公路工程概算中存在的问题及对策
Problems and countermeasures in the budget estimation of highway projects

摘要
summary

公路工程建设项目具有规模大、建设周期长、技术复杂、以及人力、物力、财力资源消耗大等特点，从立项、设计、建设到交付运营，建设项目费用呈现出一种动态变化；另外，随着社会进步和经济发展，以及建设环境的变化，再加上设计理念的提升和物价上涨等原因，导致公路建设费用控制起来比较困难，工程决算与概算之间差额较大，超概现象称为普遍状况，在某种程度上影响了公路工程的发展。设计阶段是整个公路项目建设过程中工程造价管理的重点，初步设计阶段更是造价管理的重中之重。为了提高公路工程造价管理水平，文章从公路工程初步设计概算的角度出发，讨论了设计概算在公路工程造价管理中起到的作用，分析设计概算编制步骤，与探讨设计概算中存在的问题，并提出相应对策，希望能够提供一定的参考价值给相关研究。
Highway engineering construction projects have the characteristics of large scale, long construction period, complex technology, and large consumption of human, material and financial resources. In addition, with social progress and economic development, as well as changes in the construction environment, coupled with the promotion of design concepts and rising prices, etc., it is difficult to control the cost of highway construction, and the difference between the final accounts of the project and the estimated budget is larger, and the phenomenon of overestimation is called the general situation, which has affected the development of highway engineering to some extent. The design stage is the focus of project cost management in the construction process of the whole highway project, and the preliminary design stage is the top priority of cost management. In order to improve the level of highway engineering cost management, this paper discusses the role of design budget estimation in highway engineering cost management from the perspective of highway engineering preliminary design budget estimation, analyzes the steps of design budget estimation, discusses the problems existing in design budget estimation, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures, hoping to provide certain reference value for relevant research.

关键词：公路工程建设项目；设计概算；造价管理；
Keywords: highway engineering construction projects; design budget estimates; cost management;