ARMY NEWS 陆军新闻
Army Lays Out Plans for Robotic Combat Vehicles
陆军制定机器人战车计划
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General Dynamic Land Systems image, Oshkosh Defense image, HDT Global image, Textron Systems image
通用动态陆地系统图像、奥什科什防御图像、HDT 全局图像、德事隆系统图像
Washington, D.C. — While the Army has taken a slow, methodical approach to developing what would be its first uncrewed combat vehicle, service leaders recently signaled that they are eager to integrate the technology into formations.
华盛顿特区——虽然美国陆军采取了缓慢而有条不紊的方法来开发其第一辆无人战车，但各军种领导人最近表示，他们渴望将这项技术整合到编队中。
Secretary of the Army Christine Wormuth said the service is kicking off a new human-machine integrated formations initiative.
陆军部长克里斯蒂娜·沃穆特（Christine Wormuth）表示，该军种正在启动一项新的人机综合编队计划。
“These integrated formations will bring robotic systems into units alongside humans, with the goal of always having robots, not soldiers, make first contact with the enemy,” she said in a keynote speech at the Association of the United States Army’s annual conference in Washington, D.C.
“这些综合编队将把机器人系统与人类一起带入部队，目标是始终让机器人而不是士兵与敌人进行第一次接触，”她在华盛顿特区举行的美国陆军协会年会上发表主题演讲时说。
The Robotic Combat Vehicle is the service’s foremost program to integrate the technology in the battlefield.
机器人战车是该军种在战场上整合该技术的最重要计划。
The Army initially envisioned three models — light, medium and heavy — and in 2020 contracted with QinetiQ North America to build light surrogates for experimentation and Textron Systems to build medium versions. However, the service recently decided to develop only one model that falls on the lighter side in terms of weight.
陆军最初设想了三种型号——轻型、中型和重型——并于 2020 年与 QinetiQ North America 签订合同，为实验制造轻型替代品，与德事隆系统公司签订合同，制造中型版本。然而，该服务最近决定只开发一种在重量方面更轻的模型。
In September, the Army chose four contractors to build additional prototypes.
9月，陆军选择了四家承包商来建造更多的原型机。
Brig. Gen. Geoffrey Norman, director of the Army’s Next Generation Combat Vehicles Cross Functional Team, said at the conference that the Army’s robotic vehicles “really represent opportunities for new ways of fighting, for organizing differently and bringing new capabilities to the battlefield.”
陆军下一代战车跨职能小组主任杰弗里·诺曼准将在会议上表示，陆军的机器人车辆“确实代表了新战斗方式的机会，以不同的方式组织并为战场带来新的能力。
The downselect to four teams will move the program forward to the next phase, he said. The vendors will be producing two vehicles each for subsequent evaluation, he added.
他说，下选到四支球队将使该计划进入下一阶段。他补充说，供应商将分别生产两辆车用于后续评估。
The program has four key components: the chassis, the network that connects the Robotic Combat Vehicle to a control vehicle, the control vehicle and modular payloads, he said.
他说，该计划有四个关键组成部分：底盘，将机器人战车连接到控制车辆的网络，控制车辆和模块化有效载荷。
The light version is envisioned as a hybrid electric-powered vehicle with a gross vehicle weight of no more than 8,500 pounds and a maximum payload of no more than 7,000 pounds, the Army has stated.
陆军表示，轻型版本被设想为混合动力电动汽车，车辆总重量不超过8,500磅，最大有效载荷不超过7,000磅。
The modular payloads mounted on the Robotic Combat Vehicles are what give them different capabilities than manned platforms, Norman said. “Capabilities that allow us to thicken … the functions of our crewed systems and the ability to cover more terrain or do things that we couldn’t do without the Robotic Combat Vehicles.”
诺曼说，安装在机器人战车上的模块化有效载荷赋予了它们与载人平台不同的能力。“使我们能够加厚的能力......我们的载人系统的功能以及覆盖更多地形或做没有机器人战车就无法完成的事情的能力。
The software connects it all, and represents “a great opportunity for continued development, collaboration and integration into this effort,” he said.
他说，该软件将这一切连接起来，代表了“继续开发、协作和整合到这项工作中的绝佳机会”。
As for how they will be employed, officials said they would be in a formation of three, with one crewed control vehicle and two robotic wingmen with a range of possible payloads.
至于他们将如何使用，官员们表示，他们将以三人为编队，包括一辆载人控制车和两名机器人僚机，并配备一系列可能的有效载荷。
Maj. Gen. Curtis Buzzard, commanding general of the Army Maneuver Center of Excellence at Fort Moore, Georgia, at the conference laid out a vision for future formations where robotic systems are out in front of the main force collecting intelligence, doing surveillance, sniffing for chemical/biological weapons, setting up counter-drone systems and doing breaching missions.
佐治亚州摩尔堡陆军机动卓越中心司令柯蒂斯·巴扎德少将在会议上提出了未来编队的愿景，机器人系统在主力部队面前收集情报，进行监视，嗅探化学/生物武器，建立反无人机系统并执行突破任务。
Then, robots would be sent in to “kill and to have an impact lethally on our adversaries,” he said.
然后，机器人将被派去“杀戮并对我们的对手产生致命的影响，”他说。
Meanwhile, the four Robotic Combat Vehicle prototypes offered by McQ, General Dynamics Land Systems, Oshkosh Defense and Textron Systems vary in capabilities and design, while meeting the Army’s program requirements, executives from the four contractors told National Defense in interviews on the sidelines of the conference.
与此同时，MCQ，通用动力陆地系统，奥什科什防务和德事隆系统提供的四种机器人战车原型在功能和设计上各不相同，同时满足陆军的计划要求，四家承包商的高管在会议期间接受采访时告诉国防部。
Team McQ — which comprises McQ Inc., HDT Global and BAE Systems — is the only wheeled RCV offering among the four contractors.
McQ团队由McQ Inc.，HDT Global和BAE Systems组成，是四家承包商中唯一的轮式RCV产品。
Research and testing found the wheeled solution offers “the best mobility, the best reliability and the easiest maintenance,” as opposed to a tracked vehicle, Tom Van Doren, chief technical officer and vice president of engineering at HDT, said in an interview.
HDT首席技术官兼工程副总裁Tom Van Doren在接受采访时表示，研究和测试发现，与履带式车辆相比，轮式解决方案提供了“最佳的机动性，最佳的可靠性和最简单的维护”。
The WOLF-X, a hybrid electric diesel vehicle, was designed by Team McQ to support light infantry and to go where manned vehicles cannot, such as narrow trails, steep slopes and dense jungles, he said. An “extremely rugged” vehicle, the WOLF-X “has the traction and pivot-turn capability of a tracked vehicle,” but it runs on easy-to-maintain airless radial tires.
他说，WOLF-X是一种混合动力电动柴油车，由McQ团队设计，用于支持轻步兵，并前往载人车辆无法到达的地方，例如狭窄的小径，陡峭的斜坡和茂密的丛林。WOLF-X是一款“极其坚固”的车辆，“具有履带式车辆的牵引力和枢轴转弯能力”，但它在易于维护的无气子午线轮胎上运行。
The WOLF-X recharges on the move using internal fuel and battery power, meaning that it is “never forced to stop for recharging and is always 100 percent mission-ready,” company fact sheets stated.
该公司的情况说明书称，WOLF-X使用内部燃料和电池供电在移动中充电，这意味着它“永远不会被迫停下来充电，并且始终100%准备好执行任务”。
“The Army gets the benefit of mature technology in a brand-new vehicle that was specifically designed for RCV requirements,” Van Doren said. “We waited until the latest round of RCV requirements came out in November, December 2022 before we actually built this prototype, and by waiting, that allowed us to meet all of those requirements with the vehicle that we were testing at the time,” he said.
“陆军在专为RCV要求而设计的全新车辆中获得了成熟技术的好处，”范多伦说。他说：“我们一直等到 2022 年 11 月、12 月最新一轮的 RCV 要求出来，才真正制造出这个原型，通过等待，这使我们能够满足我们当时正在测试的车辆的所有这些要求。
“We’re going to be testing prototypes in the middle of the next year, to [meet the] key performance requirements,” Van Doren said. “We’re moving very, very quickly to make sure the technology is exactly what the government wants and what the soldiers need.”
“我们将在明年年中测试原型，以满足关键的性能要求，”Van Doren说。“我们正在非常非常迅速地采取行动，以确保这项技术正是政府想要的，也是士兵需要的。
General Dynamics Land Systems’ TRX RCV, or Tracked Robot 10-ton, is being developed and adapted to meet the Army’s RCV requirements off a base platform instead of a clean-sheet design.
通用动力陆地系统公司的TRX RCV或履带式机器人10吨正在开发和调整，以满足陆军在基础平台上的RCV要求，而不是从头开始的设计。
“We’ve been developing this base platform to mature it so that it is reliable and robust and safe to operate, with a focus on making it really easy to integrate all these different modular payloads and reconfigure it and adapt it to a different role,” Chad Malec, manager of robotic systems at General Dynamics Land Systems, said.
“我们一直在开发这个基础平台，使其成熟，使其可靠、坚固且操作安全，重点是使集成所有这些不同的模块化有效载荷变得非常容易，并重新配置它并使其适应不同的角色，”通用动力陆地系统机器人系统经理Chad Malec， 说。
Along with “AI-enhanced design,” the TRX is also a hybrid electric vehicle. Its “power and size” make it an “ideal platform” for multirole manned-unmanned teaming on the modern battlefield. The TRX provides support for many different battlefield roles, including direct and indirect fire, counter-unmanned aerial systems, electronic warfare and reconnaissance, according to General Dynamics.
除了“AI增强设计”外，TRX还是一款混合动力电动汽车。它的“力量和尺寸”使其成为现代战场上多用途有人-无人组队的“理想平台”。据通用动力公司称，TRX为许多不同的战场角色提供支持，包括直接和间接火力，反无人机系统，电子战和侦察。
Malec said the company’s extensive experience with developing unmanned ground vehicles sets it apart from the other contractors.
Malec表示，该公司在开发无人驾驶地面车辆方面的丰富经验使其与其他承包商区分开来。
“We have a lot of good insight into what provides utility to the soldiers, to the users with unmanned platforms, the technologies that work and don’t,” he said. “I think we’ve found a really sweet spot with the size and capability balance of the platform and positioning it so that as the
他说：“我们对什么为士兵、无人平台的用户、有效和无效的技术提供了实用性有很多很好的见解。“我认为我们已经找到了一个非常甜蜜的点，即平台的规模和功能平衡，并将其定位为：
Army moves through the RCV program in the future” it will be able to integrate different modular payloads.
陆军将来通过RCV计划“，它将能够集成不同的模块化有效载荷。
Oshkosh Defense, along with partners Pratt Miller Defense and QinetiQ North America, developed its Robotic Combat Vehicle prototype to “provide increased situational awareness, lethality and tactical options in support of multi-domain operations,” according to a company press release.
根据该公司的一份新闻稿，奥什科什防务公司与合作伙伴Pratt Miller Defense和QinetiQ North America一起开发了其机器人战车原型，以“提供增强的态势感知能力，杀伤力和战术选择，以支持多域作战”。
The three companies were heavily engaged on the RCV-Light surrogate prototype, which the Army has since scrapped. Pratt Miller Defense, which is owned by Oshkosh, and QinetiQ established a partnership to develop an RCV-L prototype in 2019, delivering the vehicle in 2020 for soldier feedback.
这三家公司都大量参与了RCV-Light替代原型机，此后陆军将其废弃。奥什科什（Oshkosh）旗下的普拉特·米勒防务公司（Pratt Miller Defense）和QinetiQ建立了合作伙伴关系，于2019年建立了开发RCV-L原型车的合作伙伴关系，并于2020年交付了该车辆以供士兵反馈。
The RCV-L further built on Pratt Miller’s Expeditionary Modular Autonomous Vehicle, or EMAV, while integrating QinetiQ’s modular open system architecture robotic control systems to make it “highly flexible and payload agnostic,” a QinetiQ release stated.
RCV-L进一步建立在Pratt Miller的远征模块化自动驾驶汽车（EMAV）的基础上，同时集成了QinetiQ的模块化开放系统架构机器人控制系统，使其“高度灵活且与有效载荷无关”。
“We learned a lot from those soldier touchpoints, and that ultimately informed our design,” said Chuck Bunton, director of program management for Oshkosh Defense. “And we’re confident going into this next phase that we’ve addressed any issues and that we’ve met the soldiers’ needs.”
“我们从这些士兵接触点中学到了很多东西，这最终为我们的设计提供了信息，”奥什科什防务公司项目管理总监查克·邦顿说。“我们有信心进入下一阶段，我们已经解决了任何问题，并且我们已经满足了士兵的需求。
Textron Systems’ RIPSAW M3 RCV is a smaller, modified version of the RIPSAW M5 RCV. Since the M5’s debut in 2019, the RIPSAW family has amassed more than 2,000 miles of durability testing, according to a company release.
德事隆系统的 RIPSAW M3 RCV 是 RIPSAW M5 RCV 的较小改进版本。根据公司发布的消息，自 M5 于 2019 年首次亮相以来，RIPSAW 系列已经积累了超过 2,000 英里的耐久性测试。
Textron, along with partners Howe & Howe and Teledyne FLIR Defense, designed the M3 to be rugged and reliable and to meet Army requirements while focusing on transportability and mission versatility. The M3 features an open architecture design and common chassis, which supports a wide variety of field exchangeable payloads from a basic flat-top deck configuration, a fact sheet said.
德事隆与合作伙伴Howe & Howe和Teledyne FLIR Defense一起设计了坚固可靠的M3，以满足陆军的要求，同时专注于可运输性和任务多功能性。一份情况说明书称，M3采用开放式架构设计和通用底盘，支持从基本的平顶甲板配置中实现的各种现场可交换有效载荷。
David Phillips, senior vice president of land and sea systems at Textron, said: “We wanted to maximize the payload capacity, give the Army the opportunity to put many different things on there, even things [like] payloads that are similar to payloads we were putting in our heavier medium M5.”
德事隆陆地和海上系统高级副总裁大卫·菲利普斯（David Phillips）说：“我们希望最大限度地提高有效载荷能力，让陆军有机会在那里放置许多不同的东西，甚至是类似于我们在较重的中型M5中放置的有效载荷的东西。
They also decided to “right size” the vehicle for easy transportation, he added.
他补充说，他们还决定“适当地调整”车辆的尺寸，以便于运输。
Transportability is not a requirement, but the M3 ideally will be small enough to be internally transported by a CH-47 Chinook helicopter because “the Army’s got tons of them,” Phillips said.
菲利普斯说，可运输性不是必需的，但理想情况下，M3足够小，可以由CH-47支奴干直升机在内部运输，因为“陆军有大量的M3直升机”。
The program calls for the four contractors to deliver their prototypes by August 2024.
该计划要求四家承包商在 2024 年 8 月之前交付原型。
Until then, the next “significant event” for the existing prototypes will be the Project Convergence exercise in spring 2024, said Michael Cadieux, director for the Army Combat Capabilities Development Command’s Ground Vehicle Systems Center.
在此之前，现有原型的下一个“重大事件”将是2024年春季的项目融合演习，陆军作战能力发展司令部地面车辆系统中心主任迈克尔·卡迪厄说。
The exercise centers on the Army’s contribution to the Defense Department’s Combined Joint All-Domain Command and Control concept, which calls for sensors and shooters to be connected through a combat cloud for faster decision-making.
该演习的重点是陆军对国防部联合全域指挥与控制概念的贡献，该概念要求通过战斗云连接传感器和射手，以便更快地做出决策。
The RCV-Light prototypes that took part in the previous Project Convergence exercise in fall 2022 gave the Army insights “not only in reconnaissance and security, but also more expanded offensive operations and some defensive operations,” Cadieux said.
卡迪厄说，参加2022年秋季“融合项目”演习的RCV-Light原型机使陆军“不仅在侦察和安全方面，而且在扩大的进攻行动和一些防御行动方面”有了深刻的见解。
“So, we continue to increase the scope and scale of those experiments. And we’ll continue to push the envelope moving forward,” he said. ND
“因此，我们继续扩大这些实验的范围和规模。我们将继续向前迈进，“他说。ND公司
Topics: Topics, Land Forces
主题： 主题， 陆军
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