Mooring winches 系泊绞车

Mooring winches secure the shipboard end of mooring lines, provide for adjustment of the mooring line length and compensate for changes in draft and tide. General requirements for shipboard mooring winches are dealt within ISO Standards 3730 and 7825.
系泊绞车固定系泊缆绳的船载端，用于调整系泊缆绳长度，并补偿吃水和潮汐的变化。船上系泊绞车的一般要求在 ISO 标准 3730 和 7825 中处理。

Winches can be categorised by their control type (automatic or manual tensioning), drive type (steam, hydraulic or electric), by the number of drums associated with each drive, by the type of drums (split, undivided) and by their brake type and brake application (band, disc, mechanical screw, spring applied).
绞车可以按其控制类型（自动或手动张紧）、驱动类型（蒸汽、液压或电动）、与每个驱动器相关的卷筒数量、卷筒类型（分体式、未分体式）以及其制动类型和制动应用（带式、圆盘式、机械螺杆、弹簧应用）进行分类。

- Automatic tension mooring winch, self-tension winch – Winches designed to heave-in automatically whenever the line tension falls below a certain pre-set value. Likewise, they pay out if the line tension exceeds a pre-set value. The use of the self-tension winches is not recommended except for mooring deployed at 90° to the ship axis.
- 自动张力系泊绞盘、自张力绞盘 – 绞盘设计为在缆绳张力低于某个预设值时自动收起。同样，如果线张力超过预设值，他们就会支付。不建议使用自张力绞车，除非系泊装置与船轴线成 90° 展开。

- Manual tension mooring winch  – Manual winch always requires a person to handle the controls for heaving or rendering.
- 手动张力系泊绞车  – 手动绞盘始终需要一个人来操作起伏或渲染的控制装置。

- Non-split drum mooring winch  – The undivided drum winches are commonly found on smaller ships. It is often difficult to spool and stow the wire on such a drum satisfactorily; when wires are handled directly off the drum, the final turns of the outer layer when under tension tend to bite into the lower layer. This could result in possible wire damage and difficulties when releasing the line. To reduce this problem, the winch with non-split drum should be placed at a sufficient distance from the fairlead to ensure that the wire can be properly spooled.
- 非分体式滚筒系泊绞车 – 未分体式滚筒绞盘常见于较小的船舶上。通常很难令人满意地将电线缠绕和存放在这样的滚筒上;当电线直接从滚筒上处理时，外层在张力下的最后一圈往往会咬到下层。这可能会导致可能的电线损坏和释放线路时遇到困难。为了减少这个问题，带有非分体式卷筒的绞盘应放置在与导缆线足够远的地方，以确保电线可以正确卷绕。

- Split drum mooring winch  – A winch with a drum divided by a notched flange into a tension section and a line storage section.
- 分体式滚筒系泊绞车  – 带有滚筒的绞盘，由带凹口的法兰分隔为张力部分和绳索存储部分。