Applying Scrum to Research Projects
將 Scrum 應用於研究項目

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It has long been understood that Scrum is very well suited to software development projects. However, the literature is scarce regarding examples or case studies of Scrum being used in non-technology applications such as construction, education and research-based projects. The research sector is not well known for deploying Scrum to get its product to see the light of day. But the more you think about it, what organization isn't involved in research of some kind or another?
人們早就知道 Scrum 非常適合軟體開發專案。然而，關於 Scrum 在非技術應用（例如建築、教育和研究專案）中使用的範例或案例研究的文獻卻很少。研究部門並不因部署 Scrum 來讓其產品問世而聞名。但你想得越多，哪個組織不參與某種類型的研究呢？

Corporations perform research all the time to get competitive advantage or to learn something that affects their bottom line. Government institutions use research for all sorts of information affecting their constituents. Further, educational institutions use research-based projects as the foundation for higher learning.
公司一直在進行研究以獲得競爭優勢或了解影響其利潤的東西。政府機構利用研究來獲取影響其選民的各種資訊。此外，教育機構使用基於研究的計畫作為高等教育的基礎。

With all these applications, surely Scrum can venture out of the software-development industry and bring some value to research-based projects. The good news is it can, and already has, but there isn't much news about it.
有了所有這些應用程序，Scrum 肯定可以走出軟體開發行業，為基於研究的專案帶來一些價值。好消息是它可以而且已經做到了，但目前還沒有太多消息。

The Federal University of Amazonas in Brazil published a paper in 2016 detailing the "use of Scrum for the management of research-orientated projects". They concluded that the application of Scrum had brought about productivity improvements, enhanced knowledge sharing and increased engagement (Sanchez, 2016). Also, at Lund University in Sweden, similar benefits were discovered (Pearson et al., 2012). Both studies found that small teams indicative of Scrum were well suited to higher learning objectives. However, they also noted that Scrum needed to be modified slightly to suit the reality of the research-based product life cycle. In particular, Daily Scrums were not possible; instead opting for weekly events.
巴西亞馬遜聯邦大學在 2016 年發表了一篇論文，詳細介紹了「使用 Scrum 來管理研究型專案」。他們的結論是，Scrum 的應用帶來了生產力的提升、知識共享的加強和參與度的提升（Sanchez，2016）。此外，瑞典隆德大學也發現了類似的好處（Pearson等， 2012 年）。兩項研究都發現，採用 Scrum 的小團隊非常適合更高的學習目標。然而，他們也指出 Scrum 需要稍微修改以適應基於研究的產品生命週期的現實。特別是，每日 Scrums 是不可能的；相反，選擇每週活動。

The Scrum Team consisted of the researchers, supervisors, and sometimes other parties such as participants in studies, teachers, academic officials and subject matter experts. When reading these case studies, one gets an idea how Scrum may be adapted to the research industry.
Scrum 團隊由研究人員、主管，有時還有其他各方組成，例如研究參與者、教師、學術官員和主題專家。當閱讀這些案例研究時，人們會了解 Scrum 如何適應研究產業。

In 2016, Jeff Sutherland made the following statement:
2016 年，傑夫‧薩瑟蘭發表了以下聲明：

"Many of the leading research labs in the U.S. use Scrum. The one I have worked with most often is the John's Hopkins Applied Physics Lab, the leading Naval research lab. Their research plan is their backlog. They map it out like an AI tree. Time boxing the research stories gets them done twice as fast. And the quality of the research is much higher with daily meetings."
「美國許多領先的研究實驗室都使用Scrum。我最常合作的實驗室是約翰霍普金斯大學應用物理實驗室，這是領先的海軍研究實驗室。他們的研究計畫就是他們的積壓工作。

So these case studies along with confirmation from the co-author of Scrum is very encouraging. I am currently working on some other examples of the way we can apply Scrum to research-based projects, including my own personal story, so stay tuned for that in the future.
因此，這些案例研究以及 Scrum 合著者的證實非常令人鼓舞。我目前正在研究如何將 Scrum 應用於基於研究的專案的其他一些範例，包括我自己的個人故事，所以請在未來繼續關注。

References:  參考：

1. Pearson, M., Kruzela, I., Allder, K. and Johansson, P. (2012) On the use of Scrum in Projecrt Driven
1. Pearson, M.、Kruzela, I.、Allder, K. 和 Johansson, P. (2012) 關於 Scrum 在專案驅動中的使用
Hight Education. A research paper presented to the Department of Psychology, Lund University,
高等教育。提交給隆德大學心理系的研究論文，
Sweden. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio
瑞典。可從：https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio
/267690193_On_the_Use_of_Scrum_in_Project_Driven_Higher_Education

2. Sanchez, J. (2016) On the use of Scrum for the management of research-based projects. Nuevas
2. Sanchez, J. (2016) 關於使用 Scrum 管理研究專案。新瓦斯
Ideas en Informatica Educativa. Volumen 12, pp.589-594. Available from: http://www.tise.c
Informatica Educativa 的想法。第 12 卷，第 589-594 頁。可從：http://www.tise.c
/volumen12/TISE2016/589-594.pdf

3. Sutherland, J. (2016) Do you know of research teams adapting Agile frameworks and/or Design
3. Sutherland, J. (2016) 你知道有研究團隊採用敏捷框架和/或設計嗎
Thinking techniques for managing research projects? Quora. Available from: https://www.quora.co
管理研究計畫的思考技巧？科拉。可從：https://www.quora.co
/Do-you-know-of-research-teams-adapting-Agile-frameworks-scrum-kanban-XP-etc-and-or-Design
/你知道研究團隊適應敏捷框架scrum看板XP等和或設計嗎
Thinking-techniques-for-managing-research-projects
管理研究計畫的思維技術
 

Thank you for your interest in the Scrumptious blog. If you have any ideas for Scrum topics, please message me here. Until next time, remember, projects can be Scrumptious!
感謝您對Scrum ptious 部落格的興趣。如果您對 Scrum 主題有任何想法，請在這裡給我留言。下次見，請記住，項目可能會很精彩！