knowing whether your overpair is good or not. SPR 降低,因为这样可以让您在大多数翻牌时有利可图地推注,而不必在不知道您的高对是否好的情况下玩多条街。
As you become deeper, especially over the 150bb mark, you want to start flatting more Aces versus 3-bets because combinations without much playability can be very tricky to play in medium to high SPR situations. 随着你变得更深入,特别是在 150bb 标记以上,你会想要开始平跟更多的 Aces 对抗 3-bets,因为在中高 SPR 情况下,缺乏可玩性的组合可能会非常棘手。 If you choose to add some Aces to your calling range, start with the ones with the least playability because those will be harder to play in 3-bet pots, and you would rather avoid making a big mistake and keep the pot size under control. 如果您选择在您的呼叫范围内添加一些 A,那么首先从可玩性最低的那些开始,因为这些在 3-bet 局中会更难打,您宁愿避免犯大错误并控制好底池的大小。
Key Concept Three: Single-Suited Versus DoubleSuited
Double-suited hands are called far more often than single-suited hands against a 3-bet. 3-bet pots play at low SPRs, which means that smoothness is the key factor when you are deciding whether to call a 3-bet or not because it will help you to realize your equity in a big pot. 双色手牌比单色手牌更经常被称为 3-bet。 3-bet 奖池在低 SPRs 下进行,这意味着当您决定是否跟注 3-bet 时,平稳性是关键因素,因为这将帮助您在大奖池中实现您的权益。 If you don't have the correct hand selection, you will often find yourself having to fold on the flop because you don't have enough equity to justify continuing. Double-suited hands have more equity and realizability against an A-A-x-x heavy range. 如果您没有正确的手牌选择,您经常会发现自己在翻牌圈不得不弃牌,因为您没有足够的资产来继续。双色手牌在对抗 A-A-x-x 重手牌范围时具有更多的资产和实现性。 You want to avoid flopping top pair without any backup because this hand class has low equity against Aces. Double-suited hands can flop more combo draws as well as pair with backdoor flush draws, which brings your equity closer to a equity matchup against your opponent's Aces heavy 3-bet range. 您想要避免在没有任何后备的情况下翻牌顶对,因为这种手牌类别对 Aces 的赢率较低。双花色手牌可以翻牌更多组合抓牌,同时也可以与后门同花抓牌配对,这会使您的赢率接近于与对手 Aces 为主的 3-bet 范围的赢率对决。
This doesn't mean you should fold all your single-suited or rainbow hands when you face a 3-bet. You should often still call with these hands, especially when you are in position. 这并不意味着当你面对 3-bet 时就应该放弃所有单花色或彩虹手牌。你通常应该继续用这些手牌跟注,特别是当你处于有利位置时。 When you are out of position and you are facing a tighter 3-bet range while having a positional disadvantage, you want to fold a lot of those non-double-suited combinations. 当您处于位置不利且面对更紧的 3-bet 范围时,您会想要放弃很多那些非双花色组合。
Key Concept Four: Playing Pairs Versus a 3-bet 关键概念四:对打对手的 3-bet
Pairs need to be very well connected or double-suited to call a 3-bet out of position. Think back to the material about the equity distribution profile. 双手牌需要非常紧密连接或双色才能在位置不利的情况下跟注 3 次加注。回想一下有关权益分配概况的材料。 When you are holding a pair, your hand will likely flop very "rough" and you will only flop substantial equity a small amount of the time. An example is K-K-10- 当你手中有一对时,你的手牌很可能会很“粗糙”,你只有很少的时间会翻出实质性的资产。一个例子是 K-K-10-
This hand has a hard time finding any boards where it wants to check-raise all-in or continue against a c-bet. 这只手很难找到任何想要全押或继续对抗 c-bet 的牌。 In most cases, you will flop a naked overpair without much backup against a range that contains a lot of Aces against which you are completely dominated when you don't have any additional backup. 在大多数情况下,您会翻开一手裸露的对子,没有太多支持,面对一个包含许多 A 的牌型范围,您完全被支配,当您没有任何额外支持时。
Examples of other hands that you want to fold against a 3-bet because they flop too rough are: 您想要对抗 3-bet 的其他手的例子,因为它们在翻牌时太粗糙:
K-K-Q-4s
K -10-10 -6
Examples of hands that you can call against a 3-bet out of position because they flop smooth and therefore have an easier time realizing equity: 您可以在位置不利的情况下对 3-bet 进行呼叫的手牌示例,因为它们在翻牌时较为顺畅,因此更容易实现权益:
K -K
Key Concept Five: Ace-high Suits
Ace-high single-suited hands are being called more often than trip-suited hands or non-Ace-high suits. There is a considerable difference between holding a single-suited hands to the Ace, holding a trip-suited hand to the Ace, or holding a non-Ace-high suited hand. 高牌单色手牌比三色手牌或非高牌手牌更常被叫牌。拿着单色手牌到 A 的情况与拿着三色手牌到 A 或拿着非高牌手牌之间存在着相当大的差异。
Examples of hands you should fold against a 3-bet:
A 一个
This hand doesn't have an Ace-high suit, so it has less equity. 这手牌没有 A 高花色,所以它的资产较少。
This hand has a very rough equity distribution profile and it will be hard to outdraw your opponent's 3-betting range. 这只手的公平分配配置非常粗糙,很难超越对手的 3-bet 范围。
Examples of hands that you should call against a 3-bet: 你应该对 3-bet 时应该跟注的手牌的例子:
A 一个
This hand has some connectivity and a nut-suit. 这只手有一些连通性和坚果套装。
Single-suited to the Ace means that this hand has a better chance at outdrawing your opponent's 3-betting range. 单色对 A 意味着这手牌有更好的机会超过对手的 3-betting 范围。
Key Concept Six: Double-suited Rundowns
Double-suited rundowns and double-suited big pairs backed up by an Ace can be used to 4-bet. Many players choose the wrong hands to 4-bet. You shouldn't only include A-A-x-x in your 4-betting range. 双色连牌和带有 A 支撑的双色大对可以用来进行 4 次加注。许多玩家选择错误的手牌进行 4 次加注。你不应该只在 4 次加注范围内包括 A-A-x-x。 If your opponent knows that you only 4-bet with Aces he will have quite an easy time playing against you both preflop and postflop. 如果你的对手知道你只有 Aces 时才会 4-bet,他将会在游戏中相当轻松地对抗你,无论是翻牌前还是翻牌后。 Other hands that you can include in your 4-betting range are all doing very well versus a 5-bet (connected and double-suited) or they are blocking Aces. 你可以包括在你的 4-bet 范围内的其他手在面对 5-bet(连牌和双色)时表现非常出色,或者它们会阻挡 Aces。
Examples of hands which are fit to include in your 4-betting range that are not Aces: 适合包括在你的 4-betting 范围内的手的例子,但不是 Aces:
This hand is blocking Aces, is double-suited and well connected. The equity of this hand should be very high against almost any range. 这手牌挡住了 A,是双色的,并且连接得很好。这手牌的公平性应该非常高,几乎对任何范围都很有优势。
A-K-K - 3
This hand is very strong in terms of raw equity. It's also double-suited, and it also blocks Aces. 这手在原始资产方面非常强大。 它也是双色的,还能阻挡 Aces。
Q中-Jo-10-8
This hand is double-suited, very well connected and can call 5-bets. 这手牌是双色的,非常连贯,可以跟注 5 次加注。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
Aces should usually be 4-bet, but some combinations that lack realizability become better as calls when you are over 150bb deep. Aces 通常应该 4-bet,但一些缺乏实现性的组合在您深入 150bb 以上时作为跟注变得更好。
Double-suited hands are calling 3-bets far more frequently than singlesuited hands. 双色手牌比单色手牌更频繁地跟注 3 倍注。
Pairs need additional factors to justify calling 3-bets, especially OOP. 双打需要额外因素来证明在 OOP 情况下呼叫 3-bet。
Ace-high single-suited hands are called more often than triple suited hands or non-Ace-high suits. 高牌单花色手牌比三花色手牌或非高牌花色手牌更常被称为。
Double-suited rundowns and double-suited big pairs backed up by an Ace can be used to 4-bet. 双色连牌和备有一张 A 的双色大对可以用来 4-bet。
Facing a 3-bet at 200bb
If you are deeper than 100bb, your overall fold frequency also decreases. At 200bb, you are continuing more versus a 3-bet both in position and out of position. 如果您的筹码深度超过 100bb,您的整体弃牌频率也会降低。在 200bb 时,您在位置内外都会更多地继续对抗 3-bet。 The main reason is that there is less pot-sized betting and committing to the pot by the 3-bettor on the flop in 3-bet pots at 200bb. Let's take a brief look at how this affects strategy in both scenarios. 主要原因是在 200bb 的 3-bet 盆中,3-bettor 在翻牌时下注和承诺盆的次数较少。让我们简要看一下这如何影响两种情况下的策略。
OOP Deep as the Preflop Caller OOP 深度作为翻牌前的跟注者
The most important factor in this scenario are the stack sizes and the fact you have more postflop playability. Given the higher SPR you are able to checkcall a bet and still have some implied odds compared to scenarios at 100bbs starting stack sizes. 在这种情况下,最重要的因素是堆栈大小以及您在后翻牌阶段的可玩性更强。鉴于更高的 SPR,您可以选择跟注一次赌注,与 100 个大盲注起始堆栈大小的情况相比,仍然具有一些暗示赔率。
At 100bb the 3-bettor will often bet pot and thus commit on the flop in situations where you have a very hard time continuing with single pair hands against a dominating Aces-heavy range. 在 100bb 时,3-bettor 经常会下注全池,因此在你很难继续与主导 Aces-heavy 范围的单对手牌对抗的情况下,在翻牌时会承诺。 This problem doesn't occur at 200bb as, being deeper, the 3-bettor doesn't have much incentive to pot bet the flop as they cannot pot and stack off that profitably. The equity threshold the 3bettor will have for stacking off this deep is much higher. 这个问题在 200bb 时不会发生,因为更深入,3-bettor 没有太多动力在翻牌时下注,因为他们不能盲注并盲注得到有利可图。3bettor 在这种深度下盲注的资产门槛要高得多。 Therefore, the 3bettor, while playing in position, will prefer to execute a multiple street game-plan to leverage stack size and positional advantage as much as possible. 因此,在位置上玩的 3bettor 会更倾向于执行一个多街游戏计划,以尽可能利用筹码大小和位置优势。
In addition to this, at 200bb the in position 3-bettor will have a wider 3betting range in comparison to scenarios at 100bb. This means his flop range is slightly weaker. Finally, at 200bb the RFI ranges are slightly tighter and stronger, except for the Button. 除此之外,在 200bb 时,位置 3 的 3bet 者与 100bb 时的情况相比,将拥有更广泛的 3bet 范围。这意味着他的翻牌范围略微较弱。最后,在 200bb 时,RFI 范围略微更紧更强,除了庄家。 Altogether this means the in position player will c-bet less often or with a smaller size. This benefits the OOP 3-bet caller and allows them to play more hands profitably preflop, compared to at 100bbs. 总的来说,这意味着在位置的玩家将更少地进行 c-bet 或以较小的尺寸进行 c-bet。这有利于 OOP 3-bet 的叫注者,并允许他们在翻牌前更有利地玩更多手牌,与 100 个大盲注时相比。
IP Deep as the Preflop Caller
Playing in position at 200 bbs (such as when you raise from the Button and the Small Blind 3-bets) your positional advantage becomes so much greater compared to scenarios at 100bb that you have a lot of incentive to call with most of your range when facing a 3-bet. 在 200 个大盲注的位置玩(例如,当你从按钮加注,小盲位再加注时),你的位置优势与 100 个大盲注的情况相比变得更加明显,因此当面对再加注时,你有很多动机用大部分手牌跟注。
By calling you can make it very tough for your opponent. They end up in a very large pot where they cannot execute the same strategy as they can at 100bb because the SPR is much higher and they will be out of position on multiple streets. 通过加注,你可以让对手变得非常困难。他们最终会进入一个非常大的底池,无法像在 100bb 时那样执行相同的策略,因为 SPR 更高,而且他们将在多条街道上处于劣势。
Again, this means the IP player will be able to leverage their positional advantage and ultimately increase the EV for their hands. Remember, as the IP caller versus a 3-bet, you will prefer calling over 4-betting with a lot of strong hands and have a very tight 4-betting range. 再次,这意味着 IP 玩家将能够利用他们的位置优势,最终增加他们手牌的 EV。请记住,作为 IP 叫注者对抗 3-bet,您会更倾向于用很多强手牌叫注而不是 4-bet,并且有一个非常紧凑的 4-betting 范围。
Limping 跛行
Should You Open Limp in PLO? 在 PLO 中应该开牌吗?
Limping is the act of only calling the size of the Big Blind (or straddle) preflop. When you are UTG or everyone folds to you, you have the option to fold, call (limp) or raise. As we've discussed before, you should almost always fold or raise and almost never open limp. 跛行是指只在翻牌前跟注大盲注(或加注)。当你是 UTG 或其他人都弃牌给你时,你可以选择弃牌、跟注(跛行)或加注。正如我们之前讨论过的,你几乎总是应该弃牌或加注,几乎不应该选择跛行。
In PLO, the rake tends to be very high, so you benefit greatly from taking down the pot preflop without paying any rake. In most cash games, there is a "no flop, no drop" structure. This means that if you don't see a flop, you don't pay any rake. 在 PLO 中,佣金往往非常高,因此在不支付任何佣金的情况下在翻牌前赢下底池会让你受益匪浅。在大多数现金游戏中,有一个“无翻牌,无佣金”结构。这意味着如果你不看到翻牌,就不需要支付任何佣金。 In such games, limping rarely has a place in your baseline strategy. 在这种游戏中,慢慢走几乎不在你的基本策略中。
If you limp, you don't have any fold equity preflop, so you always want to raise. Remember from the chapter about raise-sizing that stealing the blinds gives you a win rate of , which would be fantastic. 如果你跛行,你在翻牌前没有任何折叠权益,所以你总是想要加注。记住在有关加注大小的章节中提到,偷盲注会给你一个 的胜率,这将是非常棒的。
Your strategy should be aggressive preflop play in order to build big pots. So, make sure to charge your opponents for entering the pot and competing with you for the blinds. 您的策略应该是激进的翻牌玩法,以便建立大底池。因此,请确保向对手收费进入底池,并与您竞争盲注。
If you use an open-limping strategy, you won't be able to extract as many chips from your opponents when you hold a strong hand and want to get paid. If you limp a weak hand, you are just getting yourself into trouble by allowing hands with better equity to gain EV from you. 如果您使用开放性弱跛策略,当您手持强牌并希望得到付款时,您将无法从对手那里抽取太多筹码。如果您弱弱地跛手,那么您只会让自己陷入麻烦,因为允许具有更好权益的手牌从您那里获得 EV。
There are a couple of exceptions to the "no open-limping" rule. If you are playing a different format than "no flop, no drop" games, such as a tournament or time-raked cash game, limping can be a viable strategy. 有几个例外情况适用于“不允许开牌”的规则。如果您玩的是与“无翻牌,无底池”游戏不同的格式,比如锦标赛或按时间抽水的现金游戏,那么开牌可能是一种可行的策略。 If, in these games, you are shortstacked or facing short stacks, then limping can bring strategic advantages, such as playing higher SPR scenarios and not having to raise-fold a considerable percentage of your hands preflop. 如果在这些游戏中,您的筹码较少或面对筹码较少的对手,那么慢玩可能会带来战略优势,比如玩更高的 SPR 场景,而不必在翻牌前折牌很大比例的手牌。
Whether you are limping from an early or late position, you still want to limp strong playable hands. That way you can "force" the blinds to play weaker hands against you, where you often have a range and positional advantage. 无论您是从早期还是晚期位置跛行,您仍然希望跛行强大的可玩手牌。这样您就可以“迫使”大盲玩弱手牌对抗您,在这种情况下,您通常具有范围和位置优势。 After reading this book you should also have a baseline strategy for developing a skill advantage. 阅读完这本书后,您应该也会有一个发展技能优势的基线策略。
Exploiting Limpers
The decisions you want to make when you are facing limpers depend upon many different variables such as position, stack sizes, reads, the type of players behind you, etc. Let's start off with a simple fact. 当你面对跟注者时想要做出的决定取决于许多不同的变量,比如位置、筹码堆大小、读牌、你身后的玩家类型等等。让我们从一个简单的事实开始。 Most players who are limping in standard raked cash games are recreational players. They usually play very wide preflop ranges and they also often make many mistakes postflop. 在标准抽水现金游戏中慢玩的大多数玩家都是业余玩家。他们通常在翻牌前玩得很宽泛,而且在翻牌后也经常犯很多错误。 Being able to isolate these weak players can give your win rate a massive boost. You don't want to overdo it, because if you do, you become the weak player yourself and can be exploited by other watchful players or someone who wakes up with a big hand. 能够孤立这些弱玩家可以极大地提高您的胜率。您不想做得过火,因为如果您这样做,您自己就会成为弱玩家,并且可能会被其他警惕的玩家或者拿到大牌的人利用。 You could easily get into big trouble by getting into a multiway pot without having the hand that is suited for this scenario. 你如果在多人牌局中参与,而手牌并不适合这种情况,很容易陷入麻烦。 The open limper might also exploit your wide range by reraising you more often, which will allow him to lower his positional disadvantage and dominate your hand postflop. 主动跟注者也可能会更频繁地重新加注,从而利用你的宽范围,这将使他降低他的位置劣势,并在河牌后控制你的手牌。
In general, you should isolate limpers using a range that is tighter than your RFI range. For example, if it's folded to you on the Button, you should open-raise for pot about of the time. If the Cutoff decides to limp, you should raise tighter than that, because players who limp are not limping to fold against a single raise, they are limping to call. 通常情况下,您应该使用比您的 RFI 范围更紧的范围来隔离 limpers。例如,如果在 Button 位置对您弃牌,您应该大约 的时间开牌加注。如果 Cutoff 位置决定跟注,您应该比那更紧,因为跟注的玩家不是为了对抗单次加注而跟注,他们是为了跟注。 As an easy-to-remember general rule is that you can isolate players using the range from one earlier RFI position, per limper in the pot. For example, if the Cutoff limps and you are on the Button, isolate the player with your Cutoff RFI range. 作为一个容易记住的一般规则是,您可以使用从一个较早的 RFI 位置的范围来孤立玩家,每个盲注者在底池中。例如,如果 Cutoff 跟注,而您在 Button 位置上,可以使用您的 Cutoff RFI 范围来孤立玩家。 If both the MP and Cutoff players limp, then you should isolate with the RFI range from two positions earlier, e.g. the MP RFI range. 如果 MP 和 Cutoff 玩家都跟注,那么您应该使用比两个位置更早的 RFI 范围进行孤立,例如 MP 的 RFI 范围。
When there is a limper in front of you, there is little to no preflop fold equity. You will be almost guaranteed to see a flop and pay rake. 当你面前有一个跟注者时,几乎没有什么前翻牌折价权。你几乎可以肯定会看到翻牌并支付抽水。 You also won't be able to win the blinds by yourself any longer and you will have to split the dead blind money with at least one other player. If you raise first in and successfully steal the blinds, your win rate will be . If there is a limper who doesn't fold preflop, you can no longer achieve this win rate because you will have to split the blinds with both the limper and the casino or poker site. 你也不再能独自赢得盲注,而必须与至少另一名玩家分走死盲注的钱。如果你首先加注并成功偷取盲注,你的胜率将为 。如果有一个不在翻牌前弃牌的跟注者,你将无法再达到这个胜率,因为你必须与跟注者以及赌场或扑克网站分走盲注。 This massively decreases your win rate, so you want to tighten your range in order to have a more significant equity advantage versus the limper and avoid being exploited by other players. 这会大幅降低你的胜率,因此你需要收紧你的手牌范围,以便在与跟注者对比中获得更大的资产优势,并避免被其他玩家利用。
Over-limping 过度跛行
Over-limping is when you face a limper and decide to also come along. After all, it's only a small bet to call and you are getting better odds, right? While true, remember to think about where you are heading postflop and that will be a multiway pot. 过度跟注是指当你面对一个跟注者并决定也跟注时。毕竟,只是一个小注码,而且你得到了更好的赔率,对吧?虽然如此,记得要考虑你在后翻后的走势,那将是一个多路池。 Focus more on how your hand will play for all the future bets, not the immediate and smallest one preflop. 更多关注你的手将如何在未来所有的赌注中发挥作用,而不是在翻牌前立即和最小的赌注。 If you focus on the immediate pot odds and equity, you are basing your decision on the least important aspect of the hand and its very easy for your "small mistake" to compound into a larger one postflop. 如果你专注于即时的赔率和权益,你正在基于手牌最不重要的方面做决定,这很容易让你的“小错误”在后翻牌时变成更大的错误。 Therefore, you can argue that these small mistakes should really be considered big ones. 因此,您可以认为这些小错误实际上应该被视为大错误。
I can't stress this enough. Avoid playing multiway pots with hands that are not suited for multiway pots. If you can avoid this common small stakes PLO mistake, you are already way ahead of the competition. 我再强调一次。避免用不适合多路锅的手牌玩多路锅。如果你能避免这种常见的小注 PLO 错误,你已经领先于竞争对手。 Don't think that your superior skill can overcome a structural part of the game. You will get dominated, be forced to fold, or lose at showdown too often to play weak hands profitably in multiway pots. 不要认为你的高超技巧可以克服游戏的结构性部分。你会被主导,被迫弃牌,或者在摊牌时太频繁地输掉,以至于无法盈利地玩弱牌。
Remember, in position, you want to build big pots with your strong range versus your opponents' weak range. Going to the flop in position, heads-up against a weak player with a weak range is still an excellent result. 记住,在位置上,你想用你的强势范围建立大锅,对抗你对手的弱势范围。在位置上去翻牌,与一个弱玩家对抗弱范围仍然是一个出色的结果。 Going to the flop against multiple players, with a weak hand is not. 与多名玩家一起看翻牌,手牌较弱是不明智的。
You can consider limping along when you're out of position, such as in the Small Blind. Even in this case, however, you should only consider overlimping with decently strong hands. 当你处于失去位置时,比如在小盲位,你可以考虑勉强跟注。然而,即使在这种情况下,你也应该只考虑用相当强的手牌来勉强跟注。 In this scenario, even when you raise, you will be out of position without much preflop fold equity. A strong hand can gain a lot by 3-betting OOP and lowering the SPR significantly but when just raising against limpers you will still be heading into a high SPR scenario OOP. 在这种情况下,即使你加注,你也会处于没有太多翻牌前权益的位置。一手强牌可以通过在位置不利时三倍加注并显著降低 SPR 来获得很多好处,但当只是对付跟注者时,你仍然会进入一个位置不利的高 SPR 情况。 Most hands will not gain enough equity advantage to play profitably compared to just calling. As a rule of thumb, when out of position facing a limper, isolate them only with your UTG RFI range. 大多数手牌不会获得足够的股权优势,与仅仅跟注相比无法盈利。作为一个经验法则,当处于位置不利且面对一个跟注者时,只用你的 UTG RFI 范围孤立他们。
Rules of Thumb for Isolating Limpers 隔离跟注者的经验法则
Raise the previous position's RFI versus one limper.
Add one further position for each added limper.
This is the default strategy you want to use when you are facing a limper on whom you don't have any specific reads. Reasons to raise wider are if you are deeper or if your opponent has a very wide range and is weak postflop. 这是您在面对一个您没有任何具体读数的跟注者时想要使用的默认策略。扩大加注的原因是如果您的筹码更多,或者如果您的对手持有非常广泛的牌型且在后翻牌后很弱。
On the other hand, raise tighter if the players behind you are very aggressive or the limper is tight. To really crush your games, you need to understand the default strategy, and then you should adjust that basic strategy based on the table conditions or reads you have. 另一方面,如果你身后的玩家非常激进或者跟注者很保守,那么就要加大加注。要真正击败对手,你需要了解默认策略,然后根据牌桌情况或你的读牌调整基本策略。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
You should only open limp in games with very specific rake structures. 在具有非常特定的抽水结构的游戏中,您应该只进行开牌。
Players who limp often play very poorly both preflop and postflop. You want to isolate them in order to play a pot with a weak player. Don't isolate too wide because doing so opens you up to being easily exploited. 经常搭腿的玩家在翻牌前和翻牌后的表现通常都很差。你想要孤立他们,以便与一个弱玩家玩一个底池。不要孤立得太广,因为这样做会让你容易被利用。
When you are facing a limp in position, don't over-limp. Play either raise or fold. 当你面对位置上的跛行时,不要过度跛行。要么加注,要么弃牌。
Out of position, over-limping can be an option. You want to over-limp about of your hands from the Small Blind, with specific attention to your range's nuttiness. 在错误的位置,过度跟注可能是一个选择。你想要在小盲位过度跟注大约 手牌,特别关注你手牌范围的优势。
Isolate with UTG RFI range.
In general, when considering whether to isolate a player, you can do so with the RFI range from one earlier position per each limper in the pot. 通常情况下,在考虑是否要孤立一名玩家时,您可以使用 RFI 范围,从每个底池中的一个早期位置的跟注者开始。
From the Small Blind, over-limp around 30%. 从小盲位,过度跟注约 30%。
Use this as your baseline strategy and adjust it based on the reads and information that you have on your opponents. 将此作为您的基本策略,并根据您对对手的了解和信息进行调整。
Defending the Big Blind Versus One Opponent 保卫大盲注对抗一个对手
Fundamentals 基础
When you are in the Big Blind and facing a single open-raise, you already know you're going to play a heads-up pot while out of position. If you face a pot-sized open-raise from a single opponent, you are getting a price of 2-to-1. This means you need equity to profitably call if you didn't have to make decisions on future streets. But because you do have to play future streets, you also need to take the equity realization factor into account. 当您在大盲位并面对单个开牌时,您已经知道您将在位置不利的情况下参与一场对决。如果您面对来自单个对手的与底池大小相同的开牌,您将得到 2 比 1 的赔率。这意味着如果您不必在未来街道上做决定,您需要 的资产回报率才能有利可图地叫牌。但是因为您必须玩未来的街道,您还需要考虑资产实现因素。
This principle is the same as in NLHE, where you might defend your Big Blind with , but you would fold . The equity of these hands is similar, but the realization of this equity is very different. This is due to the better suitedness and connectivity of . The higher equity realizability of this hand allows you to call more flops, turns, and rivers because you can hit flush and straight draws. With Q , that's much more unlikely. 这个原则与 NLHE 中的情况相同,你可能会用 保护你的大盲注,但你会弃牌 。这些手的公平性相似,但这种公平性的实现方式却非常不同。这是由于 更适合和连接性更好。这手更高的公平性实现性使你能够在更多翻牌、转牌和河牌时跟注,因为你可以命中同花和顺子。而用 Q ,这种情况就不太可能了。
In PLO, a similar principle applies. Hands that are double-suited and connected tend to realize a lot of their preflop equity because they connect with more boards than hands with fewer such advantages. 在 PLO 中,类似的原则也适用。双色并连的手牌往往能够实现很多前翻牌权益,因为它们与更多的牌面相连,而不像其他手牌那样具有更少的优势。 This means that 7 -6 -5 -4 is a much better defend than J-7 against a Button open-raise. Even though has equity versus a Button range and has equity, the double-suited rundown will connect with more flops and can continue past the flop more often. Not only does this mean you can get to showdown more but you are also able to turn your hand into a bluff if necessary. 这意味着 7 -6 -5 -4 比 J-7 更好地防守按钮开牌。即使 对按钮范围有 股权益, 也有 股权益,双花色的连续牌会与更多翻牌相连,并且更有可能在翻牌后继续。这不仅意味着你可以更多地参与摊牌,而且在必要时还可以将手牌变成虚张声势。 With a weak single pair of Jacks, you don't reach the point of either option. 用一对弱的 J,你都达不到任何选择的点。
Some players hold the belief that in PLO, it is profitable to defend their Big Blind with most of their hands preflop. That belief is based on the considerable equity that hands have preflop and how close equities of different starting hands run in PLO. 一些玩家认为,在 PLO 中,用大部分手牌预翻牌保护他们的大盲是有利可图的。这种信念基于手牌在翻牌前具有的相当大的资产价值,以及在 PLO 中不同起手手牌的资产价值之间有多接近。 What these players overlook is that equity always must be combined with equity realization. Otherwise, you are working with an incomplete model since we are not playing all-in before the flop. You must start thinking more about which hands realize a lot of their 这些玩家忽视的是,公平性总是必须与公平实现相结合。否则,您正在使用一个不完整的模型,因为我们在翻牌前不是全押。您必须开始更多地考虑哪些手牌实现了很多。
equity and what types of hands don't and that's where a number of components come into play. A double-suited hand realizes more equity than a single-suited hand. 权益和哪些类型的手不会,这就是许多组成部分发挥作用的地方。双色手牌比单色手牌实现更多的权益。 A single-suited hand realizes more equity than a tripsuited hand and a disconnected hand realizes less equity than a connected hand. 单色手牌的公平价值高于三色手牌,而不连续手牌的公平价值低于连续手牌。
However, that is not all. Weak disconnected hands not only have less equity, they also realize less of their equity. has less raw equity than and, on top of that, realizes less of its equity because it has fewer components that work together. This effectively means that the EV of the hand drops to a level where it's not profitable to call preflop. Just having equity isn't enough to justify a call. 10-10-9-8 has more equity and realizes more of it due to the higher connectivity, making it an easy defend from the Big Blind. 然而,这还不是全部。弱而不连贯的手不仅拥有更少的资产,而且也实现更少的资产。 的原始资产比 少,而且 由于其组件较少,实现的资产也较少。这实际上意味着手牌的 EV 降至一个不盈利的水平,无法在翻牌前跟注。仅仅拥有 的资产并不足以证明跟注的合理性。10-10-9-8 由于更高的连通性拥有更多的资产,并且实现更多,使其成为大盲注的易守手牌。
Players who hold this costly preflop misconception also don't pay enough attention to the positional disadvantage. The Big Blind is always out of position except when playing versus the Small Blind. 持有这种昂贵的翻牌误解的玩家也没有足够关注位置劣势。大盲永远处于位置劣势,除非与小盲对战。 As mentioned before, being OOP makes it harder to realize the full equity of your hand since you have less control over the action. Therefore, the Big Blind should fold a lot of marginal hands. 如前所述,作为 OOP 使得很难实现你手牌的全部公平性,因为你对行动的控制较少。因此,大盲应该放弃很多边缘手牌。
When deciding whether to defend the Big Blind against a single opponent, consider both: 在决定是否要对抗一个对手来保卫大盲注时,请考虑以下两点:
The equity of your hand against your opponent's raising range. 您手中的股权与对手的加注范围相比。
The realizability of your hand. 您手中的可实现性。
Your hand's equity is heavily influenced by how wide your opponents' range is. If your opponent opens from an early position, you need to tighten up your preflop range considerably. If they play a range from the Button, you can defend around to , as you are getting a decent price from the Big Blind to play versus a wide range. 您的手牌公平性受对手手牌范围有多宽的影响很大。如果对手从早期位置开牌,您需要明显收紧您的翻牌范围。如果对手从庄家位开牌,您可以在大盲位获得合理的价格对抗广泛范围,可以防守大约 到 。
What's important to keep in mind about the second bullet point above is that some hands will realize their equity better than others. This means that range composition matters more than playing frequency. 关于上述第二个要点需要记住的重要一点是,有些手牌会比其他手牌更好地实现他们的权益。这意味着范围组成比打牌频率更重要。 The realizability factor is determined by the quality and quantity of your hand's components. 可实现性因素取决于您手部组件的质量和数量。
Exploitable Adjustment
If your opponent is very aggressive postflop, you want to adjust and 如果你的对手在翻牌后非常激进,你需要调整
tighten your preflop ranges. Opponents who c-bet and barrel a lot take advantage of wide and capped ranges. 收紧你的起手范围。经常进行 c-bet 和 barrel 的对手会利用宽泛且受限制的范围。 A natural exploit is to defend tighter preflop and have stronger hands in your range on every street, so your opponent ends up betting into a range that can more easily call down and punish this tendency. 一种自然的策略是在翻牌前更紧密地防守,并在每一轮中拥有更强的手牌范围,这样你的对手最终会下注到一个更容易跟注和惩罚这种倾向的范围内。
Big Blind Defense Versus One Opponent 大盲防守对手
If you are in the Big Blind facing a single open-raise, you should defend with a frequency that is slightly higher than your opponent's openraising range. For example, if EP open-raises of the time, the Big Blind should defend about 25%. If the Button open-raises with about , the Big Blind should defend with about to . This only applies to heads-up pots. 如果你在大盲位面对单个开牌,你应该防守的频率略高于对手的开牌范围。例如,如果早期位置开牌 的时间,大盲位应该防守约 25%。如果庄家开牌约 ,大盲位应该防守约 到 。这仅适用于两人局。
The Influence of the Rake 耙的影响
The Big Blind is supposed to fold about to of hands versus a Button raise and fold about against an EP raise. In high rake games, you should fold more, and in low raked games, you can fold less. 大盲注应该在按钮加注时弃牌约 到 手牌,并在早期加注时弃牌约 手牌。在高抽水游戏中,你应该更多地弃牌,在低抽水游戏中,你可以少一些。 The more rake you pay, the more the profit of your marginal defending hands gets eaten up by the rake, up to a point where some of the hands that you can defend in low rake situations now turn into losing hands. 您支付的佣金越多,您边缘防守手牌的利润就会被佣金吞噬得越多,直到某个程度,您在低佣金情况下可以防守的一些手牌现在变成了亏损手牌。
Common Small Stakes Mistakes 常见的小注错误
A mistake that is seen frequently at small stakes is when players defend too many weak single-component hands. Examples of such hands are: disconnected hands with a suited Ace, unsupported medium-high pairs, rainbow Broadway hands, and double-suited disconnected trash. 在小注水平经常出现的一个错误是玩家防守太多弱的单组分手。这类手的例子包括:不连贯的手带有同花 A、不支持的中高对、彩虹 Broadway 手和双色不连贯垃圾手。
For example, holding a suited Ace does not mean that you can always justify a call preflop against a single open-raiser. 例如,拿着一张合适的 A 并不意味着你总是可以在单个开牌者前注时进行跟注。 This single element becomes more important when playing a multiway pot because of the nuttiness factor and the increased chances of an opponent having a dominated flush draw. But in heads-up situations realizability is more important than nuttiness. 这个单一元素在玩多路锅时变得更加重要,因为有坚果因素和对手拥有主导同花顺牌的机会增加。但在一对一的情况下,实现性比坚果更重要。 The suited Ace adds a lot of nuttiness to a hand but doesn't add that much realizability. You need additional components, such as connectivity, high cards, or a pair. 适合的 A 牌为手牌增添了很多坚果味,但并没有增加太多的可实现性。您需要额外的组件,比如连贯性、高牌或一对。
The same thing holds for disconnected medium-high pairs, rainbow 断开的中高对、彩虹也适用同样的原则
Broadway hands and double-suited trash. Without backup, these hands don't have enough realizability in order to profitably call against an open-raise. 百老汇手和双色垃圾。没有后援,这些手不具备足够的可实现性,无法盈利地对抗开牌。
3-betting from the Big Blind
If you recall, in PLO there are two main reasons to 3-bet: 如果你回忆一下,在 PLO 中有两个主要原因可以 3-bet:
You have a high equity hand.
You have a hand with smooth equity distribution that plays better in a heads-up pot than in a multiway pot. 您有一手平均分配的好牌,在一对一的局面中比在多人对局中更有优势。
When you are in the Big Blind, there are no players behind you to push out so the second reason is not relevant. That means your 3-betting range consists almost exclusively of high equity hands. This is especially true as you will be out of position postflop. 当您在大盲注位时,身后没有玩家可以推出,因此第二个原因不相关。这意味着您的 3-bet 范围几乎完全由高赔率手牌组成。尤其是因为您将在翻牌后处于劣势位置。 When defending your hand OOP, you want to 3-bet a stronger range that allows you to apply a lot of pressure on many different flops and turns. You can only accomplish this goal by sticking to multicomponent hands, such as double-suited high cards. 当在 OOP 防守你的手牌时,你希望 3-bet 一个更强大的范围,这样可以在许多不同的翻牌和转牌上施加很大的压力。只有通过坚持多组分手牌,如双色高牌,才能实现这个目标。
Exploitative Tip
When a player at your table is open-raising extremely wide, the way to adjust your strategy is to widen your 3-betting range. Don't start calling wider because a lot of these marginal hands have trouble realizing equity. 当你桌上的玩家开牌范围非常宽时,调整策略的方法是扩大你的 3-bet 范围。不要开始更广泛地跟注,因为很多这些边缘手牌很难实现资产回报。 Widening your calling range is not likely to lead to winning pots. It is much more profitable to punish someone who is open-raising weak hands by widening your 3-betting range. 扩大你的跟注范围不太可能赢得底池。更有利可图的做法是惩罚那些开牌弱手的人,通过扩大你的三倍加注范围。
Examples 例子
To clarify these Big Blind defense fundamentals, let's go through some examples. 澄清这些大盲防御基本原则,让我们通过一些例子来说明。
Hand Example 5
You are in the Big Blind, holding , facing a Button open-raise (Diagram 13). This hand has many different components. However, the quality of the components is very poor. 你在大盲注位置,手持 ,面对庄家的开牌(图表 13)。这手牌有许多不同的组成部分。然而,这些组成部分的质量非常差。
Diagram 13 图表 13
The rank of the cards is very low, which means that this combination will flop hands that are easily dominated, such as bottom two pair, marginal flush draws, or the bottom end of a straight draw. Therefore, this hand should be folded. 牌的等级非常低,这意味着这种组合会翻牌那些很容易被主导的手牌,比如底部的两对、边缘的同花顺牌或者直接牌的底部。因此,这手牌应该弃牌。
Hand Example 6
Now assume you are holding A-10-94 (Diagram 14). 现在假设你手里拿着 A-10-94(图 14)。
Diagram 14 图表 14
Many players would fold this hand because the Ace isn't suited. As discussed before, the importance of holding a suited Ace isn't crucial in heads-up situations; it's more about the realizability of a hand. 许多玩家会弃牌这手牌,因为 A 不是同花的。正如之前讨论的那样,在两人对战的情况下,持有同花 A 的重要性并不是至关重要的;更重要的是手牌的实现性。 This hand has decent connectivity; it holds precisely one suit and some medium and highrank cards. For those reasons, you should call with this hand. If you are facing more than one opponent, folding would be best. 这手牌的连接性还不错;它恰好有一个花色和一些中高等级的牌。因此,你应该跟注这手牌。如果你面对的对手超过一个,最好弃牌。
Hand Example 7
Let's say that now you are holding A -A -A (Diagram 15). 让我们假设现在你手里拿着 A-A-A(图 15)。
This hand has about equity against a Button open raising range, while a hand such as has equity. However, with 10 you should always be 3-betting, whereas with A -A - 4 -4ou can go for a call. The fact that a lower equity hand is 3-betting more often shows how significant the impact of equity realization for the EV of a starting hand is. The realizability of is higher as it is a multi-component hand. It can flop a set, strong two pairs, flush draws, and straight draws. Hands with weak Aces have trouble realizing their equity because they are a one-component hand. 这手牌对于一个庄家开牌范围的加注范围有大约 的股权,而像 这样的手牌有 的股权。然而,有 10 时,你应该总是进行 3-bet,而有 A -A - 4 -4 时,你可以选择跟注。一个较低股权的手牌更频繁地进行 3-bet 表明了股权实现对起手牌 EV 的影响有多么重要。 的可实现性更高,因为它是一个多组分手牌。它可以出现三张,强大的两对,同花顺和顺子。具有弱 A 的手牌难以实现其股权,因为它们是单组分手牌。 You are hoping to flop a decent overpair or top set, but there are not that many boards on which you want to get a lot of chips in when you are holding this hand. 您希望翻出一个体面的高对或顶对,但是当您拿着这手牌时,并不是所有的牌面都适合下大注。
Diagram 15 图表 15
Main Takeaways 主要要点
When you are in the Big Blind and facing a single open-raise, there two primary things you need to consider: 当您在大盲位并面对一个单独的加注时,有两个主要的事情需要考虑:
Your hand's equity. What is the RFI range of your opponent? Is your hand directly dominated by your opponent's range? 您手中的公平性。您对手的 RFI 范围是多少?您的手是否直接被对手的范围所支配?
Your hand's realizability. Is your hand a one-component or multiplecomponent hand? How aggressive is your opponent postflop? 您手的可靠性。您的手是单组件手还是多组件手?对手在翻牌后有多具侵略性?
If you have a hand with many components it becomes easier to realize your equity. The more rake you pay, the tighter your calling range from the Big Blind should be. 如果你手中有许多组成部分,那么实现你的权益就会变得更容易。你支付的佣金越多,大盲注位置的呼注范围就应该越紧。
Your opponent's position and range have a very strong correlation to the EV of defending your Big Blind. 您对手的位置和范围与您保护大盲注的预期价值有很强的相关性。
You shouldn't blindly call with any suited Ace just because you are getting a reasonable price. You need additional backup. 你不应该仅仅因为得到了合理的价格就盲目跟注任何合适的 A,你需要额外的支持。
The main factor to consider when you are thinking about 3-betting from the Big Blind is if it has a strong equity advantage as well as smooth postflop equity distribution. You want to 3-bet hands that will dominate and with high realizability. 在考虑从大盲位进行 3 次加注时,主要要考虑的因素是它是否具有强大的权益优势以及平滑的后翻牌权益分配。您希望 3 次加注的手牌能够占优势,并且具有较高的实现性。
Defending the Big Blind Versus Multiple Players 保卫大盲注对抗多名玩家
A scenario that is especially common at the low stakes and in live games is that you will very often face an open-raise and multiple callers. Therefore, you must understand how to adjust your Big Blind ranges when facing multiple players. 低赌注和现场游戏中特别常见的情况是,你经常会面对一个开盘加注和多个跟注者。因此,当面对多名玩家时,你必须了解如何调整你的大盲注范围。
The Big Blind is supposed to fold much more when facing two players compared to just one. A common mistake that PLO players make is to call way too wide when facing multiple players in the Big Blind because the odds are excellent. 大盲注在面对两名玩家时应该比面对一名玩家时要折牌得多。 PLO 玩家常犯的一个错误是在大盲注面对多名玩家时过于宽松地跟注,因为赔率非常优秀。 However, when you are playing multiway pots, you want your hands to be more nutted in order to dominate your opponents. If you start to widen your range, you will become the dominated player yourself, and this is a slippery slope to burning a lot of chips. 然而,当你参与多路赌注时,你希望你的手牌更强,以便主导你的对手。如果你开始扩大你的范围,你将成为被主导的玩家,这是一个消耗大量筹码的泥泞斜坡。
Playing against multiple opponents requires you to pay more attention to the quality of your starting hand, as it needs to hold up against more opponents. When you are in the Big Blind and you are facing an EP openraise, you should play about 50 % of your hands. 与多个对手对战需要您更加关注起手牌的质量,因为它需要经得起更多对手的考验。当您处于大盲位并面对早期加注时,您应该打约 50%的手牌。 However, versus an EP raise and a Button call, you should only play about half that. Failing to make this adjustment will cost you tons of money and you will be gifting the other two players a lot of EV. 然而,与 EP 加注和 Button 跟注相比,你应该只玩大约一半。如果未能做出这种调整,将会让你损失大量金钱,并且你会给其他两名玩家带来很多 EV。
If you are facing more than two players, your ranges should become even tighter. The hands you decide to play need to be very nutted. This can be a frustrating experience in small stakes games because it requires you to be patient when everyone else at the table isn't. 如果你面对的玩家超过两个,你的范围应该变得更紧。你决定玩的手牌需要非常强。在小注游戏中,这可能是一种令人沮丧的经历,因为这需要你在桌子上其他人都不耐烦时保持耐心。 But remember that most of your profit comes from situations where you do have a big hand, raise or re-raise preflop and benefit from your opponents' loose preflop ranges by dominating and stacking them postflop. 但请记住,大部分利润来自于你手中有大牌、在翻牌前加注或再加注,并通过支配对手宽松的翻牌范围,在翻牌后将他们叠加起来的情况。
There is less variance in heads-up pots because you can win pots more often but you should always focus on what you can control. Ensure you are playing the correct range composition for the scenario you are about to head into. 在对决局中,头奖的变化较小,因为你可以更频繁地赢得奖池,但你应始终专注于自己能控制的事情。确保你在即将进入的情景中玩的是正确的手牌范围组合。 So, which hands are best for squeezing from the Big Blind? 那么,从大盲注位置挤压的最佳手牌是哪些?
Squeezing from the Big Blind 从大盲注挤压
Squeezing is when you face a raiser and a caller and you decide to 3-bet. You are "squeezing" the caller or callers. Overall, when the Big Blind is facing an open-raise from the Cutoff and a cold call from the Button, the Big Blind is supposed to fold , call and 3 -bet (squeeze) about . 挤压是指当你面对一个加注者和一个跟注者,然后你决定进行 3 次加注。你在“挤压”跟注者。总的来说,当大盲面对来自 Cutoff 的开牌加注和来自 Button 的冷跟注时,大盲应该弃牌 ,跟注 ,并进行 3 次加注(挤压)约 。
When deciding whether to squeeze, consider the following points: 在决定是否挤压时,请考虑以下几点:
How many capped ranges are in play? 有多少个封顶范围在游戏中?
Squeezing components. Specifically is my hand: 挤压组件。具体来说是我的手:
Double-suited? 双色牌?
Nutted? 坚果?
Well-connected?
Blocking Aces? 阻挡 Aces?
Can my hand call a 4-bet? 我的手可以跟注 4 倍吗?
The more capped ranges that are in play, the more value you can get from your good hands. As more players enter the pot, the SPR will be lower postflop. This allows you to realize more of your equity postflop in a squeezed pot. 玩得越多,您可以从好手中获得的价值就越大。随着更多玩家进入奖池,后翻牌时的 SPR 将更低。这使您能够在挤压奖池中更多地实现您的权益后翻牌。 This means there is a big difference between facing one raiser and one caller rather than one raiser and three callers. In small stakes games, this is especially important. 这意味着面对一个加注者和一个跟注者与面对一个加注者和三个跟注者之间存在很大的差异。在小注额游戏中,这一点尤为重要。
Squeezing Components
It isn't necessary for your hand to feature all four components to justify a squeeze. However, the more components you have, the more likely it is that you are holding a hand that should be squeezed. 你的手不一定要具备所有四个组成部分才能进行挤压。然而,你拥有的组成部分越多,就越有可能是一手应该挤压的牌。
Being double-suited, connected and nutted is a powerful combo. It means that you will often hit strong dominating hands postflop that can, in low SPR scenarios, happily stack off on many different flops against multiple opponents. 双色牌、连牌和坚果牌的组合是非常强大的。这意味着你经常会在后翻牌时获得强大的主导手牌,可以在低 SPR 情况下愉快地对抗多个对手在许多不同的翻牌上全押。 This is a great scenario to be in versus capped, wide calling ranges, especially in loose passive games where hands with low realizability are being played. 这是一个很好的情况,与有上限、广泛的呼叫范围相比,尤其是在松散被动的游戏中,低实现性手牌被打出。
Another factor that you might want to consider is the ability of a hand to call 4-bets. This is not as important as the other factors but worth considering. 您可能想考虑的另一个因素是手牌叫 4 倍加注的能力。这并不像其他因素那么重要,但也值得考虑。 If you can't call a 4-bet, squeezing is less attractive because when you fold against a 4-bet, you give up on a big pot without having the chance to realize 如果你无法跟注 4-bet,那么挤牌就不那么吸引人,因为当你在面对 4-bet 时弃牌时,你放弃了一个大底池的机会
your equity. Blocking Aces by having an Ace in your hand is good because you will get 4-bet less often. If you do get 4-bet, its important to know which A-x-x-x hands can call and which should be folded. Let's look at some examples. 您的资产。如果您手中有一张 A,那么通过阻止对手的 A 来进行 4-bet 是很好的,因为这样您会更少地遭遇 4-bet。如果您确实遭遇了 4-bet,重要的是要知道哪些 A-x-x-x 手牌可以跟注,哪些应该弃牌。让我们看一些例子。
Hand Example 8
You are in the Big Blind with A-K-K-2 and you are facing an openraise from MP and calls from the Cutoff and Button (Diagram 16). 您在大盲位拿着 A-K-K-2,面对中位玩家的加注和截位以及庄家的跟注(图表 16)。
Diagram 16 图表 16
In general, this hand should be squeezed. It is blocking Aces and has a lot of nuttiness with a potential set of Kings, the nut flush draw and the A-K component. 通常情况下,这手牌应该被挤压。它挡住了 A 牌,并且有很多坚果牌,潜在的 K 牌套牌,坚果同花顺牌和 A-K 组合。 This hand can dominate lower pairs and lower flush draws in low SPR situations which means that you will often get all the money in good. This hand also realizes its equity better in a low SPR situation, where it doesn't necessarily have to hit a set to justify stacking off. 这只手可以在低 SPR 情况下主导较低的对子和较低的同花顺抽牌,这意味着你经常会得到所有的好钱。这只手在低 SPR 情况下也更好地实现了其权益,不一定要命中一个三条才能堆叠。 However, when this hand is facing a 4-bet, you should fold because it is doing extremely badly against 4-betting ranges heavy in Aces. This example illustrates that some hands can be very profitable squeezes, but they still have to fold against 4-bets. 然而,当这只手面对 4-bet 时,你应该弃牌,因为它在面对以 A 为主的 4-betting 范围时表现非常糟糕。这个例子说明了一些手牌可能是非常有利可图的榨牌,但它们仍然必须在面对 4-bet 时弃牌。
Hand Example 9
You are in the Big Blind with A -5 and you are facing an openraise from MP and calls from the Cutoff and Button (Diagram 17). 您在大盲位持有 A -5,面对中位玩家的加注以及截止位和按钮位的跟注(图 17)。
Diagram 17 图表 17
This hand is double-suited with Ace-high and King-high suits, so it has nutted components. Holding the Ace means that you are blocking Aces which makes it less likely you will get 4-bet. 这只手是双色的,有 A 高和 K 高的花色,因此它有最强的组成部分。拿着 A 意味着你挡住了 A,这样你被 4-bet 的可能性就会降低。 The connectivity isn't the best but the Ace and the King are connected, as are the seven and five. Remember that you don't need to rate your hand highly on all four parameters outlined previously. 连接性不是最好的,但是 A 和 K 是连接的,7 和 5 也是连接的。记住,你不需要在之前概述的四个参数中高度评价你的手牌。 However, by using the four parameters, it becomes clear that this hand could be squeezed in this specific scenario. Nevertheless, if you were facing an early position raise, you would rather just call. Again, this hand should fold versus a 4-bet. 然而,通过使用这四个参数,很明显这手牌可以在这种特定情况下被挤压。然而,如果你面对的是一个早期加注,你宁愿只是跟注。再次强调,这手牌应该对抗 4 次加注。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
The Big Blind is supposed to fold much more when facing two players compared to just one. 大盲注在面对两名玩家时应该比面对一名玩家时要多弃牌。
If you are facing more than two players, your ranges should become even tighter and you should calibrate your range towards even more nuttiness. 如果你面对的玩家超过两个,你的范围应该变得更紧,并且你应该调整你的范围朝着更多的坚果手牌。
The Big Blind wants to keep a tight calling range to avoid being dominated postflop while out of position. 大盲注希望保持紧密的跟注范围,以避免在位置不利的情况下被主导。
When it comes to squeezing, ask yourself: 当涉及挤压时,请问自己:
How many capped ranges are in play? 有多少个封顶范围在游戏中?
Squeezing components. Specifically is my hand: 挤压组件。具体来说是我的手:
Double-suited? 双色牌?
Nutted? 坚果?
Well-connected?
Blocking Aces? 阻挡 Aces?
Can my hand call a 4-bet? 我的手可以跟注 4 倍吗?
Preflop Categories 翻牌前分类
So far in this book we have discussed the most important preflop concepts. In the following material, we will go into more detail about how to play preflop by separating all the possible starting hands into nine different categories. These nine categories are: 到目前为止,在这本书中,我们已经讨论了最重要的翻牌前概念。在接下来的材料中,我们将更详细地讨论如何通过将所有可能的起手牌分为九个不同的类别来打翻牌。这九个类别是:
Aces 王牌
Broadway pairs
Three Broadways with one dangler
Double-paired 双对的
Rundowns
Two Broadway with two medium-low connectors 两个 Broadway 带有两个中低连接器
Three card rundowns and a Broadway card 三张牌的排列和一张大道牌
Mid-low pairs 中低对
Ragged hands 破烂的手
The next nine sections will contain a lot of detailed information as well as a lot of numbers, and you might feel overwhelmed because of this. 接下来的九个部分将包含大量详细信息和大量数字,您可能会因此感到不知所措。 The way to approach this part of the book is not to learn all numbers by heart; a much more efficient method is to understand the underlying concepts and patterns. 阅读这本书的方法不是死记所有数字;更有效的方法是理解其中的概念和模式。 The purpose of the nine categories is to help you build an understanding of what factors drive specific actions and how those factors differ depending on the type of hand that you are holding. 九个类别的目的是帮助您建立对推动特定行动的因素以及这些因素如何因您所持有的手牌类型而异的理解。
Let's start with the first and easiest category. 让我们从第一个和最容易的类别开始。
Category One: Aces
Introduction 介绍
Aces are the most profitable preflop category in PLO. A lot of players who transition from NLHE to PLO believe that Aces are not nearly as strong in PLO when compared to NLHE because equities run closer. Aces 是 PLO 中利润最丰厚的起手牌类别。许多从 NLHE 转向 PLO 的玩家认为,与 NLHE 相比,Aces 在 PLO 中并不那么强大,因为股权更接近。 Although this is true, and Aces don't have as big of an advantage in PLO, they will still be by far your most profitable hand. 尽管这是真的,而且在 PLO 中,Aces 并没有那么大的优势,但它们仍然是你最赚钱的手牌。
Hands with Aces can vary greatly in terms of their quality. This category includes all hands with exactly two Aces. It does not include two pair hands (e.g. A-A-K-K), or hands that include three or even all four Aces. 手中有 A 的手牌在质量上可能有很大的差异。这个类别包括所有手中恰好有两张 A 的手牌。它不包括两对手牌(例如 A-A-K-K),也不包括包含三张甚至所有四张 A 的手牌。 In total, this category has the highest raw equity advantage of any of the nine categories. In fact, the best Aces belong in the top of hands in PLO. These are often double-suited, connected or even both (e.g. A ). 总的来说,这个类别具有九个类别中最高的原始权益优势。实际上,在 PLO 中,最好的 Aces 属于手牌中的前 。这些牌通常是双色、相连或两者兼而有之(例如 A )。
The average rank of Aces is , which means that "average Aces" belong in the top of hands. Even A -A - -2 , one of the worst hands that includes exactly two Aces, still ranks in the top of hands. Aces 的平均排名为 ,这意味着“平均 Aces”属于前 手牌。即使是 A-A--2,其中包含两张 Aces 的最差手牌之一,仍然排在前 手牌之中。
Raise First-in Strategy 首次进入策略
This category has a very simple RFI strategy. You want to open of the time when you are holding two Aces in your starting hand. No matter what position you are in. 这个类别有一个非常简单的 RFI 策略。当你手中拿着两个 A 时,你想要 时间开牌。无论你处于什么位置。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
When you are holding Aces, you should never fold when facing a single open-raise preflop. When you are in middle position and facing an early position open-raise, you almost always want to 3-bet. Calculations show that you should 3-bet of the time to be precise. There are a few reasons why you should almost always 3-bet with Aces. 当你手里有 A 时,在面对单个翻牌前注时,你永远不应该弃牌。当你处于中间位置并面对早期位置的翻牌时,你几乎总是想要 3-bet。计算显示,你应该 3-bet 的时间才准确。有几个原因说明为什么你几乎总是应该用 A 进行 3-bet。
First of all, Aces usually have a very strong equity edge, so you benefit from extracting as much value as possible. 首先,A 牌通常具有非常强大的权益优势,因此您应尽可能多地提取价值。 Second, by 3-betting you are reopening the action, which allows someone to come over the top with a 4bet, allowing you to build a huge pot with an equity advantage. Third, by 3- 第二,通过 3-betting,您重新开启了行动,这使得有人可以用 4bet 超越您,从而让您在资产优势下建立一个巨大的底池。第三,通过 3-
betting you create fold equity. If your opponent folds their hand against your 3-bet, you pick up the blinds and the initial open-raise uncontested, which results in a huge win for that situation. 赌注你创造了折叠权益。如果你的对手在你的 3-bet 时弃牌,你就可以获得盲注和初始开牌的胜利,这将在那种情况下带来巨大的胜利。
Finally, Aces play much better in low SPR situations compared to high ones. Aces don't score very well when it comes to realizability of equity because most Aces don't flop very smooth. 最后,与高 SPR 情况相比,Aces 在低 SPR 情况下表现要好得多。当涉及权益的实现性时,Aces 的得分并不很高,因为大多数 Aces 在翻牌时并不很顺利。 But at a low SPR you can realize more equity since you will have to play fewer streets and therefore make fewer postflop decisions. 但是在低 SPR 下,您可以实现更多的公平性,因为您将不得不玩更少的街道,因此做出更少的后翻决定。
A final point to make is that when you are in middle position, it is generally not very profitable to cold call because postflop you will often be sandwiched between the PFR and the Button or Cutoff who will frequently cold call after you have cold called. 一个最后要提的观点是,当你处于中间位置时,通常不太有利可图地冷呼叫,因为在翻牌后,你经常会被 PFR 和按钮或 Cutoff 夹在中间,而在你冷呼叫之后,他们经常会冷呼叫。
Although you should almost always 3-bet when you are holding Aces, there are four situations where it can be more profitable to call. 尽管你几乎总是应该在手中拿着 A 时进行 3 次加注,但有四种情况下更有利可图的是跟注。
When you have weak Aces and are either: 当您拥有弱的 A 和以下情况之一时:
In position with little chance that you can get 4-bet light. 在位置上,几乎没有机会进行 4-bet 轻松。
Out of position and the flop SPR after 3-betting would still be higher than 3. In this scenario you don't want to build a big pot because you will often be put in tough spots postflop. You will end up folding a lot and under-realizing your equity. 在位置不对的情况下,3-bet 后翻牌后的 SPR 仍然会高于 3。在这种情况下,您不希望建立一个大底池,因为您经常会在翻牌后陷入困境。您最终会经常弃牌,并且未能充分实现您的权益。
If players at your table are very loose, and 3-bets get cold-called frequently, it might be better to just flat marginal Aces because you can't avoid a multiway pot. 如果你桌上的玩家非常松散,而且 3-bet 经常被冷打,那么最好只是平跟边缘的 Aces,因为你无法避免多路底池。
If the players at your table play very aggressively or if you have a lot of short-stacked players behind, it might be worth it to trap with Aces in order to be able to come over the top of a squeeze. 如果你桌上的玩家打得非常激进,或者你身后有很多筹码短缺的玩家,可能值得用 Aces 陷阱来应对挤牌。
The Aces that you want to use to call all have some combination of: 您想使用的 A 牌都具有以下一些组合:
Three cards of the same suit (trip-suited) 相同花色的三张牌(三同花)
A very low suit without any additional connectivity 一个非常低的套装,没有任何额外的连接
No cards of the same suit (rainbow). 没有相同花色的牌(彩虹)。
Note that not all Aces with bad suits and connectivity just call, only the 请注意,并非所有花色和连通性不佳的 A 牌都只是跟注
worst of the worst ones do. As the original open-raiser gets closer to the Button and widens his range, you should be 3-betting closer to of your Aces. 最糟糕的人做。随着原始的开牌者靠近按钮并扩大他的范围,你应该更接近 的你的 A。
Examples of hands that you should call with preflop are: 你应该在起手圈跟注的手牌示例有:
- 4 .
This hand has no additional high cards or connectivity and blocks its ability to make flushes by holding three spades. Although most Aces benefit from 3-betting to create a bigger pot at a lower SPR, this hand should just be called. 这只手没有额外的高牌或连贯性,并通过持有三张黑桃牌阻碍了其形成同花的能力。尽管大多数 A 都受益于三倍加注以在较低的 SPR 下创造更大的底池,但这只手应该只是跟注。 This hand is holding no additional backup, which means that there are too few good flops for this hand to justify inflating the pot by 3-betting. 这只手没有额外的备份,这意味着这只手的好翻牌太少,无法通过 3-betting 来增加底池。
A⿻-A - -5 - 3 .
This hand has no high cards and no way to make a flush. Again, the equity realizability of this hand is very bad and, for that reason, this hand should not be used to inflate the pot. You should call. 这只手没有高牌,也没有组成同花的可能。再次强调,这只手的公平性实现性非常糟糕,因此不应该用来吹大底池。你应该跟注。
Exploitative Tip
Take the tendencies of the original raiser and the players behind you into account. If the initial open-raiser doesn't fold to 3-bets, you should be 3betting of all A-A-x-x combinations. The initial open-raiser is supposed to fold a lot of their Broadway pairs, but if they don't, you can make a lot of money with all your Aces because you will very often dominate their Kings and Queens hands. 考虑原始加注者和你身后的玩家的倾向。如果最初的开牌者不对 3 倍加注折叠,你应该对所有 A-A-x-x 组合进行 3 倍加注 。最初的开牌者应该对他们的 Broadway 对折叠很多,但如果他们不这样做,你可以用你所有的 A 来赚很多钱,因为你很可能会支配他们的 K 和 Q 手牌。
If the players behind you play very loose, you will have to adjust your strategy. Aces with very weak backup don't want to get into a multiway 3-bet pot. 如果你身后的玩家玩得很松,你就必须调整你的策略。带有非常薄弱后援的 A 牌不想进入多路 3-bet 局。 In this case, it could make sense to widen your calling range and include some more Aces that don't have many additional components. 在这种情况下,扩大您的呼叫范围并包括一些没有太多额外组件的 A 牌可能是有意义的。 On the other hand, if there is a maniac on the left of you who is 3-betting every hand you might also want to consider cold-calling preflop in order to give the maniac the option to squeeze and get the money in light. 另一方面,如果你左边有一个疯子,他每手都在 3-bet,你可能也想考虑在翻牌前冷静地跟注,以便给疯子一个挤牌的机会,并轻松地把钱放进去。
Big Blind Versus One Opponent 大盲注对一名对手
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
About of all Aces should be called in the Big Blind versus an EP openraise. The types of Aces that want to call instead of 3-betting are the ones with the worst playability and the lowest equity advantage. 关于所有 A 中的 应该在大盲位对面早期加注时跟注。那些想要跟注而不是三倍加注的 A 的类型是那些可玩性最差、权益优势最低的。
When you are 3-betting OOP, you want to stack off postflop as often as possible and fold as little as possible because you don't want to give up easily in big pots. 当你在 3-betting OOP 时,你希望尽可能经常在后翻牌时全押,并尽可能少地弃牌,因为你不想轻易放弃大底池。 Aces without much playability are better off played by keeping the pot small because they don't hit a lot of flops and therefore must often give up. When you are in the Big Blind, you already know how many players you will face postflop as there are no players behind you. 玩性不高的 A 牌最好保持小注,因为它们不会命中很多翻牌,因此经常需要放弃。当你在大盲位时,你已经知道你将在翻牌后面对多少玩家,因为你身后没有其他玩家。 So, 3-betting to get other players out of the pot is no longer a valid reason. An example of a hand that would rather call against an early position open-raise is A -A -10-2. This hand doesn't have a great suit, and it has very little connectivity, which makes calling the most profitable option. 因此,3-betting 以让其他玩家退出底池不再是一个有效的理由。一个更倾向于对抗早期位置开牌的手牌的例子是 A -A -10-2。这手牌没有很好的花色,而且连接性很差,这使得跟注成为最赚钱的选择。
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
The Button range is much wider than the Early Position open raising range. Therefore, the equity advantage with Aces becomes more significant and the Big Blind wants to 3-bet more Aces versus a Button open-raise compared to an Early Position open-raise. 按钮范围比早期位置的开牌范围要广得多。因此,持有 A 牌的资产优势变得更加显著,大盲想要对按钮的开牌加注更多 A 牌,而不是对早期位置的开牌加注。 Against a Button raise, the Big Blind is only supposed to call with the absolute worst rainbow Aces that don't have good connectivity or that do have connectivity, but with very low cards. Two examples of Aces that should call from the Big Blind against a Button openraise are and . 对于一个按钮加注,大盲只应该跟注 绝对最差的彩色 A,这些 A 要么没有很好的连贯性,要么有连贯性,但是牌面很低。大盲应该跟注按钮的开牌的两个例子是 和 。
BB Versus Two Opponents (BB Versus Button and MP) BB 对抗两个对手(BB 对抗按钮和 MP)
The GTO baseline is to 3-bet all Aces combinations against one raiser and one caller. When multiple players have already entered the pot, the Big Blind can 3-bet to a bigger sizing meaning that the SPR will be lower compared to heads-up pots. GTO 基线是对一个加注者和一个跟注者进行 3-bet 所有 Aces 组合。当已经有多名玩家进入底池时,大盲可以进行 3-bet 以更大的尺寸,这意味着与头对头底池相比,SPR 将更低。 A lower SPR implies that it is easier for the Big Blind to play postflop. For Aces without many additional components, playing at a low SPR is exceptionally advantageous. 较低的 SPR 意味着大盲更容易在翻牌后玩牌。对于没有太多额外组件的 A,以较低的 SPR 玩牌是非常有利的。
There is a further reason why the Big Blind 3-bets more often versus multiple players. It is because the initial open-raiser should fold around against a Big Blind squeeze in this scenario. Having a lot of fold equity makes 3-betting much more profitable. But pay attention! In most small stakes games, you have less fold equity and should be cautious about 3betting marginal hands such as naked Aces. 大盲注更频繁地对多名玩家进行 3 次加注的另一个原因是因为在这种情况下,初始开牌者应该在大盲注挤牌时放弃 。拥有很高的弃牌权益使得 3 次加注更具盈利性。但要注意!在大多数小盲注游戏中,你的弃牌权益较低,应该谨慎对待像单张 A 牌这样的边缘手牌进行 3 次加注。 It's not the same to squeeze 挤压并不相同
against a solid regular at a mid-stakes game, than against a loose recreational player who won't consider folding preflop versus a 3-bet. Take this into account whenever you are thinking about squeezing preflop. 在中等赌注游戏中,与一个稳健的常规选手对抗,比与一个松散的休闲玩家对抗更容易,后者在面对 3-bet 时不会考虑弃牌。每当您考虑挤压前翻时,请考虑这一点。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB): Slowplaying Aces 面对 3-bet IP(Cutoff 对 SB):慢慢玩 Aces
When you are in position and facing a 3-bet, GTO suggests that you should call with between and of all Aces, depending on the exact situation. You should 4-bet with all remaining Aces. Most players 4-bet 100% of their Aces when they are facing a 3-bet, but you should add in some Aces into your calling range. 当您处于位置并面对 3-bet 时,GTO 建议您根据具体情况,应该用 到 的所有 A 中的牌进行跟注。您应该用所有剩余的 A 进行 4-bet。大多数玩家在面对 3-bet 时会 4-bet 100%的 A,但您应该在跟注范围中加入一些 A。
The main advantages of flatting some Aces preflop are as follows: 一些 A 牌在翻牌前平注的主要优势如下:
Firstly, you want to stack your opponents as often as possible when they are holding big Broadway pairs such as K-K and Q-Q. 首先,当对手持有像 K-K 和 Q-Q 这样的大型 Broadway 对时,您希望尽可能频繁地堆叠对手。 Aces are completely dominating these Broadway pairs but by 4-betting you give your opponents the chance to fold and get away cheaply, which leads to a loss in EV. Aces 完全控制这些 Broadway 对,但通过 4-betting,你给了对手折牌并便宜脱身的机会,这导致 EV 损失。
Secondly, when you 4-bet preflop, you make quite a big investment with your hand. In 4-bet pots, you play with very shallow stacks and you want to make sure that you can stack-off as often as possible in these big pots. 其次,当你在翻牌前 4 倍加注时,你用手牌进行了相当大的投资。在 4 倍加注的底池中,你的筹码堆很浅,你希望尽可能经常地在这些大底池中全押。 To avoid building massive pots and folding postflop, some of the weaker Aces find their way into the calling range. 为了避免建立大量的锅并在后翻牌时折叠,一些较弱的 A 都会进入跟注范围。
GTO assumes that players out of position are folding of the time when they face a 4-bet after 3-betting themselves. In reality, most players fold against 4-bets with a much lower frequency. In fact, most players will probably never fold against a 4-bet after 3-betting. GTO 假设玩家在位置不利时,在他们自己 3-bet 后面对 4-bet 时有 的概率弃牌。实际上,大多数玩家在面对 4-bet 时折牌的频率要低得多。事实上,大多数玩家可能永远不会在 3-bet 后面对 4-bet 时弃牌。 For this reason, it can be an excellent exploitative adjustment to call less than of your Aces preflop versus a 3-bet when you are in position. If your opponents underfold against 4-bets, it means that you can get a lot of money in with Aces that are often holding a significant equity advantage. 因此,在位置时,与 3-bet 相比,可以很好地调整策略,不要在翻牌前下注少于 的 Aces。如果你的对手在面对 4-bet 时不够激进,这意味着你可以用持有显著权益优势的 Aces 赢得很多钱。
I recommend that you call with about of your Aces when you are 100bb deep and facing a 3-bet when you are in position. Call with Aces that are holding two wheel cards or two cards that are very close to wheel cards, for example A -A - (wheel cards) or A (close to wheel cards). Suits don't have a significant impact in this scenario; it's all about the rank of your side cards. You want to call with these hands for a few reasons. 我建议当您深入 100bb 并处于有利位置时,面对 3-bet 时,您应该用大约 的 A 牌来打电话。打电话时,要选择持有两张轮盘牌或两张非常接近轮盘牌的 A 牌,例如 A-A-(轮盘牌)或 A (接近轮盘牌)。在这种情况下,花色并不会产生重大影响;重要的是您手牌的等级。您应该出于几个原因打电话。
Firstly, Aces with wheel cards have the fewest number of flops on which you want to stack-off postflop. Therefore, building a large pot by 4-betting isn't as preferable nor as profitable. For example, A-A-2-5 is doing poorly on 首先,带轮牌的 Aces 在你想要在后翻牌时全推的翻牌数量最少。因此,通过 4-betting 建立一个大底池并不像以前那样可取,也不那么有利可图。例如,A-A-2-5 在表现上不佳。
connected mid-high flops, such as 9-8-5, Q-10-6, and K-Q-8. 连接的中高牌,例如 9-8-5,Q-10-6 和 K-Q-8。
Secondly, flatting Aces with wheel cards will allow you to stack your opponent's overpairs while having a considerable equity advantage when the flop comes with low cards such as . At an SPR of 3.5 (3-bet pot at 100bb), your opponent is supposed to play very aggressively and often potsize c-bet with all overpairs on such low, dry boards. When this happens, you can often get all the money in with equity when holding Aces with wheel cards. 其次,用轮牌打平 Aces 将使您能够在翻牌出现低牌时(例如 )堆叠对手的 overpairs,同时具有相当大的权益优势。在 SPR 为 3.5(100bb 的 3-bet pot)时,您的对手应该非常激进地玩牌,并经常在这种低、干燥的牌局上用全筹码下注。当这种情况发生时,您通常可以在持有 Aces 和轮牌时以 的权益将所有筹码都下注。
Remember, you seldom want to just call with Aces that also hold an additional Broadway card. One of the main reasons for slowplaying Aces is to stack your opponent when they hold a Broadway pair, so you don't want to block these Broadway pairs when you decide to slowplay. 记住,你很少想要只用持有额外的 Broadway 牌的 Aces 来跟注。慢玩 Aces 的主要原因之一是在对手持有 Broadway 对时堆叠对手,所以当你决定慢玩时,你不想阻挡这些 Broadway 对。
Exploitative Tip
If the player who 3-bets you never folds to 4-bets, you should go ahead and 4-bet (almost) all Aces because your opponent will call with hands that you completely dominate. 如果对手 3-bet 你后从不 fold 到 4-bet,那么你应该继续 4-bet(几乎)所有的 A,因为你的对手会用那些你完全压制的手牌跟注。 If the 3-bettor is a complete maniac, you should also get the money in because you will do very well versus their all-in range. 如果 3-bettor 是一个彻底的疯子,你也应该把钱放进去,因为你对他们的全押范围表现得非常出色。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
When you are out of position, you should 4-bet of the time. Out of position, it becomes much harder to realize your equity and, therefore, it is less profitable to slowplay Aces preflop in order to dominate and stack your opponent postflop. Just 4-bet and get the remaining money in on most flops. 当你处于位置不利时,你应该 4-bet 的时间。在位置不利的情况下,要实现你的权益就变得更加困难,因此,慢慢玩起手牌 Aces 以主导并在后翻牌时堆叠对手的盈利性就会降低。只需 4-bet 并在大多数翻牌时将剩余的筹码全部下注。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
With Aces, you are almost always benefiting from getting all the money in preflop because you will always have an equity advantage unless your opponent is holding better Aces. So, whenever you are facing a 4-bet while holding Aces, you should 5-bet to get the money in. 有了 Aces,你几乎总是从在翻牌前把所有的钱都拿到中受益,因为你总是具有资产优势,除非你的对手拿着更好的 Aces。所以,每当你拿着 Aces 面对 4-bet 时,你应该 5-bet 以把钱拿下。
Category Two: Broadway Pairs 第二类:百老汇双人组合
Introduction 介绍
This category includes all hands that are holding a Broadway pair, excluding Aces, two pair hands, and hands with three or four cards of the same rank. There are a total of 25,433 different hands in this category, which means that you get dealt one of these hands about of the time. 该类别包括所有持有 Broadway 对的手牌,不包括 Aces、两对手牌以及三张或四张相同等级牌的手牌。在这个类别中总共有 25,433 种不同的手牌,这意味着你大约 的时间会被发到这些手牌之一。
This category is relatively strong but also very diverse. The hand with the highest EV in this category is -K -J , which ranks in the top of hands. The average rank of this category is . 这个类别相对强大,但也非常多样化。在这个类别中,具有最高 EV 的手牌是 -K -J ,在手牌中排名前 。这个类别的平均排名是 。
Players learning PLO often overvalue Broadway pairs. Although hands such as Kings and Queens are quite profitable when played correctly, they can also get you into trouble, especially if you systematically overplay them. 玩家学习 PLO 时经常高估 Broadway 对。尽管像国王和皇后这样的手牌在正确玩法时相当有利可图,但如果你系统地过度使用它们,也可能会让你陷入麻烦。 However, in this section, we will discuss how to avoid this common pitfall. 然而,在这一部分,我们将讨论如何避免这个常见的陷阱。
RFI strategy
Early Position 早期位置
From EP, only about of the hands that belong in this category should be open-raised. There are some traits that all hands that want to open-raise have in common. 从 EP,只有大约 属于这个类别的手应该被开牌。所有想要开牌的手都有一些共同的特征。
The first is the importance of having an Ace. A hand with two Kings but without an Ace only wants to open-raise of the time. If you are holding an Ace alongside your Kings, you want to open-raise 100%! This concept is very similar when it comes to Queens, Jacks, or Tens. Although you don't want to open of these pairs with an Ace, the open raising frequency drastically increases when you do hold an Ace compared to not holding an Ace. 首先是拥有一张 A 的重要性。一手有两个国王但没有 A 的牌只想要开牌 的时间。如果你手里有 A 和国王,你想要 100%开牌!当涉及到皇后、J 或 10 时,这个概念非常相似。虽然你不想要用 A 开 这些对子之一,但当你手里有 A 时,与没有 A 时相比,开牌频率大幅增加。
The reason why the Ace is such an important component is simple. When you are holding a high pocket pair, you hate to get 3-bet because you are so often up against, and dominated by, Aces. Ace 如此重要的原因很简单。当你拿着一对高牌时,你讨厌被 3-bet,因为你很容易遇到,并被 Aces 支配。 Holding an Ace makes it less likely that one of your opponents has Aces, and therefore decreases the chance that you will face a 3-bet preflop. Given that you can also hit a top pair with an Ace on the flop, the EV of open raising a Broadway pair is much 持有一张 A 牌会减少对手中有 A 牌的可能性,从而降低你在翻牌前面临 3-bet 的机会。考虑到你也可以在翻牌时用 A 牌命中顶对,开局时提高一对大牌的 EV 值。
higher when you are holding an Ace. 当你手里有一张 A 时,牌面更高。
Although Queens are not as strong as Kings, with A-Q-Q-x, you still want to open-raise very close to . When you are holding Jacks or Tens plus an Ace, you want to open slightly less frequently. To be specific, only the top of all Jacks and Tens with an Ace should be raised. You want to fold the Jacks and Tens with the worst suitedness or connectivity. 虽然皇后不如国王强大,但有 A-Q-Q-x,你仍然希望开牌率非常接近 。当你手中有 J 或 10 加上一个 A 时,你希望稍微减少开牌频率。具体来说,只有所有带有 A 的 J 和 10 中的前 应该被加注。你希望弃掉最差的花色或连接性的 J 和 10。
When you are not holding an Ace, the rank of your pair becomes much more important. Without an Ace, you want to raise close to of all Kings, but only about of Tens. The Tens you do want to open-raise have either high suits, great connectivity or both. 当你没有一张 A 时,你的一对的等级变得更加重要。没有 A,你想要加注接近 的所有国王,但只有大约 的十。你想要开牌加注的十要么有高花色,要么有很好的连贯性,或者两者兼具。
An example of Tens without an Ace that you want to open-raise is 10 10-9-8. This hand is exactly single-suited to the ten, and it is well connected, meaning that you can call a 3-bet with it. An example of a hand that you don't want to open-raise with is . This hand looks nice because it is double-suited but the connectivity is very marginal given the deuce is a total dangler. This hand can't call 3-bets and it also doesn't do that well in multiway pots due to the lack of nuttiness. You want to fold this hand preflop. 没有 A 的 Tens 的一个开牌示例是 10 10-9-8。这手牌完全适合十,而且连接性很好,意味着你可以跟注 3-bet。一个不想开牌的手牌示例是 。这手牌看起来不错,因为是双花色的,但连接性非常边缘,因为二是一个完全无用的牌。这手牌不能跟注 3-bet,也在多路池中表现不佳,因为缺乏最佳牌型。你应该在翻牌前弃牌。
Additional Notes: 附加说明:
When you are holding a suited Ace alongside your Broadway pair, you want to open-raise very close to (except for some of the worst tripsuited or monotone pocket pairs). If you open-raise from EP, the chance that you will end up playing a multiway pot is high and, with a suited Ace, your hand will do much better in multiway pots. 当您手中拿着一对 Broadway 牌时,您希望开局加注非常接近 (除了一些最差的三张同花或单色口袋对)。如果您从 EP 位置开局加注,那么您最终会参与多方底池的机会很高,并且拿着一对 Broadway 牌,您的手牌在多方底池中表现会更好。
When you are holding pocket pairs with two cards that are five or lower you almost always want to fold. With such low cards, your hand is disconnected, not very nutted, and raising from early position becomes unprofitable. 当你手中拿着口袋对时,两张牌的点数都是五或更低,你几乎总是想要弃牌。由于牌面较低,你的手牌是不连贯的,不太有优势,并且在早期位置加注变得不赚钱。
Button 按钮
As you get closer to the Button, you should start opening much wider. On the Button, you are supposed to open-raise about of all Broadway pairs, an increase from when playing EP. An example of a hand that should be folded, even from the Button, is . The equity realizability of this hand is very poor because it has very few great flops. You should just fold this hand, especially at small stakes or live games with loose opponents. 当您靠近按钮时,您应该开始更广泛地开牌。在按钮上,您应该开牌大约 的所有 Broadway 对,这比在早期位置玩牌时增加了 。一个应该弃牌的手牌的例子,即使在按钮上,是 。这手牌的权益实现性非常差,因为它几乎没有很好的翻牌。您应该放弃这手牌,尤其是在小注或与松散对手玩的现场游戏中。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
When you sit in MP and a player opens from EP, most Broadway pairs should be folded. You want to fold the bottom of Broadway pairs, call and 3 -bet about of the time. 当您坐在 MP 位置时,一个玩家从 EP 位置开牌时,大部分 Broadway 对都应该弃牌。您应该折叠 Broadway 对的底部 ,并在 的时候呼叫 和 3-bet。
Calling MP Versus EP 呼叫 MP 对 EP
The most important determinant here is the rank of your pair. With Kings you have the highest calling frequency (31%) and with tens you have the lowest calling frequency (11%). The hands you want to call with need to have strong connectivity and suitedness to justify a call. 这里最重要的决定因素是你的一对的等级。有国王时,你有最高的跟注频率(31%),有十时,你有最低的跟注频率(11%)。你想跟注的手牌需要具有强大的连贯性和适应性,以证明跟注的合理性。 As your pair rank gets lower, the other components of the hand must improve to make calling and likely heading into a multiway pot the highest EV play. 随着您的对手排名降低,手牌的其他组成部分必须得到改善,以便进行跟注并很可能进入多路赌注中,这是最高预期价值的策略。
Let's consider two hand examples. In both situations, you sit in MP, and you are facing an open-raise from EP playing 100bb. The only difference between the two examples is the hands you are holding. 让我们考虑两个手牌示例。在这两种情况下,您坐在 MP 位置,面对来自 EP 位置的 100bb 的开牌。这两个示例之间唯一的区别是您所持有的手牌。
-8
The value of this hand comes from having a high pair (flopping top set), the connectivity (flopping high straight draws) and the suitedness (having a King-high flush draw is much better than a nine-high flush). 这手牌的价值来自于拥有一对高牌(翻牌顶部三条),连贯性(翻牌高顺子牌)和同花(拥有一对 K 高同花牌比一对 9 高同花牌好得多)。 Holding a high pair and a high suit make this hand a good fit for a multiway pot and it should be called. 持有一对高牌和一种高花色使这手牌非常适合参与多方底池,应该跟注。
Although this hand is single-suited rather than trip-suited, the rank is lower, meaning that you are less likely to dominate your opponents in scenarios where you get a lot of money in on a board with a flush draw. 尽管这手牌是单色而不是三色,但等级较低,这意味着在你在一个有同花顺可能的牌桌上下很多注的情况下,你更不太可能主导对手。 Since you are "only" holding a ten-high suit, you are much more likely to be the dominated player yourself since you are facing a Broadwayheavy EP raising range. You are also less likely to flop overpairs or top sets. 由于您只持有十高套牌,您更有可能成为被主导的玩家,因为您面对的是一个以大牌为主的 EP 加注范围。您也不太可能翻出对子或顶对。 The connectivity of this hand is better than the previous hand, but this doesn't add enough EV to this hand to justify a call. Nuttiness is the essential factor in this situation because it is very likely that this hand will end up in a multiway pot. 这手的连贯性比上手好,但这并不足以为这手增加足够的 EV 来证明一个跟注。在这种情况下,坚果牌是关键因素,因为这手很可能最终会进入一个多路池。 For those reasons, you should fold this hand versus an EP open-raise, even though you would open it yourself from any position. 出于这些原因,您应该在早期位置开牌时弃牌,即使您在任何位置都会自己开牌。
3-Betting MP Versus EP
When it comes to 3-betting, the rank of the pair is much less important when compared to calling. When you call preflop from middle position, you can expect to play multiway pots. 在进行 3 次加注时,与跟注相比,对对子的等级要不那么重要。当你在中间位置跟注时,你可以期待参与多路池。 High pairs do better in multiway pots because they are more nutted, so you are more likely to win big pots postflop with high pairs because you can dominate your opponents. 高对在多路锅中表现更好,因为它们更有优势,所以你更有可能在后翻牌时赢得大锅,因为你可以主宰你的对手。 In 3-bet pots, "smoothness" is more important because you want to be able to get the money in on as many flops as possible when you are in a big 3-bet pot. 在 3-bet 盆中,“平滑度”更重要,因为当你在一个大的 3-bet 盆中时,你希望能够在尽可能多的翻牌时把钱放进去。
The optimal 3-bet frequency when in MP versus EP with Broadway pairs is close to . If you paid attention in the RFI section of this category, you won't be surprised by the main 3-bet requirement of this category: without an Ace, you are never 3-betting MP versus EP with a Broadway pair. 在中位与早期位置时,与 Broadway 对手牌进行 3-bet 的最佳频率接近 。如果您在本类别的 RFI 部分注意到了,那么您不会对本类别的主要 3-bet 要求感到惊讶:没有 A,您永远不会在中位与早期位置使用 Broadway 对手牌进行 3-bet。
In general, the Ace is a crucial card when it comes to 3-betting in PLO because it drastically reduces the chance that your opponent is holding Aces and you get 4-bet. 一般来说,在 PLO 中,A 是一个至关重要的牌,因为它极大地降低了对手持有 A 的可能性,从而避免了 4-bet。 Most 4-betting ranges are very focused on Aces, so you are usually in a nasty spot whenever you get 4-bet while holding a Broadway pair. 大多数 4-betting 范围都非常专注于 Aces,所以每当你拿着 Broadway 对子被 4-bet 时,通常会处于一个困难的境地。 To avoid this terrible outcome as much as possible, you should only 3bet Broadway pairs from this position if you are holding an Ace alongside with your pair. 为尽量避免这种可怕的结果,您应该只在这个位置 3bet Broadway 对,如果您手中有一张 A 和您的对子。
Another important aspect is suitedness. Rainbow hands should never be 3bet by the middle position player. Double-suited Broadway pair combinations with an Ace should almost always be 3-bet. 另一个重要方面是适应性。彩虹手牌不应该被中位玩家 3bet。带有 A 的双色 Broadway 对组合几乎总是应该 3-bet。 Again, Broadway pairs without an Ace should never be 3-bet in this situation, even when double-suited. 再次,在这种情况下,即使是双色牌,没有 A 的 Broadway 牌也不应该进行 3-bet。
When it comes to 3-betting single-suited Broadway pairs, focus on hands that have a significant equity advantage or extremely good realizability. Again, having an Ace is a must when it comes to 3-betting in this scenario. An example of a hand that has a big equity advantage is A . This hand is also blocking Aces, has a high Broadway pair, and a King-high suit. 在进行三次加注单花色 Broadway 对时,重点关注那些具有显著权益优势或极好实现性的手牌。同样,在这种情况下进行三次加注时,拥有一张 A 是必须的。一个具有很大权益优势的手牌的例子是 A 。这手牌也会阻挡 A,有一个高 Broadway 对,以及一个 K 高花色。
However, the difference between 3-betting and calling is slim for the single-suited hands in this category. Let's compare A to K -8 : 然而,在这个类别中,单花色手牌的 3-bet 和跟注之间的区别很小。让我们比较 A 和 K -8:
A-K-K also has a big equity advantage versus the early position open raising range with the A-K-K combination and high suit. The difference is A-K-K-2 is a great hand for multiway situations as it can make wheel straights. A-K-K 在与早期位置开牌范围的 A-K-K 组合和高花色相比也具有很大的权益优势。区别在于 A-K-K-2 在多路情况下是一个很好的手牌,因为它可以组成轮顺。 The suited Ace alongside the Kings make this hand very nutted. Calling becomes more profitable than 3-betting. Remember we're always comparing strategic options in poker and choosing the one with the highest EV. Whoever is right more often will win. 适合的 A 牌与 K 牌一起使这手牌非常强大。 跟注比 3 倍加注更有利。 记住,在扑克中我们总是比较战略选择,并选择 EV 最高的那个。 谁更经常做出正确选择,谁就会赢得比赛。
Another example of a hand that should 3-bet is A -J -J-9 the Jack-high pair is a weak Broadway pair, having an Ace means you are less likely to get 4-bet. The connectivity is quite good, and the doublesuitedness to the Ace and the Jack adds even more value to this hand. 另一个应该进行 3-bet 的手的例子是 A -J -J-9 ,J 高对是一个较弱的 Broadway 对,有一张 A 意味着你不太可能被 4-bet。连接性相当不错,与 A 和 J 同花色使这手牌的价值更高。 Importantly, this combination flops smoothly as there are a lot of favorable flops for this hand. Therefore 3-betting is the way to go. 重要的是,由于这手牌有很多有利的翻牌,所以这种组合可以顺利地翻牌。因此,三倍加注是正确的选择。
As either you or the open-raiser starts to get closer to the Button, you can widen up your Broadway pair value range, and you can begin to 3-bet some of the best double-suited and connected hands that don't hold an Ace. 当你或者开牌者开始靠近按钮时,你可以扩大你的 Broadway 对值范围,并且你可以开始 3-bet 一些最好的双花色和连接的手牌,这些手牌不含 A。 The way you want to widen your range is by focusing on suitedness and connectivity, and not the rank of the pair. 你想要拓宽你的范围的方法是专注于适宜性和连接性,而不是配对的等级。
Big Blind Versus One Opponent 大盲注对一名对手
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
The Big Blind can call (50%), and 3-bet (8%) with this category against an EP open-raise. Keep in mind that the lower the pair, the higher the folding frequency. Kings only fold about while tens fold about . 大盲可以对 EP 的开牌进行跟注(50%),也可以进行 3 次加注(8%)。请记住,对于这个类别,对手牌对的数值越低,弃牌频率就越高。国王牌只有 折叠,而十牌大约有 折叠。
The EP open-raising range includes a lot of high Broadway pairs, which means many hands that include two Jacks or tens that the Big Blind can be holding are easily dominated. EP 开牌范围包括许多高 Broadway 对,这意味着许多手牌包括两个 J 或 10,大盲可能持有的手牌很容易被支配。
When it comes to 3-betting, you still often need an Ace, or for your hand to score very well on realizability. An example of a hand that should 3-bet against an early position open-raise without an Ace is J -10 -10 -9 . 说到 3-bet 时,你通常仍需要一张 A 牌,或者你的手牌在实现性方面得分很高。一个例子是,对于一个早期位置的开牌,没有 A 牌的手牌应该 3-bet,比如 J-10-10-9。 This hand flops very smooth, which makes this combination a good fit for playing 3-bet pots. In case your opponent 4-bets you preflop, this hand can still call. 这手牌非常顺畅,使得这种组合非常适合玩 3-bet 底池。如果你的对手在翻牌前 4-bet 你,这手牌仍然可以跟注。
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
The Button raising range is much wider and much more diverse compared to the EP open-raising range. The Big Blind can profitably play of hands from this category. Being dominated while holding a Broadway pair is no longer a big worry because the Button is not as focused on high cards as the EP player is. 按钮加注范围比 EP 开牌范围要广泛得多,也更加多样化。大盲可以从这个类别中盈利地玩 手牌。持有 Broadway 对时被主导不再是一个大问题,因为按钮玩家并不像 EP 玩家那样专注于高牌。 The Button also opens a lot of low pairs, and all the Broadway pairs are doing very well against this part of the Button's open-raising range. 按钮还会打开很多低对子,而所有的 Broadway 对子在这个按钮的开牌范围中表现得非常出色。
Because of the ability to dominate the Button's range, the Big Blind should 3-bet with about of all Broadway pairs. Again, its usually the higher pairs that should 3-bet, specifically of all Kings compared to of all 由于能够主导按钮的范围,大盲应该用大约 的所有 Broadway 对进行 3-bet。再次强调,通常应该 3-bet 更高的对子,特别是与所有国王相比的 对中的 。
tens. Besides the rank of the pair, the standard 3-betting requirements still apply, e.g. blocking Aces, having good connectivity and good suitedness are all critical factors when you are considering whether to 3-bet or call. 除了对对的排名之外,标准的 3-betting 要求仍然适用,例如阻挡 A,具有良好的连通性和适当的适应性在考虑是 3-bet 还是 call 时都是关键因素。 The difference is that when you are holding tens, you need stronger representation in these components compared to when you are holding Kings. Two examples are: 区别在于,当你手中有十的时候,与手中有国王时相比,你需要在这些组件中有更强的代表性。两个例子是:
This hand should be 3-bet BB versus Button because it has a significant equity advantage against the Button open raising range, and good suitedness with two King-high suits. 这手牌应该在大盲位对位子位的 3-bet,因为它在对位子位的开牌范围中具有显著的权益优势,并且有两个 K 高花色的适合性很好。 The connectivity of this hand is marginal, but overall the realizability that this hand offers in a 3-bet pot is high. Because of the high pair and flush draw, you can dominate your opponent's pair plus draw and stack them. 这只手的连贯性较弱,但总体而言,在 3-bet 局中这只手提供的实现性很高。由于有高对和同花顺的牌,你可以压制对手的对子加同花顺牌,并将其叠加。
This hand has better connectivity than the previous one. However, the rank of the pair is much lower, so you have less chance to dominate your opponent postflop. It's harder to run into a weaker flush, set or flop an overpair. 这手的连贯性比上一手更好。然而,这对的排名要低得多,因此你在后翻牌时主导对手的机会较少。更难碰到一个较弱的同花顺、三条或者翻牌时有一个高对子。 The equity advantage of this hand is much less compared to the previous hand and therefore this hand should just be called from the Big Blind. 这手牌的公平优势与上一手相比要少得多,因此这手牌应该只从大盲注处叫牌。
BB Versus Two Opponents (BB Versus Button and MP) BB 对抗两个对手(BB 对抗按钮和 MP)
The Big Blind should rarely fold a Broadway pocket pair against two opponents. You only fold of the hands from this category. In multiway pots, nuttiness becomes more important, and, with Broadway pairs, the Big Blind gets an excellent price to try and flop a high set or high flush or straight draw. 大盲注在面对两名对手时,几乎不应该弃牌一对大牌。你只有 的手牌会从这个类别中弃牌。在多路池中,最重要的是牌力,而且,对于大牌对来说,大盲注有很好的价格去尝试翻牌得到高牌组合、高同花顺或顺子。 Fold the weakest Broadway pairs and call the rest. Just remember, you should still be willing to let your hand go on the flop against a bet if you only flop a weak overpair in a multiway pot. 将最弱的百老汇对折叠,然后跟注其他的。只要记住,如果在多路下注中只翻到一个弱的对子,你仍然应该愿意在翻牌圈时放弃手牌。
The Big Blind should squeeze about of the time versus Button and MP with Broadway pairs. By far, the best hands to squeeze with are Kings. About of Kings should be played this way. 大盲注应该在与庄家和中位玩家对手时,大约 的时间进行挤牌。到目前为止,最适合挤牌的手牌是国王。大约 的国王应该这样打。
Kings are very profitable to use as a squeeze for the following reasons: 国王在以下几个方面非常有利可图:
The initial open-raiser is supposed to fold with a high frequency against a Big Blind squeeze. They are stuck between you and the Button both preflop and postflop. This makes the EV of a preflop call much worse for the initial raiser. 初始的开牌者应该在大盲注挤压时高频率地弃牌。他们在翻牌前后都被你和按钮夹在中间。这使得初始加注者的翻牌叫注的预期价值变得更糟。
When you get called, you are usually pushing an equity edge versus their calling range. It's very profitable for the Big Blind to build a bigger pot with a dominating hand against the cold-caller. If you do get 4-bet, Kings are straightforward to play. Mostly you just fold. 当你被叫时,通常是在推动自己的资产边缘与他们的呼叫范围相比。对大盲来说,用一手压制对手的手牌来建立一个更大的底池是非常有利可图的。如果你被 4-bet,国王是比较容易打的。大多数情况下你只需要弃牌。
Almost all Kings that are also holding an Ace should be squeezed (88%). Just call with rainbow A-K-K combinations. Without an Ace, of the remaining King combos should still be squeezed. These are Kings with high realizability by having both strong connectivity and suitedness. An excellent example of Kings without an Ace that should be squeezed is - . This hand has great suitedness and also has some additional connectivity which makes it a great candidate to squeeze. If you get called, there are a lot of ways you can make the best hand postflop or flop good draws and dominate your opponent. 几乎所有持有 A 的国王都应该被挤压(88%)。只需用彩虹 A-K-K 组合来叫牌。没有 A 的情况下,剩下的国王组合中 仍然应该被挤压。这些国王具有强大的连通性和适合性,具有很高的实现性。一个很好的例子是没有 A 的国王应该被挤压 - 。这手牌具有很好的适合性,还具有一些额外的连通性,使其成为一个很好的挤压候选者。如果你被叫牌,你有很多方法可以在后翻牌或翻牌时获得最佳手牌或好的牌型,并主导你的对手。 When you get 4-bet, you have an easy fold.
Queens, Jacks and tens should be squeezed way less often than Kings because these pairs have less chance to dominate the opponent and it's more likely that you are the one dominated. 皇后、杰克和十应该比国王少被挤压,因为这些对有更少的机会主导对手,更有可能是你被主导。 Some of these lower Broadway pairs should still be squeezed but they require much better additional components to justify this action. They need excellent connectivity plus suitedness or to have an Ace alongside some decent connectivity and/or suitedness. 其中一些较低的 Broadway 对仍然应该被挤压,但它们需要更好的额外组件来证明这一行动的合理性。它们需要出色的连接性加上适当性,或者在一些不错的连接性和/或适当性旁边有一个 Ace。
An example is A . This hand has a nut suit as well as a Queen-high suit. It has the potential to make straights, and it can flop a strong set with the tens. The playability, nuttiness, and the fact that this hand blocks Aces makes it a good candidate to squeeze. 一个例子是 A 。这手牌有一个坚果套装和一个皇后高套装。它有可能形成顺子,并且可以在翻牌时拿到十的强牌。可玩性、坚果性以及这手牌挡住 A 使得它成为一个很好的挤牌候选者。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB)
In general, after opening in the Cutoff and getting 3-bet by the Small Blind, you should only fold of the time overall. However, Broadway pairs are folding at double that rate. GTO suggests that you should fold about of the time, call of the time and 4 -bet of the time against a Small Blind 3-bet with hands from this category. 通常情况下,在切牌位开牌后,被小盲位 3-bet 后,你应该整体只弃牌 的时间。然而,Broadway 对折叠的比率是双倍。GTO 建议你应该大约 的时间弃牌, 的时间跟注,以及 的时间 4-bet 对抗小盲位 3-bet 的手牌。
When facing a 3-bet, you are mainly looking to call with hands that have decent playability and can realize their equity postflop as often as possible. 面对 3-bet 时,您主要希望用那些具有良好可玩性并且尽可能经常实现后翻牌权益的手牌来跟注。
So, when deciding whether to call or fold, you should mainly be looking at the connectivity and suitedness of the hand. 因此,在决定是跟注还是弃牌时,您主要应关注手牌的连贯性和同花色。
A reason for this high folding frequency can be explained by taking an indepth look at the preflop open-raising ranges from the Cutoff. Almost any combination with two Kings should be open-raised from the Cutoff. 这种高频率的折叠可以通过深入研究 Cutoff 的翻牌前开牌范围来解释。几乎任何两个国王的组合都应该从 Cutoff 开牌。 On the other hand, when you decide to open-raise from the Cutoff with tens, Jacks and (to a certain degree) with Queens, you have to be more selective and need the right combination of additional backup. 另一方面,当您决定从 Cutoff 位置以 10、J 和(在一定程度上)Q 开牌时,您必须更加慎重,并需要正确的额外支持组合。
You are looking for better suitedness and connectivity with these pairs compared to when you are open raising with Kings. Kings have more equity compared to other Broadway pairs and because of this equity advantage, the sidecards of the hand become less important. 您与这些对比起来更适合和连接,而不是与国王一起开牌时。 国王与其他 Broadway 对比起来具有更多的资产,因此由于这种资产优势,手牌的边牌变得不那么重要。
A lot of these Kings that don't have useful additional components have to fold against 3-bets because they lack playability. This is one of the main factors why the overall fold to 3-bet percentage of this category is so high. 很多这些没有有用的额外组件的国王必须对 3 次加注弃牌,因为它们缺乏可玩性。这是这一类别整体对 3 次加注弃牌百分比如此之高的主要因素之一。
The second reason is much more straightforward. More than half of the Small Blind 3-betting range is made up of Aces, Kings, and Queens. 第二个原因要简单得多。 小盲位 3-bet 范围中超过一半是由 A、K 和 Q 组成的。 For this reason, you must be very cautious when you are holding tens, Jacks, or Queens because the Cutoff will be easily dominated with these pairs against a Small Blind 3-betting range. 因此,当你拿着 10、J 或 Q 时,你必须非常谨慎,因为对于小盲位的 3 倍加注范围来说,这些对子很容易被压制。
Tip
Unless you are facing an opponent who is 3-betting very wide and very aggressively, you should never 4-bet with Broadway pairs IP. 除非你面对的对手在 3-bet 时非常宽松和非常激进,否则你不应该在 IP 位置用 Broadway 对手牌进行 4-bet。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
When you are out of position, the strategy for playing against 3-bets changes. Let's imagine a scenario where you open from MP, and get 3-bet by the Cutoff. The range of the Cutoff range will mainly consist of Aces, doublesuited rundowns and connected Broadway hands. 当你处于位置不利时,应对 3 次加注的策略会发生变化。让我们想象一个场景,你在中位开牌,然后被近位玩家 3 次加注。近位玩家的手牌范围主要包括 A、双色连牌和相连的 Broadway 手牌。
If you are up against Aces, you are often in terrible shape. 如果你面对着 Aces,你通常处境非常糟糕。 If you are up against a rundown, your opponent will flop very smooth which means that they will be able to use their positional advantage by betting on a lot of different boards on which you are often unable to continue. For this reason, you want to fold about of your Broadway pairs when you get 3-bet and are OOP. 如果你遇到一个破产,你的对手会很顺利地翻牌,这意味着他们将能够利用他们的位置优势,在许多你通常无法继续的牌上下注。因此,当你被 3-bet 并且处于 OOP 时,你希望放弃大约 的 Broadway 对。
A few good rules of thumb when it comes to calling 3-bets OOP are: 在面对 3-bets OOP 时,一些不错的经验法则包括:
Call with hands that have good connectivity. 用具有良好连接性的手打电话。
When your hand is rainbow, you always fold. 当你的手是彩虹时,你总是折叠。
When your hand is double-suited, you always call. 当你的手是双色的时候,你总是叫牌。
When you hold Kings with an Ace, you always call (except for the rainbow hands). 当你手中有国王和一张 A 时,你总是跟注(除了彩虹手牌)。
Here are some examples: 这里有一些例子:
A〜-Q
This hand looks very strong but a higher pair will often dominate the Queens, and you can lose a lot of chips in such a scenario. 这手牌看起来很强,但更高的一对牌通常会压制皇后,你在这种情况下可能会损失很多筹码。 The hand has medium to strong connectivity and suitedness, but this is not good enough to make up for the equity disadvantage you have with this hand against a tight 3-betting range. This hand should be folded. 手牌的连接性和适应性中等到强,但这并不足以弥补你在面对紧 3 次加注范围时这手牌的劣势。这手牌应该弃牌。
A中-K -K A 中-K -K
Kings are already a much better candidate to call a 3-bet compared to Queens. Kings are less often dominated and you might even be able to dominate your opponent. The suited Ace is very useful, so this hand is a call. 国王已经比皇后更适合称为 3-bet 的候选者。 国王很少被支配,甚至可能支配对手。 同花 A 非常有用,所以这手是一个叫注。
J -J -10
Although the Jacks are easily dominated, the smoothness of this hand makes up for this deficiency. The excellent connectivity and decent suitedness mean that there are a lot of different flops where you can happily get the money in. 尽管杰克容易被主导,但这手的顺畅性弥补了这个不足。出色的连贯性和体面的适应性意味着有很多不同的翻牌,你可以愉快地把钱放进去。 This hand can call a 3-bet when out of position. 这手牌可以在位置不利时跟注 3 倍加注。
When you are OOP, you benefit from ending the pot as soon as possible. Playing at low SPRs is beneficial when you are OOP because you will have to play fewer streets with a positional disadvantage. 当你处于 OOP 时,尽快结束局势对你有利。在 OOP 时以低 SPR 玩牌是有益的,因为你将不得不在位置劣势下玩更少的街道。 For this reason, I suggest that you 4-bet Cutoff versus MP with most of the double-suited Broadway pairs that also have an Ace. 因此,我建议您在大部分双色 Broadway 对中,也有一个 A 的情况下,对抗 MP 进行 4-bet。 These hands block Aces and flop enough equity on a high frequency of different boards which means that these hands can go all-in on a wide variety of flops. 这些手牌可以挡住 A 牌,并在许多不同的牌桌上获得足够的股权,这意味着这些手牌可以在各种不同的翻牌上全押。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
Let's imagine a situation in which the Button opens, you 3-bet from the Small Blind, and the Button 4-bets. 让我们想象一个情况,按钮打开,你从小盲位 3-bet,按钮 4-bet。
How should you approach this situation when you are holding a Broadway pair? Overall, single-suited Broadway pairs should fold about of the time. Suitedness or having an Ace with connectivity are the two most important determinants for the action you should take. Remember that in this case, the rank of your pair is not nearly as important. 当你手中拿着一对百老汇牌时,你应该如何应对这种情况?总体而言,单色的百老汇牌应该有 的时间弃牌。同花或者有一张 A 并且有连贯性是你应该采取的行动的两个最重要的决定因素。请记住,在这种情况下,你的牌的等级并不那么重要。
When it comes to calling 4-bets, it's all about being able to stack off on as many different boards as possible. 在面对 4-bets 时,关键是要能够在尽可能多的不同牌局中全押。
When you are holding a double-suited Broadway pair, you should call with the hands that have four cards that are all somewhat connected. As soon as you hold one dangler, you should fold. is double-suited, but the 5 is unconnected with the other cards of your hand and makes this a fold. The hand - is also double-suited but the sidecards are connected. A hand such as -9 is only single-suited but well connected. These hands can call a 4-bet. 当您拿到一对双色 Broadway 牌时,您应该用那些四张牌都有一定连接性的手牌跟注。一旦您拿到一个悬挂牌,您应该弃牌。 是双色的,但 5 与您手牌的其他牌不相连,因此应该弃牌。手牌 - 也是双色的,但边牌是相连的。像 -9 这样的手牌只有单色,但连接性很好。这些手牌可以跟注 4 次加注。
When your hand is not double-suited, you should fold about of the time. The only hands that should be called are some of the best connected Kings and Queens. To justify a call with Kings you need a suited Ace and exactly two cards of the same suit, not more. 当您的手牌不是双色时,您应该大约 的时间弃牌。唯一应该跟注的手牌是一些最好连接的国王和皇后。要用国王跟注,您需要一张同花的 A 和恰好两张相同花色的牌,不能再多。
5-betting (SB Versus Button)
When you are holding a double-suited Broadway pair with an Ace, the GTO play is to 5 -bet about of the time. Broadway pairs that 5-bet always have an Ace. In fact, every double-suited combo with an Ace except for some of the worst connected tens, should be 5-bet. 当你手中拿着一对双色的 Broadway 牌,并且有一张 A 时,GTO 的玩法是大约 的时间进行 5-bet。5-bet 的 Broadway 牌总是有一张 A。事实上,除了一些连接最差的十牌之外,每一对带有 A 的双色组合都应该进行 5-bet。
Some of the best single-suited Broadway pairs that are holding an Ace can also be 5-bet. These need very strong additional connectivity and high equity. An example would be A-K-K-10 . 一些最好的单色 Broadway 对手中拿着 A 的也可以进行 5-bet。这些需要非常强的额外连接性和高的权益。一个例子是 A-K-K-10。
Exploitative Tip
If everyone at your table is playing an optimal strategy, you should be 5betting with almost all double-suited Broadway pairs that also include an Ace. To justify 5-betting, your opponents would need to be 4-betting with hands that aren't exclusively Aces. 如果你桌上的每个人都在使用最佳策略,你应该几乎用所有包含一个 A 的双色 Broadway 对进行 5bet。为了证明 5-betting 的合理性,你的对手需要用不仅仅是 A 的手牌进行 4-betting。
In a GTO scenario, your opponent would also 4-bet some double-suited rundowns, Broadway pairs, and connected Broadway hands. If this isn't the case in your small stakes or live game, you shouldn't 5-bet without Aces since your equity won't be as good. 在 GTO 场景中,你的对手也会 4-bet 一些双花式的 rundowns、Broadway 对子和相连的 Broadway 手牌。如果在你的小注或实况游戏中不是这种情况,那么除非有 Aces,否则你不应该 5-bet,因为你的权益不会那么好。 In those games, you should just call with the non-Aces hands that would 5-bet in a GTO scenario. 在那些游戏中,你应该只用那些在 GTO 情况下会 5-bet 的非 A 手牌跟注。
Category Three: Three Broadway Cards with One Non-Broadway 第三类:三张百老汇卡和一张非百老汇卡
Introduction 介绍
This category includes all hands that hold exactly three Broadway cards (A10) plus exactly one non-Broadway card (2-9). Hands that belong in other categories (for example rundowns or pairs) are excluded from this category. 该类别包括所有手牌,其中恰好有三张百老汇牌(A10)和恰好有一张非百老汇牌(2-9)。属于其他类别的手牌(例如顺子或对子)不包括在此类别中。
There are a total of 16,640 different hands in this category which means that you get dealt one of them about of the time. The hand with the highest EV in this category is A - , which ranks in the top of hands. The average rank of a hand in this category is . 在这个类别中总共有 16,640 种不同的手牌,这意味着你大约 的时间会得到其中一种。这个类别中 EV 值最高的手牌是 A - ,在所有手牌中排名前 。这个类别中手牌的平均排名是 。
RFI strategy
Early Position 早期位置
From EP, about of hands in this category should be open-raised. The requirements to open-raise from EP are reasonably straightforward. All double-suited hands should be open-raised. With these hands, you can call 3bets due to the excellent playability. 从 EP,这个类别中大约 的手牌应该是开牌。从 EP 开牌的要求相当简单明了。所有双花色手牌都应该开牌。有了这些手牌,你可以因为出色的可玩性而跟注 3bet。 These hands do well in multiway pots because they are nutty and can flop nutted draws and high pairs. All rainbowor monotone hands should be folded because they lack playability and nuttiness. 这些手在多路锅中表现出色,因为它们是坚果手,可以出现坚果牌和高对子。所有彩虹或单色手应该弃牌,因为它们缺乏可玩性和坚果性。
When it comes to single-suited variations, the most important differentiator is the Ace. All single-suited hands that are suited to the Ace should be opened. 谈到单色变体时,最重要的区别在于 A。所有适合 A 的单色手应该开牌。 Hands that are trip-suited to the Ace should only be open-raised when all four cards work together, so you should be folding most of these (83%). Almost all single-suited hands without an Ace should be folded (98%). 适合 A 的三色手牌只有在所有四张牌配合时才应该开牌,因此你应该放弃大部分这样的手牌(83%)。几乎所有没有 A 的单色手牌都应该弃牌(98%)。
For example, consider A . This hand has a nut suit, is quite well connected, and all four cards are working together. It can flop a lot of straights or straight draws as well as strong two pairs. 例如,考虑 A 。这手牌有一个坚果花色,连接性很好,所有四张牌都在一起工作。它可以翻牌很多顺子或顺子抽牌,以及强大的两对。 Holding three cards of the same suit, the suitedness isn't amazing, but it is an Ace-high suit, which adds nuttiness to the hand. 持有三张相同花色的牌,花色并不是很惊人,但是是一个高牌为 A 的花色,这为手牌增添了一些特殊性。
Hands that are single-suited with an unsuited Ace are mostly folded (about 85%). To be a good open-raise candidate, these hands again need to have four cards that connect well with each other, or the three Broadway cards need to be very high and well connected, such as A . The Cutoff margins for when these hands can be folded or open-raised are very thin, and it's not a big deal if you open-raise slightly too wide or too tight with these hands. 单色手牌搭配一张非同花的 A 通常会被弃牌(约 85%)。要成为一个很好的开牌候选手,这些手牌需要再次有四张相互连接良好的牌,或者三张 Broadway 牌需要非常高且连接良好,比如 A 。这些手牌何时可以弃牌或者开牌的边界非常微弱,如果你用这些手牌开牌时稍微宽松或者太紧,也不是什么大问题。 If you're likely to go multiway, as in small stakes games, or play in a highlyraked environment, then fold all but the best single-suited hands without an offsuit Ace. 如果你可能参与多方游戏,比如小注游戏,或者在高抽水环境中玩游戏,那么除了最好的单色手牌外,其他手牌都要弃牌,不带无配 Ace。
Button 按钮
As you get closer to the blinds, you can start to open-raise much wider, up to on the Button. Just fold the absolute worst hands, monotone and rainbow hands with danglers such as -2 . 随着你靠近盲注,你可以开始更广泛地开牌,直到按钮位置上的 。只需弃掉绝对最差的手牌,单色和彩虹手牌,如 -2。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
Hands in this category that are double-suited and have an Ace are good candidates to 3-bet as long as they have no wheel cards. When you are holding wheel cards, it's often better to call. Without wheel cards, the hands are often more strongly connected. 在这个类别中,双色并且有一张 A 的手牌是很好的 3-bet 候选,只要它们没有轮牌。当你拿着轮牌时,通常最好跟注。没有轮牌时,这些手牌通常更紧密连接。
Without an Ace, of double-suited hands should be folded. In these cases, the connectivity of the hand becomes the critical factor. You only want to 3-bet with the absolute best-connected double-suited hands and you want to call with the hands that are slightly less well connected. 没有 A 的情况下,双花手牌中的 应该弃牌。在这些情况下,手牌的连贯性成为关键因素。您只想用绝对最好连贯的双花手牌进行 3-bet,而想用稍微连贯性较差的手牌进行跟注。 An example of a hand that could go for a 3-bet is -10 -7 because this hand features high cards, combined with good suitedness and connectivity. This hand flops a very smooth equity distribution and has very high realizability. A hand such as is similar, but the makes this hand much less connected compared to the previous hand. The suitedness is also slightly worse which reduces the playability of this hand. It should just be folded. 一个可以进行 3-bet 的手牌示例是 10-7,因为这手牌具有高牌,加上良好的同花和连牌性。这手牌在翻牌后具有非常平滑的资产分布,并且具有非常高的实现性。类似的手牌如,但是使这手牌与前一手相比连接性要低得多。同花性也稍微差一些,这降低了这手牌的可玩性。应该直接弃牌。
The only single-suited hands in this category that can be 3-bet are the hands that have four connected cards (and all cards 7 or higher) and the hand must also hold a suited Ace. For example, A . This hand has good connectivity combined with a suited Ace which adds nuttiness. However, it is also fine to call these hands preflop. Your preferred action will depend on your opponent and the type of game you are in, as well as the rake structure. 在这个类别中,唯一可以进行 3-bet 的单花色手牌是那些有四张连续牌(且所有牌都是 7 或更高)并且手牌还必须有一张同花 A 的手牌。例如,A 。这手牌具有良好的连贯性,再加上一张同花 A,增加了牌力。然而,在翻牌前跟注这些手牌也是可以的。您的首选行动将取决于您的对手和您所处的游戏类型,以及抽水结构。
All calling hands have a suited Ace. They are slightly less well-connected than the hands that want to 3-bet but you still need excellent connectivity to call. An example of a hand that would call is . This hand is very similar to the earlier example that you are supposed to 3-bet. The difference is marginal but this hand is slightly less well connected (given the King and 8) which makes it a better candidate for calling rather than 3-betting preflop. 所有的跟注手牌都有一张合适的 A。它们的连接性略低于想要 3-bet 的手牌,但仍然需要出色的连接性才能跟注。一个会跟注的手牌的例子是 。这手牌与之前应该 3-bet 的例子非常相似。区别微小,但这手牌的连接性略低一些(考虑到 K 和 8),这使得它更适合在翻牌前跟注而不是 3-bet。
Almost all trip-suited hands should be folded when facing a raise, except for the combinations that have very strong connectivity such as A -10 94. All rainbow hands and monotone hands also fold preflop. 面对加注时,几乎所有不适合出手的手牌都应该弃牌,除非是那些具有非常强的连贯性的组合,比如 A-10 94。所有的彩虹手牌和单色手牌也应该在翻牌前弃牌。
BB Versus One Opponent BB 对抗一个对手
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
The Big Blind is supposed to fold around of hands in this category against an EP raise. The calling range is made up of of the hands in this category, and the remaining should be used as a 3-bet. 大盲注应该在这个类别中有 手牌折叠 EP 加注。呼叫范围由这个类别中的 手牌组成,剩下的 手牌应该用作 3-bet。
The two most important factors are again connectivity and suitedness. For example, of the rainbow hands should be folded in this spot, whereas of the double-suited hands should be called or used for a 3-bet. 两个最重要的因素再次是连接性和适合性。例如,彩虹手牌中的 应该在这个位置弃牌,而双适手牌中的 应该被叫牌或用于 3-bet。
The hands that should be folded either score very poorly in suitedness or connectivity, without making up for this deficiency in the other component. They often have contain a dangler, for example, A -K-10 - , making the connectivity weak. As with all the other hands in this category, this combination has some connectivity due to the three Broadway cards. But the 4 is a dangler and it is almost worthless versus an EP raising range. 应该折叠的手要么在适合度或连通性方面得分非常低,要么在另一个组成部分中无法弥补这个缺陷。它们通常包含一个悬挂物,例如,A-K-10- ,使得连通性较弱。与此类别中的所有其他手牌一样,这种组合由于三张 Broadway 牌而具有一定的连通性。但是 4 是一个悬挂物,与 EP 加注范围相比几乎毫无价值。 The connectivity of this hand is weak compared to all the hands in this category. 这只手的连接性与该类别中的所有手相比较弱。
A has the same connectivity problems as the previous hand. However, the suitedness of this combination is much better, and makes up for the weak connectivity. Therefore, this hand should be called against an EP open-raise. 一 与上一手一样存在连接问题。然而,这种组合的适应性要好得多,可以弥补连接性较弱的缺点。因此,应该对抗 EP 的开牌。 In general, you should never fold a hand from this category with precisely two cards from the same suit, suited to the Ace. 通常情况下,您不应该从这个类别中折叠一手恰好有两张相同花色的牌,适合于 A。
When it comes to 3-betting, the hands with the highest raw equity should be used to 3-bet. Most of the hands that are part of this range are doublesuited hands with good connectivity, such as A . There are also a few single-suited hands that can be 3-bet. If a hand is single-suited, it must be extremely well connected to justify 3-betting, such as A - . 在进行 3 次加注时,应使用具有最高原始权益的手牌进行 3 次加注。这个范围中的大多数手牌都是具有良好连接性的双色手牌,例如 A 。还有一些可以进行 3 次加注的单色手牌。如果一手是单色的,那么它必须连接非常好才能证明值得进行 3 次加注,例如 A - 。
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
From the Big Blind, you can play about of all hands in this category against a Button open-raise. Only fold the worst rainbow hands. 从大盲注位,您可以对这个类别中的所有手牌中的约 进行游戏,以应对庄家的开牌。只需弃掉最差的彩虹手牌。
When you are holding a single-suited hand, you should never be 3-betting without a suited Ace. Around 14% of all the single-suited hands that include a suited Ace can be used for a 3-bet. The remaining should be used to call, as with most of the other hands from this category. 当您持有单色手牌时,绝对不应该在没有同花 A 的情况下进行 3 次加注。大约 14%的包含同花 A 的所有单色手牌可以用于 3 次加注。其余 应该用于跟注,就像这个类别中的大多数其他手牌一样。
Only the best-connected hands are being 3-bet. An example of a 3-betting hand is . This hand is well connected and has a suited Ace. These two factors make the hand score much higher on realizability. You are also blocking Aces with this hand which means that it's less likely you get 4bet. 只有最好的联系手会被 3-bet。一个 3-betting 手的例子是 。这手牌连接性很好,有一个同花色的 A。这两个因素使得这手牌在实现性上得分更高。你还用这手牌阻挡了 A,这意味着你更不可能被 4bet。
Most double-suited hands should be 3-bet (82%). The hands in this category are very nutted because they will very often dominate the Button who has a lot of medium-high card combinations in their range. 大多数双色手牌应该进行 3 次加注(82%)。这个类别中的手牌非常有优势,因为它们往往会压制按钮,而按钮的手牌范围中有很多中高牌组合。 The doublesuitedness adds a great deal of playability and realizability to the hands and it provides an even more significant equity advantage. 双色牌增加了手牌的可玩性和实现性,并提供了更显著的权益优势。
BB Versus Two Opponents (BB Versus Button and MP) BB 对抗两个对手(BB 对抗按钮和 MP)
In this situation with this category, you should fold of hands, call and squeeze . Fold the hands that have the worst combination of playability and nuttiness. As in most multiway scenarios, all the rainbow hands should be folded. Another example of a hand that you should fold is . This hand isn't very nutted and has only a ten-high suit. 在这种情况下,您应该弃牌 手,跟注 并榨取 。弃掉那些可玩性和牌力最差的手牌。在大多数多路牌局中,所有的彩虹手牌都应该弃掉。另一个您应该弃牌的手牌例子是 。这手牌并不是很有牌力,只有一个十高花色。
About should be squeezed. The hands that should be squeezed here are almost all double-suited hands with an Ace. Double-suited hands without an Ace should mainly be called. 关于 应该挤压。这里应该挤压的手牌几乎都是带有一张 A 的双色手牌。没有 A 的双色手牌主要应该叫。
The remaining of hands should be called. These hands either score well on playability but bad in nuttiness, well in nuttiness but bad in playability or they have an average score in both categories. Some examples are: 剩下的 手牌应该被称为。这些手牌要么在可玩性方面得分很高但在坚果性方面表现糟糕,要么在坚果性方面表现良好但在可玩性方面表现糟糕,或者它们在两个类别中都有平均分数。一些例子是:
K - J -10 - 3
This hand has three connected Broadway cards and the suits are decently high. However, it doesn't have an Ace, which is usually a requirement 这只手有三张连续的百老汇牌,花色相当高。然而,它没有一张 A,通常是一个要求。
when it comes to squeezing. This hand also holds a dangler which makes the connectivity much worse and turns this hand into a call. 说到挤压时。这只手还握着一个吊坠,使连接变得更糟,将这只手变成了一个电话。
A -
This hand is more nutted due to the suited Ace, but it's just single-suited and also holding a dangler. For those reasons, this hand should also be called. 由于适合的 A,这手牌更有坚果,但它只是单色,并且还有一个悬挂牌。出于这些原因,这手牌也应该被称为。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB)
Single-suited hands without an Ace should always call the 3-bet. Not holding an Ace means you are automatically well enough connected to be able to call 3-bets because you will be holding three cards that are between a King and a ten. 单色手牌没有 A 的情况下,应该总是跟注 3 倍加注。没有 A 意味着你自动连接得足够好,可以跟注 3 倍加注,因为你手中将持有介于 K 和 10 之间的三张牌。 The suit doesn't even matter anymore if the connectivity is this good. 如果连接质量如此良好,那么套装甚至已经不再重要。
Single-suited hands with a suited Ace should also always be called preflop in position. Single-suited hands with an Ace that isn't suited should mostly be folded (70%). Only the hands with the best connectivity can be called, such as . 单色手牌与同花 A 应该总是在位置上被叫牌。单色手牌与不同花的 A 应该大多数情况下弃牌(70%)。只有具有最佳连贯性的手牌才能被叫牌,例如 。
There are very few hands in this category that want to go for a 4-bet (1.4%). They are the most connected double-suited hands with an Ace, such as . Hands like this block Aces, and the great suitedness and connectivity means that this hand will do quite well in 4-bet pots because it hits many different board types. With these hands, you can also call a 5-bet. Other double-suited hands always call. 在这个类别中,很少有手牌想要进行 4-bet(1.4%)。它们是与 A 牌相连的双色手牌中最多的,比如 。像这样的手牌会阻止 A 牌,而很好的同花和相连性意味着这手牌在 4-bet 局中会表现得相当不错,因为它适合很多不同类型的牌桌。对于这些手牌,你也可以跟注 5-bet。其他双色手牌总是跟注。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
Playing OOP, about of hands should be folded when facing a 3-bet. The hands in this category are built heavily on Broadway cards, so it is easy to lose a lot of money when your opponent is holding Aces or Kings. 在玩 OOP 时,当面对 3-bet 时,大约 手牌应该弃牌。这类手牌主要是建立在 Broadway 牌上,所以当你的对手拿着 A 或 K 时很容易输掉很多钱。 You also suffer from a proximity effect, meaning you will flop fewer outs to two pair even when you do flop a top pair hand. For that reason, you must be very cautious against 3-bets and you should be folding with a high frequency when OOP. 您还会受到邻近效应的影响,这意味着即使您翻牌时有一个顶对手牌,也会翻出较少的两对牌。因此,您在面对 3 次加注时必须非常谨慎,并且在位置不利时应该频繁弃牌。 It's tough to maneuver with hands from this category in postflop situations in 3-bet pots. 在 3-bet 盆中的后翻局面中,使用这个类别的手牌很难操纵。
Playing OOP, your 4-betting range is a little wider when compared to playing IP because you benefit more from the lower SPRs which minimize your positional disadvantage. You should 4-bet about of your range. An 在玩 OOP 时,与在 IP 中相比,你的 4-betting 范围会稍微更广一些,因为你会更多地受益于较低的 SPR,这有助于减少你的位置劣势。你应该 4-bet 你的范围约 。
example of a hand that should be 4-bet is A . This hand is blocking Aces and flops very smooth. It is well connected, nutted, and it has excellent suitedness. 应该进行 4-bet 的手的示例是 A 。这手牌阻挡了 Aces 并且在翻牌时非常顺利。它连接性很好,是最佳手牌,并且适合度极佳。
When it comes to playing against 3-bets OOP, the same principles apply as playing against 3-bet IP and you are mainly looking for realizability to justify a call. 当涉及到在场外对抗 3-bet 时,与在场内对抗 3-bet 相同的原则适用,您主要是在寻找可实现性来证明一个跟注的理由。 Hands in this category without an Ace should always be called because these hands are very well connected, and the same holds true for all the double-suited hands. 在这个类别中,没有 A 的手牌应该总是被叫牌,因为这些手牌非常相连,对于所有双花色手牌也是如此。
However single-suited hands with an Ace are folding slightly more often. The connectivity of these hands is a little worse and they also have a much harder time playing against 3-betting ranges that are Aces-heavy. 然而,带有一张 A 的单花色手牌折叠的频率略高一些。这些手牌的连贯性稍差,而且它们在面对以 A 为主的 3-bet 范围时也更难打。 To call when you are holding a single-suited hand with an Ace, you need improved additional connectivity. 当您手中只有一种花色的手牌并且有一张 A 时,您需要更好的额外连接性。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
Facing a 4-bet you can call with all hands that 3-bet that don't include an Ace. Most 4-betting ranges are heavily weighted towards Aces. 面对 4-bet,您可以用所有不包含 A 的 3-bet 手牌跟注。大多数 4-betting 范围都倾向于 A。 When you are not holding an Ace yourself, you get the correct odds preflop to try and flop a good pair with additional backup so you can stack off with sufficient equity. Almost all double-suited hands can also be called, even the ones that have an Ace. 当您自己没有一张 A 时,您可以在翻牌前获得正确的赔率,尝试翻出一个好对子,并带有额外的支持,这样您就可以具有足够的资产堆叠。几乎所有双花色的手牌也可以被称为,即使其中有一张 A。
When your hand is single-suited and includes an Ace, you should be folding much more often. Only of single-suited hands with an Ace should call when facing a 4-bet. The reason is that the Ace is a useless card to hold when you are mainly up against Aces. Flopping an Ace pair is never going to help you and will only result in you getting stacked. 当您的手牌是单色的并且包含一张 A 时,您应该更经常弃牌。只有 的单色手牌中有一张 A 时才应该跟注面对 4 倍加注。原因是当您主要面对 A 时,持有 A 是一张无用的牌。翻牌得到一对 A 永远不会帮助您,只会导致您被堆叠。 Flopping two pair with an Ace will also mean that you will very often run into top set. Only the best of the best hands when it comes to connectivity with a suited Ace can call 4-bets, such as A . 用一张 A 打出两对也意味着你很可能会遇到最大的三条。只有最好的手牌,当与同花 A 连接时,才能跟注 4 次,比如 A 。
Category Four: Double-paired 类别四:双对子
Introduction 介绍
This category includes all hands that hold exactly two pairs. There are a total of 2,808 different hands in this category, meaning you get dealt one of these hands about of the time. This category includes a lot of very strong hands, but also a few weak ones. The hand with the highest EV in this category is A-A which ranks in the top of hands. The average rank of this category is . 该类别包括所有持有两对的手牌。在这个类别中总共有 2,808 种不同的手牌,这意味着你大约 的时间会被发到这些手牌中的一种。这个类别包括很多非常强的手牌,但也有一些较弱的手牌。这个类别中 EV 值最高的手牌是 A-A,排名前 。这个类别的平均排名是 。
RFI Strategy
From EP, approximately 82% of all double-paired hands should be openraised. The hands that don't want to be open-raised are very disconnected hands with at least one very low pair or hands where the connectivity and rank are very marginal and the hand is rainbow. 从 EP,大约 82%的双对手牌都应该是开牌。不想被开牌的手牌是非常不连贯的手牌,至少有一对非常低的牌,或者连通性和等级非常边缘,手牌是彩虹的。
An example of a hand that should fold preflop from early position is J-J. This hand has one very low pair combined with a low Broadway pair. There is no connectivity and it is rainbow. The combination of these weak features means that this hand should be open-folded preflop. 从早期位置应该在翻牌前弃牌的手的一个例子是 J-J 。这手牌有一个非常低的一对牌,再加上一个低的 Broadway 对子。没有连贯性,且是彩虹牌。这些弱特征的组合意味着这手牌应该在翻牌前弃牌。
As you get closer to the blinds, you can start to open wider. From the Button, of the double-paired hands should be opened. 当你靠近百叶窗时,你可以开始打开得更宽。从按钮开始,双对手中的 应该打开。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
Double-paired hands can often fight back against a raise. The MP player should only fold about of all double-paired hands when facing an EP raise. The hands that score the worst when it comes to suitedness, connectivity and high card rank should fold. 双对手牌通常可以对抗加注。中位玩家在面对早期加注时,应该只弃掉所有双对手牌中的约 。在适合性、连贯性和高牌等级方面得分最低的手牌应该弃牌。
An example is . This hand is too disconnected and the pairs are too low to consider playing. In this situation, you are often going to end up in a multiway pot if you decide to call and this hand doesn't have enough nuttiness to be profitable in multiway pots. 一个例子是 。这只手太分散,而且对子太低,不值得考虑玩。在这种情况下,如果你决定跟注,往往会陷入多人底池,而这只手在多人底池中没有足够的优势来盈利。
All double-paired Aces should be 3-bet. Other double pairs that 3-bet are well connected and double-suited hands such as . Double-paired 所有双对 A 都应该 3-bet。其他双对也应该 3-bet,如那些连接紧密且双色手牌。
hands flop a set almost of the time and that set is going to be a great hand to have in a heads-up 3-bet pot. 3-betting allows you to maximize the with these hands and complement your re-raising range. 手牌翻牌几乎 的时间,而且这套牌在一对一的 3-bet 盆中将是一个很好的手牌。 3-bet 让你能够最大化这些手牌的价值,并补充你的再加注范围。
BB Versus One Opponent BB 对抗一个对手
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
The EP open-raiser has a lot of high Broadway pairs in their range which means that the Big Blind can easily be dominated. Even then, most doublepaired hands have enough equity to continue versus an EP open-raise and only the worst of should be folded. These hands are rainbow ones such as hand that doesn't have straight or flush possibilities. EP 开牌者的范围中有很多高 Broadway 对,这意味着大盲很容易被主导。即便如此,大多数双对手牌都有足够的资产继续对抗 EP 开牌,只有最差的 应该被弃牌。这些手牌是彩虹牌,比如 手牌,没有顺子或同花的可能性。
Your calling range of approximately consists mainly of hands that lack high cards, great suits, or excellent connectivity. These hands have good enough equity to see a flop, but they don't have enough playability to inflate the pot OOP by 3-betting. 您的大约 的呼叫范围主要是由缺乏高牌、大花色或优秀连贯性的手牌组成。这些手牌具有足够的资产以看到翻牌,但它们没有足够的可玩性来通过 3-betting 来增加 OOP 的底池。
An example of a hand that should be called is . This hand has one very high pair and one very low pair. It has one high suit and no connectivity. Given this hand's postflop equity distribution and facing a strong range, its more profitable to just call with this hand than to 3-bet. 一个应该被称为的手的例子是 。这手有一个非常高的对子和一个非常低的对子。它有一个高花色,但没有连贯性。考虑到这手的后翻赔率分布和面对强劲范围,与这手只是跟注比起来,更有利的是跟注。
The hands that are better off 3-betting rather than calling either have Aces, high card strength, great suitedness or great connectivity. These factors often provide an equity advantage and these components also make it easier to realize the equity advantage in 3-bet pots. 更适合三倍加注而不是跟注的手牌通常要么是 Aces,要么是高牌实力,要么是很好的同花色,要么是很好的连贯性。这些因素通常提供股权优势,这些组成部分也使得在三倍加注的局中更容易实现股权优势。 The more of these factors that are featured in your hand, the more likely it is that you want to 3-bet. 手中有更多这些因素,你越有可能想要 3-bet。
Another example would be 6-6 quite marginal and so are the rank of the pairs. But the connectivity is very good, and therefore this hand should be 3-bet. 另一个例子是 6-6 相当边缘,成对的排名也是如此。但连接性非常好,因此这手应该 3-bet。
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
When facing a Button raise, the Big Blind should not fold any double-paired hand and should, in fact, 3-bet most of them (83%). The key factors when it comes to calling or 3-betting are the ranks of the pairs and the suitedness. 当面对一个按钮加注时,大盲不应该放弃任何双对子手牌,实际上应该对大部分双对子手牌进行 3 次加注(83%)。在决定跟注或 3 次加注时,关键因素是对子的等级和同花色。 Rainbow hands need to have high ranked pairs or two pairs that are well connected to justify a 3-bet. A hand such as J-J-8-8-8 should be 3-bet because the rank of both pairs is at least medium strength and the hand has some connectivity. A hand such as should be called because 彩虹手需要有高级对子或两对牌,这些牌之间连接紧密,才能证明值得进行 3 次加注。例如,像 J-J-8-8-8 这样的手牌应该进行 3 次加注,因为两对的级别至少是中等强度,并且手牌有一定的连贯性。而像 这样的手牌应该跟注。
the ranks of the pairs aren't as good compared to the previous example and the hand is also disconnected. 这对的排名与前一个例子相比并不那么好,而且手牌也不连贯。
Hands that aren't rainbow should almost always be 3-bet (91.2%). Only the worst of the worst non-rainbow hands should be called, for example 8. 那些不是彩虹的手牌几乎总是应该 3-bet(91.2%)。只有最糟糕的非彩虹手牌才应该跟注,例如 8 。
BB Versus Two Opponents (Button and MP) BB 对抗两个对手(按钮和 MP)
The player in the Big Blind doesn't fold any double-paired hand when facing a MP open-raise and a Button cold call. The Big Blind is calling and squeezing of hands in this category. The equity of these hands, combined with pot odds you get in the Big Blind, is just too attractive a combination to consider folding any double-paired hand. 大盲注的玩家在面对中位加注和庄家冷调时,不会放弃任何双对手牌。大盲注在这个类别中会跟注 和榨取 手牌。这些手牌的公平性,加上大盲注所得到的底池赔率,组合起来实在是太有吸引力了,以至于考虑放弃任何双对手牌。
However, you should exercise caution with double-paired hands that lack nuttiness. Flopping middle or bottom sets without much backup can get you into a lot of trouble in big pots. 然而,您应该小心处理缺乏坚果的双对手。在大奖池中,翻牌中间或底部的牌组,如果没有足够的支持,可能会让您陷入麻烦。 As we'll see in the postflop section, facing two opponents in single-raised pots some of these hands are just calling down rather than trying to get all the money in on the flop. 正如我们将在后翻牌部分看到的那样,在单次加注底池中面对两名对手,有些手牌只是跟注,而不是试图在翻牌时把所有筹码都压进去。
If you have some fold equity, the stronger half of these hands are going to want to squeeze and head into low SPR scenarios in order to maximize their EV. 如果您有一些折叠权益,这些手牌中更强的一半将希望挤压并进入低 SPR 情况,以最大化他们的预期价值。 Just as with the previous categories, a combination of having high-rank pairs, connectivity, and suitedness are the requirements for a squeeze. 与之前的类别一样,高级对、连通性和适合性的结合是挤压的要求。 These factors make it much easier to realize the equity of double-paired hands because they can continue against a bet or bet themselves much more often compared to hands with less playability. 这些因素使得实现双对手的公平性变得更加容易,因为它们可以更频繁地继续对抗下注或自己下注,与可玩性较低的手相比。
For example, a hand such as - 4 is good enough to squeeze. It has one high Broadway pair and the suitedness is very good. A hand such as has two lower ranking pairs which means that the sets and flush draws this hand can flop are much less valuable. Therefore, this hand should be called preflop rather than squeezed. 例如,像 - 4 这样的手牌足够好来挤牌。它有一个高大道对和适合度非常好。而像 这样的手牌有两个较低排名的对,这意味着这手牌可以翻牌的套牌和同花顺牌型要少得多。因此,这手牌应该被称为起手牌而不是挤牌。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB)
The IP player is supposed to never fold against a 3-bet after open-raising when holding a double-paired hand. These hands tend to hit or miss the flop. Decisions are easy and when you do hit ( of the time) you'll do incredibly well against an overpair that is c-bet and stacking off or even against a pair plus draw combination. You should be happy to play 3-bet pots IP 玩家在持有双对手牌时,开牌后面对 3-bet 应该永远不会弃牌。这些手牌往往会命中或错失翻牌。决策很容易,当你命中时( 的时间),你将在面对 c-bet 并全押的对手或者对手加上吸引组合时表现出色。你应该乐意参与 3-bet 的局面。
with these hands in position. 用这些手在位置上。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
Even OOP, a double-paired hand should seldom be folded (only of the time). The EV of these hands will not be the same as when IP because it's harder to realize the equity. Nevertheless, they still are good enough for a call. 即使是 OOP,双对手牌也很少应该弃牌(仅 的时间)。这些手牌的 EV 不会与 IP 时相同,因为更难实现权益。尽管如此,它们仍然足够好以跟注。
Exploitative Tip
If you believe your opponent 3-bets very wide, you could also include some of the best double-suited and connected hands into your 4-betting range. 如果你相信对手 3-bet 范围很宽,你也可以将一些最好的双色和连牌手牌包括在你的 4-bet 范围内。
Adding a hand such as to your 4-betting range makes you a tougher player to play against because your opponents can't assume that you only hold Aces when you are 4-betting. This type of hand also has decent equity against pretty much every hand, so you can call a 5-bet all-in. 将像 这样的手加入到你的 4-bet 范围中,会让你成为一个更难对付的玩家,因为你的对手不能假设你只有 A 时才会 4-bet。这种类型的手对几乎每一手都有相当不错的股权,所以你可以跟注 5-bet all-in。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
When you 3-bet Small Blind versus Button and face a 4-bet, you are supposed to fold of the time. The main determinant when it comes to calling or folding is the playability of the hand. In 4-bet pots, all the money can already go in on the flop with just one bet. 当您在小盲位对位子位进行 3-bet,并面对 4-bet 时,您应该 的时间放弃。在决定跟注还是放弃时,主要的决定因素是手牌的可玩性。在 4-bet 的局面中,只需一次下注,所有的筹码就可能已经在翻牌圈就进去了。 Therefore it's essential that you can profitably call on as many boards as possible and you don't want to end up in 4-bet pots with hands that can rarely continue against a bet because this is a sure fire way to burn a lot of chips. 因此,重要的是您能够有利可图地尽可能多地参与牌局,您不希望以很少能够继续跟注的手牌进入 4-bet 局面,因为这是一种肯定会消耗大量筹码的方法。
For example, all rainbow hands that don't include two Aces should be folded preflop. A hand such as -6 should be folded against a 4-bet because it won't be able to continue often enough against a flop bet. This hand only has one suit, no connectivity, and just one high pair. 例如,所有不包括两个 A 的彩虹手牌都应该在翻牌前弃牌。例如, -6 这样的手牌应该在面对 4-bet 时弃牌,因为它通常无法继续对抗翻牌注码。这手牌只有一个花色,没有连贯性,只有一个高对子。
However, a hand such as is supposed to call a 4-bet because this hand is double-suited meaning it can continue against a bet on more flops. 然而,像 这样的手应该叫 4-bet,因为这手是双花色的,意味着它可以继续对抗更多的翻牌注。
When it comes to 5-betting, you only want to do this with Aces or some very strong double-suited well-connected hands such as 10.However, just calling with this type of hand is also perfectly fine, 在进行 5 次加注时,您只想要使用 A 或一些非常强大的双色连接良好的手牌,例如 10。然而,仅仅跟注这种类型的手牌也是完全可以的。
meaning that the EV for both plays is similar. Make your decision based on how narrow your opponent's 4-betting range is. 这意味着两种玩法的预期价值相似。根据对手的 4 次加注范围有多窄来做出决定。
Category Five: Rundowns
Introduction 介绍
This category includes all hands that have four connected non-paired cards with a maximum of two gaps, for example . There are a total of 15,616 different hands in this category, which means that you get dealt one of these hands about of the time. 该类别包括所有具有四张相连的非配对牌且最多有两个间隙的手牌,例如 。这个类别中总共有 15,616 种不同的手牌,这意味着你大约 的时间会被发到这些手牌之一。
This category includes a wide variety of hands and there is a big difference between their relative strengths. The hand with the highest EV is A -J 10 , which is an amazing hand and ranks in the top . The average rank of this category is . The trash hand is the worst hand in this category. 该类别包括各种各样的手牌,它们的相对强度之间存在很大差异。具有最高期望值的手牌是 A -J 10,这是一个令人惊叹的手牌,排名前 。该类别的平均排名为 。垃圾手牌 是该类别中最差的手牌。
As is well known, rundowns with gaps at the bottom are stronger than rundowns with gaps at the top. This is because when you have a gap at the top, you are more likely to flop a dominated straight draw. For example, if the flop is , you would much rather have the 13 -card nut wrap with -x than or . Note the gap at the top of these non-nutted draws. 众所周知,底部有间隙的连续牌比顶部有间隙的连续牌更强。这是因为当顶部有间隙时,你更有可能翻出一个被主导的顺子牌。例如,如果翻牌是 ,你会更愿意拥有 13 张牌的最佳包牌 -x,而不是 或 。请注意这些非最佳包牌的顶部间隙。
RFI Strategy
All hands in the rundown category are connected. Given this, the two most important determinants are the ranks and the suitedness. High rundowns are much more valuable because they are more likely to flop high pairs and the top end of a straight draw. 所有在顺势类别中的手牌都是相关的。鉴于此,最重要的两个决定因素是等级和适合性。高顺势手牌更有价值,因为它们更有可能翻出高对子和直接抓牌的顶端。 This is especially the case from EP because nuttiness plays a bigger factor. 这在 EP 中尤为突出,因为坚果味道起着更大的作用。
For example, a hand such as will make the bottom end of a straight far more often than a hand such as Q-J-J-8 . The higher the rank of the rundown, the more nutted the hand is and the more likely it is that the hand should be open-raised from EP. Let's consider some numbers to illustrate this concept. 例如,像 这样的手牌会比像 Q-J-J-8 这样的手牌更频繁地形成直线的底端。拥有更高排名的牌组,手牌更有可能是坚果牌,并且更有可能应该从 EP 位置进行开牌。让我们考虑一些数字来阐明这个概念。
Overall, of the hands in this category should be folded from EP and the remaining should be open-raised. Rundowns featuring a Queen are open-raised about of the time from EP whereas rundowns that include a four are only open-raised about of the time. 总体而言,这个类别中 的手牌应该从 EP 处弃牌,剩下的 应该是开牌。从 EP 处开牌的皇后牌型大约 的时间,而包含四的牌型只有大约 的时间开牌。
Suitedness is another critical aspect. Rainbow rundowns are almost always folded from early position (92%). Only the most nutted rainbow combos such as A-K-Q-J should be raised. About of the single-suited rundowns should be open-raised. 适应性是另一个关键方面。 彩虹牌组合几乎总是从早期位置弃牌(92%)。 只有最强大的彩虹组合,如 A-K-Q-J,才应该加注。 大约 的单色牌组合应该被加注。
When it comes to the Button open-raising range, the nuttiness of the hand is less important because there are fewer players left to act, decreasing the likelihood of seeing a multiway flop. From the Button, only the worst of rundown hands should be folded. These either hold a lot of low cards or have very bad suits, for example . The rank of the cards in this hand is just too low to justify an open-raise. This hand will flop very weak holdings such as bottom pair, bottom two pair or weak straight and flush draws. 当涉及到按钮开牌范围时,手牌的疯狂程度不那么重要,因为剩下的玩家较少,减少了看到多路翻牌的可能性。从按钮位置,只有最差的一部分顺子手牌应该被弃牌。这些手牌要么有很多低牌,要么花色非常糟糕,例如 。这手牌中的牌面等级太低,无法证明开牌是合理的。这手牌将翻出非常弱的牌,如底对、底两对或弱直线和同花顺。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
Medium to low rundowns are often dominated by the range of the EP player and do very poorly when it comes to nuttiness. 中低档次的牌局往往受到 EP 玩家的范围主导,在牌力方面表现非常糟糕。
That said, rundowns have good playability in heads-up pots since they generally flop very smooth. For these reasons, about of rundowns should be 3-bet. The hands that want to 3-bet are either double-suited or contain an Ace. Holding an Ace means that it is much less likely you will get 4-bet because you heavily reduce the chance that somebody else at the table is holding Aces. 话虽如此,由于它们通常在翻牌后非常顺利,所以连续牌在两人对战的局中具有很好的可玩性。因此,大约 的连续牌应该进行 3-bet。想要进行 3-bet 的手牌要么是双花色的,要么包含一个 A。拿到一个 A 意味着你很少会被 4-bet,因为你大大降低了其他玩家手中也有 A 的可能性。 Other rundowns that are good candidates for a 3-bet are double-suited rundowns with strong connectivity and medium to high ranks. 其他适合 3-bet 的牌型包括具有强连接性和中高等级的双色牌型。
Rundowns that feature these components often have an equity advantage and the realizability of this equity is very high. A hand such as doesn't include many high cards so it would not perform amazingly well in multiway pots. However, the playability of this hand is extremely high because of the good connectivity and suitedness. 具有这些组成部分的牌组通常具有股权优势,这种股权的实现性非常高。例如 这样的手牌并不包含很多高牌,因此在多路底池中表现不会特别出色。然而,由于良好的连通性和适应性,这手牌的可玩性非常高。 This hand flops very smooth and there will be many different favorable flops for this hand. For these reasons, this hand will maximize its EV by 3-betting. 这手牌非常顺畅,会有许多不同的有利翻牌。因此,这手牌将通过三倍加注最大化其预期价值。
The remaining of rundowns should be called. Remember, when you call an EP raise it is likely you will end up playing a multiway pot and need nutted components. The higher the rank of the rundown, the more likely it is that you should call rather than fold. 剩下的 应该被称为 rundowns。记住,当你叫一个 EP 加注时,很可能会进入一个多路口的局面,需要有最好的牌组成。rundown 的排名越高,你应该叫而不是弃牌的可能性就越大。
Another important factor is the suitedness of the hand. If you are holding good suitedness along with some medium-ranking to high-ranking cards, the chance that you should call is very high. 另一个重要因素是手牌的适合性。如果你手中有一些中等到高等级的牌,并且它们适合的很好,那么你应该跟注的机会非常高。
What about a hand such as 7 - 6 ? The ranks of the cards in this hand are quite low, which means it lacks nuttiness. For that reason, you might think that this hand should be 3-bet. 7 - 6 这样的手如何?这手牌的牌面等级相当低,这意味着它缺乏坚果。因此,您可能会认为这手牌应该进行 3-bet。 But this hand really doesn't have as great equity or playability as the previous one, so it isn't able to gain more EV by 3-betting than by playing in a smaller pot. It does however manage to call profitably and, compared to folding, gains marginal EV. 但是这只手的公平性或可玩性并不像前一个那样高,因此通过三倍加注而不是在较小的底池中玩牌无法获得更多的 EV。然而,它确实能够有利可图地跟注,并且与弃牌相比,获得了微小的 EV。
BB Versus One Opponent BB 对抗一个对手
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
The Big Blind folds about 40% of rundowns when facing an EP raise. You are getting good odds to see a flop with hands that flop very smooth and are a good fit for heads-up pots. 大盲在面对早期加注时,大约有 40%的概率弃牌。你有很好的赔率来看翻牌,手牌非常顺畅,适合单挑局。
The combinations that are folded consist of those with numerous low cards such as or hands that have poor suitedness and connectivity such as Q-Jץ-8 -7 . You could make an argument that Q -J -8 -7 well connected but, compared to all other rundowns, it is one of the worst connected hands because it has two gaps. These two hands don't have enough playability to continue versus a strong EP range and should, therefore, be folded. 组合中包括那些由众多低牌组成的组合,例如 ,或者那些具有较差的同花和连牌性的手牌,例如 Q-Jץ-8 -7。你可以提出一个观点,即 Q -J -8 -7 连牌性较好,但与所有其他连续牌相比,它是最差的之一,因为有两个间隙。这两手牌在面对强大的 EP 范围时没有足够的可玩性,因此应该弃牌。 When the rank of the cards is higher, or the connectivity or suitedness is better, a call becomes profitable. 当牌的等级较高,或连续性或同花更好时,跟注变得有利可图。
Facing an EP raise, the Big Blind is supposed to 3-bet 8.5% of the best rundowns. These hands are all double-suited but this doesn't mean every double-suited hand should 3-bet. 面对 EP 加注,大盲应该对最好的牌型中的 8.5%进行 3 次加注。这些手牌都是双花色的,但这并不意味着每个双花色手牌都应该进行 3 次加注。 All double-suited rundowns that include an Ace should be 3-bet and the absolute best of the best connected and high card ranked hands such as 10 -9 - 9 should also be 3-bet because of the equity advantage and the high realizability of these hands. 所有包含一张 A 的双色连牌都应该进行 3 次加注,而类似 10-9-9 这样连接性和高牌等级最好的手牌也应该进行 3 次加注,因为这些手牌具有优势和高实现性。
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
Against a late position open, the Big Blind is supposed to fold of hands against the Button, call and 3-bet with . 对于晚位置开牌,大盲应该在按钮位时弃牌 手牌,跟注 手牌,并用 手牌进行 3-bet。
Remember the Button is opening about of hands, so you can profitably play a wider range and also be more aggressive compared to when facing an EP open. On average your rundowns will have more equity. 记住按钮开启大约 手,因此您可以更有利地玩更广泛的范围,并且在面对 EP 开启时更具侵略性。平均而言,您的牌组将具有更多的资产。
You are 3-betting about 2.5x times more often than versus an EP raise. Similarly, it still holds true that double-suited hands and hands with an Ace are 3-bet. The difference is that you can now expand your 3-betting range by 您 3-bet 的频率比对面对 EP 加注时高出 2.5 倍。同样,双花色手和有 A 的手是 3-bet。不同之处在于您现在可以扩大您的 3-betting 范围。
adding more double-suited hands and hands with an Ace, either double-suited or single-suited. 添加更多双色手和有一张 A 的手,无论是双色还是单色。
For example, A is a hand that should be called against an EP open-raise because the suitedness isn't good enough to 3-bet. But against a Button open-raise, this hand should be 3-bet. 例如,A 是一只手,应该对抗 EP 的开牌,因为花色不够好,不能进行 3-bet。但是对抗 Button 的开牌,这只手应该进行 3-bet。 The combination of a suited Ace, good connectivity and the high rank of the cards make up for the tripsuitedness and, against a wide opener, this hand gains more EV by 3-betting compared to calling. 适合的 A 牌、良好的连贯性和牌面的高等级弥补了三色牌的不足,在面对宽松开牌者时,与其跟注相比,这手牌通过三倍加注获得更多的预期价值。
BB Versus Two Opponents (Button and MP) BB 对抗两个对手(按钮和 MP)
By now you should know that you must play tighter as more players enter the pot and that nuttiness is very important. Facing two opponents, you should call from the Big Blind with 54% of your rundowns. 到目前为止,您应该知道随着更多玩家进入赌注,您必须打得更紧,并且牌的价值非常重要。面对两个对手,您应该从大盲位跟注 54%的牌组。 This category of hands gives you the ability to flop straights and straight draws that your opponents won't often hold themselves, given that their ranges are more skewed towards high cards and high pairs. 这类手牌让你有能力在翻牌时得到顺子和顺子抽牌的机会,而你的对手通常不会持有这样的牌,因为他们的手牌更倾向于高牌和对子。
Hands that include many low cards still need excellent connectivity and decent suitedness to call. 包含许多低牌的手牌仍需要出色的连贯性和体面的同花色才能跟注。 Importantly, being double-suited in this instance doesn't make up for low disconnected cards because, in a multiway pot, low suits are more often dominated and therefore of lower value. 在这种情况下,双色并不弥补低不相关的牌,因为在多路锅中,低花色往往被主导,因此价值较低。
About of rundowns should squeeze. Your squeezing range consists only of double-suited hands and some of the best possible rundowns with an Ace such as . When it comes to squeezing with double-suited hands, the Ace is not a very important card. The primary determinants are the rank and the connectivity of the rundown. Overall, around half of all the double-suited hands should be squeezed in this scenario. 大约 的牌组应该挤压。您的挤压范围仅包括双色手和一些最好的牌组,如带有 A 的最佳牌组 。在挤压双色手时,A 并不是非常重要的牌。主要的决定因素是牌组的等级和连贯性。总体而言,在这种情况下,大约一半的双色手应该被挤压。
The higher the rank and the better the connectivity, the more likely it is that the Big Blind should squeeze. A hand such as should be called from the Big Blind. A hand such as is a much better candidate to squeeze because it has a much higher EV in a 3-bet, three-way pot at a low SPR. 排名越高,连通性越好,大盲注越有可能进行挤牌。大盲注应该从手牌 中叫注。手牌 更适合挤牌,因为在低 SPR 的三方加注局中,它的预期价值更高。
Exploitative Adjustment
The squeezing frequency is based on the original open-raiser folding about of the time against a Big Blind squeeze. In most small stakes or live games, this will not be the case. 挤压频率是基于原始的开牌者大盲注挤压的 倍。在大多数小注或实况游戏中,情况并非如此。
Your opponent might call much wider than that. If you believe that 你的对手可能会比那个范围更宽。如果你相信
your opponent is folding much less, you should adjust by squeezing a lot tighter. Against such an opponent, don't squeeze with any rundowns that are lower than ten-high, because these hands won't have an equity advantage. 你的对手弃牌较少,你应该通过更紧密地挤压来调整。对于这样的对手,不要用低于十高的任何牌型来挤压,因为这些手牌不会有优势。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB)
Rundowns should seldom be folded against a 3-bet when you are IP. In the Small Blind versus Cutoff scenario, the only hands that could consider folding are Broadway rundowns that have two gaps and marginal suitedness, such as A-K-10-9. Rundowns 应该很少在你处于 IP 时对抗 3-bet 时弃牌。在小盲对冲区的情况下,唯一可能考虑弃牌的手牌是有两个间隔和边缘同花的 Broadway rundowns,比如 A-K-10-9。 The Small Blind 3-betting range has a lot of high Broadway pairs, against which weak Broadway rundowns without much backup don't do very well. All other rundowns have enough equity and realizability to continue against a 3-bet when IP. 小盲位的 3-bet 范围中有很多高 Broadway 对,对弱 Broadway rundowns 而言,没有太多后备的情况下表现不佳。其他所有的 rundowns 在 IP 时有足够的资产和实现性来应对 3-bet。
About of all rundowns should be 4 -betting from the Cutoff when facing a Small Blind 3-bet. Double-suited rundowns can also be an excellent addition to your 4-betting range because they complement an Aces-heavy range so well. 大约 的所有牌组应该从 Cutoff 进行 4-bet,当面对小盲位的 3-bet 时。双色牌组也可以是你 4-bet 范围的绝佳补充,因为它们与以 A 为主的范围非常搭配。
This makes you less predictable. If you only 4-bet with Aces, it becomes straightforward for your opponents to play against you both preflop and postflop. Double-suited rundowns have very high realizability and cover different board structures than Aces. 这会让你变得不那么可预测。如果你只用 Aces 进行 4-bet,那么对手在翻牌前和翻牌后都很容易对抗你。双花色的连续牌具有非常高的实现性,并且覆盖了不同于 Aces 的牌桌结构。 Having some double-suited rundowns in your 4-betting range means your opponent can't blindly bet any flop that isn't good for Aces because you will also hit some medium strength boards with your rundowns, such as a J-10-8-board. 在你的 4-betting 范围中拥有一些双花色的连牌意味着你的对手不能盲目下注任何不适合 A 牌的翻牌,因为你也会在一些中等牌力的翻牌上命中你的连牌,比如 J-10-8 牌。
If you only have Aces in your 4-betting range, you won't hit this board very often, and your opponent can start attacking you on medium and low boards. By having some rundowns in your range, you prevent this from happening. 如果你的 4-betting 范围只有 Aces,你不太可能命中这个牌桌,对手可以开始在中低牌桌上攻击你。通过在你的范围中拥有一些 rundowns,你可以防止这种情况发生。 Furthermore, your opponent won't expect you to have these types of hands, so you can surprise them and get all the money in with a lot of equity on these boards when you do. 此外,你的对手不会预料到你会有这些类型的牌,因此当你有很多资产时,你可以让他们感到惊讶,并在这些牌上把所有的钱都赢回来。 Finally, these double-suited rundowns can also continue against a 5-bet because they have decent equity against Aces. 最后,这些双套牌的牌型也可以继续对抗 5 倍加注,因为它们对 A 牌有相当的赢率。
The hands that should go for a 4-bet are always double-suited along with an Ace and good connectivity, meaning you are less likely to get 5-bet. 应该进行 4-bet 的手牌总是双花色,同时带有一张 A 和良好的连贯性,这意味着你不太可能被 5-bet。 Some hands want to 4-bet without holding an Ace, but these hands need to be very well connected and they shouldn't include many cards that are overlapping with the 3-betting range of your opponent. An example of such a hand is 有些手牌想要进行 4-bet,但并不持有 A 牌,但这些手牌需要非常紧密连接,且不应包含太多与对手 3-bet 范围重叠的牌。这样一手牌的例子是
10 -9-7-6. Again, when discussing 4-betting, adjust to your opponent's preflop tendencies. If someone is 3-betting too narrow, just calling IP and using positional advantage is likely more profitable. 10 -9-7-6。再次,当讨论 4-betting 时,要根据对手的翻牌倾向进行调整。如果有人 3-betting 的范围太窄,仅仅在位置优势下跟注可能更有利可图。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
When facing a 3-bet OOP, the initial raiser should fold only of all rundowns. Fold Broadway rundowns which don't do very well against the Broadway-pair-heavy range of the 3-bettor. 面对 OOP 的 3-bet 时,初始加注者应该只放弃所有的 。 放弃那些在 3-bettor 的 Broadway-pair-heavy 范围中表现不佳的 Broadway rundowns。
When OOP, it becomes more attractive to add some rundowns to your 4betting range because this will lead to low SPRs on the flop meaning you have to play fewer streets with a positional disadvantage. MP should 4-bet about of the time against a Cutoff 3-bet, which is twice as much as the Cutoff versus the Small Blind. The same 4-bet principles hold OOP as IP, but the threshold goes down slightly, meaning you widen your range and include some hands that are slightly weaker. 在面对 OOP 时,将一些 rundowns 添加到你的 4bet 范围会更具吸引力,因为这将导致翻牌时 SPR 较低,这意味着你必须在位置劣势下打更少的街道。中位玩家应该在面对截止位的 3bet 时有大约 的时间 4-bet,这是截止位对小盲位的两倍。OOP 和 IP 都适用相同的 4-bet 原则,但阈值略微降低,这意味着你需要扩大你的范围,并包括一些略微较弱的手牌。 A strong hand such as K -10 -9 -8 should call against a 3-bet when IP but OOP it becomes more attractive to 4bet. This is because when you have a positional disadvantage, you will be able to realize more equity at a lower SPR. 像 K-10-9-8 这样的强手在 IP 时应该跟注对手的 3-bet,但在 OOP 时更有吸引力的是 4bet。这是因为当你处于位置劣势时,你将能够以更低的 SPR 实现更多的权益。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
Rundowns should rarely be 5-bet against a 4-bet because they don't have enough equity against the 4-bet ranges of most players to justify getting all the money in. of the rundowns should call against a 4-bet, and the remaining hands should be folded. Rundowns 应该很少被 5-bet 对抗 4-bet,因为它们对大多数玩家的 4-bet 范围没有足够的资产来证明将所有资金投入是合理的。Rundowns 中的 应该对抗 4-bet,其余的手牌应该弃牌。
A Good Rule of Thumb
Rundowns that include four Broadway cards should be folding against a 4-bet, all the other hands should call. 包括四张百老汇牌的牌型应该在 4-bet 时弃牌,其他所有牌型应该跟注。
The reason for this is that most 4-betting ranges are very Aces-heavy. 这是因为大多数 4-betting 范围都非常偏向 A 牌。
With four Broadway cards, you are usually in terrible shape against Aces because you are very dominated and suffer from a proximity effect. 通常情况下,拥有四张百老汇牌的时候,你对 Aces 的形势通常很糟糕,因为你受到很大的支配,并且遭受接近效应的影响。 This means the chance that you will flop a good hand when you are holding four Broadway cards that are up against Aces is meager because a lot of your outs are blocked. 这意味着当你手中拿着四张 Broadway 牌与 Aces 对抗时,你会翻出好牌的机会很小,因为很多你的外卡都被封堵了。 If you are not holding four Broadway cards, your hand almost always has enough playability and realizability to be able to call the 4-bet. 如果你手中没有四张百老汇牌,你的手牌几乎总是具有足够的可玩性和实现性,可以跟注 4 倍加注。
Category Six: Two Broadway Cards with Two Medium-Low Connectors 六类:两张百老汇牌与两个中低连接器
Introduction 介绍
This category includes all hands that include two Broadway cards and two medium to low connectors. An example of a hand in this category would be . There are a total of 30,976 different hands in this category which means that you get dealt one of these hands about of the time. 该类别包括所有包含两张 Broadway 牌和两个中低连接器的手牌。这个类别中的一个手牌示例是 。在这个类别中总共有 30,976 种不同的手牌,这意味着你大约有 的机会得到其中的一种手牌。
Compared to most other categories, these hands score relatively poorly in equity because they are so disconnected. The hand with the highest EV in this category is , which ranks in the top . The average rank is . 与大多数其他类别相比,这些手牌在公平性方面得分相对较低,因为它们之间没有联系。在这个类别中,EV 值最高的手牌是 ,排名前 。平均排名为 。
RFI Strategy
From EP, only about of all the hands in this category should be openraised. To justify an open-raise, a hand needs to have the right combination of nuttiness and playability. A hand such as is good enough to raise. The A-K high cards with the double suits provide this hand with a lot of nuttiness, compensating for the poor connectivity. 从 EP,这个类别中所有手牌中只有大约 应该是开牌。要证明开牌的合理性,手牌需要具备正确的坚果性和可玩性的组合。像 这样的手牌足够好,可以加注。A-K 高牌与双花色为这手牌提供了很多坚果性,弥补了连接性不佳的缺陷。
A is a hand that should be folded from EP. This hand is also double-suited and has an Ace-high suit but it has lower cards and thus less nuttiness than the previous hand. Therefore it should be folded. 一个 是一个应该从 EP 折叠的手。这手也是双色的,有一个高牌但是有更低的牌,因此比前一个手牌更少。因此应该折叠。
From the Button, about of hands should be open-raised, which is a lot higher compared to the open-raising frequency from EP. The difference is easy to understand. The hands in this category generally have at least some connectivity, and therefore they often have decent playability. 从按钮位置,大约 的手牌应该是开牌的,这比早期位置 的开牌频率要高得多。这种差异很容易理解。这个类别的手牌通常至少有一定的连贯性,因此它们通常具有不错的可玩性。 However, a lot of these hands lack nuttiness, which is very important when it comes to an EP raising range. From the Button, playability is more important than nuttiness, which explains the massive difference between the EP and Button openraising range. 然而,很多这些手牌缺乏坚果味,而在提高 EP 的范围时,这一点非常重要。从按钮位置来看,可玩性比坚果味更重要,这解释了 EP 和按钮位置的开牌范围之间的巨大差异。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
About of all hands in this category should be folded from MP against an EP open-raise. The hands in this category don't have the components which are needed in multiway pots, so the folding frequency in this situation is very high. 在这个类别中, 的手牌应该从 MP 对抗 EP 的开牌中弃牌。这个类别中的手牌没有多路底池所需的组成部分,因此在这种情况下的弃牌频率非常高。 The hands that should be called are the hands that score the highest when it comes to nuttiness. 应该被称为的手是在坚果方面得分最高的手。
Almost all the hands that call contain a suited Ace. Holding this card improves the nuttiness of a hand and therefore makes it a much better fit for a multiway pot. An example of a hand that should call in this situation is A Q -54.4. This hand is double-suited and it has an Ace-high suit meaning it at least has some nutted components. The nut suit gives you the possibility to dominate your opponents postflop, which is one of the most important features of a hand in multiway pots. 几乎所有叫牌的手牌都包含一张合适的 A。持有这张牌可以提高手牌的最佳性,并因此使其更适合多路底池。在这种情况下应该叫牌的一个例子是 A Q -54.4。这手牌是双花色的,而且有一张 A 高花色,这意味着至少有一些最佳组合。最佳花色让你有可能在后翻牌时压制对手,这是多路底池中手牌最重要的特点之一。 Although the connectivity isn't the best, there is still a chance to flop straights or straight draws with this hand which makes it more profitable to call than fold. 尽管连接性不是最好的,但仍然有机会用这手牌打出顺子或顺子抽牌,这使得跟注比弃牌更有利可图。
Some of the most connected double-suited hands can still be used for a 3bet. For example, Q -10-9 -7 is an excellent hand to 3-bet because it lacks in nuttiness but scores very well when it comes to playability. With this hand, you benefit from pushing out players behind you who are still left to act. 一些最有连结性的双色手牌仍然可以用于 3bet。例如,Q-10-9-7 是一个很好的 3-bet 手牌,因为它在坚果牌方面不足,但在可玩性方面得分很高。有了这张手牌,你可以受益于推出还有玩家在你后面等待行动。 This hand also does well in heads-up 3-bet pots because it has a very smooth equity distribution profile, meaning it flops a decent amount of equity on a lot of different boards. 这手牌在对决 3-bet 盲注的情况下也表现不错,因为它具有非常平滑的权益分布特征,意味着它在许多不同的牌桌上都能获得相当数量的权益。
BB Versus One Opponent BB 对抗一个对手
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
Against a strong EP raise, you should fold of the hands in this category and only about should be called. You have a high fold frequency because the EP's range includes a lot of hands that are more nutted than the hands in this category and many hands are directly dominated by the highcard-heavy EP range. 对于一个强大的 EP 加注,你应该弃掉这个类别中的 手牌,只有大约 手牌应该跟注。你有很高的弃牌频率,因为 EP 的范围包括很多比这个类别中的手牌更有价值的手牌,而且很多手牌直接被以高牌为主的 EP 范围所支配。
The hands that call have good playability and realizability. Hands such as and are two examples of hands that can call from the Big Blind against an EP open-raise. These hands are both double-suited and have some decent connectivity and thus, realizability. 呼叫的手牌具有良好的可玩性和实现性。 例如 和 这样的手牌是大盲注可以对抗 EP 开牌的两个例子。 这些手牌都是双花色的,具有一定的连贯性,因此具有实现性。
The hands in this category that have the absolute best playability should be 3-bet, for example - . This hand has decent connectivity and suitedness as well as some high cards. It is therefore a very good fit for 在这个类别中,具有绝对最佳可玩性的手应该是 3-bet,例如 - 。这手牌具有相当不错的连贯性和适应性,以及一些高牌。因此,它非常适合。
heads-up 3-bet pots. Be aware that only about of all hands in this category should be 3-bet because most hands in this category are not benefiting from building a big pot against the tight EP open-raising range. Playing exploitatively, this can easily diminish to versus a tighter EP raiser or someone who will never fold against a 3-bet. 在 heads-up 3-bet 奖池中。请注意,这类手牌中只有大约 的手牌应该进行 3-bet,因为这类手牌中的大多数手牌并不受益于与紧 EP 开牌范围建立大奖池。从利用性玩法来看,这很容易降低到 ,尤其是对于一个更紧 EP 的加注者或一个永远不会对 3-bet 放弃的人。
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
Facing the Button, the Big Blind should only fold of the time with calling and -betting. The Big Blind can include more hands into calling and 3-betting ranges because they are facing a much wider range. A hand such as A-K-6-5 can be called against the Button but not against the EP player. 面对按钮,大盲应该只有 的时间与 呼叫和 -投注。 大盲可以将更多手牌包括在呼叫和 3-betting 范围内,因为他们面对的范围更广。 例如 A-K-6-5 这样的手牌可以对按钮进行呼叫,但不能对 EP 玩家进行呼叫。 Facing the Button, you don't need a perfect combination of all the different components. The high card value and the decent connectivity make up for the weak suitedness so the hand should be called. 面对按钮,您不需要所有不同组件的完美组合。高牌值和良好的连通性弥补了套牌弱点,因此应该叫牌。 Against an EP raise, you need a stronger combination of suitedness, connectivity, and high card value to be able to play. 对抗一个 EP 加注,你需要更强的适应性、连贯性和高牌价值的组合才能玩。
Almost all of the of hands that 3-bet are double-suited. Double-suited hands with decent connectivity and high card value should almost always be 3-bet in this situation, an example being . Remember that the most critical parameter for 3-betting from the Big Blind is the realizability of equity. Because this hand has such good suitedness, connectivity and high card value, the realizability is very high. It therefore maximizes EV by 3betting. 几乎所有 3-bet 的手牌都是双色的。在这种情况下,具有良好连接性和高牌值的双色手牌几乎总是应该 3-bet,例如 。记住,从大盲位 3-bet 最关键的参数是权益的实现性。由于这手牌具有如此良好的同花、连接性和高牌值,实现性非常高。因此,通过 3-bet 最大化了 EV。
The rare single-suited hands from this category that are 3-betting have multiple strong components, such as the strong high card value and connectivity found in . 来自这个类别的罕见的单色手牌中,有多个强大的组成部分在 3-betting 中,比如在 中发现的强大的高牌价值和连贯性。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB)
The hands from this category that are raised from the Cutoff have high realizability. As a result, only the worst of the hands in this category should be folding against a 3-bet when IP. For example, hands such as A K -7 -5. The suitedness and connectivity are very mediocre and this hand is often dominated by the Small Blind 3-betting range. 来自 Cutoff 的这个类别中被加注的手牌具有很高的实现性。因此,只有这个类别中最差的 手牌在 IP 时应该对 3-bet 进行弃牌。例如,像 A K -7 -5 这样的手牌。适应性和连贯性都非常一般,这手牌经常会被小盲位的 3-bet 范围所压制。 These factors make it hard to realize full equity with this hand and therefore it should be folded. 这些因素使得很难用这手牌实现完全的公平,因此应该弃牌。
A few hands, about of this category, are good candidates to 4 -bet versus the Small Blind. These hands are double-suited, well connected and feature an Ace. A hand such as A would be an excellent hand to 一些手牌,大约 属于这个类别,是对抗小盲位 4-bet 的好选择。这些手牌是双色、连接性强且有一张 A。像 A 这样的手牌将是一个很好的选择。
4-bet. It blocks Aces and has very high realizability because of its good connectivity and suitedness. The rare hands without an Ace that can be used to 4-bet are ones such as . Keep in mind that you only want to 4-bet this type of hand if you know your opponent isn't 3-betting exclusively with Aces and you have some fold equity. 4-bet。它阻止了 Aces,并且由于其良好的连通性和适合性,具有非常高的实现性。可以用来 4-bet 的没有 Aces 的稀有手牌,例如 。请记住,只有在您知道对手不是专门用 Aces 进行 3-bet,并且您有一些弃牌权益时,才想要 4-bet 这种类型的手牌。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
When you are OOP, you should be calling less and 4-betting more, compared to when IP. Aim to fold about of hands, more than double than when playing IP. A hand such as A - should be folded because this hand doesn't have enough realizability to call profitably OOP. Playing IP, this hand could be called because it is easier to realize its full equity. 当您处于 OOP 时,与处于 IP 时相比,您应该少打电话,多进行 4-bet。目标是要折牌约 的手牌,比在 IP 时多出一倍以上。像 A - 这样的手牌应该折牌,因为这手牌在 OOP 时没有足够的实现性以盈利打电话。在 IP 时,这手牌可以打电话,因为更容易实现其全部权益。
Playing OOP, about of these hands should be 4 -bet, which is also double the frequency as when you are IP. Again, the main reason for this is the fact that when OOP, it's harder to realize equity because you will be playing multiple streets with a positional disadvantage. 玩 OOP,大约 这些手应该是 4 -bet,这也是当你是 IP 时的两倍频率。再次,这样做的主要原因是 OOP 时更难实现权益,因为你将以位置劣势玩多条街。 By 4-betting, you are setting up an SPR of close to 1 and the rest of money can go in on the flop, minimizing your positional disadvantage. 通过 4-bet,您正在设定一个接近 1 的 SPR,并且剩下的钱可以在翻牌圈进去,最大程度地减少您的位置劣势。
The hands that should be 4-bet are made up of double-suited hands with an Ace. The difference between 4-betting IP or OOP is that OOP the minimum required connectivity is less. Playing IP you want all four cards to be somewhat connected, but OOP that doesn't have to be the case. 应该进行 4-bet 的手牌由带有一张 A 的双花色手牌组成。在 IP 或 OOP 进行 4-bet 的区别在于,OOP 所需的最低连通性较低。在 IP 中,您希望所有四张牌都有一定的连接性,但在 OOP 中,情况并非如此。 Playing OOP, you can 4-bet a hand such as A . When IP, this hand would just be calling. 在玩 OOP 时,你可以 4-bet 一手像 A 这样的牌。当 IP 时,这手牌只会跟注。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
Most hands that the Small Blind would 3-bet in this category have a lot of playability, so most of them can continue versus a 4-bet (80%). Since all hands that 3-bet are already well connected, the primary factor is suitedness. 大多数小盲注会在这种情况下 3-bet 的手牌都具有很强的可玩性,因此大多数手牌可以继续对抗 4-bet(80%)。由于所有 3-bet 的手牌都已经很好地连接在一起,主要因素是同花。
Interestingly, about of the double-suited hands should be called, while about of the non-double-suited hands should fold. The double-suited hands that should fold have a combination of weak connectivity and low cards, for example A . 有趣的是,大约 的双花色手牌应该跟注,而大约 的非双花色手牌应该弃牌。应该弃牌的双花色手牌具有弱连接性和低牌面的组合,例如 A 。
Hands that are single-suited but are calling must be well connected and need some high and medium ranking cards. For example, is a hand that is non-double-suited, but should still be calling a 4-bet. This hand 单色手牌必须要有一定的连接性,并且需要一些高牌和中牌。例如, 是一手非双色手牌,但仍应该跟注 4 倍加注。这手牌
has great connectivity, decent suitedness and is not directly dominated by Aces, all of which makes it more likely that you will be able to realize your equity. 具有良好的连接性,适度的适应性,并且不直接受到 Aces 的主导,这些都使得您更有可能能够实现您的权益。
Category Seven: Three Card Rundown with a Broadway Card 七类牌:三张牌的概述与一张大牌
Introduction 介绍
This category includes all hands with a three-card non-Broadway rundown, with a maximum of one gap, plus a Broadway card. An example of a hand in this category would be - . There are a total of 17,152 different hands in this category which means that you get dealt one of these hands about of the time. 该类别包括所有具有三张非 Broadway 顺子的手牌,最多有一个间隔,并且有一张 Broadway 牌。该类别中一个手牌的示例是 - 。在这个类别中总共有 17,152 种不同的手牌,这意味着你大约有 的机会得到其中的一种手牌。
On average, hands in this category aren't very strong when it comes to raw equity. The hand with the highest EV in this category is A , which ranks in the top of hands. The average rank of this category is . 在这个类别中,平均而言,手牌在原始资产方面并不是很强大。这个类别中 EV 值最高的手牌是 A ,在所有手牌中排名前 。这个类别的平均排名是 。
RFI Strategy
Early Position 早期位置
Most hands in this category lack nuttiness, which is crucial for your EP range. Therefore, around of this category should be folded. The hands that do want to open-raise are mostly strong double-suited combinations. Double-suited hands that do not contain an Ace but do include wheel cards should be folded. All the other double-suited hands should be open-raised. 在这个类别中,大多数手牌缺乏坚果牌,这对你的 EP 范围至关重要。因此,这个类别中大约 应该弃牌。那些想要开牌的手牌大多是强大的双花色组合。不包含 A 牌但包含轮牌的双花色手牌应该弃牌。其他所有的双花色手牌都应该开牌。
For example, is a hand that lacks nuttiness. It has three cards which are close to being wheel cards and the Queen is disconnected and not strong enough to cover for the lack of nuttiness. This hand is therefore a fold. The hand has higher ranked cards and slightly more nuttiness. This hand is a marginal raise from EP but should generally still be folded if you expect multiple callers. 例如, 是一只缺乏坚果的手牌。它有三张接近轮牌的牌,女王是不连贯的,也不足以弥补缺乏坚果的不足。因此,这手牌应该弃牌。手牌 拥有更高级别的牌和略微更多的坚果。这手牌是从 EP 中较小的加注,但如果你预计会有多个跟注者,通常还是应该弃牌的。
Hands from this category that are not double-suited combinations should mostly be folded. The single-suited hands which we can still raise from EP are three medium high-card rundowns with a suited Ace. A suited Ace with wheel cards should still be folded from this position. 不是双色组合的这个类别的手牌大多数应该弃牌。我们仍然可以从 EP 位置加注的单色手牌是三个中等高点数的顺子手牌,其中包括一个同花 A。带有轮牌的同花 A 仍然应该从这个位置弃牌。
Button 按钮
Overall, you are raising the stronger of this category from the Button. From this position, nuttiness becomes less critical compared to playability. The hands in this category always have at least three cards that are connected, but you still want to pay attention to the precise rank of the Broadway card. 总的来说,您正在从按钮位置提升这个类别的更强者 。 从这个位置来看,与可玩性相比,坚果的重要性变得不那么关键。 这个类别中的手牌始终至少有三张相连的牌,但您仍然要注意 Broadway 牌的精确等级。
A three-card rundown with an Ace should be opened about of the time, whereas a three-card rundown with a ten is only opened about of the time. Use your judgment and remember to adjust versus the opponents at the table. If they are loose or aggressive, be a little more selective with your opening range. 三张牌中有一张 A 的顺子应该有 的时间开牌,而有一张 10 的顺子只有 的时间开牌。要凭直觉,并记得根据桌上对手调整。如果他们玩得松散或激进,开牌范围要更加谨慎。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
Almost every hand in this category should be folding from MP against an EP raise (92%). The hands in this category aren't strong enough to justify a call because they are so easily dominated and don't have a lot of nuttiness. 在中位位置对早期位置的加注,几乎每一手都应该弃牌(92%)。这类手牌并不够强大,无法证明叫注是正确的,因为它们很容易被主导,而且没有太多的优势。
The few hands that can be called (5%), include some of the most connected Ace-high suited hands such as A -8 -7 -6. Logically, the of hands from this category that 3-bet are the most connected double-suited hands with an Ace, for example A . 可以称之为的少数手牌(5%)包括一些最相关的高牌同花手牌,例如 A -8 -7 -6。从这个类别中,逻辑上,3-bet 的手牌中最相关的是带有 A 的双花色手牌,例如 A。
BB Versus One Opponent BB 对抗一个对手
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
The player in the Big Blind must play relatively tightly against an EP openraise and should therefore fold about of these hands and call with the rest. In this category there is no hand good enough to inflate the pot by 3betting, since none of them have an equity advantage against an EP range. 大盲注的玩家必须相对保守地对抗早期位置的加注,并且应该因此弃掉大约 的手牌,剩下的则应该跟注。在这个范畴中,没有一手牌足够好以 3bet 的方式增加底池,因为它们都没有对抗早期位置牌谱的优势。
The calling range consists mainly of the double-suited and the best single-suited hands. A hand such as should be called because of the combination of decent suitedness and decent connectivity. The hand J-4-3 has almost the same type of suitedness and connectivity as the previous example but the rank of the cards in this hand is lower which makes folding the correct play. 的呼叫范围主要包括双色和最好的单色手牌。像 这样的手牌应该叫牌,因为具有体面的同花和体面的连贯性的组合。手牌 J-4-3 几乎具有与前一个示例相同类型的同花和连贯性,但是这手牌中的牌面等级较低,因此弃牌是正确的策略。 In the long run, calling would just cost money. 从长远来看,打电话只会花钱。
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
Against a much wider Button range, the Big Blind can widen his calling range and even 3 -bet some hands. About of hands should be folded, should be called, and should be used to 3-bet. 在更广泛的按钮范围下,大盲可以扩大他的跟注范围,甚至可以对一些手牌进行 3 -bet。大约 手牌应该弃牌, 手牌应该跟注, 手牌应该用来 3-bet。
The hands that are good enough to 3-bet are double-suited hands with high ranked cards and great connectivity. Double-suited hands with an Ace-high or King-high suit are 3-betting about half the time, when they have mediumhigh side cards. 足够好的 3-bet 手牌是双色手牌,带有高级别牌和良好连接性。带有高级别牌(A 或 K)的双色手牌在有中高级别侧牌时有大约一半的 3-bet 概率。 But a double-suited hand with a ten in this category is never 3-betting. 但是在这种情况下,带有十点的双色手牌永远不会进行 3 次加注。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB)
In this situation, the IP open-raiser should never be folding against a Small Blind 3-bet. All hands in this category that are opened by the Cutoff flop with a smooth equity distribution. 在这种情况下,IP 开牌者不应该对小盲位的 3-bet 放弃。这个类别中的所有手牌都应该在 Cutoff 翻牌时具有平滑的权益分配。 As a result, the realizability of these hands is good enough to call a preflop 3-bet when IP. 因此,这些手的可实现性足够好,可以在 IP 时称为 3-bet。
Some of the most connected double-suited hands with an Ace can also be used as a 4-bet. Hands such as A flop a high amount of equity on a high frequency of different boards, block Aces, and can call a 5-bet preflop. 一些最有连结性的双色手牌中带有一张 A 的手牌也可以用作 4-bet。像 A 这样的手牌在不同牌面上有很高的股权,封堵 A,并且可以在翻牌前跟注 5-bet。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
Similarly, OOP almost every hand that was raised from MP should be called. Just fold the worst of hands. As before, the main difference between being IP or OOP is the 4 -betting range. 同样,MP 几乎每一只加注的手都应该跟注。只需弃掉最差的 手牌。与之前一样,IP 或 OOP 的主要区别在于 4 -betting 范围。
MP is supposed to 4 -bet almost of hands, which is more than double the 4-bet frequency from IP. As you now know by now, it's tough to realize equity when you play multiple streets OOP. Combined with preflop fold equity, you maximize your EV with some hands by 4-betting compared to calling OOP. MP 应该 4-bet 几乎 手牌,这比 IP 的 4-bet 频率高出一倍以上。正如你现在所知道的,当你在 OOP 玩多条街时,很难实现权益。结合起手圈折叠权益,与在 OOP 跟注相比,通过 4-bet 一些手牌可以最大化你的 EV。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
It's rather straightforward to play against a preflop 4-bet with hands from this category. They always call, even OOP. The reason is that the 3-betting range is only made up of the best suited and most connected hands. 对于来自这个类别的手牌进行预翻牌 4-bet 是相当直截了当的。他们总是跟注,即使在 OOP 的情况下。原因是 3-bet 范围仅由最适合和最相连的手牌组成。 These hands all score very well when it comes to realizability and, therefore, they can all call 4-bets. 这些手在实现性方面得分都很高,因此它们都可以跟注 4 倍。
Category Eight: Mid-Low Pairs 第八类:中低对
Introduction 介绍
This category includes all hands that have a single pair between 2-2 and 9-9. Hands with three cards of the same rank, such as , and doublepaired hands are excluded. There are a total of 50,688 different hands in this category which means that you get dealt one of these hands of the time. 该类别包括所有在 2-2 和 9-9 之间有一对的手牌。排除了三张相同等级的手牌,如 ,以及双对手牌。在这个类别中总共有 50,688 种不同的手牌,这意味着你会有 的机会被发到其中一种手牌。
The raw equity of the hands in this category on average isn't strong. The hand with the highest EV in this category is A , which ranks in the top of hands. The average rank of this category is . 这个类别中手牌的原始公平度平均不强。这个类别中 EV 最高的手牌是 A ,在所有手牌中排名前 。这个类别的平均排名是 。
RFI Strategy
Early Position 早期位置
From early position, very few mid-low pairs are supposed to raise (8%). The only hands that are included in the EP open-raising range are the most nutted double-suited hands. 从早期位置,几乎不应该加注中低对手牌(8%)。唯一包括在早期位置开牌范围内的手牌是最有价值的双花色手牌。
Some examples of hands from this category are: 这个类别中的一些手的例子是:
A 一个
This double-suited hand has some connectivity and a nut suit and is therefore good enough to raise from EP. 这手牌有一定的连贯性和一个坚果花色,因此足够好以从 EP 加注。
A 一个
This hand also has a nut suit and is better connected than the previous hand. But the ranks of the cards are much lower and easily dominated. This hand is a fold. 这手牌也有一个坚果套装,比上一手更好连接。但是牌的等级要低得多,容易被主导。这手牌是一个弃牌。
This hand doesn't have any high cards but all four cards are connected and it is double-suited. This makes up for the low rank of the cards and results in it being a profitable raise from EP. 这手牌没有高牌,但四张牌都连在一起,并且是双色的。这弥补了牌的低等级,并使其成为从 EP 位置加注的有利之选。
Button 按钮
From the Button, you can raise about of all mid-low pairs. The main differentiator is the rank of the pair. About of all 9-9-x-x combinations should be opened, compared to only about of all 2-2-x-x. 从按钮位置,您可以加注大约 所有中低对。主要的区别在于对的等级。大约 所有 9-9-x-x 组合应该被打开,而 2-2-x-x 组合只有大约 。
The second most important factor is the suitedness of the hand. Only about of all rainbow hands should open-raise, whereas about of all the double-suited hands should be open-raised. A single-suited hand such as A is a raise from the Button, but a fold from any other position. Changing the Ace into a King or making it a rainbow hand makes it a fold even from the Button. 第二个最重要的因素是手牌的适应性。所有彩虹手牌中只有约 应该开牌,而双色手牌中约 应该开牌。像 A 这样的单色手牌应该在庄家位加注,但在其他位置应该弃牌。将 A 换成 K 或者变成彩虹手牌,即使在庄家位也应该弃牌。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
The hands in this category are generally very non-nutted and therefore they should rarely be calling a raise. You should fold , call and 3 -bet of mid-low pairs. 在这个类别中的手通常非常不牢固,因此它们很少应该跟注。你应该弃牌 ,跟注 ,并 3 -bet 中低对。
The hands that call are some medium-high pairs, suited to the Ace or some of the most connected double-suited hands such as . Hands that 3-bet are double-suited and have both an Ace with decent connectivity, for example A . 呼叫的手牌是一些中高对,适合 A 或一些最相连的双色手牌,例如 。3-bet 的手牌是双色的,同时有一个 A 和良好的连接性,例如 A 。
BB Versus One Opponent BB 对抗一个对手
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
Against an open-raise from EP, the Big Blind is supposed to fold about , call and 3 -bet with just the top of hands. Again, the rank of the pair is the most important factor, followed by suitedness and connectivity. To call from the Big Blind versus EP, you will need a combination of these three factors. 对于来自 EP 的开牌,大盲注应该大约弃牌 ,跟注 ,并只用顶部 手牌进行 3 -bet。再次强调,对子的等级是最重要的因素,其次是同花和连牌。在大盲注对 EP 的跟注中,您将需要这三个因素的组合。
For example, has decent connectivity, has one of the higher pairs in this category and is single-suited. Together these components make this a profitable call. The hand has the same pair and is doublesuited, but the doesn't add value to this hand and makes folding the best option against an EP raise. 例如, 具有良好的连接性,在此类别中拥有较高的一对,并且是单色。这些组件共同使这个牌型成为一个有利可图的叫注。手牌 有相同的一对,并且是双色,但是 对这手牌没有增值,因此在早期位置加注时,弃牌是最佳选择。
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
Playing from the Big Blind against a Button raise, you should fold about , call and 3 -bet with mid-low pairs. Your calling and 3-betting 从大盲位对付庄家的加注,你应该放弃大约 ,跟注 ,并用中低对手牌进行 3 -bet 。您的跟注和 3-bet
ranges are significantly wider.
Let's consider some examples of hands you might want to fold against an EP open-raise but that you should play against the Button. 让我们考虑一些你可能想要放弃对手牌的例子,但你应该在按钮位打的例子。
A 一个
This hand, with a low-ranking pair and weak suitedness, isn't good enough to call versus a dominating EP range. However, when your opponent's range becomes wider, this hand gains enough equity and realizability to justify a call. 这手牌,带有低级对子和弱套牌,不足以应对主导的 EP 范围。然而,当对手的范围变得更广时,这手牌获得足够的资产和实现性,以证明可以跟注。
- 2
Similarly, this weak hand is too heavily dominated by the EP range but, given its two suits, plays decently versus a wider Button raising range. 同样,这只弱手受 EP 范围的控制太严重,但考虑到它有两种花色,对更广泛的 Button 加注范围表现还不错。
This hand can call an EP raise, but should 3-bet against the Button. There are a few reasons that explain this difference. The hand doesn't hold an Ace blocker, which makes it much more likely that you get 4bet when you 3-bet versus EP compared to the Button. 这手牌可以跟注 EP 的加注,但应该对 Button 进行 3-bet。有几个原因可以解释这种差异。这手牌没有 A 的阻挡牌,这使得在对 EP 进行 3-bet 时比对 Button 更有可能被 4bet。 When 3-betting against the Button, not having an Ace is not as important because Aces are a much smaller part of their range. 当对付按钮进行 3 次加注时,没有 A 不那么重要,因为 A 是他们范围中的一小部分。
Additionally, this hand has more equity versus the Button compared to the EP open-raising range. Your fold equity should also be higher and you are less likely to be dominated by a better flush or straight draws. 此外,与 EP 的开牌范围相比,这手在与 Button 的对决中拥有更多的股权。您的弃牌股权也应更高,而且您更不太可能被更好的同花顺或顺子牌型所支配。 When the Button calls, you improve your board coverage on medium-low boards and gain some bluffing opportunities on dry Ace-high flops. 当按钮发起挑战时,您可以提高对中低牌桌的覆盖率,并在干燥的 A 高牌翻牌上获得一些虚张声势的机会。
Big Blind Versus Two Opponents (Button and MP)
Facing two players, the Big Blind should fold about and call about of mid-low pairs. The reason for this high folding frequency is the lack of nuttiness. Although the Big Blind is getting an excellent price to try and flop a set as more players enter the pot the nuttiness requirement increases. 面对两名玩家,大盲应该放弃约 ,并叫约 的中低对。这种高放弃频率的原因是缺乏坚果牌。尽管大盲有很好的价格尝试在更多玩家进入底池时翻牌,但坚果牌的要求也在增加。
If you have a nut suit and great connectivity, or a medium pair with a good suit you can stick around. An example of a hand that should be called is A . This hand has a very weak pair and some weak connectivity. But the suited Ace adds enough nuttiness to the hand to make it a profitable call. 如果你有一个坚果套装和很好的连通性,或者一个中等对子和一个好的套装,你可以留下来。一个应该叫的手的例子是 A 。这手有一个非常弱的对子和一些弱的连通性。但是同花的 A 足够增加这手的坚果性,使之成为一个有利可图的叫注。
Although small pairs aren't very nutted, they can still be played if they have backup. Flopping a set of deuces on a Q -8 - 2 board would be a decent result if you have a backdoor flush draw and straight draw to accompany it. If you have no backup, you are going to have trouble realizing the equity of your hands and should prefer to fold. 尽管小对子并不是很有价值,但如果有后手支持,仍然可以玩。在 Q-8-2 牌面上摊出一副二对会是一个不错的结果,如果你有后门同花顺和顺子的补充。如果没有后手支持,你将很难实现手牌的价值,最好选择弃牌。
A hand such as - 4 should just be folded. Only the King and Queen are connected, and the suitedness isn't as good as in the previous example. This makes it a fold when facing two opponents. 像 - 4 这样的手牌应该直接弃牌。只有国王和皇后是相连的,而且花色匹配程度不如前面的例子好。面对两个对手时,这种情况就是要弃牌。
Even though this category scores weakly in nuttiness, the top of midlow pairs can be squeezed. Limit yourself to the most connected doublesuited hands such as , or double-suited hands with excellent blockers to 4-betting ranges, for example A . 尽管这个类别在疯狂程度上得分较低,但中低对的前 名可以被挤压。限制自己只玩最有连贯性的双花手牌,比如 ,或者有出色阻挡牌的双花手牌,比如 A 。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB)
You might think that against a 3-bet, hands from this category would have to fold a lot because paired hands usually flop a rough equity distribution. 您可能会认为,在面对 3-bet 时,这类手牌必须要放弃很多,因为成对的手牌通常在翻牌后有一个较为均衡的分布。 That is certainly true but remember that to open-raise from the Cutoff with a midlow pair, you need additional backup in the form of good connectivity, suitedness, or both. 这当然是真的,但请记住,要在 Cutoff 位置以中低对子开牌,你需要额外的支持,比如良好的连牌性、同花色,或两者兼具。
For this reason, you can call with almost any hand opened (95%). Just fold some of the hands with bad suitedness that are directly dominated by the Small Blind 3-betting range, for example K-Q -9 or A - . Against a Broadway-heavy and Aces-heavy 3-betting range, these hands are too often directly dominated, and they can only call when double-suited. 因此,您几乎可以用任何手牌(95%)打电话。只需弃掉一些不适合的手牌,这些手牌直接被小盲位的 3-bet 范围所支配,例如 K-Q-9 或 A- 。对于以 Broadway 和 Aces 为主的 3-bet 范围,这些手牌经常会被直接支配,只有在双花色时才能打电话。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
Even playing OOP, you can call most of the mid-low pairs that you initially raised. Again, this is because of the additional components of the hand. When OOP, you do fold almost three times as much (14%) and call the rest. 即使在 OOP 玩,您也可以叫起初加注的大多数中低对子。再次,这是因为手牌的额外组成部分。在 OOP 时,您几乎要弃牌三倍多(14%),并叫剩下的。
A critical factor to consider is the hands that comprise your opponent's 3betting range and how those hands interact with your range. Let's compare two hands to discuss this concept in more detail. 考虑的一个关键因素是对手的 3bet 范围所包含的手牌,以及这些手牌如何与你的手牌范围互动。让我们比较两手来更详细地讨论这个概念。
K -J -9 -9»: This hand should fold. K -J -9 -9»:这手牌应该弃牌。
: This hand should call. :这手应该叫。
It might seem counterintuitive to fold the seemingly stronger hand and call the weaker one. The hand K-J-9 - has a higher-ranked pair, higherranked side cards, better suitedness and the connectivity is very similar. However, if you think about the Cutoff 3-betting range versus MP, it starts to make much more sense. 这可能看起来有些违反直觉,把看似更强的手弃掉,却选择跟看似更弱的手。手牌 K-J-9 - 有更高排名的对子,更高排名的边牌,更好的同花色以及连接性非常相似。然而,如果你考虑到中位加注范围与中前位的对决,这种做法就开始变得更有意义了。 The Cutoff is mostly 3-betting with hands that include a lot of Broadway cards and high pairs, against which K -J is very often directly dominated. On the other hand is less often dominated, meaning it will be easier to realize the full equity of the hand and there is a smaller chance of losing a big pot. 截止线大多数情况下会用包含许多大牌和高对子的手牌进行 3-bet,而 K-J 往往会直接被支配。另一方面,A-Q 较少被支配,这意味着更容易实现手牌的全部权益,且输掉大锅的机会较小。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
Facing a 4-bet from the Button, the Small Blind should fold about half of the mid-low pairs after 3-betting. Most 4-betting ranges are heavily skewed towards Aces, meaning that medium-strength pair hands are heavily dominated and are often better off folding preflop. 面对来自按钮位置的 4 次加注,小盲应该在 3 次加注后弃牌大约一半的中低对手牌。大多数 4 次加注范围都倾向于 A,这意味着中等强度的对手牌很容易被主导,通常最好在翻牌前弃牌。 The hands that should be calling are the most connected non-Broadway double-suited hands such as and . 应该叫牌的手牌是最相关的非百老汇双色手牌,例如 和 。
Category Nine: Ragged Hands 第九类:破烂的手
Introduction 介绍
The final preflop category that we will discuss is a slightly weird one. It includes all the hands that weren't included in any of the previous categories. You could say that the ragged category could also be called the "leftovers". 我们将讨论的最后一个翻牌前分类有点奇怪。它包括所有没有包含在任何先前分类中的手牌。你可以说,残缺的分类也可以称为“剩下的”。
This category is the largest one, including a total of 103,885 hands. This means that you get dealt one of these hands about of the time. 这个类别是最大的一个,包括总共 103,885 个手。这意味着你大约 的时间会得到其中的一手。
Most of these hands have low raw equity and are folded in almost every situation. The hand with the highest EV in this category is A-A -10 which ranks in the top of hands. The average rank of this category is . 大多数这些手牌的原始资产低,几乎在任何情况下都会弃牌。在这个类别中,EV 值最高的手牌是 A-A -10,排名前 。这个类别的平均排名是 。
Because this category is so diverse, it's hard to explain the patterns and ideas which drive specific preflop action. For that reason, we will mainly consider specific hand examples in this final preflop category section. 由于这个类别如此多样化,很难解释驱动特定翻牌动作的模式和想法。因此,我们将主要考虑这个最终翻牌类别部分中的具体手牌示例。
RFI strategy
Early Position 早期位置
Only about of ragged hands should be raised from EP. This includes all trip Aces hands, and double-suited hands that are connected but not enough to be labeled "rundowns", for example J -10-9 -3 , which has a dangler. 只有大约 的破烂手应该从 EP 中加注。这包括所有的三条 A 手和双花色手,它们是相连的,但不足以被标记为“rundowns”,例如 J-10-9-3,其中有一个悬挂牌。 This hand has decent connectivity and suitedness along with some high cards. For those reasons, this hand should be open-raised. Because of the 3 r dangler, this hand doesn't fit into any other category. 这手牌具有良好的连贯性和适应性,同时还有一些高牌。基于这些原因,这手牌应该被公开加注。由于有 3 个悬挂牌,这手牌不适合任何其他类别。
The same holds for . This hand also doesn't fit any other category because of the six. Nevertheless, this hand can be profitably openraised from EP. 同样适用于 。这手也不属于任何其他类别,因为有六。然而,这手可以从 EP 有利地开牌。
The third group of hands in the EP raising range are double-suited hands with two Broadway cards and two somewhat connected non-Broadway cards. Category six, which was made up of two Broadway cards plus two mediumlow connectors included similar combinations. EP 加注范围中第三组手牌是双花色手牌,其中包括两张 Broadway 牌和两张略有联系的非 Broadway 牌。第六类手牌由两张 Broadway 牌和两个中低连接器组成,包括类似的组合。 However, that category included only hands with a maximum of one gap between the two mediumlow connectors. 然而,该类别仅包括两个中低连接器之间最多有一个间隙的手。
Some of these hands with two, or even more gaps, can still be open-raised, for example A and . These hands have enough nuttiness and playability to be profitably open-raised from EP. 有些手牌即使有两个,甚至更多的间隙,仍然可以进行开牌加注,例如 A 和 。这些手牌具有足够的优势和可玩性,可以从 EP 位置盈利地进行开牌加注。
Button 按钮
The Button should open-raise about and fold about of all hands in this category. Most hands with at least some decent suitedness, connectivity, and high cards can be raised. 按钮应该在这个类别中大约开牌 ,并且在这个类别中大约放弃 的所有手牌。大多数手牌至少具有一定的适合性、连贯性和高牌,可以被加注。
A is a good example that has the right combination of high cards, suitedness, and connectivity. 一副 是一个很好的例子,具有高牌、同花和连牌的正确组合。
Q is an example of a hand that is still too weak to open-raise and should be folded. Compared to the previous hand, this hand has worse suitedness and fewer high cards. Q 是一个手牌的例子,仍然太弱以进行开牌,应该弃牌。与前一个手牌相比,这个手牌的同花色更差,高牌更少。
- has decent connectivity and suitedness along with two Broadway cards. This hand is also very marginal but is slightly better than the previous hand and can therefore be raised. - 具有良好的连通性和适应性,还有两张百老汇牌。这手牌也非常边缘,但比前一手稍好,因此可以加注。
As an aside, if you raise from the Button and get 3-bet, A - is the type of hand you can call, while the weaker -J-9 -6 should be folded. 顺便说一句,如果你在按钮位置加注并遭到 3 次加注,A - 是你可以跟注的手牌类型,而较弱的 -J-9 -6 应该弃牌。
Facing a Single Raiser (MP Versus EP)
of the remaining hands fold from MP versus EP. The only hands that can profitably call are the best double-suited Ace high hands, such as A K -4. The 3-betting range consists mainly of trip Aces that are singlesuited, such as A -A - A -7 . Pretty much all other hands are not strong enough to play and should be folded. Even a hand such as -7 isn’t nutted enough to play versus an EP raise. 剩下的手牌中, 从 MP 对 EP 折叠。唯一能够有利可图地跟注的手牌是最好的双花色 A 高手牌,比如 A K -4。3-betting 范围主要是单花色的三条 A,比如 A -A - A -7。几乎所有其他手牌都不够强大,应该弃牌。即使是 -7 这样的手牌也不足以应对 EP 的加注。
BB Versus One Player BB 对抗一名玩家
BB Versus EP BB 对 EP
Against an open-raise from EP, the Big Blind is supposed to fold almost of hands in this category. The only hands that should be called are trip Aces and some of the hands that score very high in realizability, such as A -K and . These hands have the right combination of high cards, good suitedness and connectivity to call profitably against an EP open- 对于来自 EP 的开牌,大盲注应该在这个类别中几乎 手牌。唯一应该跟注的手牌是三个 A 和一些在实现性方面得分很高的手牌,比如 A-K 和 。这些手牌具有高牌、适合和连贯性的正确组合,可以有利地对抗 EP 的开牌。
raise.
BB Versus Button BB 对比按钮
Against the Button, the Big Blind should be calling with about of hands, and the top of hands can be 3-bet. is an example of a hand that is supposed to fold against a raise from EP, but can call against an openraise from the Button. Calling with this hand will likely still be -EV, but this is less unprofitable than folding and surrendering your whole big blind. 对于按钮位的加注,大盲应该用大约 的手牌跟注,而顶部 的手牌可以进行 3-bet。 是一个例子,应该在早期位置的加注时弃牌,但可以在按钮位的开牌时跟注。用这手牌跟注可能仍然是负预期值,但这比弃牌和放弃整个大盲注更少亏损。 The purpose of calling is, in the long term, to regain a portion of your blind from the pot. 呼叫的目的是,从锅中重新获得一部分您的盲注。
BB Versus Two Opponents (Button and MP) BB 对抗两个对手(按钮和 MP)
This category doesn't include many nutted hands, so you are only playing the top of hands in this multiway scenario. Hands that should be called are mostly double-suited with strong connectivity or have an Ace and are somewhat connected. Two examples: 这个类别不包括很多坚果手,所以在这种多路情况下,你只玩顶部 手。应该叫的手大多是双色牌,具有强连接性,或者有一个 A 并且有一定的连接性。两个例子:
J -10-9 is double-suited, has high card value and quite good connectivity. This hand has a lot of playability and the cards are medium-high. Therefore, this hand should be called. J-10-9 是双色的,具有高牌值和相当不错的连贯性。这手牌有很强的可玩性,牌面处于中高水平。因此,应该叫注这手牌。
A is more nutted and also has some connectivity and high cards. This hand has sufficient components to help to win a pot multiway and it should be called. 一对是更有价值的,也有一些连贯性和高牌。这手牌有足够的组成部分来帮助在多方位赢得底池,并且应该被叫进去。
But be careful! Don’t fall into the suited Ace trap. 但要小心!不要陷入合适的 A 牌陷阱。
Just because a hand has a suited Ace, that doesn't mean that you can automatically call from the Big Blind in a multiway pot. 仅仅因为手中有一张合适的 A,这并不意味着你可以在多人底池中自动跟注。
Just "getting a good price" while holding a suited Ace isn't enough to call. You need additional components to justify a call. 持有一张合适的 A 牌只是“得到一个好价格”并不足以叫牌。您需要额外的组成部分来证明叫牌的合理性。
Facing a 3-bet IP (Cutoff Versus SB)
You are only opening the top of hands from this category when in the Cutoff. So, most of the hands that open from the Cutoff can withstand a 3-bet when IP. Fold the worst of the worst hands, such as A . This hand is blocking its own outs meaning the chance to flop a set is very low. The connectivity is also very bad because there are just two different ranks, 您在 Cutoff 位置时,只会从这个类别中开启 的顶部手牌。因此,大多数从 Cutoff 位置开启的手牌可以承受 IP 时的 3-bet。将最差的手牌折叠掉,比如 A 。这手牌会阻碍自己的外部牌,意味着翻牌成顺子的机会非常低。连接性也很差,因为只有两种不同的等级。
meaning there is only one possibility to make a straight (A-K-Q-J-10). The suitedness of this hand is quite good, which is why it should be opened in the first place, but it will not be able to call profitably heading into a 3-bet pot, even IP. 意味着只有一种可能性可以形成一条直线(A-K-Q-J-10)。这手的适合性非常好,这就是为什么应该首先打开它,但即使在 3-bet pot 中,即使是 IP,也无法有利可图地跟注。
Always 4-bet your trip A-A-A-x hands in this scenario. These hands benefit greatly from pushing their equity advantage and lowering the SPR as much as possible. Trip Aces lack playability and would always prefer to play as few streets as possible postflop. 在这种情况下,始终 4-bet 您的三条 A-A-A-x 手牌。这些手牌受益匪浅,通过发挥其权益优势并尽可能降低 SPR,可以获得巨大好处。三条 Aces 缺乏可玩性,并且总是更喜欢在后翻牌尽可能少地玩牌。
Facing a 3-bet OOP (MP Versus Cutoff)
As you hopefully now understand, playing OOP, the calling range against 3bets is usually narrower and the folding and 4-betting ranges are generally wider. This also holds true in this scenario. 希望您现在明白,玩 OOP 时,对抗 3bet 的呼叫范围通常较窄,而弃牌和 4bet 范围通常较宽。在这种情况下也是如此。
Playing OOP, of the opening range should be called against a 3-bet. About of hands should be folded, and about should be 4 -bet (mostly trip Aces). An example of a hand that calls IP but folds OOP is A . The realizability of this hand isn't amazing, but IP, it's good enough to call. Playing OOP, this hand doesn't realize its equity sufficiently against most 3-betting ranges, so it must fold. 在玩 OOP 时, 的开牌范围应该对 3-bet 进行呼叫。大约 的手牌应该弃牌,大约 应该 4-bet(主要是三条 A)。一个在 IP 位置呼叫但在 OOP 位置弃牌的手牌示例是 A 。这手牌的实现性并不是很好,但在 IP 位置,足够好以呼叫。在玩 OOP 时,这手牌不能充分实现其权益,对大多数 3-bet 范围必须弃牌。
Facing a 4-bet (SB Versus Button)
After 3-betting and facing a Button 4-bet, the Small Blind should fold about of hands. Only the best hands should be called or 5-bet. 在 3-bet 后面对按钮的 4-bet 时,小盲应该放弃大约 的手牌。只有最好的手牌才应该跟注或 5-bet。
5-bet your trip Aces that push a raw equity advantage, and call with hands such as which are double-suited and somewhat connected. These hands flop very smooth equity distributions and are rarely directly dominated by 4-betting ranges. Therefore, calling and trying to push your opponent off his equity on favorable flops is the best option. 5-bet 您的行程 Aces,推动原始权益优势,并用双色且有些连接的手牌(如 )进行跟注。这些手牌在翻牌时具有非常平滑的权益分布,并且很少直接被 4-betting 范围所支配。因此,在有利的翻牌时跟注并试图让对手放弃权益是最佳选择。
05
The Four Pillars of Postflop Analysis 后翻分析的四大支柱
Introduction to Postflop Strategy 后翻策略简介
Congratulations! You have come so far in this book already and have made some serious progress towards mastering small stakes PLO. Now that you have studied the preflop material, you now have a solid fundamental base when it comes to preflop strategy. 恭喜!您已经在这本书中走了这么远,并且已经在掌握小注槽位 PLO 方面取得了一些严肃的进展。现在您已经学习了翻牌前的材料,当涉及翻牌前策略时,您现在已经建立了坚实的基础。
Hopefully you've internalized many of the preflop ranges so far because preflop strategy has a huge influence on postflop strategy. If you play the wrong ranges preflop, you will often find yourself in very tough postflop spots. 希望你到目前为止已经内化了许多起手范围,因为起手策略对后翻策略有很大影响。如果你在起手时玩错范围,你经常会发现自己处于非常困难的后翻局面中。 That makes it very hard to be a winning player, even if you are very good postflop. 这使得成为一个成功的玩家变得非常困难,即使你在后翻牌阶段非常出色。
For example, if your preflop Button calling range is too wide, you are going to have a fragile postflop range and you might have trouble being aggressive. If you 3-bet too much, you might find yourself dominated and losing your entire stack postflop way too often. 例如,如果您的翻牌按钮呼叫范围太宽,您将拥有一个脆弱的后翻牌范围,可能会难以采取进攻性。如果您 3-bet 太多,您可能会发现自己被支配,并且在后翻牌时太频繁地失去整个筹码堆。 But, by now you know how to play preflop and you should know the pitfalls that you must avoid. 但是,到现在为止,你已经知道如何在翻牌前玩牌,你应该知道必须避免的陷阱。
Now it's time to take the next step and head into the second (and more exciting!) part of the book, covering postflop strategy. Postflop is where you can generate a considerable edge over your opponents. 现在是时候迈出下一步,进入书的第二部分(更令人兴奋!),涵盖后翻策略。后翻是你可以在对手身上获得相当大优势的地方。 As the size of the game tree increases, the game becomes more complex, making mastering postflop play more complicated and leaving more room to create bigger edges. 随着游戏树的规模增加,游戏变得更加复杂,使得掌握后翻牌玩法变得更加复杂,也留下更多创造更大优势的空间。
The scenarios are similar to No-Limit Hold'em where you won't find 情景类似于无限制德州扑克,您不会发现
many players opening 6-4 offsuit from UTG. Even most of the recreational players somewhat know which hands to play preflop. However, when playing postflop, those same recreational players might make huge mistakes repetitively. 许多玩家从 UTG 位置打开 6-4 不同花色。即使大多数业余玩家也大致知道哪些手牌可以在翻牌前玩。然而,在玩后翻牌时,这些同样的业余玩家可能会反复犯下严重错误。 That is where you can generate your most significant edge. So, let's get started! 那就是你可以获得最重要优势的地方。所以,让我们开始吧!
The Four Pillars of Postflop Analysis 后翻分析的四大支柱
As a poker player, it is essential to develop a process for hand analysis. Players of all abilities struggle with the idea of how to properly analyze a hand. 作为一名扑克玩家,发展手牌分析的流程是至关重要的。所有技能水平的玩家都在如何正确分析手牌的想法上挣扎。 Most players discuss hands in a very unstructured manner that doesn't create a constructive path towards decision making or improvement in general. 大多数玩家讨论手牌的方式非常无结构,不能为决策或改进创造建设性的路径。
We are going to start by going over what I call the Four Pillars of Postflop Analysis, so you can start developing a clear way to review your own hands as well as discussing hands with other players. 我们将从我所称之为后翻分析的四大支柱开始,这样你就可以开始制定一种清晰的方式来审查自己的手牌,以及与其他玩家讨论手牌。 You will also need to understand these pillars fully to get the most out of the postflop section of this book. 您还需要充分理解这些支柱,才能充分利用本书的后翻牌部分。
The four pillars are your tools that will help you to analyze situations much more effectively. Whenever you are discussing or analyzing a hand, think about the four pillars and about the critical factors that impact them. 四大支柱是您的工具,将帮助您更有效地分析情况。每当您讨论或分析一手牌时,请考虑四大支柱以及影响它们的关键因素。
The four pillars are: 四大支柱是:
Equity. This evaluates your chances of winning the pot at a given moment in the hand. We will also take equity realization into account. 资产。这评估了您在手中的某一时刻赢得底池的机会。我们还将考虑到资产实现。
Polarization. This describes who has the equity edge on the top of their distribution. 极化。这描述了谁在他们的分布顶部拥有权益优势。
Position. This defines which player is first and which player is last to act. 位置。这定义了哪个玩家是第一个行动,哪个玩家是最后一个行动。
Stack-to-pot Ratio (SPR). This describes how much money is in the pot relative to the stack sizes in play. 堆叠与底池比率(SPR)。这描述了底池中的资金相对于游戏中的堆叠大小有多少。
All four pillars work together. The importance of individual pillars is always fluctuating and is dependent on the precise situation. Let's dive a bit deeper into each of the pillars and how they relate to each other. 所有四根支柱共同发挥作用。各支柱的重要性始终在波动,并取决于具体情况。让我们深入了解每个支柱以及它们之间的关系。
Pillar 1: Equity
Equity is the chance you have to win at a certain point in the hand if there is no future betting. Unless you're all in, there are future betting rounds on the turn and river. This means there is also a denial of equity, and equity realization. 权益是您在手中某一时刻获胜的机会,如果没有未来的下注。除非您全押,否则在转牌和河牌上还会有未来的下注轮。这意味着还存在权益的否定和权益的实现。
You will not always realize your full equity because sometimes you are folding against a bet, even though you have some equity. If one player doesn't realize all his equity, it automatically means that the other player is over-realizing his equity. 有时候你会因为对抗一次下注而无法实现你的全部权益,即使你有一些权益。如果一个玩家没有实现他所有的权益,那就意味着另一个玩家正在过度实现他的权益。
Equity is a driving force for the postflop strategy. It generally holds that the more equity you have, the more often you bet. 权益是后翻牌策略的推动力。通常认为,您拥有的权益越多,下注的频率就越高。
Equity and the equity realization factor are the biggest drivers for postflop aggression in PLO. The stronger your hand is, and the more beneficial your runouts are, the more likely it is that you should be betting. 权益和权益实现因素是 PLO 后翻牌侵略的最大驱动因素。您的手牌越强,您的牌面越有利,您应该下注的可能性就越大。
Before betting on the flop, we should think about the implications of strengthening our opponents continuing range and increasing the size of the pot. 在下注翻牌前,我们应该考虑加强对手继续范围的含义,增加底池的大小。 As a rule of thumb, I suggest that you don't want to bet hands that don't play well in large turn/river spots or have marginal equity versus our opponent's calling range. Making pots big and then folding on later streets is too costly and has no part in a winning PLO strategy. 根据经验法则,我建议您不要下注那些在大转牌/河牌时表现不佳或对手的跟注范围具有边际权益的手牌。让底池变大,然后在后续街道上弃牌太过昂贵,不符合赢得 PLO 策略的要素。
Hand Examples
For example, assume you 4-bet from the Cutoff versus a Button 3-bet. He calls and we go to the flop with an SPR of 1 and OOP. Let's look at a couple of flops. 例如,假设您在 Cutoff 位置 4-bet,对手在 Button 位置 3-bet。他跟注,我们以 1 的 SPR 和 OOP 去到翻牌。让我们看看几个翻牌。
Flop 1: 7 -3 - 失败 1: 7 -3 -
This is an excellent board for you. The equity that you have with your 4betting range is about . You have a lot of Aces in your range and your opponent hardly ever has a two pair hand or better, given he 3-bet and called a 4-bet from the Button. On this board, you have a lot of 这是一个非常适合你的牌局。你在 4bet 范围中的资产大约为 。你的范围中有很多 A,而你的对手几乎从未有两对或更好的牌型,因为他从按钮位 3-bet 并跟注了一个 4-bet。在这个牌局中,你有很多。
equity but are still fine taking down your opponent's 35% equity. Your strategy on this flop is to go all-in with every single hand in your 4betting range. This is a board where you will over-realize your equity given your opponent will often forfeit his. 在这种情况下,即使你的公平份额较低,但仍然可以放弃对手的 35%公平份额。你在这个翻牌局的策略是用你 4bet 范围内的每一手牌全下。这是一个你会过度实现公平的局面,因为你的对手经常会放弃。
Flop 2: Jo-10-9 翻牌:Jo-10-9
This flop is much worse for the 4-bettor. You only have about equity on this board with your entire range. On this flop, you are supposed to go all-in with only of your 4 -betting range and check the rest. 这个翻牌对于 4-bettor 来说更糟糕。在这个牌面上,您的整个范围只有约 的股权。在这个翻牌上,您应该只用您 4-betting 范围的 部分全押,其余部分则选择让牌。
You can see that there is a huge difference between both the equity and the c-bet frequencies between these two flops. Equity is in direct correlation with c-bet frequency. 您可以看到这两个翻牌之间的股权和 c-bet 频率之间存在巨大差异。股权与 c-bet 频率直接相关。 Truthfully, we are also considering SPR even in this simple example but start the habit of asking yourself how good your range equity is on each board. 说实话,即使在这个简单的例子中,我们也在考虑 SPR,但要养成一个习惯,问问自己在每个牌面上你的范围公平度有多好。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
Equity represents the probability that you have to win the pot if every player in the hand would go all-in at that moment. 权益代表了如果每个参与者都在那一刻全押,你赢得底池的概率。
Your range's equity has a significant influence on your c-betting strategy. Generally, the more equity you have, the more often you should bet. The lower your equity, the less often you should bet. 您的牌局公平性对您的 c-bet 策略有重要影响。一般来说,您拥有的公平性越高,您就应该更频繁下注。您的公平性越低,您就应该更少下注。
Pillar 2: Polarization
Polarization describes who has the equity edge on the best of their distribution. 极化描述了谁在他们分配的最佳 上具有权益优势。
Let's imagine that you are in the Small Blind, and you are 3-betting against a Button raise. The Button calls and the flop comes 7 -5-4. 让我们想象一下,你在小盲位,对一个庄家的加注进行 3 次加注。庄家跟注,然后翻牌是 7-5-4。 Both the 3bettor and the caller have many different hands in their range and the distribution of those ranges can be seen in the following graph (Diagram 18). 3bettor 和 caller 在他们的范围中有许多不同的手牌,这些范围的分布可以在以下图表(图 18)中看到。
The red line represents the Button's range distribution and the gray line represents the Small Blind's range distribution. Both lines in this graph consist of "dots" that represent all the player's single hand combinations that make up their preflop range. 红线代表按钮的范围分布,灰线代表小盲注的范围分布。图中的两条线都由“点”组成,这些“点”代表所有玩家的单手组合,构成了他们的翻牌范围。 These dots are plotted into lines which represent the average equity both players' ranges have on this board. 这些点被绘制成线,代表着两位玩家在这个牌局上的平均资产范围。
The combinations that are on the top left section of the graph are the best hands that either player can have in their preflop range. The bottom right represents the worst hands that either player can have. 图表左上部分的组合是每个玩家在翻牌前范围内可能拥有的最佳手牌。右下方代表每个玩家可能拥有的最差手牌。
Diagram 18: Button Raise-call (red) Versus Small Blind 3-bet (Gray) Flop Equity Distribution on 7-5-4 图表 18:按钮加注(红色)对小盲位 3-bet(灰色)在 7-5-4 翻牌时的权益分布
The red dot in the graph represents the hand A for the Button. 图中的红点代表按钮的手 A 。
The Button raise-called this hand and has now hit a great flop with an inside straight draw as well as a pair and the nut flush draw. This hand has about 68% equity against the Small Blind's 3-betting range. 按钮加注了这手牌,现在有一个内部顺子牌和一对以及最大的同花牌。这手牌对小盲注的 3-bet 范围有大约 68%的股权。 This scenario can be expressed as, "This hand is doing very well against the opponent's preflop range." 这种情况可以表达为,“这只手在对手的翻牌范围下表现得非常出色。”
This specific hand or dot is quite far to the left on the graph, meaning that only about of the Button's range has a higher average equity against the opponent's range. Therefore, this hand is in the top of hands that the Button can have. There are a few even better hands but most hands are performing worse on this board. Understanding these equity distributions will give you an understanding of how strong you are within your range. 这个特定的手牌或点在图表的左侧相当远,这意味着只有大约 的按钮范围对手牌范围的平均资产更高。因此,这手牌位于按钮可能拥有的手牌中的前 。还有一些更好的手牌,但大多数手牌在这个牌局上表现更差。了解这些资产分布将让您了解您在范围内的实力。 If you hear someone express the opinion, "I am at the top of my range" in PLO, this is what they are talking about. 如果你听到有人在 PLO 中表达“我已经达到了我的极限”的观点,这就是他们在谈论的内容。
There are two ways to think about equities. In this situation, the Button (the red line) has equity, and the Small Blind (the grey line) has equity. The average equities of both ranges can be seen by looking at where each range's line intersects the value on the horizontal axis. 有两种思考股权的方式。在这种情况下,按钮(红线)有 股权,小盲(灰线)有 股权。通过查看每个范围线在水平轴上与 值相交的位置,可以看到两个范围的平均股权。
The other way to think about equity is in terms of the equity distribution profile. If you consider the top left section of the graph, you can see that the red line is above the gray line. 另一种思考股权的方式是从股权分配概况的角度来看。如果你考虑图表的左上部分,你会发现红线在灰线之上。 This means that in a 3-bet pot on this specific flop, the Button has very strong hands more often than the Small Blind. The strong hands that the Button has in their range are stronger than the strong hands that the Small Blind can have. 这意味着在这个特定的翻牌局中,庄家拥有非常强大的牌更频繁,而不是小盲注。庄家在他们的牌范围内拥有的强牌比小盲注可能拥有的强牌更强。
This is because the Button can have more sets, two pairs, combo draws, combo made hands and draws and straights. The Small Blind 3-bettor won't have as many of these hands in their preflop range. 这是因为按钮可以有更多的套牌、两对、连牌、组合牌和顺子。小盲位的 3-bettor 在翻牌前范围中不会有这么多这样的手牌。 On 7 7 - 5 -4ettor will have overall weaker hands, such as: an overpair plus flush draw, an overpair and two pairs, an overpair with a gutshot and a backdoor flush draw, and fewer flopped straights. 在 7 7 - 5 -4ettor 将拥有整体较弱的手牌,例如:一对以上加同花顺,一对以上和两对,一对以上加上直接击中牌和后门同花顺,以及更少的直接击中牌。 Those are usually the strongest hands that the 3bettor has and those hands are not as strong as the hands the Button can have. Therefore, the Button has an advantage here when it comes to equity distribution or polarization. 通常是 3bettor 拥有的最强大的手牌,这些手牌并不像庄家可能拥有的手牌那样强大。因此,在权益分配或极化方面,庄家在这里具有优势。
On this board texture the Small Blind has an equity advantage ( versus 48%). However, the Small Blind will rarely be betting the flop because, as we have already seen, the Button will have stronger hands in their equity distribution. You don't want to build a pot versus a stronger range. 在这个牌面纹理上,小盲有一个权益优势( 对 48%)。然而,小盲很少会在翻牌时下注,因为正如我们已经看到的,庄家在他们的权益分配中会有更强的手牌。你不想与更强的手牌范围建立一个底池。 It is not enough to think only about the equities and then to bet when you are an 仅仅考虑股票,然后在你是时候下注是不够的
equity favorite. When the distribution is against you, as it is here, then you must be much more careful with betting. The Button has the polarity advantage and the Small Blind should mostly check at an SPR of 4 . 股权最喜欢。当分配对你不利时,就像在这里一样,那么你在下注时必须更加小心。按钮具有极性优势,小盲应该在 SPR 为 4 时大多数情况下选择让牌。
If this were a 4 -bet pot and the SPR stood at 1 , then polarization would matter less and you would just pot it with most Aces on the flop hoping to deny the opponent their equity, as with the previously discussed 7-3-2 rainbow flop. 如果这是一个 4-bet 底池,SPR 为 1,那么极化就不那么重要了,你会在翻牌时用大多数 Aces 加注,希望剥夺对手的权益,就像之前讨论过的 7-3-2 彩虹翻牌一样。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
Polarization describes who holds the equity advantage at the upper end of their distribution. 极化描述了在其分布的上端谁拥有权益优势。
If you have a polarity advantage, your c-bet frequency increases. If your opponent has a polarity advantage, your c-betting frequency decreases. 如果您具有极性优势,则您的 c-bet 频率会增加。如果您的对手具有极性优势,则您的 c-bet 频率会减少。
Pillar 3: Position
Introduction 介绍
If you are the last player to act postflop, then you are playing IP. Otherwise, you are OOP. If you are in a multiway pot, then there are also relative positions. You can be IP against one player but OOP against another player. 如果您是最后一个在翻牌后行动的玩家,那么您是 IP。否则,您是 OOP。如果您在一个多路锅中,那么也有相对位置。您可以对一个玩家是 IP,但对另一个玩家是 OOP。 In multiway pots, there is a big difference between facing a bet with a player behind you left to act and facing a bet and seeing what the other player does before you act. 在多路赌注中,面对一个后面还有玩家可以行动的赌注和面对一个赌注并看到其他玩家在你之前的行动之间有很大的区别。
Control 控制
Playing IP you have more control of the pot as you have the power to decide whether the next card is shown or if you want to put in the last bet. 在玩 IP 时,您对锅有更多的控制权,因为您有权决定下一张牌是否显示,或者您是否想下最后一注。 For example, if your opponent bets into you on the flop, you can call and force a turn card, or you can fold and there will be no turn card. You can also raise and decide to play a bigger pot. 例如,如果对手在翻牌圈时下注,你可以跟注并迫使出一张转牌,或者你可以弃牌,那么就不会有转牌。你也可以加注并决定玩一个更大的底池。 If your opponent checks to you, you can see a guaranteed free turn card or you can bet and re-open the betting. 如果对手向你检查,你可以看到一个保证的免费翻牌,或者你可以下注并重新开启下注。
The additional options you have at your disposal when you are IP generate a higher EV for you. There is a direct positive correlation between your position and your EV. We call this positional advantage (or positional disadvantage if you are out of position). 当您处于 IP 时,您可以选择的额外选项会为您带来更高的 EV。您的位置与您的 EV 之间存在直接的正相关性。我们称之为位置优势(如果您处于劣势位置,则称之为位置劣势)。 The deeper the stack sizes are, the bigger your positional (dis)advantage will be because when the stack sizes are very deep it is harder to get all the money in on the flop or the turn. 堆栈大小越深,您的位置(不)优势就越大,因为当堆栈大小非常深时,在翻牌或转牌时很难把所有筹码都下进去。 Therefore, more streets will be played and this gives the IP player more options to maximize their positional advantage. 因此,将会有更多的街道被利用,这将为 IP 玩家提供更多选择,以最大化他们的位置优势。
In Position 在位置
In general, the IP player benefits from a multi-street game. Many boards in PLO are tough to handle for the OOP player because there can be a lot of texture shifts from flop to turn to river. That means the nuts can change very often. 通常情况下,IP 玩家受益于多街游戏。 在 PLO 中,许多牌局对 OOP 玩家来说很难处理,因为从翻牌到转牌再到河牌可能会有很多纹理变化。 这意味着最大的牌很可能会经常变化。
The OOP player has to react first to these changes without knowing what their opponent will do. For the IP player, playing multiple streets gives a OOP 玩家必须首先对这些变化做出反应,而不知道对手会做什么。对于 IP 玩家来说,打多条街道是一种。
more significant advantage because they will get more opportunities to profit from this informational advantage, allowing them to make thinner value bets or effective bluffs. 更显著的优势,因为他们将有更多机会从这种信息优势中获利,使他们能够进行更小的价值下注或有效的虚张声势。 The IP player also tends to benefit from keeping the OOP player from ending the hand before the river by getting all the money into the pot. IP 玩家还倾向于通过将所有的钱投入底池来阻止 OOP 玩家在河牌之前结束手牌,从而受益。
For those reasons, the IP player usually prefers smaller bet sizings than the OOP player. Betting small means that the OOP player is going to continue more often (with a weaker range) and at a higher SPR. 由于这些原因,IP 玩家通常更喜欢比 OOP 玩家更小的下注尺寸。小赌注意味着 OOP 玩家更经常会继续(使用较弱的范围)并且 SPR 更高。 This allows the IP player to leverage their positional advantage across multiple streets. 这使 IP 玩家能够利用他们在多条街道上的位置优势。
Out of Position 位置不当
The OOP player doesn't have the option to force a free card and therefore has a less polarized strategy. The OOP player bets less often and generally opts for a bigger sizing. OOP 玩家没有强制要求获得免费牌的选项,因此策略较少极化。 OOP 玩家下注较少,通常选择更大的筹码规模。
The OOP player is a lot less enthusiastic about playing three streets, especially on wet boards. Since they are at a significant disadvantage, they are more interested in ending the hand as fast as possible. OOP 玩家对玩三条街的热情要少得多,尤其是在湿润的牌桌上。由于他们处于明显的劣势,他们更感兴趣尽快结束手牌。 Remember in the preflop section that you generally 4-bet wider facing a 3-bet when OOP compared to IP. 记住在翻牌前的部分,通常在 OOP 时,与 IP 相比,你会更广泛地 4-bet。
In order to end the pot earlier postflop, the OOP player uses big bet sizings more often compared to the IP player. With bigger bets, the OOP player maximizes fold equity and lowers the SPR for future streets. 为了在翻牌后尽早结束局面,OOP 玩家与 IP 玩家相比更经常使用大注码。通过更大的注码,OOP 玩家最大化了弃牌权益,并降低了未来街道的 SPR。 Given the bigger bet sizing used, most medium strength hands are not bet when OOP, unless the SPR is low and consequently position matters less. 鉴于使用更大的下注尺寸,大多数中等牌力的手牌在 OOP 时不会下注,除非 SPR 较低,因此位置影响较小。
In high SPR scenarios, you should bet less frequently OOP than IP. This means that when OOP, you will check more and therefore you need to protect your checking range by including more medium-strong and strong hands. 在高 SPR 场景中,你在 OOP 时应该比 IP 更少下注。这意味着当 OOP 时,你会更多地选择让牌,因此你需要通过包含更多中等强度和强势手牌来保护你的让牌范围。
The reason why you are checking more OOP is that you are often at a disadvantage. The disadvantage can be due to equity, polarization, position, SPR, or a combination of these factors. What you need to know is that when you do a lot of checking, you have to protect that range. 你检查更多 OOP 的原因是你经常处于不利地位。这种不利可能是由于资产、极化、位置、SPR 或这些因素的组合。你需要知道的是,当你进行大量检查时,你必须保护那个范围。 If you don't do a lot of checking it is not as important to balance that part of your range. 如果您不经常检查,平衡您的范围的这一部分就不那么重要。
The OOP player also has a special weapon which helps, this being the check-raise. Check-raising allows the OOP player to either end the hand at once or significantly lower the SPR for future streets. OOP 玩家还有一种特殊武器,可以帮助他们,那就是加注。加注可以让 OOP 玩家要么立即结束手牌,要么显著降低未来街道的 SPR。 Check-raising against a non-polarized IP c-betting strategy is very effective because you start denying your opponent their pot equity. The IP player must consider the threat of the 对非极化 IP c-betting 策略进行反抗是非常有效的,因为你开始剥夺对手的底池权益。IP 玩家必须考虑威胁。
check-raise when constructing a c-betting strategy. 构建 c-betting 策略时进行 check-raise。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
Position equals control. 位置等于控制。
The IP player benefits from playing multiple streets at high SPR. IP 玩家受益于在高 SPR 下玩多条街。
The OOP player has to play a more polarized strategy, as they are at a positional disadvantage and therefore have to be very picky when choosing hands they want to build a big pot with. OOP 玩家必须采取更极端的策略,因为他们处于位置劣势,因此在选择想要与之建立大底池的手牌时必须非常挑剔。
OOP, you do less betting than IP which means that you have to protect your checking range more. OOP,你下注比 IP 少,这意味着你必须更多地保护你的查牌范围。
Pillar 4: Stack to Pot Ratio (SPR)
Introduction 介绍
At the beginning of the book, we discussed the concept of the stack-to-pot ratio. In this chapter we go into more detail on how to use SPR to your advantage in order to make better postflop decisions. 在书的开头,我们讨论了筹码堆与底池比的概念。在本章中,我们将更详细地讨论如何利用 SPR 来优势地做出更好的后翻决策。
First of all, let's repeat some important numbers. When the SPR is 1 , such as if there is in the pot, you have a stack of and your opponent moves all-in, you are getting 2-to-1 pot odds on a call and need at least equity to stack off. If the SPR is 0.5 , you would be getting 3-to-1 on your money and need equity to be able to stack off profitably. When the is SPR is 4 , you need equity to stack off, assuming you have no fold equity. These are the basic equity and stack-off calculations that are routinely used in 3-bet or 4-bet pots. 首先,让我们重复一些重要的数字。当 SPR 为 1 时,例如如果锅里有 ,你有 的筹码,对手全推,你在跟注时得到 2 比 1 的赔率,并且至少需要 的股权才能全推。如果 SPR 为 0.5,你将得到 3 比 1 的赔率,并且需要 的股权才能有利可图地全推。当 SPR 为 4 时,假设你没有折叠股权,你需要 的股权才能全推。这些是在 3-bet 或 4-bet 锅中常用的基本股权和全推计算。
Let's examine this idea in more depth. When the SPR decreases, polarity and positional advantages or disadvantages have less of an impact on your postflop strategy. Imagine the SPR is 0.1 (an extreme situation), meaning you have a stack and the pot is . In this scenario, it doesn't matter which player has more top sets, straights, flushes, or other strong hands in their range. It also doesn't matter who is playing IP or OOP. All that matters is if the players have enough equity to call given the pot odds. 让我们更深入地审视这个想法。当 SPR 减少时,极性和位置优势或劣势对你的后翻策略影响较小。想象一下 SPR 是 0.1(一个极端情况),意味着你有 筹码,奖池是 。在这种情况下,不管哪个玩家拥有更多的顶部套牌、顺子、同花或其他强牌在他们的范围内,都无关紧要。谁在 IP 或 OOP 玩也无关紧要。重要的是玩家是否有足够的资产来跟注给定的底池赔率。 However, if instead you are playing a single-raised pot with an SPR of 15, then which player has a polarity and positional advantage matters a lot. 然而,如果您在一个 SPR 为 15 的单次加注池中玩游戏,那么哪个玩家具有极性和位置优势就非常重要。
If your range has more top sets and strong combo draws than your opponent, you will be able to leverage your advantage and gain more EV. 如果您的范围比对手拥有更多的顶部牌组和强大的连牌组合,您将能够利用您的优势并获得更多的预期价值。 Similarly, being IP has a greater impact when the SPR is higher because you can leverage your informational and strategic options across multiple streets. Let's consider a theoretical example. 同样,当 SPR 更高时,作为 IP 会产生更大的影响,因为您可以利用您的信息和战略选择在多条街道上。让我们考虑一个理论例子。
You open from EP, the player in the Cutoff calls and all the other players fold. The flop is . This is a very interesting board because the Cutoff caller will have a lot of Kings in their preflop range. Most Kings are calling and not 3-betting from the Cutoff versus an EP. 您从 EP 位置开牌,Cutoff 位置的玩家跟注,其他所有玩家弃牌。翻牌是 。这是一个非常有趣的牌面,因为 Cutoff 位置的跟注者在他们的起手范围中会有很多国王。大多数国王在 Cutoff 位置不会 3-bet,而是选择跟注。 The Cutoff will also have a tight enough calling range that is should interact strongly with the King and Jack in multiple ways. 截断也将有一个足够紧密的呼叫范围,应该在多种方式上与国王和杰克强烈互动。
Let's assume the SPR is approximately 10, meaning you are playing with deep stacks and your positional disadvantage is considerable. Consequently, you should only be c-betting about of the time when OOP. If we consider the same raising and calling ranges, but instead had an SPR of 4, then about of your hands should be c-bet. 假设 SPR 大约为 10,意味着您正在使用深堆叠进行游戏,而且您的位置劣势相当大。因此,当 OOP 时,您应该只有大约 的时间进行 c-bet。如果我们考虑相同的加注和跟注范围,但 SPR 为 4,则大约 的手牌应该进行 c-bet。
The figure of still might not seem very high but it is already as much as with the SPR being at 10, as before. When the SPR is 2, you should c-bet of the time and when the SPR is 1 , you should c-bet . See the graph below (Diagram 19). 的数字可能看起来还不算很高,但已经是 SPR 为 10 时的 倍了。当 SPR 为 2 时,你应该进行 的 c-bet,而当 SPR 为 1 时,你应该进行 的 c-bet。请参见下方的图表(图 19)。
Diagram 19 图表 19
SPR Impact on EP's Versus Cutoff C-betting Frequency on K-J -6 SPR 对 EP 的影响与 K-J-6 上的 Cutoff C-betting 频率
This demonstrates the importance of the SPR on your c-betting strategy. This change occurs due to the decrease in the positional and polarity disadvantages for the OOP player. Equity becomes the driving force for strategy at low SPRs. 这表明了 SPR 对你的 c-betting 策略的重要性。这种变化是由于 OOP 玩家在位置和极性劣势减少而发生的。在低 SPR 时,资产价值成为战略的驱动力。
When you consider the Four Pillars of Postflop Analysis: equity, polarity, position, and stack-to-pot ratio, you can see that SPR has a considerable 当您考虑后翻牌分析的四大支柱:资产、极性、位置和筹码与底池比率时,您会发现 SPR 具有相当大的影响
impact on all three other pillars. 对其他三个支柱的影响。
When the SPR is low, equity becomes more important. When the SPR gets higher, polarity and position become more important. 当 SPR 低时,股权变得更加重要。当 SPR 变得更高时,极性和位置变得更加重要。
Postflop Concepts 后翻概念
C-betting Fundamentals
Polarized Versus Merged
In the same way that your preflop strategy and ranges start to shape your strategy on the flop, your flop strategy determines how your ranges are setup on later streets. Making serious mistakes early in the hand will have severe effects on your strategy on later streets. 与您的起手策略和范围开始塑造翻牌策略的方式相同,您的翻牌策略决定了后续街道上的范围设置方式。在手牌早期犯严重错误将严重影响您在后续街道上的策略。
Let's imagine you are on the Button versus the Big Blind in a single-raised pot. The flop is A - 5 , the Big Blind checks and you check back. The turn brings ( )-6 and your opponent pots into you. 让我们想象一下,你在一个单次加注的底池中与大盲对决。翻牌是 A - 5,大盲盲注,你选择跟注。转牌是 ( )-6,对手对你进行全压。
An appropriate turn continuing frequency for the Button would be to continue between and of the time, which is why you need to have a balanced and well-constructed check back strategy on the flop. If, like most small stakes players you don't, then you will end up folding here more like of the time. This makes it easy for the Big Blind to exploit you, as your check back range is unprotected. However, once you have reached the turn, you can't suddenly readjust your flop strategy; the mistake has already been made. 按钮的适当转续频率应该在 和 之间,这就是为什么你需要在翻牌圈拥有一个平衡和良好构建的回让策略。如果像大多数小注玩家一样,你没有这样做,那么你最终会在这里放弃,就像 的时间一样。这让大盲很容易利用你,因为你的回让范围没有保护。然而,一旦你到了转牌,你就不能突然调整你的翻牌策略;错误已经犯了。 If you choose the wrong hands with which to bet or check on the flop, you will find yourself in trouble on many turns and rivers because you haven't set up your ranges correctly. 如果您选择了错误的手牌来下注或看翻牌,您会发现自己在很多转牌和河牌上陷入麻烦,因为您没有正确设置您的范围。
First, you have to understand what type of c-bet strategies are available and how to use them. There are actually two main c-betting strategies; polarized and merged. After reading the following material, you will know exactly how to combine both strategies effectively. 首先,您必须了解有哪些类型的 c-bet 策略可供选择以及如何使用它们。实际上有两种主要的 c-bet 策略;极化和合并。阅读以下材料后,您将准确地了解如何有效地结合这两种策略。
A Polarized C-betting Strategy 一个极化的 C-betting 策略
Imagine that on the flop, you decide to bet all your strong hands, all your medium strength hands and check with your weak hands. Now pause and think about what this will signal to your opponents when you check. 想象一下,在翻牌阶段,你决定把所有强牌、中等牌下注,而弱牌则选择让牌。现在停下来想一想,当你选择让牌时,这会向你的对手传达什么信号。
Exactly. It means that if you check, you have a weak hand. Your opponents will have an easy time exploiting you by putting a lot of pressure on your check-back range. 确切地说。这意味着如果你选择看牌,你手牌较弱。你的对手将很容易利用这一点,通过对你的看牌范围施加很大的压力。 If you play this strategy and check, your opponent can bet and take down the pot without any risk since your checking range includes only weak hands. If your check back range on the flop is weak, it means that you often can't continue against a bet on the turn. 如果您采用这种策略并进行检查,您的对手可以下注并拿下赌池,而不会有任何风险,因为您的检查范围仅包括弱手。如果您在翻牌时的检查范围较弱,这意味着您经常无法继续对抗转牌上的下注。 This will give your opponents a good opportunity to bet as a bluff whenever you check back. 这将为你的对手提供一个很好的机会,当你选择让步时,他们可以做出虚张声势的赌注。
To protect your check back range, you need to include hands in your checking range that can continue versus a turn bet. The balancing act here is to define which hands are good enough to check back while not giving up too much value with hands that prefer to bet. 为了保护您的查看范围,您需要在您的查看范围中包括可以继续对抗转牌下注的手牌。这里的平衡是定义哪些手牌足够好以查看回来,同时不要放弃太多价值,而是用更喜欢下注的手牌。 By playing a polarized c-betting strategy, you can accomplish this goal. You bet the strongest hands in your range, as checking them would sacrifice too much value, and you check-back medium strength hands to protect your check-back range. 通过采用极端的 c-betting 策略,您可以实现这个目标。您下注您手牌范围中最强的手牌,因为不下注会牺牲太多价值,而您会选择不下注中等强度的手牌,以保护您的不下注范围。
Polarized c-betting ranges are built around the highest equity made hands and draws and the hands with the best blockers and future blockers. You bet hands that are very strong and have potential to make the nuts on the turn or the river. 极化的 c-betting 范围是围绕着最高权益的成手和牌型以及具有最佳阻挡牌和未来阻挡牌的手构建的。你下注那些非常强大并有潜力在转牌或河牌上成为最佳牌的手。 You also bet hands that have very little equity but have some powerful blockers. This can be described as a very selective betting strategy. You are not betting just random hands, you are betting very selectively. 您还可以下注那些几乎没有股权但有一些强大阻挡器的手牌。这可以被描述为一种非常选择性的下注策略。您不是随机下注手牌,而是非常有选择性地下注。
This means that once you do c-bet the flop, you can barrel on multiple different turns and rivers. This makes it harder for your opponents to play against you because they know that they are going to have to invest a lot of money to get to showdown. 这意味着一旦你在翻牌时进行了 c-bet,你可以在多个不同的转牌和河牌上继续压注。这让你的对手更难以对抗你,因为他们知道他们将不得不投入大量资金才能到达摊牌。
By firing multiple barrels, you are maximizing the fold equity you have when you are bluffing, and you are also extracting as much value as possible in the cases where you are value betting. 通过连续下注,您在虚张声势时最大化了折叠权益,并在价值下注的情况下尽可能多地提取价值。 This strategy puts your opponents in very tough spots when they have bluff-catchers and medium strength hands. By using a polarized c-betting strategy, you protect your check back range. 这种策略让你的对手在持有虚张声势和中等牌力时处于非常困难的境地。通过使用极化的 c-betting 策略,你保护了你的让牌范围。 You are checking back with most medium strength hands, meaning you can call on a lot of different turn cards. Don't worry if you are unfamiliar with the concept of blockers as we will cover this concept in the next chapter. Across 您正在回顾大多数中等强度的手牌,这意味着您可以在许多不同的转牌上跟注。如果您对阻挡牌的概念不熟悉,不要担心,我们将在下一章中介绍这个概念。跨越
all possible boards, the overall c-bet frequency for a polarized strategy will be around IP and OOP. 所有可能的牌中,极化策略的整体 c-bet 频率将在 IP 和 OOP 左右。
A Merged C-betting Strategy 合并的 C-betting 策略
A merged c-betting strategy means you are betting many more medium strength hands instead of checking them. Merged c-betting strategies are built around equity and more medium strength made hands and draws are bet. 合并的 c-betting 策略意味着您下注许多中等强度的手牌,而不是选择让牌。合并的 c-betting 策略是围绕资产和更多中等强度的成牌和抽牌而建立的。 You care more about having decent equity rather than making the nuts. 您更关心拥有体面的股权,而不是赚大钱。
You bet hands that are not as nutted as when you use a polar betting strategy, which also means that you are not as aggressive in terms of betting with bluffs and blockers. By using a merged strategy, your check back range is weak and unprotected. 你打赌的手牌不像使用极性投注策略时那样坚固,这也意味着你在用虚张声势和阻挡牌进行下注时不那么激进。通过使用合并策略,你的让牌范围较弱且没有保护。 All your decent hands go into your betting range and, therefore, it is much more challenging to have reasonable hands on turns when you do check back, leaving you open to exploitation on the turn. 所有你的体面手牌都进入你的下注范围,因此,当你选择不下注时,转牌时拥有合理手牌变得更具挑战性,让你在转牌时容易被利用。
Your flop c-betting range doesn't include as many hands that benefit from barreling across multiple streets. Many medium strength hands that you bet on the flop don't have enough equity to bet the turn or river. 你的翻牌范围中并不包括很多受益于在多条街上继续下注的手牌。你在翻牌时下注的许多中等强度手牌并没有足够的资产来在转牌或河牌上下注。 Therefore you are often going to check back on the turn and river after your c-bet on the flop gets called. This means that it will be harder for you to make effective bluffs and thin value river bets. 因此,当你在翻牌后被跟注时,你经常会在转牌和河牌上进行回顾。这意味着你将更难有效地进行虚张声势和薄值河注。
A further implication of c-betting with medium strength hands is that you are going to be more vulnerable against a check-raise. A lot of your medium strength hands won't be able to continue against aggression and won't want to play a big pot. 中等牌力量进行 c-bet 的另一个含义是,你将更容易受到对手的 check-raise 攻击。很多中等牌力量的手牌无法继续对抗对手的进攻,也不愿意参与大注战。
Conclusion 结论
Polarization is a concept used to describe the design of a range. Sometimes it is better to play a more polarized strategy and sometimes it is better to be more merged. 极化是一个用来描述范围设计的概念。有时候更好的策略是采取更极化的方式,有时候更好的策略是更融合。
When you are IP at a high SPR, you should lean more towards a polarized strategy. This will help you maximize your positional advantage because you can extract more chips with value hands and you can make more effective bluffs while keeping your checking range protected. 当您在高 SPR 时,应更倾向于极化策略。这将有助于最大化您的位置优势,因为您可以用有价值的手牌提取更多筹码,并且在保护您的检查范围的同时可以进行更有效的虚张声势。
When the SPR is lower, playing a more merged c-betting strategy makes more sense. 当 SPR 较低时,采用更多合并的 c-betting 策略更有意义。
In these situations, equity is more important. In some cases where you 在这些情况下,公平更为重要。在一些情况下,您
have a substantial range equity advantage, you will want to bet your entire range. 具有实质性的股权优势,您会想要把您的整个范围押上。 Using a merged c-betting strategy in these situations makes sense because you want to push hands that have an equity advantage and you want to play as few streets as possible with those hands, especially if you are OOP. 在这些情况下使用合并的 c-betting 策略是有道理的,因为你想推动那些具有股权优势的手牌,并且你想尽可能少地与这些手牌玩街道,特别是如果你是 OOP。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
In most situations you want to use a polarized c-betting range to maximize the fold equity that you have with your bluffs and to win as many chips as possible when you have a strong hand. 在大多数情况下,您希望使用极化的 c-betting 范围,以最大化您用于虚张声势的折叠权益,并在您手牌强劲时赢得尽可能多的筹码。
Using a polarized strategy keeps your checking range protected. 使用极化策略可以保护您的检查范围。
A merged c-betting strategy is more focused on equity. Medium strength hands are betting more often to push your equity advantage. 合并的 c-betting 策略更注重公平性。中等强度的手牌更经常下注,以增加你的公平优势。
At low SPRs, when equity drives the action, you often want to use a more merged c-betting strategy. 在低 SPR 时,当股权驱动行动时,您通常希望使用更合并的 c-betting 策略。
You can massively exploit players who bet too many medium strength hands by attacking them aggressively if they check. 您可以通过积极进攻那些检查时下注过多中等牌力手的玩家来大规模利用他们。
Protecting Your Checking Range
Let's say that you find yourself in a situation where you are checking with of your range and betting with the other . In this case you need to make sure that you protect your checking range by including some strong hands. If you don't, players will know that whenever you check, you have a weak hand and they can start to bluff you very profitably in this situation. 假设你发现自己处于这样一种情况:你用你的范围中的 进行检查,并用其他 进行下注。在这种情况下,你需要确保通过包含一些强手来保护你的检查范围。如果不这样做,玩家们会知道每当你检查时,你手牌较弱,他们可以开始在这种情况下非常有利地对你进行虚张声势。
Whenever you are c-betting often, it means that you are checking with a very low frequency. This means you don't have to worry much about keeping your checking range protected. If you are betting with a very high frequency, say , you are checking so infrequently that you can't be exploited. Even though your play is unbalanced and can leave your checking range vulnerable, the fact that this only occurs of the time means that, in the grand scheme of things, it's not very relevant. 无论何时你经常进行 c-bet,这意味着你以非常低的频率进行检查。这意味着你不必太担心保护你的检查范围。如果你以非常高的频率下注,比如 ,你检查的频率如此之低,以至于无法被利用。即使你的玩法不平衡,可能会使你的检查范围容易受到攻击,但这种情况只发生 的时间,这意味着在整体方案中,这并不是很重要。
When your equity is low you should be c-betting much less frequently. Consequently, it is then important to include strong hands in your checking range. In a situation where you are betting less often you need to pay more attention to balancing the checking range. 当您的股权较低时,您应该更少地进行 c-bet。因此,重要的是在您的检查范围中包含强手。在您下注较少的情况下,您需要更多地注意平衡检查范围。
Think back to the J-10-9 flop, where you were supposed to bet only 回想一下 J-10-9 翻牌,你应该只下注 of the time after 4-betting from the Cutoff versus the Button's 3-bet. You will flop a reasonably good hand such as an overpair with a flush draw, a strong combo draw, the nut straight or a set, way more often than just of the time. 在从 Cutoff 进行 4-bet 对决 Button 的 3-bet 之后 的时间。你会在翻牌时更有可能获得一个相当不错的牌型,比如带同花顺的高对、强大的组合牌、最大的顺子或者一个三张,远远超过 的时间。
But you don't want to just bet with all those strong hands because, on this board, you will also have a lot of hands that should be checking. You want to protect and balance your checking range. 但是你不想只是跟所有那些强手下注,因为在这个牌局上,你也会有很多应该选择让牌的手牌。你想要保护和平衡你的让牌范围。 Therefore, you have to put in some of those strong hands into your checking range because your overall range is vulnerable. 因此,您必须在您的检查范围中加入一些强劲的手,因为您的整体范围是脆弱的。
In every situation, you should think about how often you are checking and whether you need to keep your checking range protected. 在每种情况下,您都应考虑您检查的频率以及是否需要保护您的检查范围。
If you bet often, you automatically check less. If your checking range is very small, you don't have to pay much attention to balancing it. 如果你经常下注,你自动检查的次数就会减少。如果你的检查范围非常小,你就不必太在意平衡它。
If you start to check more, you should add some strong hands to your checking range to protect yourself from getting exploited. 如果你开始检查更多,你应该在检查范围内加入一些强有力的手来保护自己,以免被利用。
Blockers and Bluffing 阻挡和虚张声势
Introduction 介绍
Blockers and card removal are fundamental concepts in PLO. 阻挡和卡牌移除是 PLO 中的基本概念。 However, these concepts are much more subtle than many people realize and, in the following material, we are going to discuss these nuances and the influence of each of the cards that you are holding in postflop situations. Let's start with the basics. 然而,这些概念比许多人意识到的要微妙得多,在接下来的材料中,我们将讨论这些细微差别以及你在后翻局面中持有的每张牌的影响。让我们从基础知识开始。
What are Blockers? 什么是阻碍因素?
A blocker is a card that "blocks" certain hands that your opponent could have. The most well-known example in PLO is the having the nut flush blocker. For example, if the flop is K-Q-6 and you are holding A-10 , then you are holding the nut flush blocker. Your opponent can't have the nuts since you are blocking all the Ace-high flush combinations. 阻挡器是一张“阻挡”对手可能拥有的某些手牌的牌。在 PLO 中最著名的例子是拥有最大同花阻挡器。例如,如果翻牌是 K-Q-6,而你手中有 A-10,则你手中有最大同花阻挡器。由于你阻挡了所有 A 高同花组合,因此对手无法拥有最大牌。
A second type of blocker that frequently occurs is called the "future blocker". Let's say that the flop is and you are holding Ka-6-6. In this situation, you are holding a future nut flush blocker with the . Currently you are not blocking any made hands with this card but if a non-pairing diamond rolls off on the turn or on the river, then you are blocking your opponent from having the nuts. Also, if a 2, 4 or 7 rolls off you would be blocking some nut straights with your sixes. 第二种经常出现的封堵器被称为“未来封堵器”。假设翻牌是 ,你手里有 K-6-6。在这种情况下,你手里有一个未来的最大同花封堵器,带有 。目前,你没有用这张牌封堵任何已成牌的手牌,但如果在转牌或河牌上出现非配对的方块牌,那么你就会封堵对手的最大牌。此外,如果出现 2、4 或 7,你将用你的六封堵一些最大顺子。 As we will see later, not all blockers are created equal. For example, the straight blockers are not as valuable because you will not actually have the 6-4 combo that often in many of your preflop ranges. 正如我们将在后面看到的那样,不是所有的阻挡器都是一样的。例如,直阻挡器并不那么有价值,因为在你的起手范围中,你实际上并不经常会有 6-4 组合。
The final type of blocker are "reverse blockers". Reverse blockers describe card combinations that make it more likely your opponent is holding a certain hand or hit a specific board. For example, if the flop is A - and you hold none of the pairs, no Jack or ten and no flush cards in your hand, it automatically becomes more likely that your opponent has one or more of those cards and that he has hit the board. 最后一种封堵者是“反向封堵者”。反向封堵者描述的是牌组合,使得你的对手更有可能持有某种手牌或者命中特定的牌面。例如,如果翻牌是 A - ,而你手中没有对子,也没有 J 或 10,也没有同花牌,那么你的对手更有可能持有其中一张或多张牌,并且他已经命中了牌面。
How to Think About Blockers 如何思考阻碍物
The right way to approach the concept of blockers is to assume that every card in your hand matters and is either a blocker, a future blocker, a reverse blocker or has removal effects. 正确处理封锁者概念的方法是假设你手中的每张牌都很重要,要么是封锁者,要么是未来的封锁者,要么是反封锁者,要么具有除去效果。 The challenge is to evaluate correctly the removal effect, based on the context of the situation. 挑战在于根据情况的背景正确评估去除效果。
The value of the blockers you are holding differs for any given situation. Therefore, you should ask yourself questions such as, "how important is it to have a gutshot blocker in this spot?" or "how important is it to have the nut flush blocker in this situation?” 你手中持有的阻挡牌的价值在任何情况下都不同。因此,你应该问自己诸如,“在这种情况下拥有一个中间顺子阻挡牌有多重要?”或者“在这种情况下拥有最大同花阻挡牌有多重要?”
In many instances, players misunderstand and oversimplify the concept and usage of blockers, leading to them bluffing with the wrong blockers in the wrong situations. 在许多情况下,玩家误解并过于简化挡牌的概念和用法,导致他们在错误的情况下用错误的挡牌来虚张声势。
Bluffing 虚张声势
When you choose to bluff, you should be following the same thought processes as when making other decisions. You are comparing the EV of different options and considering if bluffing is the highest EV play. 当你选择虚张声势时,你应该遵循与做出其他决定时相同的思维过程。你正在比较不同选项的预期价值,并考虑虚张声势是否是最高预期价值的策略。
For example, you are on the river in a heads-up pot and your opponent checks. You hold a hand that can't win at showdown, so the EV of checking back would be zero. 例如,您在一场对决中处于河边,对手选择了让牌。您手中的牌在摊牌时无法赢得比赛,因此选择让牌的预期价值为零。 With some hands, you might be able to increase that EV if you decide to bluff and make your opponent fold some percent of the time. 有些情况下,如果你决定虚张声势,让对手有一定概率弃牌,你可能会增加预期价值。
When it comes to bluffing you will see people make a wide variety of different mistakes. However, the most common one by far, is an emotional one. Bluffing, as with all poker decisions, is essentially a mathematical idea. You are risking amount of money to win amount of money in the middle. To be profitable, your bluff must work a certain percentage of the time. That's all there is to it. 说到虚张声势,你会看到人们犯各种各样的错误。然而,到目前为止最常见的错误是情绪化的错误。虚张声势,就像所有扑克决策一样,本质上是一个数学概念。你在冒着 金额的风险来赢得中间的 金额。为了盈利,你的虚张声势必须在一定的时间内起作用。就是这样。
However, the problem is that the human brain does not perform well in understanding low-frequency events. For example, making a bet that must work of the time to be means that you can get called by a better hand of the time and still break even. When you are losing, it always feels like as if you are making a mistake because you could have lost less by checking instead of bluffing. This feels bad and, much of the time, you might believe that you misplayed the situation. 然而,问题在于人类大脑在理解低频事件方面表现不佳。例如,下注必须成功 次才能 ,这意味着你可能会被更好的手牌 次叫牌,但仍然保持平衡。当你输掉时,总觉得自己犯了错误,因为你本可以通过检牌而不是虚张声势来减少损失。这种感觉很糟糕,很多时候你可能会认为自己在处理情况时出错了。 It is important to remember that is not necessarily the case. It is important to bluff and it's important to understand that your bluffs can still be profitable, even if they lose more often than they win. 重要的是要记住这并不一定是事实。重要的是要虚张声势,并且要明白,即使你的虚张声势输的次数比赢的次数多,它们仍然可以是有利可图的。
The challenge is to bluff at the right frequency. It is easy to bluff too little 挑战在于以正确的频率虚张声势。虚张声势太少很容易。
or too much. The immediate effect of not bluffing enough or bluffing too much is that you become unbalanced and, whenever you are unbalanced, your opponent can exploit you. 或者太少。不够虚张声势或者虚张声势过多的直接影响是你变得失衡,一旦你失衡,对手就可以利用你。
Your opponents don't have to be great players to exploit you. They might do so naturally. In the past, I have made some massive folds because I recognized that in the games in which I was playing, most players were generally under-bluffing the river. 你的对手不必是优秀的玩家才能利用你。他们可能会自然而然地这样做。过去,我曾因为意识到在我玩的游戏中,大多数玩家通常在河牌时低估了手牌而做出一些巨大的弃牌。 For that reason, I could allow myself to make some very exploitative adjustments and fold some very big hands. Your opponents may already be under-bluffing the river. 因此,我可以允许自己做一些非常剥削性的调整,并放弃一些非常大的手牌。你的对手可能已经在河牌时过少地虚张声势。 By following the population tendency, which is also to bluff not often enough on the river, you are actually helping those players to exploit you. 通过遵循人口趋势,即在河流上不经常虚张声势,实际上是在帮助那些玩家利用你。
They are exploiting you naturally because their experience has told them that most players are under-bluffing, so they should be over-folding. If they don't, they are going to lose too often. 他们自然地在剥削你,因为他们的经验告诉他们,大多数玩家都在低估牌力,所以他们应该过度弃牌。如果他们不这样做,他们会输得太频繁。 You can take advantage of that by bluffing more or, at least, by bluffing at the correct frequency, which is still way more than most players are. 你可以利用这一点更多地虚张声势,或者至少以正确的频率虚张声势,这仍然比大多数玩家要多得多。
Why Players Under-bluff The River 为什么玩家在河牌时不敢吹牛
Many players are not bluffing enough on the river and the reason why can be found in how the previous streets are played, specifically the flop. 许多玩家在河牌时没有足够的虚张声势,原因可以在之前的街道上的打法中找到,特别是翻牌圈。
On the flop, you need to make sure your c-betting range includes enough hands that are very likely to be weak on the river or have good enough blockers that you can bluff at a balanced frequency. 在翻牌圈,您需要确保您的 c-bet 范围包括足够多的手牌,这些手牌在河牌时很可能很弱,或者有足够好的阻挡牌,以便您可以以平衡的频率进行虚张声势。
What you will very often see people doing is (incorrectly) betting too many marginal, or medium strength hands on the flop while also giving up too often with very weak hands. 很多时候你会看到人们经常会(错误地)在翻牌圈下注太多边缘手牌或中等强度手牌,同时又经常放弃非常弱的手牌。 That creates an immediate lack of balance that will permeate the whole hand from the flop on to the turn and then the river. Consequently, players reach the river with a very value heavy range and they can no longer choose enough bluffs to obtain the right frequency. 这会立即造成一个失衡,会贯穿整个手牌,从翻牌到转牌再到河牌。因此,玩家在河牌时会带着一个非常价值密集的范围,他们无法选择足够的虚张来达到正确的频率。 In order not to fall into this trap it is important to develop a much more methodological approach. 为了不陷入这个陷阱,重要的是要发展一种更加方法论的方法。
When it comes to studying preflop, many players do indeed use a very methodological approach. They work with charts and other tools and have a precise understanding of what hands to be calling and 3-betting. 谈到研究翻牌时,许多玩家确实采用非常系统化的方法。他们使用图表和其他工具,对应该跟注和三倍加注的手牌有着精确的理解。 However, once the play moves beyond the flop they find themselves on streets with 然而,一旦戏剧超越了失败,他们发现自己置身于街头
which they are less familiar and no longer have a clear structure for their play. 他们对这些不太熟悉,也不再有明确的结构来玩耍。
Furthermore, as the complexity of the game increases, they often start playing emotionally instead of methodically. 此外,随着游戏的复杂性增加,他们经常开始情绪化地玩游戏,而不是系统地玩。 They are failing to understand the important concepts that apply to playing the river, and it's tough to play the river well if you are messing up your flop strategy in the first place. 他们未能理解适用于打河牌的重要概念,如果一开始就搞砸了翻牌策略,那么要打好河牌就很困难。
When to Bluff?
There are three main factors to determine if you should turn your hand into a bluff. They are: 确定是否应该把手牌变成虚张声势有三个主要因素。它们是:
1) You Have No Showdown Value 1) 你没有摊牌价值
Many hands that can't win at showdown should be turned into bluffs. This factor should not be used in isolation, as having no showdown is not all that matters. 许多在摊牌时无法赢的手牌应该变成虚张声势。这个因素不应该孤立使用,因为没有摊牌并不是唯一重要的事情。 Very often when you have a hand that does have a lot of showdown value, you do not use it to bluff because the EV of checking is quite high. When you have no showdown value, it is more likely the EV of bluffing is higher than the EV of checking. 当你手中有很高的摊牌价值时,通常不会用它来虚张声势,因为检查的预期价值相当高。当你没有摊牌价值时,虚张声势的预期价值很可能高于检查的预期价值。 If you have no showdown value or little showdown value compared to your opponent's range, stop to ask yourself if you should bluff. 如果与对手的手牌范围相比,你没有摊牌价值或摊牌价值较低,请停下来问问自己是否应该虚张声势。
2) You are Blocking Your Opponent's Continuing Range 2) 你正在阻止对手的继续范围
In this case, you should be bluffing more. Your opponent will have natural calls or continuing hands in their range that you block. When you block these hands, it makes it more likely that your bluff will get through. A simple example is having nut flush or straight blockers. 在这种情况下,你应该更多地虚张声势。你的对手会有一些自然的跟注或继续下注的手牌,而你正好挡住了这些手牌。当你挡住这些手牌时,你的虚张声势更有可能成功。一个简单的例子是拥有最大同花或顺子挡牌。 Blocking your opponent's calling range makes your hand a more effective bluff. If you don't have a blocker, it makes it a less effective bluff because there is an increased chance that your opponent has one of those natural or easy calls. 阻止对手的呼叫范围会使你的手牌更有效地虚张声势。如果你没有阻碍者,那么虚张声势就会变得不那么有效,因为对手有可能拥有那些自然或容易呼叫的牌之一。
3) You Unblock Your Opponent's Folding Range
This is where reverse blockers and removal effects come into play. If the board has a flush or straight draw that wasn't completed, you often don't want to bluff with missed flush draws. 这就是反向阻挡器和去除效果发挥作用的地方。如果牌桌上有一个未完成的同花顺或顺子,通常不想用未中的同花顺来虚张声势。 The reason is that one of the hands that your opponent could fold against a bluff is a missed draw, so if you are blocking those combinations, the chance that your opponent 原因是你的对手可能会放弃的一种手牌是未中的牌,所以如果你阻止了这些组合,你的对手可能性就会减少
folds is less. Having the missed draw yourself increases the likelihood that your opponent has a strong made hand that is not going to fold against your bluff. 折叠较少。自己错过抽牌会增加对手拥有强大牌型的可能性,这种牌型不太可能在你的虚张声势面前弃牌。
Hand Example 10
Let's examine a couple of examples and consider the appropriate thought process when deciding whether to bluff or not. Assume you start at a standard 100bb stack size, you raised from the Button and get called by the Big Blind. The SPR on the flop is around 12 . 让我们看几个例子,并考虑在决定是否要虚张声势时的适当思考过程。假设您从按钮位置开始,筹码堆叠为标准的 100bb,您加注,大盲跟注。在翻牌圈,堆叠比率约为 12。
The flop is and you are holding A (Diagram 20). 翻牌是 ,你手中拿着 A (图表 20)。
Diagram 20 图表 20
You bet the flop because you have no showdown value but have a nutstraight gutshot draw and future nut-flush blocker. The hand is not strong enough to check and there will be more EV in betting to maximize your fold equity and with the value of your blocker. 你下注翻牌是因为你没有摊牌价值,但有一条最大的直接内部直击和未来的最大同花色封锁者。这手牌不够强大,不能选择跟注,下注可以最大化你的弃牌权益,并且有你的封锁者的价值。 Your opponent calls and the turn is the , making the board ( )-7 . 对手跟注,转牌是 ,牌桌上的牌是( )-7。
Now, what do you do on this card? Let's start by asking some important questions: 现在,在这张卡片上你要做什么?让我们先从问一些重要的问题开始:
Do you have showdown value? 你有摊牌价值吗?
In this case, no.
Do you block your opponent's continuing range?
Yes, you certainly do. You are blocking the nut-flush, which would of course continue against a bet. 是的,你确实是。你挡住了坚果同花顺,当然会继续对抗下注。
So, when you reach this turn without any showdown value while holding the nut flush blocker, you are going to bet. When you are betting on a threeflush board with a naked Ace, you are betting full pot because you are representing a polarized range. More on this later. 因此,当你拿着最大同花牌阻挡器却没有任何摊牌价值时,你会下注。当你在一个三花牌桌上下注时,拿着一个裸露的 A 时,你会下注全额,因为你代表了一个极化的范围。稍后会详细介绍。
Hand Example 11
Let's examine a second example. In this instance the board after the turn is -Q and you are holding A (Diagram 21). 让我们来看第二个例子。在这种情况下,转牌后的牌是 -Q ,你手中拿着 A (图 21)。
Diagram 21 图表 21
You flopped middle pair, but didn't have substantial equity or showdown value. As before, you are holding the nut flush draw blocker so you bet the flop. The turn is the , should you bet or not? 你翻牌中对,但没有实质性的股权或摊牌价值。与之前一样,你手中有最大同花顺抽牌阻挡器,所以你下注了翻牌。转牌是 ,你应该下注吗?
Let's go through the same questions again: 让我们再次回答相同的问题:
Do you have showdown value? 你有摊牌价值吗?
Now the answer is yes. You have two pair, so you beat hands such as J and K-J-10. 现在答案是肯定的。你有两对,所以你能打败像 J-10 这样的手。
Do you block your opponent's continuing range? Are there hands with a lot of equity that your opponent could be holding that you could fold out by betting? 你是否阻止对手继续范围?你的对手可能持有很多资产的手牌,你可以通过下注弃牌吗?
In this example, these would be hands such as K-J-10, J-10-9 or A-J-10. These straight draws have a lot of our equity against your hand but, on this board, your opponent would likely be folding many straight draws since a flush is already possible. 在这个例子中,这些手可能是 K-J-10,J-10-9 或 A-J-10 之类的手。这些顺子牌有很大的胜率对抗你的手,但在这个牌局中,你的对手很可能会放弃很多顺子牌,因为同花已经有可能了。
Because you can make hands with a lot of equity fold on this board, you should bet. You might be somewhat confused by this. Why are you betting this hand? Are you bluffing? Are you value betting? 因为你可以让很多公平性较高的手在这个牌局上弃牌,所以你应该下注。你可能会对此感到有些困惑。为什么你要下注这手牌?你是在虚张声势吗?你是在价值下注吗? Well, the terms "bluffing" and "value betting" are very simplified, old school terms. 嗯,"虚张声势"和"价值下注"这两个术语非常简化,是老派的术语。
The correct way to think about this is as follows: 正确思考这个问题的方法如下:
What is the EV of betting and what is the EV of checking? 什么是下注的预期价值,什么是检查的预期价值?
In this hand, there are several reasons why the EV of betting is high. 在这种情况下,押注的预期价值高的原因有几个。
The first reason, is that you will fold out hands that have a lot of equity, such as wraps or top pair hands. The second reason, is that your hand can still improve in case you do get called by a better hand. 第一个原因是,你会放弃那些有很多资产的手牌,比如包牌或顶对手牌。第二个原因是,如果你被更好的手牌跟注,你的手牌仍然有改善的可能。 The third reason, is that you have a unique blocker that you can leverage by increasing the size of the pot on the river. On almost all the river cards, the A is still going to be a valuable blocker to use as a bluff. 第三个原因是,通过在河牌上加大底池的规模,您可以利用您独特的阻挡器。在几乎所有的河牌上,A 仍然会是一个有价值的阻挡器,可以用来虚张声势。
Although we have discussed the concept of blockers mainly in the context of bluffing, they are also often used when you are bluff-catching or valuebetting. 尽管我们主要在讨论概念时将阻碍者放在虚张声势的背景下,但它们在你进行虚张声势或价值下注时也经常被使用。 As discussed at the beginning of the chapter there are many different concepts when it comes to blockers, and all these will be discussed in the following postflop chapters. 正如在本章开头讨论的那样,当涉及到阻碍因素时有许多不同的概念,所有这些将在接下来的后翻牌章节中讨论。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
Every card matters and you must learn how to prioritize and understand this concept. It is about figuring out what the strength of your hand is based on all the removal effects. 每张牌都很重要,你必须学会如何设置优先级并理解这个概念。这是关于根据所有的清除效果来确定你手牌的实力。
When you are thinking about betting, you should always consider the EV 当您考虑下注时,您应该始终考虑 EV
of checking versus the EV of betting. The main factors that influence EV are: 检查与下注的预期值。影响预期值的主要因素有:
The amount of showdown value you have.
The blockers that you are holding. 你手里拿着的阻挡器。
The Biggest C-betting Mistake
Before we begin to discuss this important topic, I want to clarify that we are not talking about low SPR scenarios. We have already noted that those pots are driven primarily by equity. In those spots, the key metric is the stack-off math. We will discuss this topic later. 在我们开始讨论这个重要话题之前,我想澄清一点,我们不是在谈论低 SPR 场景。我们已经注意到,这些场景主要由股权驱动。在这些场景中,关键指标是堆叠数学。我们稍后会讨论这个话题。
So here, we will be discussing specifically single-raised (medium to high SPR) pots. In this situation, there is a typical c-betting mistake that players make consistently. 因此,在这里,我们将专门讨论单次加注(中等到高 SPR)的底池。在这种情况下,玩家经常犯的一个典型的 c-betting 错误。 It's not only very common in small stakes games, it is also seen in online mid-stakes and high-stakes live games. 这不仅在小赌注游戏中非常普遍,也在在线中赌注和高赌注现场游戏中出现。
The biggest c-betting mistake most players make has two components but in a way they complement each other: c-betting too many medium-strength hands and not bluffing enough on the flop. 大多数玩家犯的最大的 c-bet 错误有两个组成部分,但在某种程度上它们互相补充:c-bet 太多中等强度的手牌,而在翻牌时不够虚张声势。
Bluffing has to start on the flop. If you want to have enough bluffs in your range on the turn and river, you will need to include some good bluffs in your flop c-betting range. 吓唬必须从翻牌开始。如果你想在转牌和河牌上有足够的吓唬,你需要在翻牌时包含一些好的吓唬在你的下注范围内。 If you're not utilizing your blockers (and future blockers) enough on the flop, you will have very few bluffs in your turn or river betting range. 如果你在翻牌圈没有充分利用你的挡牌(以及未来的挡牌),你在转牌或河牌下注范围中将几乎没有什么虚张声势。
Why is this such a big mistake? Because if you don't have sufficient bluffs on the flop, your opponent can easily fold to your later street aggression. Why is this mistake so common? 为什么这是一个如此严重的错误?因为如果你在翻牌圈没有足够的虚张声势,你的对手很容易就会在后续街道的进攻中弃牌。为什么这个错误如此普遍? It is because most players are c-betting their medium-strength hands, probably because they think these need protection. Alternatively, they are overvaluing their hands and not considering future streets. 这是因为大多数玩家都在下注他们的中等强度手牌,可能是因为他们认为这些手牌需要保护。或者,他们高估了自己的手牌,没有考虑未来的街道。 Given that players are already betting too many medium-strength hands, they tend to have fewer bluffs in their range out of the fear of becoming overly-aggressive and thus exploitable. 鉴于玩家已经下注了太多中等强度的手牌,他们往往在自己的范围内少了一些虚张声势,因为害怕变得过于攻击性,从而容易被利用。
The truth is that a balanced game is naturally aggressive. It just involves being aggressive with the right hands. The way most people are aggressive leaves them open to exploitation. 事实是,一场平衡的比赛自然是具有侵略性的。只是要用正确的手牌来展现侵略性。大多数人表现出的侵略性方式使他们容易被利用。 Their higher c-betting frequency (with many medium-strength hands) can be attacked by check-raising. Meanwhile, their checking range becomes extremely weak and is vulnerable to turn and river aggression. 他们更高的 c-bet 频率(带有许多中等强度的手牌)可以被反抗。同时,他们的检查范围变得极其薄弱,容易受到转牌和河牌的攻击。 Their c-betting barreling range is usually too strong and is easy to fold against. 他们的 c-betting 连续加注范围通常太强,容易被折叠。
Their aggressive strategy might work against a very passive PLO player who doesn't know how to attack or adjust but it will never hold up against any strong player who can spot these massive leaks and knows how to exploit them.
If you are to become a strong PLO player, you must start bluffing on the flop. This is done with the understanding that your value hands will protect your betting range and maximize your EV with both subranges. You will continue with selective aggression on later streets. 如果你想成为一名强大的 PLO 玩家,你必须从翻牌时开始虚张声势。这是在理解你的价值手牌将保护你的下注范围并最大化你的 EV 与两个子范围的情况下完成的。你将在后续街道上继续选择性地进攻。 You will give up some bluffs, but continue with others, depending on the cards that come, the blockers you have and the ranges in play. 你会放弃一些虚张声势,但会继续进行其他虚张声势,这取决于出现的牌、你拥有的封堵牌和玩牌的范围。
You will not incentivize your opponents to check-raise light in an attempt to exploit you because you will be betting a combination of strong hands and bluffs. 你不会激励对手轻易地进行盲注加注,试图利用你,因为你会下注一组强牌和虚张声势。 You will not be vulnerable to turn and river aggression after checking because you will have enough medium-strength hands to call, and even some strong hands with which you can raise. 在检查后,您不会容易受到转牌和河牌的攻击,因为您会有足够的中等牌力量来跟注,甚至一些强牌可以用来加注。 Your opponent will not simply be able to make hero folds against your turn and river bets because your bluffing ratio will be better balanced and they will be at risk of over-folding. 您的对手不会简单地能够对您的转牌和河牌下注做出英雄放弃,因为您的虚张声势比例将更加平衡,他们将面临过度放弃的风险。
The real lesson here is not to simply c-bet fewer medium-strength hands and bet more bluffs. It is to understand how you can become a stronger player by doing so. Also, how you can exploit and avoid being exploited by doing so. 这里真正的教训不是简单地少量下注中等牌力的手牌,多下注虚张声势。而是要理解通过这样做如何成为一个更强的玩家。同时,也要理解通过这样做如何利用和避免被利用。 If you understand and implement this concept, you are way ahead of most PLO players. 如果你理解并实施了这个概念,你就比大多数 PLO 玩家领先很多。
In small stakes games, many players will be making this two-pronged cbetting mistake. It's up to you to determine who is and who isn't and, if they are, to what degree. 在小注游戏中,许多玩家会犯这种双重下注错误。由你来判断谁是谁不是,以及如果他们是的话,程度如何。 Maybe your opponent is extremely unbalanced, c-betting medium-strength hands and checking hands that should be bluffed. You can greatly exploit this player in numerous ways. 也许你的对手极度不平衡,会下注中等牌力的手牌,而将应该虚张声势的手牌进行让牌。你可以通过多种方式大大地利用这位玩家。
Let's suppose they are c-betting medium-strength hands but also bluffing on the flop. Here, you can greatly exploit their checking range and slightly widen your check-raising range. You also know they will likely start checking medium-strength hands on later streets. 假设他们在中等手牌上进行 c-bet,但也在翻牌时虚张声势。在这种情况下,您可以大大利用他们的检查范围,并略微扩大您的检查加注范围。您还知道他们可能会在后续街道上开始检查中等手牌。 Given that your calling range is comparatively strong you can attack these with thin value bets and bluffs. 鉴于您的牌力范围相对较强,您可以通过薄值下注和虚张声势来攻击这些对手。
No matter what their skill level is at PLO, almost all players still make big mistakes when it comes to c-betting. Understanding the core concepts behind c-betting in different scenarios is fundamental for any winning PLO strategy. 无论 PLO 玩家的技能水平如何,几乎所有玩家在进行 c-betting 时仍然会犯大错。理解在不同情况下 c-betting 背后的核心概念对于任何成功的 PLO 策略都是至关重要的。 Think back to your own c-betting strategy from previous play. What kind of 回想一下你之前的 c-betting 策略。你通常会使用什么类型
leak(s) does your game have and how can you fix them? Do you need to check more with medium-strength hands, bluff more on the flop, or both? 您的游戏有哪些漏洞,如何修复它们?您是否需要更多地检查中等强度的手牌,在翻牌圈更多地虚张声势,还是两者都需要?
First, you must create a solid plan and set up your ranges correctly for the turn and river. Once you understand when and which hands to c-bet, it becomes much easier to identify the leaks in your opponent's c-betting strategy. 首先,您必须制定一个扎实的计划,并正确设置转牌和河牌的范围。一旦您了解何时以及哪些手牌进行 c-bet,就会更容易识别对手 c-bet 策略中的漏洞。 Once you understand your opponent's leaks, you can adjust your strategy to be even more profitable. 一旦你了解对手的漏洞,你可以调整策略,使之更加有利可图。
A few caveats. Remember that many players, especially at small stakes games, are currently making this c-betting mistake. You can therefore apply the exploits discussed and increase your EV. However, you must be careful. 一些注意事项。记住,许多玩家,尤其是在小注游戏中,目前都在犯这个 c-betting 错误。因此,您可以应用所讨论的利用方法,提高您的 EV。但是,您必须小心。 These exploits can cost you if your opponent is actually playing a more balanced game of checking medium-strength hands and c-betting a polarized range. Don't confuse low SPR gameplay with high SPR gameplay. 这些技巧可能会让你付出代价,如果你的对手实际上在玩一个更平衡的游戏,检查中等强度的手牌并下注极化范围。不要混淆低 SPR 玩法和高 SPR 玩法。
If you spot someone using blockers effectively and checking mediumstrength hands, then adjust your game. Also, if you do face a particularly weak and passive player, betting medium-strength hands in position will cost you less. 如果你发现有人有效地使用阻挡器并检查中等强度的手牌,那么调整你的游戏。另外,如果你面对一个特别弱和被动的玩家,那么在位置上下注中等强度的手牌将让你花费更少。 Passive players don't punish you as much as stronger players. Your checking range will weaken and your c-betting range will become more fragile, but a passive player, by definition, will not check-raise light or adjust otherwise. 被动玩家不像强者那样惩罚你。你的查牌范围会变弱,你的 c-bet 范围会变得更脆弱,但被动玩家根据定义不会轻易进行反抗或做其他调整。
Playing OOP you mostly will still want to focus on playing a polarized cbetting strategy, because even passive or weak players will be able to gain EV by having a positional and informational advantage. Checking mediumstrength hands OOP versus a passive player still works well. 玩 OOP 时,您大多数情况下仍然会希望专注于使用极化的 cbetting 策略,因为即使是被动或弱势的玩家也能通过拥有位置和信息优势来获得 EV。与被动玩家比较中等强度的手牌仍然有效。 This is because you can value bet thinner against their weak checking ranges on later streets without much fear of being bluff-raised. 这是因为你可以更薄地下注,而不必担心被搞虚张声势的可能性,这样你就可以更好地对付他们后续街道上的弱检查范围。
Finally, and very importantly, a reminder that we are talking about averages and a baseline game strategy. This is how you should think, in general, about the game in medium to high SPR scenarios. 最后,非常重要的一点是,提醒大家我们谈论的是平均数和基本游戏策略。这是你应该如何一般性地考虑在中等到高 SPR 情景下的游戏。 In specific situations, you will see that you need to take more factors into account when making decisions. For example, your specific preflop ranges and the Four Pillars of Postflop Analysis. 在特定情况下,您会发现在做决策时需要考虑更多因素。例如,您的具体起手范围和后翻分析的四大支柱。 Sometimes you will have such a range and polarity advantage that you will c-bet your entire range. Sometimes you won't want to c-bet at all, even with your strongest hands, in order to protect the rest of your checking range. 有时候你会有如此广泛和极性优势,以至于你会对整个范围进行 c-bet。有时候,即使是你最强的手牌,你也不想 c-bet,以保护你其余的检查范围。 As we will now discuss, much of this depends on the board texture. 正如我们将要讨论的,这在很大程度上取决于牌桌的纹理。
Board Texture 牌面纹理
The next important concept you must understand when it comes to postflop strategy is board texture. 后翻策略中您必须理解的下一个重要概念是牌桌质地。 When you look at the board, you need to know how different board textures interact with the preflop ranges in play and how that is impacting your bet-sizing and your c-betting frequency. 当您查看牌桌时,您需要了解不同的牌桌纹理如何与玩家的起手范围相互作用,以及这如何影响您的下注大小和您的 C-bet 频率。
There are four basic main board textures: 有四种基本的主板纹理:
Unpaired: a board where there is no straight possible, no flush possible and there is no pair on the board. For example A-K-5. 不成对:一块牌上没有可能直接、没有可能同花,并且牌上没有对子。例如 A-K-5。
Paired boards: a board that features a pair. For example 7 -7 成对的牌:一副牌中有一对的牌。例如 7 -7
Straight boards: a board on which a straight is possible. For example Jo. 直板:可以形成直线的板。例如 Jo 。
Monotone boards: a board on which a flush is possible. For example A -10 -3ـ. 单调板:一块可以组成同花的牌。例如 A -10 -3ـ。
These different board types have different bet size preferences. But it doesn't mean that these sizings are set in stone and that you must follow them blindly. 这些不同类型的牌局有不同的下注尺寸偏好。但这并不意味着这些尺寸是一成不变的,你必须盲目遵循它们。 On some boards, using a different sizing can be totally fine and, depending on your opponent, can be better than using the theoretically best ones. However, if you don't have a good reason to use a different sizing, you should use the standard ones. 在某些牌局中,使用不同的尺寸可能完全没问题,并且根据你的对手,可能比使用理论上最好的尺寸更好。然而,如果你没有充分的理由使用不同的尺寸,你应该使用标准的尺寸。 This will give you a solid base and keep you out of trouble. 这将为您打下坚实的基础,让您远离麻烦。
PLO is a big, complex game. There are many different board textures and, just as with preflop hand categories, there are many scenarios where it is necessary to analyze postflop strategy between specific preflop ranges. PLO 是一个庞大而复杂的游戏。有许多不同的棋盘纹理,就像翻牌前手牌类别一样,有许多情况需要分析特定翻牌范围之间的翻牌后策略。 When advanced players study PLO, they break down board textures into dozens of different types and break down their strategy using subranges or "strength buckets". 当高级玩家学习 PLO 时,他们将牌桌纹理分解为数十种不同类型,并使用子范围或“强度桶”来分解他们的策略。
However, at the end of the day, good, consistent play is all about recognizing strategy patterns. Apply what you have learned and use the best rationale to come up with the best decision you can. 然而,归根结底,良好、一贯的表现都是关于识别策略模式的。运用你所学到的知识,并运用最佳的理性来做出你能做出的最佳决定。 This is done by comparing decisions and using correct range composition for the hand you are currently playing. Then, away from the table, review your hands and learn more about the typical strategy patterns that arise. 这是通过比较决策并为当前玩的手使用正确的范围组合来完成的。然后,远离桌子,回顾你的手牌,并了解更多关于出现的典型策略模式。
In the following chapters you will start internalizing your understanding of board texture and interaction with preflop ranges. You will do this by going 在接下来的章节中,您将开始内化对牌桌纹理和与翻牌范围的互动的理解。您将通过进行这个过程来做到这一点。
though many hand examples, and not by attempting to classify every possible board, which would be completely impractical. There will be a focus on the Four Pillars of Postflop Analysis so that you can start to master Pot Limit Omaha postflop strategy. 尽管有许多手牌示例,并不是试图对每种可能的牌局进行分类,这是完全不切实际的。我们将重点关注后翻分析的四大支柱,这样您就可以开始掌握奥马哈无限底池后翻策略。
Postflop Theory: Single-raised Pots 后翻理论:单次加注底池
Flop C-bet IP Strategy (Button Versus
BB)
Introduction 介绍
The postflop section will feature a mix of theory and hand examples. At the beginning of the chapters, we will discuss the concepts that drive the baseline strategy. We will then clarify the concepts by giving multiple hand examples. 后翻牌部分将包括理论和手牌示例的混合。在章节开始时,我们将讨论驱动基本策略的概念。然后,我们将通过多个手牌示例来澄清这些概念。
In this first chapter on postflop play, we are going to examine how to play single-raised pots in position as the preflop aggressor. Please note that all the hand examples are based on a situation where you are on the Button and your opponent is in the BB. 在这个关于后翻牌打法的第一章中,我们将研究如何在位置上作为翻牌前进攻者玩单次加注的底池。请注意,所有的手牌示例都是基于你在按钮位置,对手在大盲位的情况。
Sizing 尺寸调整
The following c-bet sizings are the standard ones that you should use when you are in a single-raised pot, playing IP, as the preflop aggressor (Diagram 22). 以下的 c-bet 尺寸是标准尺寸,当你在单次加注池中,作为前翻主动者(图表 22)时应该使用的。
The main factor that drives these different bet sizings is the board dynamic. On very static boards, your range needs less protection so you can use a smaller bet sizing. The term "static boards" refers to scenarios where the nuts don't tend to change much on future streets. 驱动这些不同下注尺寸的主要因素是牌局动态。在非常静态的牌局中,您的手牌范围需要较少的保护,因此可以使用较小的下注尺寸。术语“静态牌局”指的是未来街道上坚果牌不太容易改变的情况。
Board Texture 牌面纹理
Sizing 尺寸调整
Unpaired
Straight
Monotone
Paired 配对
Diagram 22 图表 22
C-bet Sizings for Single-raised Pots
On an unpaired board such as - , there are many turns and rivers that can completely change the dynamic and the nuts of the board. On a paired board such as , there are fewer turn and river cards that will change the dynamic and the nuts. Therefore, you don't need to bet as big because your range requires less protection. 在像 - 这样的未配对牌桌上,有许多转牌和河牌可以完全改变牌桌的动态和最大牌。在像 这样的配对牌桌上,会有更少的转牌和河牌能够改变牌桌的动态和最大牌。因此,你不需要下注那么大,因为你的手牌范围需要的保护更少。
The suggested sizings are baseline sizings and you can use them every single time if you want. However, sometimes it can make sense to use a different sizing. For example, if either your opponent or you are playing with much deeper or shorter stacks. 建议的尺寸是基准尺寸,如果您愿意,可以每次都使用它们。但是,有时候使用不同的尺寸可能更合理。例如,如果您或您的对手的筹码堆叠更深或更短。 Another reason to adjust these sizings is from an exploitative perspective if you think that your hand is going to play a little bit better when you use a different sizing. So don't feel obliged to just blindly follow these sizings, but they are a good starting point. 调整这些尺寸的另一个原因是从剥削的角度来看,如果你认为当你使用不同的尺寸时你的手会玩得更好一点。所以不要觉得必须盲目地遵循这些尺寸,但它们是一个很好的起点。
Expected Value ( ) 预期值 ( )
When you are deciding whether to c-bet or to check, there is one main question that you should ask yourself, "Which option offers a higher EV, checking or betting?" 当你决定是继续下注还是选择让牌时,有一个主要问题你应该问自己,“哪个选项提供更高的预期价值,让牌还是下注?”
The two main factors that increase the EV of a c-bet are: 增加 c-bet 的 EV 的两个主要因素是:
Your showdown value. If your hand has high equity and nuttiness, it is likely that you should be c-betting to increase the size of the pot. 你的摊牌价值。如果你的手牌具有高股权和坚果性,那么很可能你应该进行 c-bet 以增加底池的规模。
Blockers. If your hand has strong blockers or future blockers, you might also want to bet. This is because you have more fold equity either now or 阻挡牌。如果你手中有强大的阻挡牌或未来的阻挡牌,你可能也想下注。这是因为你现在或将来都有更多的弃牌权益。
on future streets. This will help you to generate turn and river bluffs. 在未来的街道上。这将帮助您产生转弯和河流的虚张声势。
In many situations, checking will have a higher EV than betting. So, what are the factors that decrease the EV of a c-bet and increase the EV of a check? The following are important: 在许多情况下,检查的预期价值会高于下注。那么,是什么因素会降低 c-bet 的预期价值并提高检查的预期价值呢?以下是重要的因素:
Holding reverse blockers to your opponent's continuing range. This makes it more likely that your opponent is going to continue and decreases your fold equity. 持有反向阻挡器以阻止对手继续范围。这样做会增加对手继续的可能性,降低你的弃牌权益。
Most medium-strength hands don't benefit from betting because they have a hard time defending against a check-raise and are needed to protect your checking range. 大多数中等强度的手牌不适合下注,因为它们很难抵御对方的加注,并且需要保护您的盲注范围。
Hands without nuttiness don't benefit from inflating the pot because they can easily be dominated and lose a big pot. 没有疯狂的手牌不会受益于加注,因为它们很容易被主导并输掉大锅。
A hand that is very turn-determined. These are hands that have some very good turns as well as some very bad turns. They benefit from seeing a free turn card. 一个非常转向决定的手。这些手有一些非常好的转向,也有一些非常糟糕的转向。他们受益于看到一个免费的转向牌。
Hand Examples on Flop Jop-10 -6 翻牌圈上的手牌示例 J-10 -6
Hand Example 12
You are on the Button with (Diagram 23). 您在按钮上 (图表 23)。
Diagram 23 图表 23
You are holding top two pair, the nut flush draw, and the nut gutshot. A hand with such high equity and nuttiness almost always requires a bet. 你手里有顶级两对,最大的同花顺牌,以及最大的中间顺子牌。拥有如此高的权益和最大优势的手牌几乎总是需要下注。
Hand Example 13
Diagram 24 图表 24
Hands with a top and bottom pair with no overcards and a medium flush draw should be checked because you have low nuttiness. When it is very difficult to make the nuts on any runout, you usually don't benefit from building a massive pot. 手中有一对顶部和底部,没有高牌,并且有中等同花顺的情况下,应该选择看牌,因为你的牌不够强。当在任何牌局中很难获得最强牌时,通常不会从建立一个庞大的底池中受益。 However, you can utilize these hands to protect your checking range as these hands can pretty much call any turn. Although you would be able to call a flop check-raise, realizing your equity on the turn and the river will be very hard, especially at high SPRs. 然而,您可以利用这些手来保护您的检查范围,因为这些手几乎可以跟任何转牌。尽管您可以跟注翻牌的加注,但在转牌和河牌上实现您的权益将会非常困难,特别是在高 SPR 的情况下。 These hands cannot apply a lot of pressure on subsequent streets. So, you don't have a hand that wants to build a pot on many turn cards and your check back range can easily be protected by checking back this hand. 这些手在接下来的街道上不能施加太多压力。因此,您没有一个想在许多转牌上建立一个锅的手,您的回检范围可以通过回检这手轻松保护。
Hand Example 14
Diagram 25 图表 25
At first glance, a hand such as this looks like a bare weak overpair. However, you also have a backdoor flush draw, a relevant flush draw blocker and straight blockers. This kind of hand is a good one to c-bet because you will be able to use your key cards to barrel-bluff. 乍一看,这样的手看起来像是一个裸露的弱对子。然而,你还有一个后门同花顺牌,一个相关的同花牌封堵者和顺子封堵者。这种手是一个很好的 C-bet 手牌,因为你可以利用你的关键牌来进行虚张声势。 If you get check-raised, you can easily fold without losing much equity. Furthermore, this hand doesn't gain much from checking back because there are not many turn cards that improve its showdown value. 如果你被加注了,你可以很容易地放弃而不会失去太多股权。此外,这手牌不会因为回头看而获得太多好处,因为没有太多的转牌可以提高它的摊牌价值。 Therefore, the way to maximize EV is to bet the flop and hope for a fold or that you turn a blocker or improve your equity. 因此,最大化预期价值的方法是在翻牌时下注,希望对手弃牌,或者你翻牌后得到一个阻挡牌或提高你的股权。
Hand Example 15
You are on the Button with - -K (Diagram 26). 您在按钮上 - -K(图 26)上。
This is a similar pocket Kings hand but this is one you should check. You are holding average equity and this hand will be more defined by the turn card. You have some nutted outs on the turn and you don't want to get pushed off this equity by a flop check-raise. 这是一个类似的口袋国王手牌,但这是一个你应该看牌的手牌。你手中的平均资产,这手牌将更多地由转牌来定义。你在转牌上有一些最佳牌的机会,你不希望在翻牌后被一个看牌加注推出这个资产。 With guaranteed nut outs, multiple beneficial runouts (turn-determined) and a bigger EV loss when check-raised, you should check this hand and plan to continue on many good turns. 有了保证的坚果出局,多个有利的出局(由转牌决定),以及在被加注时损失更大的预期价值,你应该选择看牌,并计划在很多好的转牌上继续。
Diagram 26 图表 26
Hand Examples on Flop Aq-K 翻牌区域的手牌示例 A-Q-K
Hand Example 16
You are on the Button with -2 (Diagram 27). 您在按钮上与 -2(图 27)。
Diagram 27 图表 27
This bare Queens hand doesn't have much showdown value or any additional draws, so it has very low equity. However, you do have excellent flush draw and straight blockers. 这张裸露的皇后手牌没有太多的摊牌价值或任何额外的牌,因此它的股权非常低。然而,您拥有出色的同花顺和顺子阻挡牌。 You can use this hand to barrel on blanks to represent the Q-J straight, or to barrel on spades, representing a flush. Therefore, you should c-bet with this hand. If you get check-raised, you can fold without giving up much equity. 您可以使用这只手在空白牌上代表 Q-J 顺子,或者在黑桃上代表同花。因此,您应该用这只手进行 c-bet。如果您被加注,您可以放弃而不会损失太多股权。
Hand Example 17
You are on the Button with -7 (Diagram 28). 您在按钮上与 -7(图 28)。
Diagram 28 图表 28
With a weak middle pair hand, a gutshot and weak flush draw, this is a tougher decision. You have medium equity and low nuttiness, so you don't benefit from increasing the size of the pot or getting blown off the hand. 持有一手弱中对手牌,一手中间直击和弱同花顺抽,这是一个更困难的决定。您的中等权益和低坚果性,因此您不会受益于增加底池的大小或被打掉手牌。 If you bet, you will not make a better hand (or a hand with significant equity) fold. With a small amount of showdown value, you could check this hand. It also serves to protect your check back range slightly as you will be able to call a turn stab. 如果你下注,你不会让一个更好的手牌(或者有显著资产的手牌)弃牌。有一点摊牌价值的话,你可以选择让这手牌过牌。这也有助于稍微保护你的过牌范围,因为你可以跟注转牌的挑战。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
The board structure hugely influences your betting frequency and your sizing. There are four main flop types, and you can use the following sizes as a baseline bet sizing strategy when in position: 棋盘结构极大地影响您的下注频率和下注金额。有四种主要的翻牌类型,当处于有利位置时,您可以使用以下尺寸作为基准下注策略:
Unpaired boards - 75% 未配对的板 - 75%
Straight boards - 50% 直板 - 50%
Monotone boards - 50% 单调板 - 50%
Paired boards - 33% 成对的板 - 33%
The main driver of these different bet sizings is how often the nuts change on subsequent streets. On static or dry flops such as monotone or paired boards, your range requires less protection, so you can bet smaller. 这些不同赌注大小的主要驱动因素是坚果在随后的街道上变化的频率。在静态或干燥的翻牌上,比如单色或成对的牌板,您的范围需要较少的保护,因此可以下较小的赌注。 On dynamic or wet boards, the nuts change often, so your range needs more protection, and you bet bigger. 在动态或潮湿的牌局中,最佳手牌经常变化,因此您的手牌范围需要更多保护,您需要下更大的赌注。
Keep in mind that these sizings are not set in stone; they are just guidelines. Some flops within each category are more static or dynamic than others. For example, A compared to , or compared to . If you feel that deviating from the standard sizings increases your EV in certain situations, then you should do so. 请记住,这些尺寸并非一成不变;它们只是指导方针。每个类别中的一些变化比其他变化更为静态或动态。例如,A 相对于 ,或 相对于 。如果您觉得偏离标准尺寸在某些情况下会增加您的预期价值,那么您应该这样做。
When deciding whether to bet or check, ask yourself, "Which action has better EV, checking or betting?” 在决定下注还是看牌时,请问自己:“哪个动作的 EV 更好,看牌还是下注?”
Hands with high nuttiness and equity or hands with strong (future) blockers should usually be bet. 通常应该下注高坚果和公平性的手牌,或者有强大(未来)阻挡牌的手牌。
Medium-strength hands, hands without nuttiness, or turn-determined hands, should usually be checked. 中等强度的手,没有疯狂的手,或者决定性的手,通常应该被检查。
Overall your c-betting frequency IP when using a polarized c-betting strategy should be around . You c-bet more on some boards than others but keep in mind checking a good portion of hands is an important part of protecting your check back range and maximizing the EV of many medium-strength hands. 总体而言,当使用极化的 c-betting 策略时,您在 IP 时的 c-betting 频率应该大约为 。您在某些牌桌上下注更多,但请记住,检查一部分好手是保护您的检查范围并最大化许多中等强度手的 EV 的重要部分。 Checking back should not equal giving up, but managing the size of the pot to your advantage. 回头检查不应等同于放弃,而是要管理好奖池的大小,以谋取自己的利益。
Flop C-bet OOP Strategy (Cutoff Versus Button)
Introduction 介绍
In this chapter, we will be examining the play in single-raised pots, playing OOP, as the preflop aggressor. We will be comparing OOP strategies to those discussed in the previous chapter (flop c-betting when playing IP) by analyzing some of the same boards. 在本章中,我们将研究单次加注池中的玩法,作为先前犯规者在场外玩的一方。我们将通过分析一些相同的牌局,将场外玩法与前一章讨论的玩法进行比较(在场内玩时的翻牌 C-bet)。 This will help you to understand how having positional advantage (or disadvantage) impacts on your play. 这将帮助您了解拥有位置优势(或劣势)如何影响您的比赛。
In the following examples, assume that you raised from the Cutoff and were called by the Button with both blinds folding. So, you are now playing OOP with a high SPR. 在以下示例中,假设您从 Cutoff 加注,被 Button 跟注,两个盲注弃牌。因此,您现在以高 SPR 玩家在 OOP 位置。
Sizing 尺寸调整
The standard bet-sizings you should use OOP are the same ones as IP. Again, the bet-sizings are guidelines and don't depend on the position you are in. They mainly depend on the structure of the board (Diagram 29). 你在 OOP 时应该使用的标准下注尺寸与 IP 相同。再次强调,下注尺寸只是指导原则,并不取决于你所处的位置。它们主要取决于牌桌的结构(图表 29)。
Board Texture 牌面纹理
Sizing 尺寸调整
Unpaired
Straight
Monotone
Paired 配对
Diagram 29 图表 29
C-bet Sizings for Single-raised Pots
C-bet Frequency C-bet 频率
Let's look at four different boards and see how often you should be c-betting on these boards when OOP. 让我们看看四种不同的牌局,看看在 OOP 时应该在这些牌局上进行多少次 c-bet。
On K -6 - 5 , the c-bet frequency is . 在 K -6 - 5 上,c-bet 频率为 。
On 10-8 - the c-bet frequency is . 在 10-8 - c-bet 频率为 。
On 8 - 7 , the c-bet frequency is . 8 - 7 日,c-bet 频率为 。
On , the c-bet frequency is . 在 上,c-bet 频率为 。
The first thing that might strike you is how infrequently the OOP player is c-betting. Let's recap the reasons for this. Single-raised heads-up pots with high SPRs maximize the positional disadvantage of the OOP player. 可能会让你印象深刻的第一件事是 OOP 玩家很少进行 c-bet。让我们回顾一下这个原因。单次加注的两人局中,高 SPR 最大化了 OOP 玩家的位置劣势。 You usually won't have a significant equity or a polarity advantage, meaning the equity and polarity between the Cutoff and the Button preflop ranges run very close on most boards. 通常情况下,您不会拥有明显的权益或极性优势,这意味着翻牌前 Cutoff 和 Button 的权益和极性范围在大多数牌局上非常接近。
Many players overestimate how much of an equity advantage they have when playing an "uncapped preflop range". They tend to think, "Well, given that the Button didn't 3-bet, I must have an equity advantage." 许多玩家高估了他们在玩“无上限起手范围”时拥有的权益优势。他们倾向于认为:“嗯,考虑到庄家没有 3-bet,我一定有权益优势。”
On many boards, you are running into a 50/50 split when it comes to equities and even the polarity distribution is often approximately even. The OOP player therefore ends up checking a lot because of the positional disadvantage both now and on future streets. 在许多牌局中,当涉及到股票时,你会遇到 50/50 的分歧,甚至极性分布通常也是大致均匀的。因此,OOP 玩家最终会因为目前和未来街道上的位置劣势而经常选择过牌。
It is only when the preflop range of the OOP player is a lot stronger than the caller's range and the board texture is very favorable, that the OOP player starts to c-bet at a relatively high frequency. 只有当 OOP 玩家的起手范围比跟注者的范围强很多,并且牌桌纹理非常有利时,OOP 玩家才开始以相对较高的频率进行 c-bet。 An example would be an Acehigh board when you raise from EP and the Button calls. On this board, the OOP player has a bigger polarity advantage because they have a lot of top set combinations, whereas the Button has almost none. 一个例子是当你在早期位置加注,按钮跟注时出现一个 Acehigh 牌型的牌桌。在这种牌型上,处于位置劣势的玩家具有更大的极性优势,因为他们有很多顶对子的组合,而按钮几乎没有。
A further reason why you check OOP is that you are also incentivized to play many of your very strong hands as a check-raise rather than a c-bet. As in many preflop spots, you want to lower the SPR and play a two-street game instead of a three-street game when possible. 进一步检查 OOP 的原因是,您也被激励将许多非常强的手牌作为检查加注而不是 c-bet 来打。就像在许多翻牌前的情况下一样,您希望尽可能降低 SPR 并玩一个两街局而不是三街局。
Another question you might ask when considering flop c-bet frequencies is, "Can't we just simplify our strategy and check our full range?" Although you should check most hands, by checking your full range you would be leaving a lot of money on the table. 考虑翻牌时的 c-bet 频率时,您可能会问的另一个问题是,“我们不能简化我们的策略,检查我们的全部范围吗?”尽管您应该检查大多数手牌,但如果检查您的全部范围,您将会失去很多钱。 You still have specific hands with key
blockers which should be c-bet because the expectation of betting is much higher when compared to checking. 应该进行 c-bet 的阻挡器,因为与检查相比,下注的期望值要高得多。
Once again, it is all about understanding principles. On some boards, the bet frequencies are very low. For example, on , you are c-betting only . However, within this range, there are some hands that are c-betting at a very high frequency and you should learn these patterns so you can identify when you should go ahead and c-bet. 再次,这一切都是关于理解原则。在某些牌局中,下注频率非常低。例如,在 上,你只下注 。然而,在这个范围内,有一些手牌以非常高的频率下注,你应该学会这些模式,以便能够确定何时应该继续下注。
Analysis
In this section we are going to work with strength buckets. Strength buckets are categories or groups of hands that have similar strength or blockers. For example, top set is a common bucket to investigate. We group hands into buckets to compare them to different buckets. 在这一部分,我们将使用强度桶进行工作。强度桶是具有相似强度或阻塞器的手牌的类别或组。例如,顶对是一个常见的研究桶。我们将手牌分组到桶中,以将它们与不同的桶进行比较。 We can then breakdown and analyze betting patterns and validate our hypotheses about how the game works. 我们可以分解和分析投注模式,并验证我们关于游戏运作方式的假设。
Let's consider the first flop . As mentioned before, you have a very low c-betting frequency on this flop. This means most strength buckets are starting with a check with the intention of moving to either a check-call line or a check-raising line, depending on their equity and future street playability. 让我们考虑第一个翻牌 。如前所述,您在这个翻牌上的 c-bet 频率非常低。这意味着大多数牌力范围都是从检查开始,打算转向检查-跟注线或检查-加注线,取决于他们的权益和未来街道的可玩性。
Top Set on K中-6 -5 K 中-6 的顶部设置 -5
With a set of Kings, you are c-betting of the time and checking the rest. When you check, you check-call about and check-raise . Considering that you are holding the nuts, the check-raising frequency is relatively low. That's because the board is still very draw heavy and that typically increases the OOP player's disadvantage because there are more potential texture shifts that can occur. 持有一组国王时,您有 的时间进行 c-bet,其余时间则进行检查。当您检查时,您会大约 的时间进行检查-跟注, 的时间进行检查-加注。考虑到您持有最佳牌,检查加注的频率相对较低。这是因为牌桌上仍然有很多可能的牌型组合,这通常会增加处于劣势的 OOP 玩家的劣势,因为可能发生更多潜在的纹理变化。 Therefore, it will be more profitable for you to sometimes play with a check-call rather than a check-raise. Let's look at some specific examples: 因此,有时与跟注玩比起来,与加注玩更有利可图。让我们看一些具体的例子:
Hand Example 18
You are in the Cutoff with A (Diagram 30). 您在截止处与 A (图 30)中。
Diagram 30 图表 30
With the nut flush draw and a strong made hand, you have all the incentive you need to inflate the pot as much as possible. The challenge is figuring out what the best course of action is to achieve this. Preferably, you would like to get in a check-raise. 有坚固的牌和坚固的同花顺牌,你有足够的动力尽可能地增加底池。挑战在于找出实现这一目标的最佳行动方案。最好的情况是,你想要进行一次让牌-加注。 However, you must consider how likely you are to face a bet from the IP player and how often they will be able to continue after such aggression? As you are blocking the strongest hands and draws, you are removing your opponent's most likely c-betting and continuing hands. 然而,您必须考虑从 IP 玩家那里面对赌注的可能性有多大,以及他们在这种侵略之后能够继续的频率有多高?由于您挡住了最强的手牌和牌型,您正在削弱对手最有可能的 c-bet 和继续手牌。 Therefore, you are better off by c-betting. 因此,你最好通过 c-bet 来下注。
Hand Example 19
You are in the Cutoff with (Diagram 31). 您在截止处与 (图表 31)一起。
Diagram 31 图表 31
Here you don't block the nut flush draw or any straightening cards, so your opponent is more likely to wake up with a hand such as a wrap or a nut flush draw which would most likely get bet. With a hand such as this, you should go for a check-raise. 在这里,你不会阻止坚果同花顺或任何成牌,所以你的对手更有可能拿到类似包或坚果同花顺这样的牌,这些牌很可能会下注。有了这样的牌,你应该选择进行一个反攻。
Hand Example 20
You are in the Cutoff with (Diagram 32). 您在截止处与 (图 32)一起。
Diagram 32 图表 32
This hand has less playability but you still have a backdoor flush draw and backdoor straight opportunities. Also, you are unblocking spade draws that can call a bet. This hand can be played either by betting or check-raising. 这手牌的可玩性较低,但你仍然有一个后门同花顺的牌型和后门顺子的机会。此外,你还解除了可能跟注的黑桃牌型。这手牌可以通过下注或者加注来玩。
Hand Example 21
You are in the Cutoff with (Diagram 33). 您在截止处与 (图 33)一起。
Diagram 33 图表 33
This hand is going to fare much worse when facing a call on the flop and playing at high SPR on the turn and the river. Unlike the previous hand, you have no flush draw or straight draw possibility. You are also not blocking any draws your opponent could bet on the flop. 这手牌在面对翻牌时会变得更糟,而且在转牌和河牌时的 SPR 较高时会更糟。与之前的手牌不同,你没有同花顺或顺子的可能性。你也没有阻挡对手可能在翻牌时下注的任何牌。 Therefore, this hand is more suitable to play for a check-raise. You are better off by getting the money in on the flop or by reducing the SPR significantly or getting your opponent to fold their equity. 因此,这手牌更适合用来进行查-加注。最好的策略是在翻牌圈把钱放进去,或者显著降低 SPR,或者让对手放弃他们的股权。
Hand Example 22
You are in the Cutoff with A (Diagram 34). 您在截止处与 A (图 34)一起。
Diagram 34 图表 34
Here, you have top set but very poor backup. You are not holding a backdoor flush draw or straight draw or a future flush blocker. Also, you are blocking your own full house outs. This hand has the least amount of equity when you are check-raising compared to other combinations. 在这里,你有顶对,但备用牌很差。你没有持有后门同花顺牌或顺子牌或未来的同花牌封堵者。此外,你还挡住了自己的满堂牌。与其他组合相比,当你选择加注时,这手牌的资产最少。 Also, it doesn't have great playability. Therefore, this hand should go into the check-calling range. 此外,它的可玩性并不是很好。因此,这手牌应该进入跟注范围。
Hand Example 23
You are in the Cutoff with (Diagram 35). 您在截止处与 (图 35)一起。
Here you have top set, an open-ended straight draw and a backdoor flush draw. At the same time, you are not blocking 7-8-9 and you are not blocking spades. 这里你有顶部牌组,一个开放式直接抽牌和一个后门同花抽牌。与此同时,你没有挡住 7-8-9,也没有挡住黑桃。 Given the decent turn playability and unblocking of your opponent's flop range, this is a good candidate to play for a check-raise. 鉴于对手的翻牌范围的不错转动可玩性和解封,这是一个很好的候选人,可以进行查-加注游戏。
Diagram 35 图表 35
When holding a very strong hand such as top set you will often be aiming for a check-raise. However, always consider your opponent's aggression level and how often they are actually going to bet the flop. 当持有像顶部套牌这样非常强大的牌时,您通常会瞄准进行一次检查加注。然而,始终要考虑对手的攻击水平以及他们实际上会在翻牌时下注的频率。 Some players are not stabbing as aggressively as GTO would suggest when checked to on the flop without being the preflop aggressor. If this is the case, then you want to shift some hands into a c-betting strategy because you are unlikely to get the check-raise in. 有些玩家在翻牌时并没有像 GTO 建议的那样激进地刺杀,而是在没有成为翻牌前激进者的情况下被检查。 如果是这种情况,那么您希望将一些手牌转移到 c-betting 策略中,因为您不太可能被检查加注。
However, the principles discussed are still important. You want to think about playability, removal cards, and the likelihood that your opponent has a strong hand that wants to stab thus increasing the probability that you can get in a check-raise successfully. 然而,讨论的原则仍然很重要。您需要考虑可玩性、移除卡牌以及对手可能持有强牌并想要出手的可能性,从而增加您成功进行加注的概率。
Straight Draw With a Flush Draw on Kی-6 -51 在 Kی-6 上直接抽取带有同花抽象
This bucket includes mainly combo draws that don't have any showdown value on the flop. The most relevant questions that you should be asking yourself here are: 这个桶主要包括在翻牌时没有任何摊牌价值的组合抽。你应该问自己的最相关问题是:
Is my hand strong enough to check-raise? 我的手够强大吗,可以进行加注?
How much equity am I pushing? 我推动了多少股权?
How much playability do I have? 我有多少可玩性?
The overall c-bet frequency with this strength bucket is again very low, 这个强度范围的整体 c-bet 频率再次非常低,
about 15%. You are check-calling around and check-raising about . 大约 15%。您在 左右进行跟注,而在 左右进行加注。
Hand Example 24
You are in the Cutoff with A -J (Diagram 36). 您在截断处与 A -J (图 36)相遇。
Diagram 36 图表 36
You are holding the low end of the open-ended straight draw and a Jackhigh flush draw. This hand can be classified as a medium-strength hand and is not strong enough to check-raise. 你手中拿着开放式直接抽牌的低端和 J 高同花抽牌。这手牌可以被归类为中等强度的手牌,不足以进行慢玩加注。 You don't want to bet because the hand doesn't have much nuttiness and does not play that well when facing a raise on the flop. Building the pot at this point is not a good outcome, so you want to check-call. 你不想下注,因为这手牌并没有太多的优势,并且在面对翻牌时也不太好打。在这一点上建立底池并不是一个好的结果,所以你想选择跟注。
Hand Example 25
You are in the Cutoff with (Diagram 37). 您在截止处与 (图 37)一起。
In this scenario, you have bottom pair, a non-nut wrap, a weak flush draw and a backdoor flush draw. This type of hand is generally quite awkward to play when you are betting. 在这种情况下,您有底对、非最佳包抄、弱的同花顺牌和后门同花牌。当您下注时,这种手牌通常相当尴尬。 This hand doesn't have many nutted runouts and at a high SPR, that will put you in many difficult bluff-catching situations on the river. That said, you do have a lot of equity against most holdings. 这手牌并没有很多坚果套牌,并且在高 SPR 的情况下,这将让你在河牌上面陷入很多困难的虚张声势的局面。也就是说,你对大多数手牌都有很高的权益。 You can check, planning to check-raise, to gain fold equity or lower the SPR so that your turn and river decisions become easier. You also gain coverage by hitting low cards after check-raising. 您可以检查,计划检查加注,以获得弃牌权或降低 SPR,使您的转牌和河牌决策变得更容易。您还可以通过检查加注后打出低牌来增加覆盖范围。
Diagram 37 图表 37
Hand Example 26
You are in the Cutoff with (Diagram 38). 您在截止处与 (图 38)一起。
Diagram 38 图表 38
This is an interesting hand because you are holding the Queen-high flush draw, an open-ended straight draw and a backdoor flush draw. This hand has a lot of playability but currently has no showdown value. 这是一个有趣的手牌,因为你手中有皇后高同花顺的牌型、开放式顺子的牌型和后门同花的牌型。这手牌有很多可玩性,但目前没有摊牌价值。 Because of the high playability, this hand can call a flop raise but it's not strong enough to checkraise because it doesn't do as well when up against a hand such as top set or 由于可玩性高,这手牌可以叫牌,但不够强大,无法进行加注,因为当面对顶级牌组时表现不佳
the nut flush draw. The hand is strong enough to c-bet and try to take down the pot but not strong enough to check-raise and risk running into the top of your opponent's range. 坚果同花顺。这手牌足够强大,可以进行 c-bet 并尝试拿下底池,但不足够强大以至于进行检查加注并冒险遇到对手手牌范围的顶部。
As you can see, these hands are quite different but the main questions to ask are always: 正如您所看到的,这些手是非常不同的,但要问的主要问题总是:
Is your hand strong enough to go for the check-raise? 你的手够强大吗,可以选择加注吗?
How much playability do you have when you bet? 你下注时有多少可玩性?
Do you have a lot of playability on the turn? 你在转弯时有很多可玩性吗?
Aces with the Aゅ (NFD Blocker) on Ka-6 -51
Hands in this category have the nut flush draw (NFD) blocker as well as showdown value in the form of pocket Aces. 在这个类别中的手牌具有坚果同花顺抽牌(NFD)阻挡器,以及口袋 A 的摊牌价值。
The two most relevant questions for this situation are: 这种情况最相关的两个问题是:
Is your hand strong enough to check-call? 你的手够强大吗,可以 check-call 吗?
Should you bet? 你应该下注吗?
How many blockers do you have?
For the most part, you can check-call with hands in this strength bucket. You have showdown value, you beat straight draws and you beat some top pair hands. 在大多数情况下,您可以用这个强度范围内的手进行查跟注。您有摊牌价值,可以击败顺子牌和一些顶对手牌。 You also have a powerful future nut flush blocker that will help you win the pot in case a spade rolls off and you decide to turn your hand into a bluff. 您还拥有一个强大的未来同花顺阻挡器,可以帮助您赢得底池,如果出现黑桃并且您决定把手牌变成一个虚张声势。
Hand Example 27
You are in the Cutoff with A (Diagram 39). 您在截止处与 A (图 39)中。
This hand is not strong enough to get all the money in against a hand such as top set. There are however a lot of hands that your opponent will use to call that you are dominating. 这手牌不够强大,无法将所有筹码押入与顶级三条这样的手牌对抗。然而,对手会用很多手牌跟注,你却处于支配地位。 Hands such as straight draws, flush draws and K-x are all hands that your opponent will usually call with that you have good equity against. You can often win against these hands by either holding the best hand at showdown or by utilizing your nut flush draw blocker. 像直接抽牌、同花抽牌和 K-x 这样的手牌通常是对手会跟注的手牌,你对这些手牌有很好的赢率。你通常可以通过在摊牌时持有最佳手牌或利用你的最大同花抽牌阻挡器来击败这些手牌。 This hand is not strong enough to check-raise because you aren't blocking a King, meaning that if you get all the money in we are often up against top set and will be far behind in equity. 这手牌不够强大,无法进行加注对手的动作,因为你没有阻挡到国王,这意味着如果你把所有的钱都下注,我们往往会面对顶级牌组合,并且在资产上会远远落后。 However, your hand is good enough here, specifically with the backdoor flush draw, to go for a bet and build a pot. 然而,在这里你的手牌足够强大,尤其是有后门同花顺的情况下,可以下注并建立一个底池。
Diagram 39 图表 39
Hand Example 28
You are in the Cutoff with A -A (Diagram 40). 您在截止处与 A -A (图 40)一起。
Diagram 40 图表 40
With this hand you are not holding any relevant blockers and you don't have a strong made hand, so check-raising isn't a good option. 用这只手,你没有持有任何相关的阻挡牌,也没有强大的牌型,所以不适合选择加注。 Betting is also not too profitable because you don't want to get raised and then lose your backdoor flush draw equity, your two outs to a set and the potential to bluff your opponent if a spade arrives. Therefore you are just going to check-call. 下注也不是太有利,因为你不想被加注然后失去你的后门同花顺牌权益,你对一个牌组的两张牌和如果一张黑桃牌出现时欺骗对手的潜力。因此,你只会选择跟注。
Conclusion 结论
Once again, here is an overview of your c-bet frequency OOP on four different boards (Diagram 41). 再次,这是您在四个不同牌局上的 c-bet 频率概述(图表 41)。
Flop 翻转
C-bet Frequency OOP C-bet 频率 OOP
K-6-5
Diagram 41 图表 41
It is important to realize that correct play is all about asking the right questions and not necessarily about remembering how to play all individual combinations. 重要的是要意识到,正确的打法完全取决于提出正确的问题,而不一定是记住如何打出所有的个别组合。 It's more about understanding whether certain types of hands, based on the structure and based on the removal effect, are most likely to lean towards c-betting, check-calling, or checkraising. 这更多地是关于理解基于手牌结构和去除效果的某些类型的手牌,最有可能倾向于 c-bet、check-call 或 check-raise。
It's about learning the principles that drive those actions because those are universally markers across many different board textures. 这是关于学习推动这些行动的原则,因为这些原则是许多不同棋盘纹理中普遍存在的标志。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
The OOP player is supposed to bet very infrequently due to: OOP 玩家应该很少下注,原因是:
Positional disadvantage. 位置劣势。
A high SPR incentivizes you to be more cautious OOP. 高 SPR 激励您更加谨慎地 OOP。
The equities and the polarity run very close. 股权和极性之间的关系非常密切。
Playing OOP, you use the same standard bet sizes as IP. These bet sizings are mainly driven by the board structure. The wetter and more 在玩 OOP 时,您使用与 IP 相同的标准下注尺寸。这些下注尺寸主要受到牌桌结构的驱动。湿度越高,愈多。
dynamic the board, the bigger the bet-sizing you use. 动态板块越大,您使用的赌注大小就越大。
When considering what action to take, think about the following: 在考虑采取什么行动时,请考虑以下内容:
How likely are you to face a bet from the IP player? 您有多大可能面对来自 IP 玩家的赌注?
How much playability does your hand have? 你的手有多少可玩性?
What blockers are you holding? 你手里拿着什么阻碍物?
Single-raised Pots IP Turn Strategy
Introduction 介绍
In this section, we will be discussing turn strategy playing IP in single-raised pots after c-betting the flop and getting called. This means we are going to consider when to double barrel and when to check back. 在这一部分,我们将讨论在单次加注后继续下注并被跟注后的转牌策略。这意味着我们将考虑何时进行二次加注以及何时选择让牌。
The first principle to understand is that your preflop and flop ranges heavily influence your turn ranges. 要理解的第一个原则是,你的起手牌和翻牌范围会极大地影响你的转牌范围。 If your flop range composition is suboptimal, then you will inevitably encounter problems when trying to maintain the right balance of value-bets and bluffs on the turn and river. For that reason, it is essential to first master your preflop ranges. 如果你的翻牌范围组合不够理想,那么在尝试在转牌和河牌上保持价值下注和虚张声势的正确平衡时,你将不可避免地遇到问题。因此,首先掌握你的起手范围是至关重要的。 Next you should be working on your flop ranges. 接下来,您应该着手处理您的失败范围。 Make sure you understand the principles that apply on the flop and know why you want to include certain hands into your betting or checking range because, at the end of the day, that is going to influence your entire game plan dramatically. 确保你理解在翻牌阶段适用的原则,并知道为什么要将某些牌型纳入你的下注或让牌范围,因为最终,这将极大地影响你整个游戏计划。
So, having dealt with preflop and flop strategy, we are now ready to discuss turn strategy. In this chapter, we will first consider some general principles for how to construct a balanced turn strategy and then will dissect different turn transitions. 因此,处理了翻牌前和翻牌策略后,我们现在准备讨论转牌策略。在本章中,我们将首先考虑一些构建平衡转牌策略的一般原则,然后将剖析不同的转牌过渡。 This will help develop an intuitive feeling for what kind of hands fit best into what type of range. 这将有助于培养对什么类型的手最适合进入什么类型的范围有直观感觉。
Please note that all the hands in this section will consider play from a Button versus Big Blind situation. 请注意,本节中所有的手牌都将考虑从庄家对大盲注的情况下进行游戏。
Turn Transitions 转场效果
We are going to discuss the previously used flop and consider possible transitions on the turn. First, we need to define four different types of turn transitions that can take place because different turns require a different strategy when it comes to both your bet frequency and bet-sizing. 我们将讨论先前使用的 翻牌,并考虑在转牌时可能发生的过渡。首先,我们需要定义四种不同类型的转牌过渡,因为不同的转牌需要在下注频率和下注大小方面采取不同的策略。
A flush card. A third suited card is dealt, making a flush possible.
Heavy blanks. This means Broadway cards. 重型空白。这意味着百老汇卡片。
Straight completing cards. In the example above (K-6-5) this would be a or a 9 . 直接完成卡片。在上面的例子中(K-6-5),这将是一个 或 9。
Pairing cards. In this case a , or 5 . 配对卡片。在这种情况下是一个 ,或 5。
The average c-bet frequency for all possible turns after the flop is about . That might be surprising because many players favor a bet-bet strategy. This means that they are double barreling with a very high frequency once they do go ahead and c-bet the flop. 所有可能的转牌后, 翻牌的平均 c-bet 频率约为 。这可能令人惊讶,因为许多玩家更喜欢下注-下注策略。这意味着一旦他们继续下注翻牌,他们会以非常高的频率进行双倍下注。 The issue with that strategy is that when you do check back on the turn, you are going to end up folding a lot of rivers because there aren't many hands in your turn checking range that are willing to bluff-catch on the river. 这种策略的问题在于,当你在转牌时选择让步时,你最终会在河牌时频繁放弃,因为在你的转牌让步范围中没有太多手牌愿意在河牌时进行虚张声势。 Most players play too defensively and they are going to favor double-barreling for thin value on the turn more than checking back on the turn in order to call the river. 大多数玩家过于保守,他们更倾向于在转牌时进行双重加注以获取薄值,而不是在转牌时选择回撤以在河牌时跟注。 That approach can lead to some obvious problems, the main one being that a lot of players arrive on the river in a massive pot with far too many weak hands with which they can't call river bets. 这种方法可能会导致一些明显的问题,主要问题是很多玩家在河牌阶段进入一个庞大的底池,手中有太多弱牌,无法跟注河牌的赌注。
Bet-sizing 下注大小
Betting the flop does not always mean that you are polarized. The bet can imply a wide range of hands, including a few bluffs, some value hands and even some medium-strength hands. 下注翻牌并不总是意味着你被极化了。下注可能暗示着一系列手牌,包括一些虚张声势的牌、一些有价值的牌,甚至一些中等强度的牌。 However, on the turn, things change mainly because a lot of draws now have less equity as there is only one card left to peel. Furthermore, your opponent has already demonstrated that they have a hand that has some value. 然而,在转牌时,情况发生了变化,主要是因为现在很多牌已经没有那么大的价值了,因为只剩下一张牌可以翻开。此外,你的对手已经表明他们手中有一些有价值的牌。 At the same time, your opponent didn't raise on the flop, meaning they are representing a capped range of value hands. 与此同时,您的对手在翻牌圈没有加注,这意味着他们代表着有限价值手牌范围。
If you double-barrel by betting the turn, you are representing a hand that can beat this capped range and that means that you start using larger sizings, so you will often pot the turn. Potting or betting half-pot is much more feasible than betting something like of the pot. The -pot bet is not going to do much for you on the turn. You might use half-pot because the board is quite static but, in general, a lot of turn strategies should include potsize bets. 如果你在转牌时进行双重下注,那么你代表的是一手可以击败这个封顶范围的牌型,这意味着你开始使用更大的赌注,因此你经常会下注到底池。下注到底池或下注一半底池比下注底池的一部分要容易得多。在转牌时,下注一半底池可能比下注底池的一部分更可行。下注一半底池在转牌时不会为你带来太多好处。你可能会选择下注一半底池,因为牌桌局势相对稳定,但总的来说,很多转牌策略应该包括下注到底池的赌注。
By betting you are saying to your opponent, "You have something because you called the flop but I am even stronger, and I am so strong that I am going to bet pot." That is the point of a polarized strategy against capped ranges. 通过下注,你在告诉对手,“你有一些东西,因为你跟注了翻牌,但我更强大,我如此强大以至于我要下注全筹码。” 这就是对抗封顶范围的极化策略的要点。 A 75%-pot sized bet doesn't polarize your range as much as using the full pot sizing, so it should seldom be used. 75%底池大小的赌注并不能像使用全池大小那样极化您的范围,因此很少会被使用。
Note that in the following examples we are assuming a 75%-pot bet on the flop (5.6bb) that has been called. 请注意,在以下示例中,我们假设在翻牌圈时下注了 75%的底池(5.6bb),并且有人跟注。
Turn Strategy on a Heavy Blank 在沉重的毯子上打开策略
Let's say that the turn is A , a heavy blank. The board now is (K )A&. 让我们假设轮到 A,一个重的空白。现在的牌面是 (K )A&。
This turn card is favorable for you as the IP player because you will often still have the best hand when you had a strong hand on the flop, for example two pairs or a set. 这张转牌对你有利,因为作为 IP 玩家,当你在翻牌圈有强牌时,比如两对或三条,你通常仍然会有最好的牌。 You can also turn some powerful hands that your opponent doesn't have as much of on this turn card - for example, the nut flush draw, A-K, or A-A. 您还可以在这张转牌上打出一些您对手没有的强大牌型,比如最大同花顺牌型、A-K 或 A-A。 Your opponent is often either 3-betting those hands preflop or check-raising the flop with some of those combinations, making it unlikely that those hands are still in their range on the turn. 你的对手通常要么在翻牌前 3-bet 这些手牌,要么在翻牌时用其中一些组合进行加注,这使得这些手牌在转牌时不太可能仍在他们的范围内。
Now we are going to examine some strength buckets that are not the most straightforward holdings to play. For example, sets on this board are very straightforward; you should always be betting. You can play around with the sizing, but the bet frequency isn't too interesting. 现在我们将检查一些不太直接的持仓强度桶。例如,这个牌局上的牌组非常直接;你应该总是下注。你可以尝试不同的下注额,但下注频率并不太有趣。 This is not the case with more nuanced holdings. 这并不适用于更加微妙的持有。
Top Pair Without a Flush Draw 顶对没有同花顺牌
A more complex strength bucket is top pair without a flush draw. Apart from the sets, this is the strength bucket with which you will double-barrel the most frequently, even though you only have one pair. 一个更复杂的强度范围是顶对子没有同花顺。除了三条以外,这是你最经常会进行双倍下注的强度范围,即使你只有一对。
When you consider your flop strategy, it is reasonable to assume that you are holding a top pair that has some additional blocker or equity. Otherwise, you would not have bet the flop. 当您考虑您的翻牌策略时,合理地假设您手中有一个顶对,带有一些额外的阻挡器或权益。否则,您不会下注翻牌。
Hand Example 29
because of the open-ended straight draw, backdoor flush draw and, most importantly, the A (Diagram 42). 由于直接开放式直接抽牌、后门同花顺抽牌,最重要的是 A(图 42)。
Now you are going to use this hand to double barrel on the turn. That might seem a little counterintuitive, but you are going to use a somewhat merged strategy. 现在你要用这只手在转弯时进行双筒炮。这可能看起来有点违反直觉,但你要使用一种略微融合的策略。 This is because you have good blockers that have additional equity which can potentially make your opponent fold a hand such as a spade combination and encourage them to call with a combination that is weaker and behind. 这是因为您有良好的阻挡器,具有额外的资产,可能会让您的对手放弃一手诸如黑桃组合的牌,并鼓励他们用更弱且落后的组合来跟注。 When you are holding this specific hand, you are very infrequently going to get raised on the turn as you block A-K and also the nut flush draw with top pair. 当你拿着这张特定的牌时,在转牌时很少会被加注,因为你挡住了 A-K,并且有顶对的最大同花顺牌。
Diagram 42 图表 42
Hand Example 30
Another example is A -2 (Diagram 43). 另一个例子是 A -2(图 43)。
Diagram 43 图表 43
Here you bet because you are benefiting when your opponent folds hands such as weak flush draws or pairs with some outs. You are also protecting yourself from getting bluffed on the river. Notice that A doesn't have a great gameplan when you check back the turn and subsequently face a river stab. This hand isn't suitable to bluff-catch on any rivers and, therefore, you are better off with the double barrel. 在这里下注是因为当你的对手弃牌时,你会受益,比如弱劣的同花顺或带有一些外包的对子。你也在保护自己免受在河牌上被吹牌的风险。请注意,当你在转牌时选择了让步,然后面对河牌的下注时,A 没有一个很好的游戏计划。这手牌不适合在任何河牌上做虚张声势,因此最好是进行双倍下注。 A-x-x-x is one of your best double barreling hands because you are blocking your opponent's turn check-raising range. So A will be used as a double-barrel, and you will also have some potential to make a triple barrel bluff with the straight blockers. A-x-x-x 是你最好的双倍加注手牌之一,因为你挡住了对手的转牌加注范围。因此,A 将被用作双倍加注,你还有一些潜力用顺子挡牌进行三倍加注的虚张声势。
Hand Example 31
Finally, A is also a hand with which you should choose to bet the flop as it has very little EV after a flop check (Diagram 44). 最后,A 也是一个你应该选择在翻牌时下注的手,因为在翻牌后检查后,它的预期价值非常低(图表 44)。
Diagram 44 图表 44
On the turn, you have a pretty good blocker and, again, this hand doesn't have a great gameplan after checking back on the turn because you are not going to be able to bluff-catch on many rivers. 在转牌时,您有一个相当不错的阻挡牌,再次强调,这手牌在转牌后退还不会有一个很好的游戏计划,因为您不太可能在很多河牌上进行虚张声势。 Therefore, you are going to double-barrel and try to make your opponent fold their equity and also avoid their potential river bluffs that most likely will be successful because you can't hero call much on the river. 因此,您将采取双管齐下的策略,试图让对手放弃他们的资产,并避免他们可能成功的河流虚张声势,因为您在河流上不能频繁进行英雄召唤。
Two Pair With a Flush Draw 两对带同花顺势
In this bucket, you hold many strong hands but you don't want to bet all those hands for two reasons. Firstly, you might get check-raised and that would be uncomfortable because you are usually going to be far behind in terms of "made hand value", but you also have a flush draw. 在这个牌桶中,你拿着很多强牌,但你不想把所有这些牌都下注有两个原因。首先,你可能会被加注,这会让你感到不舒服,因为通常你在“已成牌价值”方面会远远落后,但你也有一个同花顺。 In general, you don't have much equity with a flush draw if you run into, for example, a set that goes for a (delayed) turn check-raise or a hand such as A-K. 通常情况下,如果你遇到一个同花顺牌,你的资产并不多,比如遇到一个(延迟)转牌加注的三条或者像 A-K 这样的手牌。 Secondly, you also have a hand that is unlikely to make your opponent fold because you are already blocking flush draws and, therefore, it's more likely that your opponent is holding a good bluff-catcher. 其次,您还有一只手,不太可能让对手弃牌,因为您已经阻止了同花顺的抽牌,因此,更有可能是对手拿着一个很好的虚张牌捕手。
Hand Example 32
The hand has a ton of fold equity on the turn when you think about the hands with which your opponent might continue (Diagram 45). 手牌 在转牌时有很多折叠权益,当你考虑对手可能继续的手牌时(图表 45)。
Diagram 45 图表 45
There are just not many of them that are weaker at this point and he is going to be folding a lot of pair and flush draw type hands. So this is an excellent candidate to check back and not inflate the pot in case you are behind or face a check-raise. 在这一点上,他们中间只有很少的人比较弱,他将会放弃很多对子和同花顺的手牌。因此,这是一个很好的选择来回看,不要在你落后或面对加注时增加底池。 You can easily bluff-catch a ton of rivers with and, therefore, you should place this hand into your "check 您可以轻松地用 bluff-catch 很多河牌,因此,您应该将这手牌放入您的“检查”
back turn, call the river" range. Of course, you are not going to call every single river, but you will be calling often. 背转,称为“河流”范围。当然,你不会每次都叫河流,但你会经常叫。
Top Pair With or Without a Flush Draw 顶对带或不带同花顺
If you are holding a hand such as bottom two pair and a flush draw or K-5 with a weak flush draw on the K-6-5-A board, you should intuitively understand that a lot of your hands will be suitable for a check back turn, call the river line, instead of going for a pot-size turn bet. 如果你手中有底部两对和一个同花顺的牌型,或者是 K-5 并且在 K-6-5-A 牌面上有一个较弱的同花顺牌型,你应该直觉地理解到很多你的手牌适合选择检视转牌,跟注河牌,而不是选择下注底池大小。
Let's consider some examples: 让我们考虑一些例子:
Hand Example 33
You are on the Button with As-8-84 (Diagram 46). 您在按钮上与 As-8-84(图 46)一致。
Diagram 46 图表 46
This is a hand that is not pushing that much equity by double barreling the turn. You are blocking the draws that are behind, so your opponent is often going to be holding a better made hand. You could also sometimes face a check-raise on the turn from K-K, or A-K. 这是一只手,在转牌时没有通过双倍加注来推动那么多资产。你挡住了后面的牌,所以你的对手通常会持有更好的牌。有时你也可能在转牌时面临来自 K-K 或 A-K 的抽牌加注。 However, you are holding a good hand to take a free card and see how things develop on the river. 然而,您手中有一张好牌,可以选择免费看一张牌,看看河牌的发展情况。
You are on the Button with A -J -J - (Diagram 47). 您在按钮上与 A-J-J-(图 47)一致。
This hand was betting the flop because with three spades there is not as much EV to be gained by checking back and this hand also has low realizability in terms of bluff-catching. On the turn, you are not going to double-barrel. 这只手在下注翻牌是因为有三张黑桃,通过回看下注并不能获得太多的预期价值,而且这只手在捉弄对手方面的实现性也较低。在转牌时,你不会进行双重加注。 You are not blocking as many of the hands that are still ahead of you and you can bluff catch some of the rivers very efficiently. 你没有阻挡住你前面仍然有很多手牌,并且你可以非常有效地虚张声势抓住一些河牌。
Diagram 47 图表 47
Hand Example 35
You are on the Button with -6 (Diagram 48). 您在按钮上 -6(图 48)。
Diagram 48 图表 48
You are holding a naked two pair that has some good potential on the flop with the backdoor flush draw. However, on the Aou should check back and bluff-catch on certain river cards. 你手里拿着一副裸对,在翻牌时有一些潜力,有后门同花顺的可能。然而,在转牌时应该退一步,对某些河牌进行虚张声势。
Exploitative Tip
When you are up against a very passive player, feel free to double-barrel some of these hands. You could also choose a less polarized game plan and go for a smaller sizing. 当你面对一个非常被动的玩家时,可以随意双重加注其中一些手牌。你也可以选择一个较少极端的游戏计划,并选择较小的下注尺寸。 This encourages your passive, "callingstation" type opponents to call a small bet instead of you going for the bluff-catch option. Much of the value that comes from checking back these types of hands is generated by your opponent taking a stab on the river. 这鼓励你那些被动的“跟注者”类型的对手跟注一个小赌注,而不是你选择虚张声势的方式。检查这些手牌的价值很大程度上来自于对手在河牌时进行一次尝试。 Not all your opponents will be bluffing the river aggressively and, if that is the case, you are sometimes better off double barreling with some of these hands. It probably makes sense to simplify your strategy by only betting -pot with a more merged type of range when facing passive opponents. 并非所有对手都会在河牌时激进地虚张声势,如果是这种情况,有时候最好用一些手牌进行双倍下注。当面对被动的对手时,只用一种更融合的手牌范围下注可能更明智。
Draws Without Showdown Value
This bucket includes a lot of weak hands, for example, open-ended straight draws without showdown value and any flush draws. Most of those hands are 这个桶包括很多弱手,例如,没有摊牌价值的未完成的顺子和任何同花顺。这些手中大部分是
going to check. But we are also going to bet some of the hands, and we want to think about future blockers. We want to think about how valuable turn cards are, or if we can call a check-raise. 去检查。但我们也打算下注一些手牌,并且我们想考虑未来的阻挡牌。我们要考虑转牌有多有价值,或者我们是否可以跟注一个加注。
The same story holds true for flush draws with no showdown value. Generally, when you have decent equity as well as nutted outs, you don't want to bet when you can't call a check-raise. Otherwise, you are guaranteed to be leaving equity on the table. 对于没有摊牌价值的同花顺,同样的情况也适用。通常情况下,当你有相当的股权以及最佳的外包时,当你无法跟注一个加注时,你不想下注。否则,你肯定会让股权留在桌子上。 Finally we have gutters and air. Here you can be a little more aggressive with certain hands because you don't lose much by folding after getting check-raised as you are not folding much equity. 最后我们有沟槽和空气。在这里,您可以对某些手牌更加积极,因为在被加注后弃牌时,您不会因为弃牌而损失太多资产。
Hand Example 36
An example of a hand that you can use to double-barrel is (Diagram 49). This is a prime example because you have a pair blocker which is going to minimize the times that you will be called or check-raised on the turn, for example by 6-6. 你可以用来双重加注的手的一个例子是 (图表 49)。这是一个很好的例子,因为你有一对阻挡牌,这将减少对你在转牌时被跟注或加注的次数,例如 6-6。 You also have nutted outs and even a hand that can potentially call a check-raise because you still have a wrap. At the same time, you have very little showdown value. If you can make a hand such as fold on the turn or even on the river then you benefit greatly. 您还有坚果牌和甚至可以潜在地跟注加注的手牌,因为您仍然有包牌。同时,您的摊牌价值很低。如果您能让 这样的手牌在转牌甚至河牌时弃牌,那么您将受益匪浅。
Diagram 49 图表 49
Hand Example 37
Another example is (Diagram 50). 另一个例子是 (图 50)。
This is a hand with very little showdown value that can call a check-raise on the turn. So here, you are not going to let your opponent push you off a lot of equity, even if they do go for the check-raise. 这是一只手,其摊牌价值很低,可以在转牌时跟注对手的加注。所以在这里,即使对手选择了加注,你也不会让对手轻易剥夺你的很多权益。 Usually, with these types of combo draws, what is quite essential is to have a pair blocker. Having such a blocker decreases the chance that your opponent is holding two pair or a set. Therefore, your fold equity is increased and the chance of getting raised is decreased. 通常,对于这些类型的组合抽牌来说,非常重要的是要有一对阻挡牌。拥有这样的阻挡牌会降低对手持有两对或三条的几率。因此,你的弃牌权益增加了,被加注的几率减少了。
Hand Example 38
Finally, let's consider the hand (Diagram 51). 最后,让我们考虑手 (图 51)。
Diagram 51 图表 51
You have a pair blocker, a gutshot and also a pretty reasonable hand to bluff some of the rivers that we brick. This is because we have absolutely no spades, meaning our opponent could easily be holding a flush draw that we can get to fold. 你有一对阻挡牌,一个中间顺子牌,也有一个相当不错的手牌,可以在我们没有命中的河牌上进行一些虚张声势。这是因为我们绝对没有黑桃牌,这意味着我们的对手很可能拿着一个同花顺牌,我们可以让其弃牌。 On the other hand, there might be some valuable rivers where you can check back, you can hit trips, you can hit two pair or a straight. In that case, you are going to bet, unless the card in question is a spade. This is also a decent candidate to go for a double barrel. 另一方面,可能有一些有价值的河流,您可以回头检查,可以打出三张,可以打出两对或顺子。在这种情况下,您将下注,除非问题牌是黑桃。这也是一个不错的选择进行二次加注。
Turn Strategy on Ka-6 -5 -
Introduction 介绍
Now we are going to consider another turn card, the 9 . This card introduces a possible straight with 7-8. Although the straight is now possible, a lot of straight draws are still out there and now new straight draws (Q-10, J-10, QJ) have been introduced. 现在我们要考虑另一张转牌,即 9。这张牌引入了一个可能的顺子,即 7-8。尽管现在可能有顺子,但仍然有很多顺子牌,而且现在还引入了新的顺子牌(Q-10,J-10,QJ)。 A lot of combo draws still have equity against the current nuts. 许多连续抽牌仍然对当前的最佳牌有股权。
With a straight on the board, you should try to get maximum value from all the draws that your opponent could be holding. Therefore you should bet, preferably using a pot-size. With a set, you are betting much more selectively. 在牌桌上直接对决时,您应该尽量从对手可能持有的所有牌中获得最大价值。因此,您应该下注,最好使用底池大小。有一套牌时,您应该更加谨慎地下注。 You are trying to reduce the chance of getting check-raised by 您正在尝试减少被对方加注的机会
holding straight blockers or being able to make calls that are more profitable when check-raised because you hold an additional flush draw or straight draw. If you have a bare set without any backup you are usually going to check. 持有直接阻挡者或能够在被加注时做出更有利可图的决定,因为你还持有额外的同花顺或顺子牌。如果你只有一个裸露的三条,没有任何后备,通常会选择让牌。 This is in an attempt to pot control because you don't have many great rivers to value bet and, of course, you don't want to get check-raised. 这是为了控制底池而采取的举措,因为你没有太多好河牌可以下注,当然,你也不想被对方加注。
Two pair here is going to be a bluff-catcher and you will check it back, trying to get to showdown. The same holds true for your top pairs and overpairs. 这里的两对牌将成为一个虚张声势的牌,你会选择让牌,试图走到摊牌。对于你的顶对和大对同样适用。 The only times you are betting those hands is when you have significant additional equity in the form of a straight draw with a flush draw. 你下注那些手牌的唯一时机是当你有直接抓牌和同花抓牌的显著额外资产时。
When you have a flush draw without showdown value, you are trying to bet hands that don't have to bet-fold. So you are looking to add some straight draws into the mix to then be able to call when you get check-raised. 当你有一个没有摊牌价值的同花顺牌,你试图下注那些不必下注弃牌的手牌。因此,你要加入一些顺子牌来增加可能性,这样当你被对手加注时就能够跟注。 When you have just a flush draw, you have some outs but not enough to call a check-raise, so you are usually better off taking the free card. 当你只有一个同花顺的时候,你有一些外包但不足以跟注,所以通常最好是选择免费的牌。
When you have a bare straight draw without a flush draw or a significant pair, you are selectively betting. You should think a lot about immediate blockers and future blockers so that you have a profitable double-barrel turn and can then also bet the river. 当您拥有一个没有同花顺或重要对子的赤裸直接牌型时,您应该有选择性地下注。您应该仔细考虑即时的阻挡牌和未来的阻挡牌,这样您就可以有一个有利可图的双倍转牌,并且之后也可以下注河牌。
Finally, let's consider hands with bare straight blockers, such as 7-7 and 88. Without showdown value or additional draws, these hands are betting at almost a frequency, using a pot-sizing to maximize fold equity. Having established this overview, we will now consider the first strength-bucket of interest, which will be the sets. 最后,让我们考虑没有摊牌价值或额外牌的裸直阻挡牌,比如 7-7 和 88。这些手牌几乎以 频率下注,使用底池大小来最大化弃牌权益。在建立了这个概述之后,我们现在将考虑第一个感兴趣的强度桶,即三条。
Sets 集合
Sets are not double-barreling at 100% frequency on this straight-completing turn card. You are supposed to check about , c-bet -pot with about of hands, and c-bet pot with about . We are now going to consider some examples of sets that are not going to double-barrel but are checking back. 在这张直接完成的转牌上,套牌不会以 100%的频率进行双筒炮轰。你应该检查 ,用大约 手牌进行 c-bet -pot,用大约 手牌进行 c-bet pot。现在我们将考虑一些不会进行双筒炮轰但会回头检查的套牌示例。
Hand Example 39
You are on the Button with (Diagram 52). 您在按钮上 (图表 52)。
Diagram 52 图表 52
This hand is not blocking the possible straight because you are not holding the 7 or 8 , and you are blocking your own outs by holding a 9 , decreasing the chance that you improve on the river. 这只手不会挡住可能的顺子,因为你没有拿着 7 或 8,而且你通过拿着 9 来挡住了自己的外部,降低了你在河牌上改善的机会。 You also hold no spades, so there are not going to be too many great rivers you can value bet anyway. Therefore you are better off keeping the pot small and using your hand as a bluffcatcher on many river cards. 你也没有黑桃,所以你不会有太多值得下注的好牌河流。因此,最好保持底池小,利用你的手牌作为许多河牌的虚张声势。
Hand Example 40
You are on the Button with 6-6-4-4 (Diagram 53). 您在按钮上使用 6-6-4-4(图表 53)。
Here, you are holding a low set that has no additional equity or relevant (straight) blockers. Therefore you are better off checking back. You might also occasionally run into a hand that decided to go for a delayed turn check-raise. If you bet on this turn and get check-raised you are usually in a horrible spot against top set, a straight or, in the best-case scenario, you are up against solid combo draws. 在这里,你手中拿着一个低牌组,没有额外的资产或相关(顺子)阻挡牌。因此最好选择回合过牌。你也可能偶尔会遇到一个 手牌,决定延迟转牌后加注。如果你在这个转牌上下注并被加注,通常会处于非常糟糕的境地,面对顶级牌组、顺子,或者在最好的情况下,你会面对强大的组合抓牌。
Diagram 53 图表 53
Hand Example 41
You are on the Button with A - (Diagram 54). 您在按钮上与 A - (图表 54)相符。
Diagram 54 图表 54
You are holding a bottom set that didn't improve on the turn. In fact, your equity diminished. You have no additional straight draw, flush draw, and no blockers. Therefore, you should check back and pot control. 你手中拿着一副在转牌时没有改善的底牌。事实上,你的股权减少了。你没有额外的顺子牌,同花牌,也没有阻挡牌。因此,你应该选择回合并控制底池。
Two Pair/Top pair or Overpair 两对/顶对或高对
These hands are betting very selectively, and only when they have additional equity and can call a check-raise. Some examples: 这些手非常有选择性地下注,只有在它们有额外的资产并且可以跟注加注时才会下注。一些例子:
Hand Example 42
You are on the Button with -Q -J-6 (Diagram 55). 您在按钮上与 -Q -J-6(图 55)相符。
Diagram 55 图表 55
You have two pair, a gutshot and a flush draw. This is a powerful hand that can naturally continue as a double-barrel to build a pot. 你有两对,一个 gutshot 和一个 flush draw。这是一个强大的手牌,可以自然地继续进行双倍下注来建立底池。
Hand Example 43
You are on the Button with 9-7-6 (Diagram 56). 您在按钮上与 9-7-6(图 56)一致。
You have two pair, a gutshot, a flush draw and a straight blocker. This hand can continue against a raise and, because of card removal, this hand minimizes the chances of getting raised in the first place. 你有两对,一个 gutshot,一个同花顺和一个顺子阻挡器。这手牌可以继续对抗加注,由于牌的移除,这手牌最大程度地减少了一开始被加注的机会。
Diagram 56 图表 56
Hand Example 44
You are on the Button with -6 (Diagram 57). 您在按钮上与 -6(图 57)相符。
Diagram 57 图表 57
Here you turned two pair and are also holding a six, giving you more full house outs. You also don't have a spade in your hand which makes it more likely that you should bet to charge flush draws. 这里你有两对,并且还有一个六,这样给了你更多的葫芦牌。你手里也没有黑桃,这样更有可能应该下注来收取同花顺。 Out of these three hands, this is the only hand that cannot call a check-raise on the turn but is still willing to bet. 在这三手中,这是唯一一手在转牌时不能跟注加注,但仍愿意下注。
Flush Draw With No Showdown Value and Bare Straight Draw 没有摊牌价值的同花顺和单纯的顺子牌
Here you want to be very selective again. Can you call a check-raise? Do you have some favorable rivers? Or are you sacrificing equity by risking the check-raise and then having to give up? 在这里,你又要非常慎重了。你能进行加注吗?你有一些有利的河牌吗?还是你在冒着加注的风险,然后不得不放弃权益?
Hand Example 45
You are on the Button with (Diagram 58). 您在按钮上与 (图表 58)相符。
Diagram 58 图表 58
This hand is going to double-barrel because you can easily call a checkraise. You have an inside straight draw and a flush draw. Although you don't have a lot of showdown value right now, you can certainly build a pot to get paid in case you hit. 这手牌打算进行双重加注,因为你可以轻松跟注加注。你有一个顺子内部抽牌和一个同花抽牌。虽然你现在没有太多的摊牌价值,但你肯定可以建立一个底池,以便在命中时得到付款。 By betting, you can also make some marginal two-pair hands fold and even get some weaker hands to continue, such as a nut flush draw. 通过下注,您还可以让一些边缘的两对手弃牌,甚至让一些较弱的手继续下去,比如一个最大同花顺的牌型。
Hand Example 46
You are on the Button with A (Diagram 59). 您在按钮上与 A (图表 59)一致。
This hand has no showdown value but you can double-barrel because you have nutted outs heading to the river. This is a combination that is not willing to call a check-raise but still has numerous nutted outs against the calling range. 这只手没有摊牌价值,但你可以进行双重加注,因为你有前往河牌的最佳外包。这是一种组合,不愿意跟注加注,但仍然有很多最佳外包可以对付跟注范围。
Diagram 59 图表 59
Hand Example 47
You are on the Button with 10-10-7-6- (Diagram 60). 您在按钮上,10-10-7-6-(图表 60)。
Diagram 60 图表 60
With this hand, you bet the flop because you have future blockers, and you are also blocking some strong hands on the flop by holding the 6 and 10 . On the turn, you have a gutshot, a straight blocker and very little showdown value. 用这只手,你下注翻牌是因为你有未来的封堵牌,并且通过持有 6 和 10 在翻牌时也封堵了一些强手。在转牌时,你有一个中境直击牌、一个顺子封堵牌和非常少的摊牌价值。 However, you also have some blockers for the river that you can then triple barrel. So this hand is also going to be a double-barrel on the turn. It cannot call a check-raise but, nevertheless, you are still going for that second barrel. 然而,您还有一些可以三次加注的河流阻挡者。因此,这手牌在转牌时也会进行双加注。它不能跟注加注,但无论如何,您仍然会进行第二次加注。
Recap Training Session
We will now take another look at the flop to recap how you should approach some specific holdings and then we can see how we can successfully combine the strategy between the flop and turn. 我们现在将再次看一下 翻牌,回顾一下你应该如何处理一些特定的手牌,然后我们可以看到如何成功地结合翻牌和转牌之间的策略。
Flop Decisions on Ka-6 -5 Ka-6 -5 上的翻牌决策
Hand Example 48
Diagram 61 图表 61
You have the second nut flush draw, top pair, and a straight draw blocker. Are you going to c-bet this hand IP for pot, or are you going to check back? 你有第二大同花顺的牌型,顶对,以及一张顺子牌型的阻挡牌。你打算在这手牌中 IP 下注 筹码,还是打算选择让牌?
This hand should be c-bet. There is a ton of value to be gained because you can get called by weaker hands such as weaker flush draws, straight draws and weaker pairs. You are willing to build a pot in case you hit two pair, trips, or a flush. 这手牌应该进行续注。因为你可以被更弱的手牌如较弱的同花顺牌、顺子和较弱的对子跟注,所以有很大的价值可以获得。如果你获得两对、三条或同花,你愿意建立一个底池。
Hand Example 49
You are on the Button with A -J (Diagram 62). 您在按钮上与 A-J (图表 62)。
Diagram 62 图表 62
Here you have no showdown value or draw, but you do have the A . What do you do? 在这里,你没有摊牌价值或者牌型,但你有 A。你会怎么做?
With this hand, you are also going to c-bet. If you get check-raised you don't lose any equity by folding. You are willing to build a pot in case you do hit the spade so you can apply pressure and balance your double and triple barrel spade runouts. 用这只手,你也要进行 c-bet。如果你被 check-raised,折叠不会损失任何资产。如果你打出黑桃,你愿意建立一个底池,这样你就可以施加压力,平衡你的双重和三重黑桃出牌。
Hand Example 50
You are on the Button with 10-10-5 (Diagram 63). 您在按钮上,10-10-5(图 63)。
Bottom set. Is this a c-bet or a check? 底牌。这是一个 c-bet 还是一个 check?
Here it is best to check back because this hand is medium strength. Bottom set with absolutely no backup is going to be one of the few sets that you should check back. Usually, when you have a higher set or any significant backup, you are going to c-bet to build a pot. 这里最好回头检查,因为这手牌的实力中等。底牌绝对没有备用的底牌将是你应该回头检查的少数几手牌之一。通常,当你有更高的牌组或任何重要的备用时,你会进行 c-bet 来建立一个底池。
Diagram 63 图表 63
Hand Example 51
You are on the Button with A-A -A (Diagram 64). 您在按钮上与 A-A -A(图表 64)一起。
Diagram 64 图表 64
You have top set but no straight draw. Is this a c-bet or a check? 你有顶部套牌,但没有顺子牌。这是一个 c-bet 还是一个检查?
We are definitely going to bet this hand. Top set is a powerful hand; it can stack middle set, bottom set, or two pair. And therefore, we are betting almost all of our top set hands in position. 我们肯定会下注这手牌。顶部三条是一个强大的牌型;它可以击败中部三条、底部三条或两对。因此,在位置上,我们几乎会下注我们所有的顶部三条手牌。
Turn Decisions on (Ks-6 -5s)-2
The turn card is 2 , making the board (K-6 - -5 , which can be regarded as a light blank. 转牌是 2,使得牌桌变成(K-6-5),可以被视为一个轻度空白。 It introduces a straight but it is still a light blank because the straight is quite unlikely given the preflop ranges along with the fact that the player in the Big Blind "should not be" defending many 4-3 combos. 它介绍了一条直线,但它仍然是一个轻盈的空白,因为直线相当不太可能,考虑到起手范围以及大盲玩家“不应该”防守许多 4-3 组合。 We are now going to look at how some of the earlier discussed hands are playing on this turn. 我们现在要看一下之前讨论过的一些手牌在这一轮中的表现。
Hand Example 52
You are on the Button with -Q-J -9 (Diagram 65). 您按下按钮 -Q-J -9(图 65)。
Diagram 65 图表 65
Are you going to go for a double-barrel or are you going to take a free card? 你打算进行双管还是要拿一张免费牌?
This hand will be a check back. You are not blocking straights and you are not holding a strong value hand so you should be happy to see a free river. 这手牌将会是一个让牌。你没有阻挡顺子,也没有拿着强牌,所以你应该高兴地看到一个免费的河牌。
Hand Example 53
You are on the Button with A - (Diagram 66). After betting the flop and now pairing the what should you do on the turn? 您在按钮上与 A - (图 66)相符。在下注翻牌后,现在配对 ,在转牌时应该怎么做?
Diagram 66 图表 66
Here you don't have much to lose and should c-bet with a full-pot sizing to apply maximum pressure on your opponent. You have future blockers, and you hit the 2 but, more importantly, you can make much stronger hands fold. 在这里,你没有太多可以失去的,应该用全池大小的 c-bet 来施加最大压力在你的对手身上。你有未来的阻挡牌,你打出了 2,但更重要的是,你可以让更强的手牌弃牌。 Finally, if you get check-raised, you are not giving up much equity. 最后,如果你被加注了,你并没有放弃太多的股权。
Hand Example 54
You are on the Button with A-A -Kiagram 67). 您按下了按钮与 A-A -Kiagram 67)。
You have no flush draw and no straight draw. Should you bet your top set on the turn? 你没有同花顺和顺子。你应该在转牌时下注你的顶对吗?
Yes, you should bet this hand for full pot. The reason is that it's very unlikely your opponent has hit this turn card. You have no spade and no 7 or 8, meaning that all these straight draws and flush draws are unblocked and therefore likely to be in your opponent's hand. 是的,你应该为全额下注这手牌。原因是你的对手很可能没有命中这张牌。你没有黑桃,也没有 7 或 8,这意味着所有这些顺子和同花顺都是未被阻挡的,因此很可能在你对手的手牌中。 Therefore you want to value bet big here for full pot. 因此,您希望在这里进行大额价值下注,以赢取整个底池。
Diagram 67 图表 67
Turn Decisions on (Ka-6 -5 )-10 转动决策 (Ka-6 -5 )-10
The second turn that we will discuss is the 10 , making the board (K-65 )-10 . This is a heavy blank that, at the same time, introduces a lot of draws: the backdoor flush draw and a lot of straight draws. 我们将讨论的第二轮是 10,制作板(K-65)-10。这是一个重要的空白,同时引入了很多平局:后门同花顺平局和很多顺子平局。
Hand Example 55
You are on the Button with K -Q -J -9» (Diagram 68). 您在按钮上与 K -Q -J -9»(图 68)一致。
Are you going to double barrel, or check back? Here you should ask how likely is it that you are going to get called by a weaker hand? 你打算加注两次,还是让牌?在这里,你应该问自己,对手会跟注的可能性有多大?
In this case, you can certainly be called by a weaker hand so you are looking to bet. You have a wrap, a lot of nutted outs, a Queen-high flush draw and top pair. 在这种情况下,您肯定可以被一个较弱的手牌叫牌,因此您打算下注。您有一个包赢的牌,很多最佳牌外包赢的机会,一个皇后高同花顺的牌型和顶对。 There are a lot of combo draws at this point that are significantly behind; backdoor diamonds, weaker spades, weaker straight draws and you can get a lot of value from them. 在这一点上有很多组合抽牌明显落后;后门钻石,较弱的黑桃,较弱的顺子抽牌,你可以从中获得很多价值。
Diagram 68 图表 68
Hand Example 56
You are on the Button with A -J-10 -2 (Diagram 69). 您手上的牌是 A -J-10 -2(图表 69)。
Diagram 69 图表 69
You have hit second pair and a gutshot. Are you going to check back or bet? 你有打中第二对和一个中间顺子。你打算是要跟注还是下注?
Here you should bet full pot. With the in your hand you have both good future blockers and immediate blockers. You don't gain much from checking back as you don't have that many great river runouts. At this point, you are trying to apply pressure to make your opponent fold. 在这里,你应该下满注。手中有 ,你既有良好的未来阻挡牌,又有即时阻挡牌。回头看不会带来太多好处,因为你没有太多出色的河牌。此时,你正在施加压力,让对手弃牌。 As you have paired the ten, it makes it less likely that your opponent has either 10-10 or K-10. 由于您已经配对了十,这使得您的对手要么没有 10-10,要么没有 K-10。
Hand Example 57
You are on the Button with A-A (Diagram 70). 您在按钮上与 A-A(图 70)一致。
Diagram 70 图表 70
With your overpair and flush draw, are you going to double barrel the turn? 你有大对和同花顺的牌,你打算在转牌时进行第二次加注吗?
No, you should check. Your hand did not improve and the turn introduced a lot of possible additional equity for your opponent. They could potentially hold a better made hand, such as K-10. As you did not improve, you should check back and take the free river card. 不,你应该检查。你的手牌没有改善,而转牌为你的对手引入了许多可能的额外公平性。他们可能持有更好的手牌,比如 K-10。由于你没有改善,你应该检查回来并拿到免费的河牌。
Hand Example 58
You are on the Button with (Diagram 71). 您在按钮上与 (图表 71)相符。
Diagram 71 图表 71
You flopped two pair along with an open-ended straight draw. What are you going to do on the turn? 你有两对牌和一个开放式顺子吸引。你打算在转牌时怎么做?
You should check back to pot control. This turn card means that there are a lot of possible better made hands and also a lot of equity for your opponent. So you are going to check back and wait for a safe river to potentially bluff catch instead of building a pot. 你应该回头控制下注。这张转牌意味着有很多可能更好的手牌,对手也有很多资产。所以你要回头检查,等待一个安全的河牌,有可能进行虚张声势,而不是建立一个底池。 Your hand is very tricky to play and, facing a turn check-raise you would usually have to give up because there are so many bad rivers and you are also significantly behind against a set or K-10. 你的手牌很棘手,面对一个转牌的加注,你通常必须放弃,因为有很多不利的河牌,而且你也明显落后于一个三条或 K-10。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
Your preflop and flop ranges heavily influence your turn ranges. 您的起手牌和翻牌范围会极大地影响您的转牌范围。
On the turn, you will often play a polarized strategy and use two sizings, pot and half-pot. 在转牌时,您通常会采用极化策略,并使用两种赌注大小,即底池和半底池。
After betting the flop, you want to make sure that you don't add too many hands to your double barreling range. You also want to check with some strong hands on the turn to protect yourself from being exploited on the river after checking back the turn. 在下注翻牌后,您要确保不要将太多手牌加入到您的二次下注范围中。您还希望在转牌时检查一些强手,以防止在转牌后检查回来后在河牌上被利用。
Single-raised Pots OOP Turn Strategy
Introduction 介绍
In this section, we will discuss turn strategy when you are OOP after checkcalling a pot-size bet on the flop (4.25bb). You are in the Cutoff and your opponent is on the Button. The board we will use is . 在本节中,我们将讨论当您在翻牌后 OOP 时的转牌策略(4.25bb)在翻牌时进行了 底池大小的下注。您位于 Cutoff 位置,对手位于 Button 位置。我们将使用的牌桌是 。
After check-calling on the flop, you are very rarely betting. One of the only turn transitions where you have a significant c-betting range is the A . On this card, you are leading out about of the time. On almost all of the other possible turn cards, you would be checking . In this case, it makes sense to go for a full range check on all possible turn cards except for the ace. The check-raising range is also very low, only about on average across all different turn cards. 在 翻牌后,您很少下注。您有显著的 c-betting 范围的转折之一是 A。在这张牌上,您大约有 的时间领先。在几乎所有其他可能的转牌上,您会选择 。在这种情况下,除了 A 之外,对所有可能的转牌进行全范围检查是有意义的。检查加注范围也非常有限,平均只有 ,覆盖所有不同的转牌。
If your opponent is double barreling on this board, they are representing a very polarized range. Therefore, you are not incentivized to check-raise because their range is either the nuts or air. 如果你的对手在这个牌局上进行了双重加注,那么他们代表的是一个非常极端的范围。因此,你没有动力进行反加注,因为他们的范围要么是绝佳的牌,要么是废牌。 If they have the nuts, you don't want to get all the money in, and if they are bluffing, you want to call so they will keep bluffing. 如果他们有底牌,你不想把所有的钱都压进去,如果他们在虚张声势,你想跟注让他们继续虚张声势。
However, there are still a few hands you should be check-raising. More importantly, you must realize that you should be folding at a rather high frequency. 然而,仍然有一些手牌你应该进行加注再加注。更重要的是,你必须意识到你应该以相当高的频率弃牌。 The hands you should fold are often hands that you, in theory, could use to bluff-catch as you often have some showdown value, having check-called the flop. But you have to select some hands that are low EV check-calls and fold those hands. 你应该弃牌的手牌通常是你理论上可以用来虚张声势的手牌,因为你经常有一些摊牌价值,因为你在翻牌圈时选择了跟注。但你必须选择一些低期望值的跟注手牌,并弃掉这些手牌。 If you don't you are becoming very exploitable. If your opponent knows you are going to check-call twice, maybe even three times, with an overpair at all times on this board, you become very exploitable. 如果你不这样做,你就会变得非常容易被利用。如果你的对手知道你在这个牌局上每次都会两次甚至三次检查-跟注,你手中总是有一对以上的牌,那么你就会变得非常容易被利用。 Your opponent could then play a very exploitative unbalanced strategy where they are value-betting a ton of hands or triplebarreling aggressively, knowing that you are often going to fold bluffcatchers with which you called on the turn. 您的对手可以采取一种非常具有剥削性的不平衡策略,他们可以对很多手进行价值下注或者进行激进的三次加注,因为他们知道您经常会放弃在转牌时用来跟注的虚张牌。
Turn Transition Analysis on the 21
The first turn transition that we are going to analyze is the . The board now is . This turn introduces a flush draw but, apart from that, this 我们将要分析的第一次转换是 。现在的牌桌是 。这一轮引入了一个同花顺抽牌,但除此之外,这
card can be considered to be a light blank. 卡片可以被视为一种轻便的空白。
You can recognize a hand that should fold against a second barrel by considering the following characteristics: 您可以通过考虑以下特征来识别应该对第二个筒折叠的手:
Low showdown value.
You have to be able to put this into the perspective of your entire turn range. You called the flop, so you are going to arrive on the turn with a lot of strong overpairs. 您必须能够将这放入您整个转牌范围的视角中。您在翻牌时跟注,因此您将带着许多强大的高对牌到达转牌。 You should be folding hands that have the lowest pair value or that have no pair whatsoever and can continue with the rest. 您应该折叠手中具有最低对值或根本没有对的手牌,并可以继续进行其他操作。
Low equity versus opponent's value range. 对手的价值范围低于股权。
Your opponent's value range is mainly going to consist of 8-x combinations, along with some full houses. Against , you can still have decent equity in the form of a flush draw, or in the form of a straight draw. 您对手的价值范围主要将包括 8-x 组合,以及一些葫芦。对抗 ,您仍然可以通过同花顺牌型或顺子牌型获得相当可观的股权。
Blocking/removing your opponent's natural bluffs. When you look at your hand, you should ask yourself, "Is my hand making it more or less likely that my opponent is holding a bluff or a value hand? 阻止/移除对手的自然虚张声势。当你看自己的手牌时,你应该问自己,“我的手牌是让对手更有可能还是更不可能持有虚张声势或价值手牌?” Am I blocking the bluffs by holding straight and flush draw blockers, or am I blocking the made hands?" With hands that make it more likely that your opponent is bluffing or semi-bluffing, you should continue more aggressively and with hands that are blocking your opponent's bluffs, you should go ahead and fold because you are more likely to be running into a strong value hand. 我通过持有顺子和同花顺阻挡牌来阻挡吹牛,还是阻挡已成形的手牌?对于那些使对手更有可能在吹牛或半吹牛的手牌,你应该更积极地继续,而对于那些阻挡对手吹牛的手牌,你应该放弃,因为你更有可能遇到强大的价值手牌。
High Frequency Folding Hands 高频折叠手
Hands such as a bare straight draw, a bare flush draw, bare J-J, a bare pair of tens and total air should pretty much be folding at a frequency. A lot of these combinations don't have much, if any, showdown value and they are not doing too well against your opponent's value range. At the same time, they're often blocking your opponent's bluffs. 像赤裸直接抽牌、赤裸同花抽牌、赤裸 J-J、赤裸十对和全空等这样的手牌应该在 频率下基本上都应该弃牌。这些组合中很多都没有太多的摊牌价值,而且它们在与对手的价值范围对抗时表现不佳。与此同时,它们经常会阻碍对手的虚张。 Holding a hand such as A-9-76 is blocking the straight draws that your opponent could be bluffing with. It has no pair and so should be folded. 握有像 A-9-76 这样的手牌会阻止对手可能用来虚张声势的顺子牌。它没有对子,因此应该弃牌。 Even if you hold a bare ten, you should almost always be folding because combinations with a ten are one of the most likely bluffing hands your opponent could be holding. By holding that card yourself, you make it much less likely your opponent is bluffing. 即使你手中有一张裸十,你几乎总是应该弃牌,因为与十相配的组合是对手可能持有的最有可能的虚张手牌之一。通过自己持有那张牌,你大大降低了对手在虚张。
With bare queens, you have an overpair without a straight draw and a flush draw. This hand can easily be beaten on the river by a flush, a straight, or an 拿着裸露的皇后,你有一个超对子,但没有顺子和同花顺的可能。这手牌很容易在河牌被同花顺、顺子或其他牌型打败。
overcard. So you are usually going to fold with these hands as well. 过牌。因此,通常你也会放弃这些牌。
Next, consider with a straight draw, without a flush draw. These hands should also be folded because you are again blocking your opponent's natural bluffs. 接下来,考虑 是直接抽牌,没有同花抽牌。这些手牌也应该弃牌,因为你又在阻挡对手的自然虚张声势。
Finally, Jacks with a straight draw without a flush draw are pretty much the same story as 10 -x combinations with no straight draw or flush draw. You are blocking our opponent's natural bluffs and your opponent's showdown value is relatively low. 最后,持有直接牌型但没有同花牌的 Jacks 基本上与没有直接牌型或同花牌的 10-x 组合差不多。你挡住了对手的自然虚张声势,而你对手的摊牌价值相对较低。
So here again (simplified), are the characteristics that need to be considered when deciding whether to fold against a second barrel: 因此,这里再次列出需要考虑的特征,以便决定是否应该对抗第二个加注
Low showdown value.
Low equity versus the opponent's value range.
Blocking/removing your opponent’s natural bluffs. 阻止/移除对手的自然虚张声势。
So, which hands should fold in the real world? Let's look at some examples. Here, in the Cutoff, you are facing a 75% pot-size turn bet (12.75bb) 那么,在现实世界中应该折叠哪些手呢?让我们看一些例子。在这里,在 Cutoff 位置,你面对一个 75%底池大小的转牌注(12.75bb)
Hand Example 59
You are in the Cutoff with Q-Q (Diagram 72). 您手中有 Q-Q (图 72)。
Diagram 72 图表 72
This is a bare overpair of queens. You don't have a lot of equity against 这是一个裸露的女王对。你对这个没有太多的股权。
your opponent's value range (8-x). Furthermore, there is a good chance you will get outdrawn by your opponent's bluffs. If your opponent has a straight or flush draw, the probability that they could still hit it on the river is high. 对手的价值范围为(8-x)。此外,你很有可能会被对手的虚张声势击败。如果对手有顺子或同花顺的牌型,他们在河牌圈中仍然能够命中的概率很高。 Even if they are just holding Aces or Kings, they would already have you beat. There are also many scary rivers on which you are not very willing to call down. So this is a hand that you should be folding on the turn against a second barrel. 即使他们只是拿着 A 或 K,他们已经打败了你。还有许多可怕的河流,你不太愿意跟注。所以这是一个你应该在转牌时放弃的手牌。
Hand Example 60
You are in the Cutoff with A-9-7-6-6 (Diagram 73). 您手中的牌是 A-9-7-6-6(图 73)。
Diagram 73 图表 73
You would call the flop with this hand but you should now give up on the turn because you are blocking your opponent's natural bluffs. You also have low showdown value with this hand. 你会用这手牌跟注翻牌,但现在应该放弃转牌,因为你挡住了对手的自然虚张声势。你的手牌也具有较低的摊牌价值。
Turn Calling Range on (10-8 -8 )-2 打开呼叫范围(10-8 -8 )-2
To continue against a second barrel on the turn, you should look for the following characteristics: 在转牌时继续对抗第二个筹码,您应该寻找以下特征:
High showdown value.
Decent equity versus the opponent's value range. 相对于对手的价值范围,公平的权益。
Blocking/removing your opponent's value hands. 阻止/移除对手的有价值手牌。
The following are examples of hands that can call a second barrel on 以下是可以在 上进行第二次加注的手牌示例
Hand Example 61
You are in the Cutoff with (Diagram 74). 您在截止处与 (图 74)一起。
Diagram 74 图表 74
You already have some equity against an 8 , you can hit a 10, a Queen or a straight card. At the same time, you are not blocking flush draws which increases the likelihood that your opponent is bluffing. So this hand is going to continue against a second barrel. 您已经有一些对抗 8 的股权,您可以打出 10、皇后或直牌。同时,您没有阻挡同花顺的可能性,这增加了对手在虚张声势的可能性。因此,这手牌将继续对抗第二个加注。
Hand Example 62
You are in the Cutoff with -6 (Diagram 75). 您在截止线上, -6(图表 75)。
This hand is not blocking the straight draw combinations such as Q-9, Q-J, or any of the flush draws and it does have some significant showdown value. Therefore, you should call. You also have a small redraw with 7-6 against an 8. 这只手不会挡住直接抽牌组合,比如 Q-9,Q-J,或任何同花顺,而且它确实有一些重要的摊牌价值。因此,你应该跟注。你还有一个小的重抽机会,7-6 对 8。 Bare Kings with zero back-up are usually going to fold but, in this instance, you can call. 裸霸王通常会放弃,但在这种情况下,你可以叫牌。
Diagram 75 图表 75
Hand Example 63
You are in the Cutoff with Q-J-J-10 (Diagram 76). 您手中有 Q-J-J-10(图 76)。
Diagram 76 图表 76
Although this hand is blocking some potential bluffs that your opponent has, it just has too much equity with the overpair and flush draw, so you should call. 尽管这只手挡住了对手可能的虚张声势,但它与大对子和同花顺的资产太多,所以你应该跟注。
Hands that are Raising the Turn 举起转弯的手
To raise the turn on for value you need to be unblocking combinations. If you are holding an 8 , you are usually going to call because you are still behind against 10-8 and 10-10. When you are holding an 8 it also makes it much more likely that your opponent is bluffing. 要提高 的价值,您需要解除 组合的阻挡。如果您手中有 8,通常会选择跟注,因为您仍然落后于 10-8 和 10-10。当您手中有 8 时,也更有可能是对手在虚张声势。 By raising, you will fold out their bluffs and you don't give them the chance to go for a triple-barrel bluff. 通过加注,您将揭示他们的虚张声势,不给他们机会进行三次加注的虚张声势。 When you are holding 10-10, you are going to be raising very often because you are trying to get all the chips from 8 -x, a hand that your opponent will have very often as you don't block it. 当你手中拿着 10-10 时,你会经常加注,因为你试图从 8-x 那里获得所有的筹码,这是你的对手经常会拥有的一手牌,因为你没有阻挡它。 When holding 1010 , you are also raising much more because you are blocking a big part of our your opponent's bluffing range. 当持有 1010 时,你也会加注更多,因为你挡住了对手很大一部分的虚张声势范围。
If you are looking to raise on the turn as a bluff, you need outstanding blockers and protection. The raising ranges on the turn are very small. Most of the combos that want to check-raise, have already check-raised on the flop. 如果你想在转牌时以虚张声势加注,你需要出色的阻挡牌和保护。转牌时的加注范围非常有限。大多数想要进行盲注加注的 组合已经在翻牌时进行了盲注加注。
So, basically, your check-raising range is centered around . This is especially the case when you have a hand that is vulnerable against your opponent's bluffing/semi-bluffing range. An example is K-K (Diagram 77). 所以,基本上,你的加注范围是以 为中心的。特别是当你手中的牌对手的虚张声势/半虚张声势范围有脆弱之处时。一个例子是 K-K (图表 77)。
Diagram 77 图表 77
This hand is vulnerable against the flush and straight draws that your opponent might be double-barreling that could still easily outdraw you by the river. It is also not a hand that can stand a lot of triple barrels because the nuts 这只手在对手可能会双倍下注的同花顺和顺子牌型面前很脆弱,对手可能会在河牌前轻松地超过你。这也不是一只能经受很多三倍下注的手牌,因为它不是最大的牌。
are going to change frequently on the river in a way that is unhelpful for you. At the same time, you are holding a 10 and a 2, so you have a few more full house outs against an 8, and you are blocking the full houses a little bit better. 在河流上的情况将经常变化,这对你没有帮助。同时,你手中有一张 10 和一张 2,所以你对抗 8 有更多的葫芦牌,而且你阻挡了葫芦牌的机会。 Often when you are holding those full house blockers, although you are not blocking a boat or a value hand particularly well, it is still an excellent randomizer to add in some bluffs into your range and it's not hard to identify this randomizer. 通常当你手中拿着那些满堂的阻碍牌时,尽管你并不是特别擅长阻挡船或价值手牌,但它仍然是一个很好的随机器,可以在你的范围内加入一些虚张声势,并且很容易识别这个随机器。
Hand Example 64
Another example is (Diagram 78). 另一个例子是 (图 78)。
Diagram 78 图表 78
This hand needs a lot of protection against your opponent's bluffs. You are not blocking Queens, or Jacks with spades or any straight or flush draws at all. And therefore, every once in a while, you are going to turn this hand into a bluff. 这手牌需要很多保护,以防对手的虚张声势。你没有阻挡女王或带黑桃的杰克,也没有直线或同花顺。因此,偶尔你会把这手牌变成虚张声势。
Hand Example 65
Finally, consider Q^-Q-Jץ-10 (Diagram 79).
This hand could also be used as a bluff raise. Sometimes when you are holding a very vulnerable hand, you want to turn your 10 -x hands into a bluff to make your opponent's life more difficult. 这只手也可以用作虚张声势的加注。有时候当你持有一只非常脆弱的手牌时,你想把你的 10-x 手牌变成虚张声势,让对手的生活变得更加困难。 Too many players have no (bluff)-raising range on the turn after check-calling the flop and this makes it very easy for their opponents to double-barrel with any equity. This also 在翻牌后,太多玩家没有(虚张声势)加注范围,这让对手很容易用任何资产进行第二次加注。这也
creates the opportunity for a triple barrel bluff and they can also improve their hand without the danger of getting check-raised. 创造了三次加注的机会,他们还可以改善手牌,而不必担心被对手加注。 To prevent this, you need to mix in some turn raises and you have to find some randomization tools such as: two pair, or 10-x that has no flush draw that you are then going to turn into a bluff. 为了防止这种情况发生,您需要加入一些转牌加注,并且需要找到一些随机化工具,比如:两对,或者没有同花顺牌的 10-x,然后将其变成一个虚张声势。
Diagram 79 图表 79
Main Takeaways 主要要点
You need to be balanced, so don't call all the hands that you continued with on the flop on the turn. You need to let go of some of them in order to be unexploitable. You should fold: 你需要保持平衡,所以不要在转牌时继续跟进所有你在翻牌圈继续的手牌。为了不被对手利用,你需要放弃其中一些。你应该弃牌:
Hands that have the lowest showdown value.
Hands that have low equity. 资产低的手。
Hands that are removing your opponent's natural bluffs. 正在移除对手的自然虚张声势的手。
In order to continue, you need: 为了继续,您需要:
Hands that have high showdown value. 具有高摊牌价值的手。
Hands that have equity versus your opponent's value hands. 对手的价值手牌与你的公平手牌。
Hands that are blocking/removing your opponent's value hands. 阻挡/移除对手的有价值手牌的手。
In order to raise consider the following: 为了提高考虑以下事项:
If you are raising for value, you want to unblock the part of your opponent's range that you can stack. If you are holding the nuts, you want to unblock the second nuts when you are raising to increase the probability of coolering your opponent. 如果您是为了价值而加注,您希望解除对手牌范围中可以堆叠的部分。如果您手中有最大的牌,当您加注时,您希望解除次大的牌,以增加对手被冷却的概率。
If you are bluffing, you want blockers to your opponent's continuing range. 如果你在虚张声势,你希望对手的继续范围受到阻碍。
Single-raised Pots IP River Strategy
Introduction 介绍
In this section, we discuss river strategy playing IP. We will specifically focus on the bet/bet/bet line. Meaning that you have c-bet the flop and turn and now we want to analyze what action to take on the river. 在这一部分,我们讨论河流策略玩 IP。我们将特别关注下注/下注/下注线。这意味着你已经在翻牌和转牌时进行了 c-bet,现在我们想要分析在河牌上采取什么行动。
The board is . You have c-bet the flop and turn, and you arrive on the river with an SPR of 1.3. 板是 。你在翻牌和转牌时下注,现在河牌来了,你的 SPR 是 1.3。
River Principles 河流原则
River c-bet ranges are polarized (either you bluff or have a very strong hand). On the river, no draws or semi-bluffs are possible. 河流 c-bet 范围是极化的(要么你在吹牛,要么你有一手非常强的牌)。在河牌阶段,没有可能有任何牌型是抽牌或半吹牛。
Your sizing should mostly be pot. Sometimes, when you are value betting thin or when you have a hand that is blocking a big part of your opponent's calling range, you could bet smaller. More about that later. 您的下注大小应该主要是适中的。有时候,当您在进行薄薄的价值下注或者手牌挡住对手呼叫范围的大部分时,您可以下注较小。稍后会详细讨论这个问题。
The higher your showdown-value, the lower your bluff frequency. Sometimes you will arrive on the river with a hand such as a set or two pair. 你的摊牌价值越高,你的虚张声势频率就越低。有时你会拿着三条或两对牌到河牌。 Even though you might have blockers to the nuts, you are still going to elect to check back because you have a lot of showdown value and, therefore, the EV of a check back is very high. 即使你可能有阻碍,你仍然会选择回头检查,因为你有很高的摊牌价值,因此,回头检查的预期价值非常高。
The better your blockers to the nuts, the higher your bluff frequency. This holds true especially if your showdown value is low. So the amount of showdown value you have on the river is crucial when you decide to bluff the river. 阻挡器越好,你的虚张声势频率就越高。特别是当你的摊牌价值较低时,这一点尤为重要。因此,在决定在河牌时虚张声势时,你在河牌上的摊牌价值量是至关重要的。
Hand Example 66
The first river transition we will analyze is the A completing the front door flush draw. The board is now (K -6 -5 -10 )-A (Diagram 80). 我们将分析的第一条河流转换是 A 完成前门冲刷。现在的牌面是(K -6 -5 -10)-A(图表 80)。
Diagram 80 图表 80
Flushes 冲洗
The nut flush, second nut flush and third nut flush are all value-betting at a frequency IP, preferably betting full pot. The stronger your hand is, the more often you should use a pot sizing. The reason is that you don't have to be afraid of running into a better flush. 坚果同花顺、次好的同花顺和第三好的同花顺在 IP 时都是有价值的下注,最好下注全池。你的手牌越强,就越应该使用全池大小的下注。原因是你不必担心碰上更好的同花顺。
And also, realize that the OOP player is leading around of their flushes into you. You are still going to value-bet all flushes, and are only checking of the time when you are holding a low flush. So you should almost always be value-betting a flush on this river. 而且,要意识到 OOP 玩家会将他们 的同花牌带入你。你仍然会对所有同花牌进行价值下注,只有在你手中持有低同花牌时才会有 的时间进行检查。因此,你几乎总是应该在这条河上对同花牌进行价值下注。
Showdown Value
Whenever you are holding a hand that has showdown value that isn't a flush, you should almost never bet. The only hands that you can often bet are straights with flush blockers. 每当你手中拿着一个有摊牌价值但不是同花的手牌时,你几乎永远不应该下注。唯一经常可以下注的手牌是带有同花阻挡器的顺子。 There is no point in betting a straight without a flush blocker, or hands that are even weaker than a straight such as sets and two pairs. Again, if you have a lot of showdown value, the EV of a check back is very high and there is no reason to use your hand for a bet. 在没有同花牌封堵器的情况下下注直接牌是没有意义的,或者手牌比直接牌更弱,比如三条和两对。再次强调,如果你有很高的摊牌价值,那么选择让牌的预期值非常高,没有理由用你的手牌下注。
You want to play an efficient strategy, which means when you are bluffing, you bluff with hands that have very little chance to win at showdown. 您想要玩一个高效的策略,这意味着当您在虚张声势时,您要用那些在摊牌时几乎没有赢的机会的手牌来虚张声势。
Bluffs 悬崖
The nut flush blocker has less low showdown value, so hands weaker than two pairs of sixes and fives, are bluffing at a frequency. The second and third nut flush blockers also bet at an almost frequency. If you have a nut flush blocker while holding A-K, your bluffing frequency is still quite high, but it's already a little lower because you are holding more showdown value. 坚果同花顺阻挡器的低牌面价值较低,因此比六和五以下的手牌更弱,以 频率在蒙混过关。第二和第三高的同花顺阻挡器也几乎以 频率下注。如果你手持 A-K 并有坚果同花顺阻挡器,你的蒙混频率仍然相当高,但因为你手中有更多的牌面价值,所以已经稍微降低。
The most crucial factor here is how low your showdown value is and holding the perfect blocker isn't as relevant. 这里最关键的因素是你的摊牌价值有多低,持有完美的封堵牌并不那么重要。 When you arrive at the river, always think, "Do I have a chance of winning this hand by checking back?" If the answer is no, you should always consider putting it into your bluffing range. 当你到达河边时,永远要考虑:“我通过回看有赢的机会吗?”如果答案是否定的,你应该考虑把它放入你的虚张声势范围内。
Hand Example 67
On the river, (K , some straights get there but, more importantly, the two flush draws bricked (Diagram 81). 在 河上,(K ,有些直接到达那里,但更重要的是,两个同花顺都没有完成(图表 81)。
Diagram 81 图表 81
The principles of your strategy on this river are still the same, but we will briefly revisit them because they are so important. 在这条河流上,您的策略原则仍然是一样的,但我们会简要回顾它们,因为它们非常重要。
River c-bet ranges are polarized (you either have a bluff or a strong value hand). 河流 c-bet 范围是极化的(你要么有一个虚张声势,要么有一个强大的价值手)。
Your sizing should mostly be pot. 您的尺寸应该主要是锅。
The higher your showdown-value, the lower your bluff frequency. 你的摊牌价值越高,你的虚张声势频率就越低。
The better your blockers to the nuts, the higher your bluff frequency. 阻挡器越好,你的虚张声势频率就越高。
The board is . Straights should always be value bet on this runout. A set on this river card is also betting at a high frequency. If you have a set that can beat other sets or a set that is blocking the straight, then you definitely want to value bet. 板块是 。直线应该始终在这个牌局上进行价值投注。在这张河牌上有一个三条也是以高频率下注。如果你有一个可以击败其他三条或者阻挡直线的三条,那么你肯定想进行价值投注。
Two pairs, top pairs and overpairs are never value-betting. Those hands are still beating missed flush draws, so they do have some showdown value but they aren't strong enough to go for value. Lastly, you have air with straight blockers. 两对、顶对和高对从不是价值下注。这些手仍然能打败错失的同花顺,所以它们有一些摊牌价值,但不足以去争取价值。最后,你有带有顺子阻挡器的底牌。 In this context "air" refers to less than a King because those hands are seldom going to win at showdown. Air without straight blockers is rarely bluffing. 在这种情况下,“空气”指的是低于国王的手牌,因为这些手牌很少会在摊牌时赢得比赛。没有顺子阻挡的空气很少会虚张声势。
Main Takeaways 主要要点
Always consider how much showdown value you have and how relevant your blockers are. 始终考虑你的摊牌价值有多大,以及你的阻挡牌有多相关。
River c-bet ranges are polarized (you either have a bluff or a strong value hand). 河流 c-bet 范围是极化的(你要么有一个虚张声势,要么有一个强大的价值手)。
Your sizing should mostly be pot. 您的尺寸应该主要是锅。
The higher your showdown-value, the lower your bluff frequency. 你的摊牌价值越高,你的虚张声势频率就越低。
The better your blockers to the nuts, the higher your bluff frequency. 阻挡器越好,你的虚张声势频率就越高。
Putting it all Together 将所有内容整合在一起
We have now discussed the strategic fundamentals of IP play on the flop, turn, and river. The next step is to tie these fundamentals together to create a solid three-street game plan. Therefore, we are now going to enter into some in-depth three-street hand analyses. 我们现在已经讨论了翻牌、转牌和河牌上的 IP 打法的战略基础。下一步是将这些基础联系起来,制定一个稳固的三街游戏计划。因此,我们现在将进行一些深入的三街手牌分析。
Hand 1 手 1
Hand Example 68
You are on the Button with A -5 - 5 and the flop is 82). 您的手牌是 A -5 - 5,翻牌是 82。
Diagram 82 图表 82
On this board, you are holding the nut flush draw, a pair of fives and a backdoor flush draw. This hand should be c-betting the flop because you lack showdown value and you can call a check-raise. 在这个牌局中,你手中有坚果同花顺的牌型,一对五和一个后门同花顺的牌型。这手牌应该在翻牌时进行 c-bet,因为你缺乏摊牌价值,而且你可以跟注对方的加注。 You are also removing some of the value hands that your opponent could be continuing with on the flop such as the nut flush draw or hands such as sets and two pairs that include a 您还在翻牌时移除了对手可能继续进行的一些价值手,比如最大同花顺牌或者包括对子和两对在内的手
So you should bet this flop and call a check-raise if necessary. But let's imagine that you c-bet and your opponent calls. 所以你应该在这个翻牌时下注,并在必要时跟注一个反攻。但让我们假设你进行了 c-bet,而对手跟注。
Hand Example 69
The turn is (K (Diagram 83). 转弯是(K (图 83)。
You are now holding two flush draws but have barely any showdown value, so you should go for a double barrel. The reason why you double barrel is that you have more outs that you can hit against your opponent's check-raising range and you hold less nuttiness in your hand. 你现在手里有两个同花顺的牌,但几乎没有任何摊牌价值,所以你应该选择双重加注。双重加注的原因是你有更多的外包直击对手的盲注范围,并且你手中的牌少了一些最佳牌。 You can call a check-raise given that you have more equity against hands such as sets and two pairs, so double barreling here is not going to hinder you from realizing your equity. In this case you should use a pot sizing. In the event of a checkraise you will call. 鉴于您对套牌和两对等手牌有更多的股权,您可以进行加注,因此在这里进行双倍加注不会妨碍您实现您的股权。在这种情况下,您应该使用一个奖池大小。如果发生加注,您将跟注。
Diagram 83 图表 83
Hand Example 70
The river is (K -6 -5 -10 )-Q (Diagram 84). 河流是(K -6 -5 -10)-Q(图 84)。
Diagram 84 图表 84
You hit the flush on the river! But it's a very weak one. Really weak flushes often go for a check back on the river after double barreling on the flop and turn. With most of your flushes on this board you would go ahead and value bet. 你在河牌打出同花!但是这是一个非常弱的同花。真正弱的同花经常在翻牌和转牌后双倍加注后在河牌上选择让牌。在这个牌面上,大多数同花你会选择继续下注。 But here you are holding one of the weakest possible flushes, hence a check back is preferable. 但是在这里,你手中拿着可能是最弱的同花牌之一,因此最好选择让牌。
Hand 2 手 2
Hand Example 71
You are on the Button with and the flop is (Diagram 85). 您的手牌是 ,翻牌是 (图表 85)。
Diagram 85 图表 85
The most important concepts on a paired board are: 在配对板上最重要的概念是:
On the flop, you should use a c-bet sizing.
On , you c-bet around of your range.
When c-betting on , you are looking to bet overpairs that include a 10 because those hands block 10-10 and 10-8. 在 上进行 c-bet 时,您要下注包括 10 在内的高对子,因为这些手牌会阻止 10-10 和 10-8。
If you have an overpair that has no backup in the form of a 10 or a straight draw, then you are looking to bet with hands that are blocking some of the rundowns by holding a or a 7 . 如果您手中有一对高牌,而且没有 10 或顺子牌作为后援,那么您应该下注,用手牌阻挡一些可能的连牌,比如持有 或 7。
With K-K-10-9 you have a strong overpair, a 10 blocker, a backdoor flush draw and a backdoor straight draw. This hand is a clear c-bet on the flop. 有 K-K-10-9,您有一个强大的高对,一个 10 挡牌,一个后门同花顺牌和一个后门顺子牌。这手牌在翻牌圈是一个明显的 c-bet。 If you held the same hand without a backdoor flush draw you would be more inclined to check back because there are fewer turns to double barrel and fewer rivers on which you can win at showdown. Due to the paired board you bet 33%-pot and your opponent calls. 如果你手中没有后门同花顺牌,你可能更倾向于回头检查,因为可以双倍下注的回合更少,可以在其中获胜的河牌也更少。由于牌桌上有对子,你下注 33%底池,对手跟注。 Your opponent is going to have a very wide calling range, which probably includes hands such as weaker overpairs, straight draws, , and so on. 您的对手可能会有非常广泛的跟注范围,这可能包括一些较弱的同花顺、顺子牌等手牌。
Hand Example 72
The turn is 转弯是
Diagram 86 图表 86
On the turn, you have improved by adding a flush draw. After betting the flop, you didn't get check-raised, so you can assume you still hold the best hand on the turn. 在转牌时,您通过增加一张同花牌来改善手牌。在下注翻牌后,您没有遇到加注,因此可以假设您在转牌时仍然拥有最佳手牌。 You are also doing well against some of the hands that your opponent might continue with, such as Q-Q with spades, J-J with spades and straight draws such as or . On the turn, you are mostly using a 50%-pot sizing but a smaller sizing could also be justified. You value bet with a -sizing on the turn, and your opponent calls again. 你也在对抗一些对手可能继续的手牌上做得不错,比如带黑桃的 Q-Q,带黑桃的 J-J,以及顺子牌型,比如 或 。在转牌阶段,你主要使用 50%底池大小的下注,但更小的下注也是合理的。你在转牌阶段以 大小的价值下注,对手再次跟注。
Hand Example 73
The river is (10 -8 -8 (Diagram 87). 河流是(10 -8 -8(图 87)。
Diagram 87 图表 87
You didn't hit the flush draw but still hold considerable showdown value. After double barreling, you are now looking to check back on the river. Depending on your opponent, you could also triple barrel for value here. 你没有击中同花顺,但仍然具有相当大的摊牌价值。双倍加注后,你现在打算在河牌时选择让牌。根据你的对手,你也可以选择三倍加注来获取价值。 For example, if you believe that your opponent would have raised hands with an 8 or on either the flop or the turn, you are most likely still ahead. In the specific situation of Button versus Big Blind, where the Big Blind is threebetting almost all Aces, you can three-barrel quite frequently. 例如,如果你相信你的对手在翻牌或转牌时会拿着 8 或 ,那么你很可能仍然领先。在按钮对大盲的具体情况下,大盲几乎总是会三注所有的 A,你可以经常进行三次加注。 When you do go for the three-barrel, using a small sizing is probably the best as this has a greater chance of getting called by hands you have beat. 当您选择三筒时,使用较小的尺寸可能是最好的,因为这样有更大的机会被您打败的手牌跟注。 Also, if you have spades, it makes your hand better to triple barrel because your opponent is then unlikely to have spades and is more likely to bluff-catch, given that the spades have busted. 此外,如果你有黑桃,三次加注会让你的手牌变得更好,因为你的对手很可能没有黑桃,更有可能在虚张声势,考虑到黑桃已经爆牌。
Hand 3 手 3
Hand Example 74
You are on the Button with A - -6 and the flop is (Diagram 88). 您在按钮上与 A - -6,并且翻牌是 (图 88)。
Diagram 88 图表 88
This hand should be c-bet on the flop. An important point to consider is how to proceed on certain turn cards if you check back. In this case, you don't have a nutted turn card, but you do have some turns that can be barreled, for example, a straight and some flush draws. 这手牌应该在翻牌圈继续下注。一个重要的考虑点是如果你选择让步,该如何在某些转牌上继续行动。在这种情况下,你没有最强的转牌,但你有一些可以继续加注的转牌,例如顺子和一些同花顺。 With A -7-6-2 you have low showdown value and low EV when checking back because of the lack of good turn cards that you can hit with this hand. Therefore you should bet 33%-pot, as your standard strategy suggests on paired boards. The opponent calls. 持有 A-7-6-2,您的摊牌价值和检查回合的预期值较低,因为您无法用这手牌获得好的转牌。因此,您应该下注 33%底池,就像您在对子牌板上的标准策略建议的那样。对手跟注。
Hand Example 75
The turn is (10-8-8) (Diagram 89). This turn adds a flush draw to your hand, thus improving equity against your opponent's calling range. You do want to use a bigger sizing because you want to be more polarized on this turn card. 转牌是(10-8-8)(图 89)。这个转牌为您的手牌增加了一条同花顺的可能性,从而提高了对手的跟注范围的股权。您确实希望使用更大的筹码量,因为您希望在这个转牌上更极端化。 If you have a hand that benefits from making your opponent fold a medium strength hand (as your current hand does) you want to go for a large sizing and bet pot. 如果您有一手牌,可以通过让对手弃牌一手中等强度的牌(就像您当前的手牌一样),您应该选择较大的下注额并下注底池。 If you do not have a spade draw, you should still consider betting this hand because the EV of checking back is so low. However, the poor showdown value would not be the only reason to go for a turn bet. 如果你没有挖掘机,你仍然应该考虑下注这手牌,因为检查回去的预期价值太低。然而,劣势的摊牌价值并不是下注转牌的唯一原因。 You also want to make sure that you show up on the river with some bluffs in your range and a hand such as will be a very efficient river 您还希望确保在河牌上展示一些虚张声势,并且像