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循环系统习题
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1.
Serum is blood plasma minus its
sodium ions
calcium ions
clotting proteins
albumin
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2.
Which of these is a granulocyte?
a lymphocyte
an erythrocyte
a monocyte
an eosinophil
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3.
During virus infection, the number of which leukocyte will increase?
monocyte
neutrophil
eosinophil
basophil
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4.
The antigens for blood groups are present on
lymphocytes
red blood cells
platelets
monocytes
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5.
Which of the following has the thickest wall?
the left atrium
the left ventricle
the right atrium
the right ventricle
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6.
What feature does cardiac muscle possess that is missing in skeletal muscle?
intercalated discs
multiple nuclei
striations
voluntary control
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7.
Which of the following channels contribute to the repolarization of the action potantial of ventricular muscle fibers?
Ca2+ channels
Cl- channels
Na+ channels
K+ channels
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8.
Cardiac muscle does not exhibit tetanus because it has
scanty sarcoplasmic reticulum
electrical synapses
a long effective refractory period
fast Ca2+ channels
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9.
Which of the following has a slow depolarization?
atrial muscle cells
sinoatrial node
purkinje fibers
ventricular muscle cells
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10.
Which cardiac muscles have the fastest autorhythmicity?
Purkinje fibers
muscle fibers of the atrioventricular node
pacemaker cells of the sinoatrial node
muscle fibers of the atrioventricular bundle
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11.
Choose the correct pathway of the transmission of impulses in the heart.
AV node - SA node - ventricular muscles - Purkinje fibers
AV node - SA node - Purkinje fibers - ventricular muscles
SA node - AV node - Purkinje fibers - ventricular muscles
SA node - AV node - ventricular muscles - Purkinje fibers
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12.
Which part of the ECG corresponds to ventricular repolarization?
T wave
PR interval
P wave
QRS complex
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13.
To get from the right atrium to the right ventricle, blood flows through
the tricuspid valve
the semilunar valve
the bicuspid valve
the mitral valve
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14.
What is the main function of mitral valve?
to prevent a drop in pressure in the aorta during diastole
to increase the pressure inside the left atrium during systole
to prevent blood backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole
to add additional blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle during atrial systole
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15.
The pressure differential between the heart and the aorta is least in the
left atrium during systole
left ventricle during systole
right ventricle during systole
left ventricle during diastole
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16.
The ventricular volume remains unchanged while the ventricular pressure rises during
isovolumetric relaxation
isovolumetric contraction
rapid filling
rapid ejection
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17.
The second heart sound is caused by
closure of the aortic valves
vibrations in the ventricular wall during systole
closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
ventricular filling
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18.
The work performed by the left ventricle is substantially greater than that performed by the right ventricle, because in the left ventricle
the preload is greater
the stroke volume is greater
the afterload is greater
the contraction is slower
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19.
During exercise, a man consumes 1.8L of oxygen per minute. His arterial O2 content is 190ml/L, and the O2 content of his venous blood is 130ml/L. His cardiac output is
3L/min
15L/min
30L/min
60L/min
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20.
Any mechanism that increases heart rate is said to have a
positive inotropic effect
negative inotropic effect
negative chronotropic effect
positive chronotropic effect
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21.
When the adrenal medulla suddenly discharges a large amount of epinephrine into the circulation, the heart rate would be expected to
increase because the increase in blood pressure stimulates the carotid and aortic baroreceptors
increase because epinephrine has a direct chronotropic effect on the heart
decrease because the increase in blood pressure stimulates the carotid and aortic chemoreceptors
decrease because of increased tonic parasympathetic discharge to the heart
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22.
Which of the following has the highest total cross-sectional area in the body?
arteries
arterioles
capillaries
veins
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23.
In which organs would sinusoid capillaries be found?
the small intestine
the lung
the bone marrow
the brain
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24.
What converts angiotensin I to angiontensin II?
renin
ACE
ATPase
carbonic anhydrase
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25.
A man is given a prescription for Viagra. Which vasoactive mediator would primarily be increased in this man?
epinephrine
histamine
atrial natriuretic peptide
nitric oxide
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