Acta Biomaterialia 生物材料学报

Acta Biomaterialia is an international journal that publishes peer-reviewed original research reports, review papers and communications in the broadly defined field of biomaterials science. The emphasis of the journal is on the relationship between biomaterial structure and function at all length scales. The journal is committed to rapid peer-review and publication.
《生物材料学报》（Acta Biomaterialia）是一份国际期刊，刊登广义生物材料科学领域的同行评审原创研究报告、综述论文和通讯。该期刊的重点是所有长度尺度上生物材料结构与功能之间的关系。该期刊致力于快速同行评审和出版。

The scope of Acta Biomaterialia includes:
《生物材料学报》的范围包括

• Hypothesis-driven design of biomaterials
  假设驱动的生物材料设计

• Biomaterial surface science linking structure to biocompatibility, including protein adsorption and cellular interactions
  将结构与生物兼容性联系起来的生物材料表面科学，包括蛋白质吸附和细胞相互作用

• Biomaterial mechanical characterization and modeling at all scales
  各种尺度的生物材料力学表征和建模

• Molecular, statistical and other types of modeling applied to capture biomaterial behavior
  用于捕捉生物材料行为的分子、统计和其他类型建模

• Interactions of biological species with defined surfaces
  生物物种与限定表面的相互作用

• Combinatorial approaches to biomaterial development
  生物材料开发的组合方法

• Structural biology as it relates structure to function for biologically derived materials that have application as a medical material, or as it aids in understanding the biological response to biomaterials
  结构生物学，因为它关系到可用作医用材料的生物材料的结构与功能，或有助于了解生物材料的生物反应

• Methods for biomaterial characterization
  生物材料表征方法

• Processing of biomaterials to achieve specific functionality
  加工生物材料以实现特定功能

• Materials development for arrayed genomic and proteomic screening
  用于阵列基因组和蛋白质组筛选的材料开发

This journal has no page charges.
本刊不收取版面费。

You can use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Please check the relevant section in this Guide for Authors for more details. Please note, for the initial submission a single file can be submitted with figures, tables and captions inserted in the text in the appropriate places to assist referees with the review process. Separate source files will be required for final publication.
您可以使用此清单对投稿进行最后检查，然后再送交期刊审稿。请查看本《作者指南》中的相关章节，了解更多详情。请注意，初次投稿时可提交一个文件，并在文中适当位置插入图、表和标题，以协助审稿人进行审稿。最终出版时需要单独的源文件。

Please see our information on Ethics in publishing.
请参阅我们关于出版伦理的信息。

All animal experiments should comply with the ARRIVE guidelines and should be carried out in accordance with the U.K. Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act, 1986 and associated guidelines, EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments, or the National Institutes of Health guide for the care and use of Laboratory animals (NIH Publications No. 8023, revised 1978) and the authors should clearly indicate in the manuscript that such guidelines have been followed.
所有动物实验均应遵守ARRIVE指南，并应按照英国《1986年动物（科学程序）法》及相关指南、欧盟动物实验指令2010/63/EU或美国国立卫生研究院《实验动物的护理和使用指南》（NIH Publications No.

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors should complete the declaration of competing interest statement using this template and upload to the submission system at the Attach/Upload Files step. Note: Please do not convert the .docx template to another file type. Author signatures are not required. If there are no interests to declare, please choose the first option in the template. More information
所有作者必须披露与其他人或组织之间可能会不适当地影响（偏袒）其工作的任何财务和个人关系。潜在利益冲突的例子包括就业、咨询、股票所有权、酬金、有偿专家证词、专利申请/注册、赠款或其他资助。作者应使用此模板填写利益冲突声明，并在 "附加/上传文件 "步骤中上传到投稿系统。注意：请勿将 .docx 模板转换为其他文件类型。作者签名不是必需的。如果没有利益申报，请选择模板中的第一个选项。更多信息

Where authors use artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should:
当作者在写作过程中使用人工智能（AI）和人工智能辅助技术时，作者应当

• Only use these technologies to improve readability and language, not to replace key researcher tasks such as interpreting data or drawing scientific conclusions.
  只使用这些技术来提高可读性和语言表达能力，而不是取代研究人员的关键任务，如解释数据或得出科学结论。

• Apply the technology with human oversight and control, and carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased.
  在人工监督和控制下应用技术，并仔细审查和编辑结果，因为人工智能可能会产生听起来很权威的输出结果，但也可能是不正确、不完整或有偏见的。

• Not list AI and AI-assisted technologies as an author or co-author, or cite AI as an author.Authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that can only be attributed to and performed by humans, as outlined in Elsevier?s AI policy for authors.
  如Elsevier的人工智能作者政策所述，作者身份意味着只能由人类承担和完成的责任和任务。

• Disclose in their manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by following the instructions below. Once this disclosure is made in the manuscript file, a statement will appear in the published work. Please note that authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.
  按照以下说明在稿件中披露在写作过程中使用人工智能和人工智能辅助技术的情况。一旦在稿件文件中披露，发表的作品中将出现声明。请注意，作者对作品内容负有最终责任。

Disclosure instructions 披露说明

Authors must disclose the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by adding a statement at the end of their core manuscript file, before the References list. The statement should be placed in a new section entitled 'Declaration of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process'. Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication. This declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references etc. If there is nothing to disclose, there is no need to add a statement.
作者必须在其核心稿件文件末尾、参考文献列表之前添加一份声明，披露在写作过程中使用了人工智能和人工智能辅助技术。该声明应放在题为 "写作过程中人工智能和人工智能辅助技术的声明 "的新章节中。声明：在本作品的写作过程中，作者使用了[工具/服务名称]，目的是[原因]。使用该工具/服务后，作者对内容进行了必要的审阅和编辑，并对出版物的内容承担全部责任。 本声明不适用于使用基本工具检查语法、拼写和参考文献等。如果没有需要披露的内容，则无需添加声明。

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify compliance, your article may be checked by Crossref Similarity Check and other originality or duplicate checking software.
提交文章意味着所描述的工作以前未曾发表过（摘要、已发表的演讲或学术论文除外，更多信息请参阅"多重、多余或同时发表"），且未考虑在其他地方发表、该文章的发表得到了所有作者的同意，并得到了工作所在地主管机构的默许或明示同意；如果被接受，未经版权所有者的书面同意，该文章将不会以同样的形式、用英语或任何其他语言在其他地方发表，包括以电子形式发表。为核实是否符合要求，您的文章可能会通过 Crossref Similarity Check 和其他原创性或重复性检查软件进行检查。

Please note that preprints can be shared anywhere at any time, in line with Elsevier's sharing policy. Sharing your preprints e.g. on a preprint server will not count as prior publication (see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information).
请注意，根据爱思唯尔的共享政策，预印本可以随时随地共享。在预印本服务器上共享您的预印本等将不被视为事先发表（更多信息请参阅"多重、多余或同时发表"）。

In support of Open Science, this journal offers its authors a free preprint posting service. Preprints provide early registration and dissemination of your research, which facilitates early citations and collaboration.
为支持开放科学，本刊为作者提供免费的预印本发布服务。预印本为您的研究提供了早期注册和传播的机会，有利于早期引用和合作。

During submission to Editorial Manager, you can choose to release your manuscript publicly as a preprint on the preprint server SSRN once it enters peer-review with the journal. Your choice will have no effect on the editorial process or outcome with the journal. Please note that the corresponding author is expected to seek approval from all co-authors before agreeing to release the manuscript publicly on SSRN.
向《编辑经理》投稿时，您可以选择在稿件进入期刊同行评审后，将稿件作为预印本在预印本服务器SSRN上公开发布。您的选择不会影响期刊的编辑过程或结果。请注意，通讯作者在同意在SSRN上公开发布稿件之前，必须征得所有合著者的同意。

You will be notified via email when your preprint is posted online and a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is assigned. Your preprint will remain globally available free to read whether the journal accepts or rejects your manuscript.
当您的预印本在网上发布并分配了数字对象标识符 (DOI) 时，您将收到电子邮件通知。无论期刊接受还是拒绝您的稿件，您的预印本都可以在全球范围内免费阅读。

For more information about posting to SSRN, please consult the SSRN Terms of Use and FAQs.
有关在 SSRN 上发帖的更多信息，请查阅 SSRN 使用条款和 常见问题。

All authors must agree to this option before entering a yes response.
所有作者在输入 "是 "之前必须同意该选项。

Please note: posted preprints for this journal will appear in a dedicated journal-branded First Look space on SSRN.
请注意：为本期刊发布的预印本将出现在 SSRN 上一个专门的期刊品牌 First Look 空间中。

Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Content should make no assumptions about the beliefs or commitments of any reader; contain nothing which might imply that one individual is superior to another on the grounds of age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition; and use inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant culture and/or cultural assumptions. We advise to seek gender neutrality by using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." We recommend avoiding the use of descriptors that refer to personal attributes such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition unless they are relevant and valid. When coding terminology is used, we recommend to avoid offensive or exclusionary terms such as "master", "slave", "blacklist" and "whitelist". We suggest using alternatives that are more appropriate and (self-) explanatory such as "primary", "secondary", "blocklist" and "allowlist". These guidelines are meant as a point of reference to help identify appropriate language but are by no means exhaustive or definitive.
包容性语言承认多样性，表达对所有人的尊重，关注差异，促进机会平等。文章内容不应假设任何读者的信仰或承诺；不应包含任何可能暗示某个人因年龄、性别、种族、民族、文化、性取向、残疾或健康状况而优于另一个人的内容；并自始至终使用包容性语言。作者应确保文章不带偏见、成见、俚语，不提及主流文化和/或文化假设。我们建议尽可能使用复数名词（"临床医生、患者/客户"），避免使用 "他、她 "或 "他/她"，从而实现性别中立。我们建议避免使用涉及年龄、性别、种族、民族、文化、性取向、残疾或健康状况等个人属性的描述词，除非这些描述词相关且有效。在使用编码术语时，我们建议避免使用 "主人"、"奴隶"、"黑名单 "和 "白名单 "等冒犯性或排斥性术语。我们建议使用 "主"、"从"、"黑名单 "和 "白名单 "等更恰当和（自我）解释性更强的替代术语。这些指导原则可作为参考，帮助确定适当的用语，但绝不是详尽无遗或一成不变的。

Reporting guidance 报告指南

For research involving or pertaining to humans, animals or eukaryotic cells, investigators should integrate sex and gender-based analyses (SGBA) into their research design according to funder/sponsor requirements and best practices within a field. Authors should address the sex and/or gender dimensions of their research in their article. In cases where they cannot, they should discuss this as a limitation to their research's generalizability. Importantly, authors should explicitly state what definitions of sex and/or gender they are applying to enhance the precision, rigor and reproducibility of their research and to avoid ambiguity or conflation of terms and the constructs to which they refer (see Definitions section below). Authors can refer to the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines and the SAGER guidelines checklist. These offer systematic approaches to the use and editorial review of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, outcome reporting and research interpretation - however, please note there is no single, universally agreed-upon set of guidelines for defining sex and gender.
对于涉及人类、动物或真核细胞或与之相关的研究，研究人员应根据资助者/赞助者的要求和某一领域的最佳实践，将基于性和性别的分析（SGBA）纳入其研究设计中。作者应在文章中论述其研究的性和/或性别层面。如果无法解决，则应将其作为研究可推广性的限制因素加以讨论。重要的是，作者应明确说明他们所采用的性和/或性别定义，以提高研究的精确性、严谨性和可重复性，并避免术语及其所指结构的歧义或混淆（见下文 "定义 "部分）。作者可以参考 Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines 和 SAGER guidelines checklist 。这些指南提供了在研究设计、数据分析、结果报告和研究解释中使用性与性别信息并对其进行编辑审查的系统方法，但请注意，目前还没有一套单一的、普遍认同的性与性别定义指南。

Definitions 定义

Sex generally refers to a set of biological attributes that are associated with physical and physiological features (e.g., chromosomal genotype, hormonal levels, internal and external anatomy). A binary sex categorization (male/female) is usually designated at birth ("sex assigned at birth"), most often based solely on the visible external anatomy of a newborn. Gender generally refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors, and identities of women, men and gender-diverse people that occur in a historical and cultural context and may vary across societies and over time. Gender influences how people view themselves and each other, how they behave and interact and how power is distributed in society. Sex and gender are often incorrectly portrayed as binary (female/male or woman/man) and unchanging whereas these constructs actually exist along a spectrum and include additional sex categorizations and gender identities such as people who are intersex/have differences of sex development (DSD) or identify as non-binary. Moreover, the terms "sex" and "gender" can be ambiguous--thus it is important for authors to define the manner in which they are used. In addition to this definition guidance and the SAGER guidelines, the resources on this page offer further insight around sex and gender in research studies.
性别一般是指与身体和生理特征（如染色体基因型、荷尔蒙水平、内部和外部解剖结构）相关的一系列生物属性。二元性别分类（男性/女性）通常是在出生时指定的（"出生时分配的性别"），通常仅基于新生儿可见的外部解剖结构。性别一般是指在历史和文化背景下，女性、男性和不同性别人群的社会建构角色、行为和身份，这些角色、行为和身份在不同社会和不同时期可能会有所不同。性别影响着人们如何看待自己和对方，影响着他们的行为和互动方式，也影响着社会权力的分配。性和性别常常被错误地描述为二元（女性/男性或女人/男人）和不变的，而这些建构实际上是沿着一个谱系存在的，并包括额外的性别分类和性别认同，如双性人/有性发育差异（DSD）的人或认同为非二元的人。此外，"性 "和 "性别 "这两个术语可能会有歧义--因此，作者必须对其使用方式进行定义。除本定义指南和 SAGER 指南外，本页面上的资源还提供了有关研究中性和性别的更多见解。

For transparency, we require corresponding authors to provide co-author contributions to the manuscript using the relevant CRediT roles. The CRediT taxonomy includes 14 different roles describing each contributor's specific contribution to the scholarly output. The roles are: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; and Writing - review & editing. Note that not all roles may apply to every manuscript, and authors may have contributed through multiple roles. More details and an example.
为了提高透明度，我们要求通讯作者使用相关的CRediT角色来提供对稿件的合著贡献。CRediT分类法包括14种不同的角色，描述了每位作者对学术成果的具体贡献。这些角色是概念化；数据整理；正式分析；资金获取；调查；方法论；项目管理；资源；软件；监督；验证；可视化；角色/写作--原稿；以及写作--审阅和编辑。请注意，并非所有角色都适用于每篇稿件，作者可能通过多个角色做出贡献。更多详情和示例。

Authors are expected to consider carefully the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed.
作者应在投稿前仔细考虑作者名单和顺序，并在最初投稿时提供确切的作者名单。只有在稿件被录用之前，并经期刊编辑批准，方可增加、删除或重新排列作者姓名。如需更改作者姓名，编辑必须从通信作者处收到以下信息：(a) 更改作者姓名的原因；(b) 所有作者同意添加、删除或重新排列的书面确认（电子邮件或信件）。在增删作者的情况下，这包括被增删作者的确认。

Only in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum.
只有在特殊情况下，稿件被接受后，编辑才会考虑增加、删除或重新安排作者。在编辑考虑该请求期间，稿件将暂停发表。如果稿件已在在线期刊上发表，任何经编辑批准的请求都将导致更正。

If any potential conflicts of interest exist, please describe them under this heading at the end of the manuscript text before the References. See definition of "Conflict of Interest" above.
如果存在任何潜在的利益冲突，请在参考文献之前的稿件正文末尾的本标题下加以说明。参见上文 "利益冲突 "的定义。

This journal is part of our Article Transfer Service. This means that if the Editor feels your article is more suitable in one of our other participating journals, then you may be asked to consider transferring the article to one of those. If you agree, your article will be transferred automatically on your behalf with no need to reformat. Please note that your article will be reviewed again by the new journal. More information.
本刊是我们文章转移服务的一部分。这意味着，如果编辑认为您的文章更适合发表在我们的其他参与期刊上，那么您可能会被要求考虑将文章转移到这些期刊上。如果您同意，您的文章将自动转到其他期刊，无需重新格式化。请注意，新期刊将重新审核您的文章。更多信息。

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' (see more information on this). An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement.
文章一经录用，作者将被要求填写 "期刊出版协议"（参见更多相关信息）。我们将向通讯作者发送电子邮件，确认收到稿件以及 "期刊出版协议 "表格或该协议在线版本的链接。

Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases.
订户可复制目录或编制包括摘要在内的文章清单，供机构内部传阅。在机构外转售或分发以及所有其他衍生作品（包括汇编和翻译）均需获得出版商的许可。如果包含其他版权作品的节选，作者必须获得版权所有者的书面许可，并在文章中注明出处。爱思唯尔有预印表格供作者在这些情况下使用。

Author rights 作者权利

As an author you (or your employer or institution) have certain rights to reuse your work. More information.
作为作者，您（或您的雇主或机构）有权重复使用您的作品。更多信息。

You are requested to identify who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly describe the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement, it is recommended to state this.
请注明谁为研究和/或文章的撰写提供了资金支持，并简要说明赞助者（如有）在研究设计、数据收集、分析和解释、报告撰写以及文章发表决策中的作用。如果资助方没有参与，建议说明。

Please visit our Open Access page for more information about open access publishing in this journal.
请访问我们的开放存取页面，了解有关本期刊开放存取出版的更多信息。

Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who feel their English language manuscript may require editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English may wish to use the Language Editing service available from Elsevier's Language Services.
请用流利的英语撰写稿件（美式或英式用法均可，但不能混用）。如果作者认为自己的英文稿件可能需要编辑，以消除可能存在的语法或拼写错误，并符合正确的科学英语，可使用爱思唯尔语言服务部提供的语言编辑服务。

Our online submission system guides you stepwise through the process of entering your article details and uploading your files. We can accept text files in most standard word-processing formats but Microsoft Word is preferred. Alternatively, the initial submission can be in PDF format with figures, tables and captions inserted in the text in the appropriate places to assist referees with the review process. Upon finalizing your submission, the system converts your article files to a single PDF file used in the peer-review process. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, is sent by e-mail.
我们的在线投稿系统将指导您逐步完成输入文章详细信息和上传文件的过程。我们可以接受大多数标准文字处理格式的文本文件，但首选 Microsoft Word。另外，初次投稿可以是 PDF 格式，并在文中适当位置插入图、表和标题，以协助审稿人进行审稿。完成投稿后，系统会将文章文件转换成一个 PDF 文件，用于同行评审过程。所有通信，包括编辑决定通知和修改要求，均通过电子邮件发送。

Please submit your article via https://www.editorialmanager.com/actbio/default.aspx.
请通过 https://www.editorialmanager.com/actbio/default.aspx 提交您的文章。

Please submit the names and institutional e-mail addresses of several potential reviewers.
请提交几位潜在审稿人的姓名和机构电子邮件地址。

You should not suggest reviewers who are colleagues, or who have co-authored or collaborated with you during the last three years. Editors do not invite reviewers who have potential competing interests with the authors. Further, in order to provide a broad and balanced assessment of the work, and ensure scientific rigor, please suggest diverse candidate reviewers who are located in different countries/regions from the author group. Also consider other diversity attributes e.g. gender, race and ethnicity, career stage, etc. Finally, you should not include existing members of the journal's editorial team, of whom the journal are already aware.
您不应推荐同事或在过去三年中与您合著或合作过的审稿人。编辑不会邀请与作者有潜在利益冲突的审稿人。此外，为了对作品进行广泛而平衡的评估，并确保科学严谨性，请推荐与作者所在国家/地区不同的多元化候选审稿人。还要考虑其他多样性属性，如性别、种族和民族、职业阶段等。最后，您不应将期刊编辑团队的现有成员包括在内，因为期刊已经了解他们的情况。

Note: the editor decides whether or not to invite your suggested reviewers.
注意：编辑决定是否邀请您推荐的审稿人。

It is important that the file be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in single-column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the word processor's options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier. Note that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or not you embed your figures in the text. See also the section on Electronic artwork.
文件必须以所用文字处理器的本地格式保存。文本应采用单栏格式。文本排版应尽量简单。在处理文章时，大部分格式代码将被删除和替换。特别是，不要使用文字处理器的选项来为文本正名或连字符。但是，请使用粗体、斜体、下标、上标等。准备表格时，如果使用表格网格，则每个表格只使用一个网格，而不是每行一个网格。如果不使用网格，请使用制表符而不是空格来对齐各栏。电子文本的准备方式应与传统稿件非常相似（另见《爱思唯尔出版指南》）。请注意，无论您是否在正文中嵌入数字，都需要提供图、表和文本图形的源文件。另请参阅 "电子作品 "部分。

To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your word processor.
为避免不必要的错误，强烈建议您使用文字处理器的 "拼写检查 "和 "语法检查 "功能。

Papers submitted to Acta Biomaterialia, to be acceptable, must normally be fewer than 10 printed pages in length; as a rule of thumb, a paper of 20 double-spaced typescript pages, plus a typical number of figures (8 or so), reduces to 10 printed pages. Papers that are longer than 25 double-spaced typescript pages will likely be returned to the authors with a request that they be shortened before they are considered further. Shortening, almost always, is in the author's best interest: readers read short papers.
《生物材料学报》接受的论文长度通常必须少于 10 个印刷页；根据经验，一篇 20 页双倍行距的排版稿，加上一般数量的数字（8 个左右），可缩减为 10 个印刷页。超过 25 页双倍行距排版稿的论文很可能会被退还给作者，并要求他们在进一步审议之前缩短篇幅。缩短篇幅几乎总是符合作者的最佳利益：读者会阅读短小的论文。

Please ensure that your manuscript is paginated, as this will help both editors and reviewers to process it promptly.
请确保您的稿件标明页码，这将有助于编辑和审稿人及时处理稿件。

Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to "the text". Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.
将文章划分为定义明确并有编号的章节。小节应编号为 1.1（然后是 1.1.1、1.1.2、......）、1.2 等（摘要不包括在小节编号中）。内部交叉引用时也使用这种编号：不要只提及 "正文"。任何小节都可以有一个简短的标题。每个标题应独立成行。

State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
说明工作目标，提供充分的背景资料，避免详细的文献调查或成果摘要。

Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.
提供足够详细的信息，以便复制。已发表的方法应注明参考文献：只应描述相关的修改。

Studies Involving Animals or Humans When data from animal subjects are reported, institutional approval of the protocol is required and a statement should be included in the "Methods" section of the text that indicates compliance with the NIH Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals or other appropriate guidelines.
涉及动物或人类的研究 当报告来自动物受试者的数据时，要求获得机构批准，并应在正文的 "方法 "部分做出声明，说明符合美国国立卫生研究院的《实验动物的护理和使用指南》或其他适当的指南。

For human subject data, a statement must be added to the "Methods" section indicating that an institutional review committee approved the study (with the date of approval) and that the subjects provided informed consent.
对于人类受试者数据，必须在 "方法 "部分添加一项声明，说明机构审查委员会已批准该研究（并注明批准日期），且受试者已提供知情同意书。

A Theory section should extend, not repeat, the background to the article already dealt with in the Introduction and lay the foundation for further work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a practical development from a theoretical basis.
理论部分应扩展而不是重复导言中已涉及的文章背景，并为进一步的工作奠定基础。与此相反，计算部分是在理论基础上的实践发展。

Results should be clear and concise, in a section separate from the Discussion.
结果应简明扼要，与 "讨论 "分隔开来。

Careful statistical analysis must be performed and reported to support any statements regarding the existence of differences in study groups. Statistical support should underlie hypothesis testing. Error bars are required on all experimental and calculated data points. Please include a separate Statistical Methods section, suggested to be included as the final subsection of the methods, that includes an explanation regarding how the errors, differences, and confidence levels were determined, as well as what statistical test were conducted.
必须进行仔细的统计分析并提交报告，以支持任何有关研究组存在差异的声明。假设检验应基于统计支持。所有实验和计算数据点都需要误差条。请包含一个单独的 "统计方法 "部分（建议作为 "方法 "的最后一个小节），解释如何确定误差、差异和置信水平，以及进行了哪些统计检验。

This should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. Discussion should be reported independently from Results. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
讨论应探讨工作成果的意义，而不是重复这些成果。讨论应与结果分开报告。避免大量引用和讨论已发表的文献。

The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection at the end of the Discussion section.
研究的主要结论可在简短的 "结论 "部分提出，该部分可独立存在，也可作为 "讨 论 "部分末尾的一个小节。

If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.
如果附录不止一个，则应分别标为 A、B 等。附录中的公式和方程式应单独编号：公式(A.1)、公式(A.2)等；在随后的附录中，公式(B.1)等。表格和图表也是如此：表 A.1；图 A.1 等。

Title Page 标题页

Provide the following data on the title page (in the order given).
在扉页上提供以下数据（按给出的顺序）。

•Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations, formulae, and new trademarked product names where possible.
-标题。简明扼要，内容丰富。标题通常用于信息检索系统。尽可能避免使用缩写、公式和新商标产品名称。

•Author names and affiliations. Where the family name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicate this clearly. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name, and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.
作者姓名和单位。如果姓氏可能含糊不清（如重名），请清楚注明。在作者姓名下方注明作者单位地址（实际工作所在地）。在作者姓名后和相应地址前用小写上标字母标明所有单位。提供每个单位的详细邮政地址，包括国名，如果有的话，还要提供每位作者的电子邮件地址。

•Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address.
通讯作者。明确指出由谁在审稿和出版的各个阶段以及出版后处理来往信件。除电子邮件地址和完整的邮寄地址外，确保提供电话和传真号码（含国家和地区代码）。

•Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a "Present address" (or "Permanent address") may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
现地址/永久地址。如果作者在文章中描述的工作完成后搬家，或当时正在访问，可在作者姓名的脚注中注明 "现地址"（或 "永久地址"）。作者实际工作的地址必须保留，作为主要的隶属地址。此类脚注使用阿拉伯数字上标。

An abstract is required for all papers. The abstract should indicate the content of the paper, and should describe the main conclusions. An effective abstract is brief and normally less than 200 words. Abstracts must not exceed 250 words. References should be avoided, but if essential, they must be cited in full, without reference to the reference list.
所有论文均需提交摘要。摘要应说明论文的内容，并描述主要结论。有效的摘要应简短，一般不超过 200 字。摘要不得超过 250 字。应避免引用参考文献，但如果必须引用，则必须全文引用，而无需参考文献列表。

A graphical abstract (GA) is mandatory for this journal. It should summarize the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership online. Authors must provide images that clearly represent the work described in the article. GAs should be submitted as a separate file in the online submission system. The graphical abstract will be displayed in online search result lists and the Contents List, but will not appear in the published online article PDF or print.
本刊必须提供图解摘要（GA）。它应以简洁的图片形式概括文章内容，以吸引广大在线读者的注意。作者必须提供能清晰表现文章所述工作的图片。图形摘要应作为单独文件在在线投稿系统中提交。图形摘要将显示在在线搜索结果列表和目录列表中，但不会出现在已出版的在线文章 PDF 或印刷版中。

The GA is a visual representation of the written abstract, focusing on one process or makes one point clear. For ease of browsing, images should have a clear start and end, "reading" from left to right; reduce distracting and cluttering elements. See published work for helpful examples: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/acta-biomaterialia. However, specifications should be followed as in this Author Guide (see below).
GA 是书面摘要的直观呈现，侧重于一个过程或明确一个要点。为便于浏览，图片应有明确的起点和终点，从左到右 "阅读"；减少干扰和杂乱的元素。请参阅已发表的作品，了解有用的示例：https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/acta-biomaterialia。不过，应遵循本《作者指南》中的规范（见下文）。

Specifications: GAs should be in landscape direction with a H x W of 531 x 1328 pixels using a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. The font type should be Arial 10-16 points (smaller will not be legible). Preferred file types are TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. A graphical abstract should be one image file. Do not include the title and author names or affiliations.
规格：一般应为横向，高 x 宽为 531 x 1328 像素，分辨率至少为 300 dpi。字体应为 Arial 10-16 点（较小的字体将无法辨认）。首选文件类型为 TIFF、EPS、PDF 或 MS Office 文件。图形摘要应为一个图像文件。请勿包含标题、作者姓名或单位。

Immediately after the abstract, authors should list four to five keywords that appropriately represent the contents of their manuscripts.
在摘要之后，作者应立即列出四至五个适当代表稿件内容的关键词。

Define abbreviations and acronyms when they first appear in the article. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.
在文章中首次出现缩略语时对其进行定义。确保文章中缩写的一致性。

Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).
将致谢单独列在文章末尾参考文献之前，因此不要将其放在扉页、标题脚注或其他地方。在此列出在研究过程中提供帮助的人（如提供语言帮助、写作帮助或校对文章等）。

List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder's requirements:
以这种标准方式列出资金来源，以便于遵守资助方的要求：

Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].
资助：这项工作得到了美国国立卫生研究院[资助编号 xxxx、yyyy]、华盛顿州西雅图比尔及梅林达-盖茨基金会[资助编号 zzzz]和美国和平研究所[资助编号 aaaa]的支持。

It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other resources available to a university, college, or other research institution, submit the name of the institute or organization that provided the funding.
无需详细说明补助金和奖励的项目或类型。如果资金来自整笔拨款或大学、学院或其他研究机构可利用的其他资源，请提交提供资金的机构或组织的名称。

If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence:
如果没有为研究提供资金，建议加入以下句子：

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
这项研究没有得到公共、商业或非营利部门资助机构的任何专项拨款。

Please submit math equations as editable text and not as images. Present simple formulae in line with normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).
请将数学公式作为可编辑文本而非图像提交。在可能的情况下，请将简单的公式与普通文字放在一起，对于小数点后的项，如 X/Y，请使用实线（/）而不是横线。变量原则上用斜体表示。e 的幂通常用 exp 表示更方便。对于必须与正文分开显示的方程（如果在正文中明确提及），应连续编号。

Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors can build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and list the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.
应尽量少用脚注。脚注应在文章中连续编号。许多文字处理程序可以在正文中加入脚注，可以使用这一功能。否则，请标明脚注在正文中的位置，并在文章末尾单独列出脚注本身。请勿将脚注包含在参考文献列表中。

This section describes the artwork for this journal.
本节介绍本刊的艺术作品。

General points 一般要点

• Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
- 确保使用统一的字母和原稿尺寸。

• Embed the used fonts if the application provides that option.
- 如果应用程序提供了嵌入所用字体的选项，则嵌入该选项。

• Aim to use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, Symbol, or use fonts that look similar.
- 在插图中尽量使用以下字体：Arial、Courier、Times New Roman、Symbol，或使用外观相似的字体。

• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
- 根据插图在文中的顺序给插图编号。

• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
- 为图样文件使用合理的命名规范。

• Provide captions to illustrations separately.
- 为插图单独提供标题。

• Please assure scale bars are present and legible. In SEM images, please remove small automated scale bars and replace with new clear bars.
- 请确保刻度线清晰可辨。在扫描电子显微镜图像中，请移除小的自动刻度线，并用新的透明刻度线代替。

• Size the illustrations close to the desired dimensions of the printed version.
- 插图的尺寸应接近印刷版所需的尺寸。

• Submit each illustration as a separate file. Please note, for the initial submission a single file can be submitted with figures, tables and captions inserted in the text in the appropriate places to assist referees with the review process. Separate source files will be required for final publication.
- 将每幅插图作为单独文件提交。请注意，初次投稿时可提交一个文件，并在文中适当位置插入图、表和标题，以协助审稿人进行评审。最终出版时需要单独的源文件。

•Error bars are required on all experimental and calculated data points with an explanation in the text as to how the errors were determined. (See Statistics)
-要求在所有实验和计算数据点上标注误差条，并在文中解释误差是如何确定的。(参见统计）

A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available on our website:
有关电子艺术品的详细指南，请访问我们的网站：

https://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions

You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
请访问该网站；此处摘录了一些详细信息。

Formats 格式

If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Office application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) then please supply 'as is' in the native document format.
如果您的电子图样是在 Microsoft Office 应用程序（Word、PowerPoint、Excel）中创建的，则请以原始文档格式提供 "原样"。

Regardless of the application used other than Microsoft Office, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please 'Save as' or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
无论使用 Microsoft Office 以外的哪种应用程序，当您的电子图样最终完成后，请将图像 "另存为 "或转换为以下格式之一（请注意以下给出的线图、半色调和线/半色调组合的分辨率要求）：

EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings, embed all used fonts.
EPS （或 PDF）：矢量图，嵌入所有使用的字体。

TIFF (or JPEG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones), keep to a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF（或 JPEG）：彩色或灰度照片（半色调），最小分辨率为 300 dpi。

TIFF (or JPEG): Bitmapped (pure black & white pixels) line drawings, keep to a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF（或 JPEG）：位图（纯黑白像素）线条图，最小分辨率为 1000 dpi。

TIFF (or JPEG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale), keep to a minimum of 500 dpi.
TIFF（或 JPEG）：位图线/半色调（彩色或灰度）组合，最小分辨率为 500 dpi。

Please do not: 请不要这样做：

• Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); these typically have a low number of pixels and limited set of colors;
- 提供为屏幕使用而优化的文件（如 GIF、BMP、PICT、WPG）；这些文件通常像素较低，颜色有限；

• Supply files that are too low in resolution;
- 提供分辨率过低的文件；

• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
- 提交与内容不成比例的大图。

Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF), or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color online (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for color: in print or online only. Further information on the preparation of electronic artwork.
请确保图样文件采用可接受的格式（TIFF（或 JPEG）、EPS（或 PDF）或 MS Office 文件），并具有正确的分辨率。如果您在提交录用文章的同时还提交了可用的彩色插图，爱思唯尔将免费确保这些插图以彩色出现在网络上（如ScienceDirect和其他网站），无论这些插图是否以彩色出现在印刷版中。对于印刷版的彩色复制，您将在收到录用文章后收到爱思唯尔提供的费用信息。请注明您对彩色的偏好：印刷版或仅在线版。有关准备电子稿件的更多信息。

Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.
确保每幅插图都有标题。单独提供标题，不要附在图后。标题应包括简短的标题（不在图上）和插图说明。尽量减少插图中的文字，但要解释所用的所有符号和缩写。

Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please avoid using vertical rules and shading in table cells.
请将表格作为可编辑文本而非图片提交。表格可以放在文章相关文字的旁边，也可以放在文章末尾的单独一页上。请根据表格在文中的位置连续编号，并将表格注释放在表格正文下方。尽量少用表格，并确保表格中的数据与文章中其他地方描述的结果不重复。请避免在表格单元格中使用垂直规则和阴影。

All references to other papers, books, etc. must be given at the end of the paper. They should be numbered in sequence starting at the beginning of the paper. The numbers (in brackets) should appear in the text at the appropriate places.
所有对其他论文、书籍等的参考文献必须放在论文末尾。参考文献应从论文开头开始依次编号。编号（括号内）应出现在正文的适当位置。

Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either "Unpublished results" or "Personal communication". Citation of a reference as "in press" implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
请确保正文中引用的所有参考文献也出现在参考文献列表中（反之亦然）。摘要中引用的任何参考文献必须全文列出。未发表的成果和个人通信不建议列入参考文献列表，但可在正文中提及。如果参考文献列表中包含这些参考文献，则应遵循期刊的标准参考文献样式，并用 "未发表的结果 "或 "个人通信 "代替发表日期。将参考文献引用为 "in press "意味着该项目已被接受发表。

Archival references are preferred, but if web references must be used, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given.
最好使用档案参考文献，但如果必须使用网络参考文献，则应提供完整的 URL 和参考文献的最后访问日期。还应提供任何已知的进一步信息（DOI、作者姓名、日期、来源出版物的参考文献等）。

This journal encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. Data references should include the following elements: author name(s), dataset title, data repository, version (where available), year, and global persistent identifier. Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly identify it as a data reference. The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.
本刊鼓励您在稿件中引用基础数据集或相关数据集，方法是在正文中引用这些数据集，并在参考文献列表中列出数据参考文献。数据参考文献应包括以下要素：作者姓名、数据集标题、数据存储库、版本（如有）、年份和全球持久性标识符。在参考文献前添加 [数据集]，以便我们将其正确识别为数据参考文献。数据集]标识符不会出现在您发表的文章中。

Where a preprint has subsequently become available as a peer-reviewed publication, the formal publication should be used as the reference. If there are preprints that are central to your work or that cover crucial developments in the topic, but are not yet formally published, these may be referenced. Preprints should be clearly marked as such, for example by including the word preprint, or the name of the preprint server, as part of the reference. The preprint DOI should also be provided.
如果预印本后来成为同行评议出版物，则应将正式出版物作为参考文献。如果预印本对您的工作非常重要，或涵盖了该主题的重要发展，但尚未正式出版，则可以参考这些预印本。预印本应明确标注，例如将预印本一词或预印本服务器名称作为参考文献的一部分。还应提供预印本的 DOI。

Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.
请确保在清单（以及正文中的任何引用）中引用同一特刊中的其他文章时，添加 "本期 "字样。

Most Elsevier journals have their reference template available in many of the most popular reference management software products. These include all products that support Citation Style Language styles, such as Mendeley. Using citation plug-ins from these products, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article, after which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted in the journal's style. If no template is yet available for this journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations as shown in this Guide. If you use reference management software, please ensure that you remove all field codes before submitting the electronic manuscript. More information on how to remove field codes from different reference management software.
大多数爱思唯尔期刊的参考文献模板可在许多最流行的参考文献管理软件产品中使用。其中包括所有支持引文风格语言的产品，如门德里。使用这些产品的引文插件，作者只需在准备文章时选择相应的期刊模板，之后引文和参考书目就会自动按照期刊的样式格式化。如果该期刊尚未提供模板，请按照本指南中的参考文献和引文示例格式进行排版。如果您使用参考文献管理软件，请确保在提交电子稿件前删除所有字段代码。有关如何从不同参考文献管理软件中删除字段代码的更多信息。

Text: Indicate references by number(s) in square brackets in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.
正文：用方括号内的编号标明参考文献，与正文保持一致。可以提及实际作者，但必须始终给出参考文献编号。

Example: '..... as demonstrated [3,6]. Barnaby and Jones [8] obtained a different result ....'
示例：'.....，如所示[3,6]。Barnaby 和 Jones [8] 得到了不同的结果 ....'

List: Number the references (numbers in square brackets) in the list in the order in which they appear in the text. Please include all author names. Please include article titles of all cited articles as in the following examples.
列表：按照参考文献在文中出现的顺序在列表中编号（方括号中的数字）。请包括所有作者姓名。请包含所有引用文章的标题，如以下示例。

Examples: 例如

Reference to a journal publication:
参考期刊出版物：

[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, The art of writing a scientific article, J. Sci. Commun. 163 (2010) 51–59.
[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, The art of writing a scientific article, J. Sci. Commun.163 (2010) 51-59.

Reference to a book: 参考一本书：

[2] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, fourth ed., Longman, New York, 2000.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
参考编辑书籍中的一章：

[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 2009, pp. 281–304.
[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in. B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc：B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 2009, pp.

[dataset] [4] M. Oguro, S. Imahiro, S. Saito, T. Nakashizuka, Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions, Mendeley Data, v1, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.
[dataset] [4] M. Oguro, S. Imahiro, S. Saito, T. Nakashizuka, 日本栎枯萎病死亡率数据及周边森林构成，Mendeley Data, v1, 2015.http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.

A LaTEX bibliography style and article template file can be downloaded from this page:
可从本页下载 LaTEX 书目样式和文章模板文件：

https://www.elsevier.com/authors/author-schemas/latex-instructions

Journal names should be abbreviated according to the List of Title Word Abbreviations.
期刊名称应根据标题词缩写表缩写。

Elsevier accepts video material and animation sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these within the body of the article. This can be done in the same way as a figure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should be placed. All submitted files should be properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video file's content. In order to ensure that your video or animation material is directly usable, please provide the file in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 150 MB per file, 1 GB in total. Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a separate image. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For more detailed instructions please visit our video instruction pages. Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the print version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.
爱思唯尔接受视频材料和动画序列，以支持和加强您的科学研究。强烈建议有视频或动画文件的作者在提交文章时在正文中加入这些文件的链接。具体方法与图或表相同，只需提及视频或动画内容，并在正文中注明其位置即可。所有提交的文件都应适当标注，以便与视频文件的内容直接相关。为确保您的视频或动画材料可直接使用，请以我们推荐的文件格式之一提供文件，每个文件的大小最好不超过 150 MB，总大小不超过 1 GB。提供的视频和动画文件将在爱思唯尔网络产品（包括ScienceDirect）的电子版文章中在线发布。请随文件提供 "剧照"：您可以选择视频或动画中的任意一帧，也可以制作单独的图像。这些图片将代替标准图标，并将个性化链接到您的视频数据。有关更详细的说明，请访问我们的视频说明页面。注意：由于视频和动画不能嵌入期刊的印刷版中，因此请为电子版和印刷版中涉及到这些内容的文章部分提供文本。

For ease of download, the recommended upper limit for the size of a single video/animation file is 50 MB. When the size of a single file is bigger than this, some users may experience problems when downloading.
为便于下载，建议单个视频/动画文件的大小上限为 50 MB。当单个文件大小超过此上限时，部分用户在下载时可能会遇到问题。

Authors are now required to submit a brief statement about the significance of their research, which should be written to a broad audience at an undergraduate level, and limited to 120 words. These statements will be peer-reviewed alongside the article and should hence be included in the initial submission. This Statement of Significance should be prepared to address (1) the novelty and significance of the work with respect to the existing literature, and (2) the scientific impact and interest to our readership.
现在要求作者提交一份关于其研究意义的简短声明，声明应面向广大本科生读者，字数限制在 120 字以内。这些声明将与文章一起接受同行评审，因此应包含在首次提交的文章中。撰写 "意义声明 "时应注意：(1) 与现有文献相比，研究工作的新颖性和意义；(2) 对读者的科学影响和兴趣。

Include interactive data visualizations in your publication and let your readers interact and engage more closely with your research. Follow the instructions here to find out about available data visualization options and how to include them with your article.
在您的出版物中加入交互式数据可视化，让您的读者与您的研究进行更密切的互动和参与。请按照此处的说明了解可用的数据可视化选项以及如何将其纳入您的文章。

Supplementary material such as applications, images and sound clips, can be published with your article to enhance it. Submitted supplementary items are published exactly as they are received (Excel or PowerPoint files will appear as such online). Please submit your material together with the article and supply a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary file. If you wish to make changes to supplementary material during any stage of the process, please make sure to provide an updated file. Do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please switch off the 'Track Changes' option in Microsoft Office files as these will appear in the published version.
应用软件、图像和声音剪辑等补充材料可与文章一起发表，以增强文章的效果。所提交的补充材料将按收到时的原样发表（Excel 或 PowerPoint 文件将按原样在网上显示）。请将材料与文章一起提交，并为每个补充文件提供简明扼要的说明性标题。如果您希望在任何阶段对补充材料进行修改，请务必提供更新文件。不要在以前的版本上标注任何更正。请关闭 Microsoft Office 文件中的 "跟踪更改 "选项，因为这些更改将出现在发表的版本中。

This journal encourages and enables you to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles. Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings, which may also include software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.
本刊鼓励并允许您共享支持您的研究成果的数据，并允许您将数据与您已发表的文章相互链接。研究数据是指验证研究成果的观察或实验结果，也可能包括与项目有关的软件、代码、模型、算法、协议、方法和其他有用材料。

Below are a number of ways in which you can associate data with your article or make a statement about the availability of your data when submitting your manuscript. If you are sharing data in one of these ways, you are encouraged to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list. Please refer to the "References" section for more information about data citation. For more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials, visit the research data page.
您可以通过以下几种方式将数据与文章相关联，或在投稿时声明数据的可用性。如果您以上述方式共享数据，我们鼓励您在稿件和参考文献列表中引用数据。有关数据引用的更多信息，请参阅 "参考文献 "部分。有关存放、共享和使用研究数据及其他相关研究资料的更多信息，请访问研究数据页面。

If you have made your research data available in a data repository, you can link your article directly to the dataset. Elsevier collaborates with a number of repositories to link articles on ScienceDirect with relevant repositories, giving readers access to underlying data that gives them a better understanding of the research described.
如果您在数据存储库中提供了研究数据，您可以将文章直接链接到数据集。爱思唯尔与许多资料库合作，将 ScienceDirect 上的文章与相关资料库链接起来，让读者可以访问基础数据，从而更好地了解所描述的研究。

There are different ways to link your datasets to your article. When available, you can directly link your dataset to your article by providing the relevant information in the submission system. For more information, visit the database linking page.
将数据集链接到文章的方法有很多种。如果有的话，您可以在投稿系统中提供相关信息，直接将数据集链接到您的文章。更多信息，请访问数据库链接页面。

For supported data repositories a repository banner will automatically appear next to your published article on ScienceDirect.
对于受支持的数据资源库，您在 ScienceDirect 上发表的文章旁边会自动出现一个资源库横幅。

In addition, you can link to relevant data or entities through identifiers within the text of your manuscript, using the following format: Database: xxxx (e.g., TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC: 734053; PDB: 1XFN).
此外，您还可以通过稿件正文中的标识符链接到相关数据或实体，格式如下：数据库：xxxx（例如，TAIR：AT1G01020；CCDC：734053；PDB：1XFN）。

This journal supports Mendeley Data, enabling you to deposit any research data (including raw and processed data, video, code, software, algorithms, protocols, and methods) associated with your manuscript in a free-to-use, open access repository. Before submitting your article, you can deposit the relevant datasets to Mendeley Data. Please include the DOI of the deposited dataset(s) in your main manuscript file. The datasets will be listed and directly accessible to readers next to your published article online.
本刊支持 Mendeley Data，您可以将与稿件相关的任何研究数据（包括原始数据和处理过的数据、视频、代码、软件、算法、协议和方法）存入免费开放的数据库。在提交文章之前，您可以将相关数据集存入Mendeley Data。请在您的主要稿件文件中注明所存放数据集的 DOI。数据集将列在您在线发表的文章旁边，读者可以直接访问。

For more information, visit the Mendeley Data for journals page.
更多信息，请访问Mendeley期刊数据页面。

To foster transparency, we encourage you to state the availability of your data in your submission. This may be a requirement of your funding body or institution. If your data is unavailable to access or unsuitable to post, you will have the opportunity to indicate why during the submission process, for example by stating that the research data is confidential. The statement will appear with your published article on ScienceDirect. For more information, visit the Data Statement page.
为了提高透明度，我们鼓励您在提交的论文中说明数据的可用性。这可能是您的资助机构或院校的要求。如果您的数据无法访问或不适合发布，您将有机会在提交过程中说明原因，例如说明研究数据是保密的。该声明将与您在 ScienceDirect 上发表的文章一起出现。更多信息，请访问数据声明页面。

To ensure a fast publication process of the article, we kindly ask authors to provide us with their proof corrections within two days. Corresponding authors will receive an e-mail with a link to our online proofing system, allowing annotation and correction of proofs online. The environment is similar to MS Word: in addition to editing text, you can also comment on figures/tables and answer questions from the Copy Editor. Web-based proofing provides a faster and less error-prone process by allowing you to directly type your corrections, eliminating the potential introduction of errors.
为确保文章快速发表，我们恳请作者在两天内向我们提供校样更正。通讯作者将收到一封电子邮件，内含我们在线校对系统的链接，可在线注释和修改校样。该系统的使用环境类似于 MS Word：除了编辑文本外，您还可以对图/表进行批注，并回答校对编辑提出的问题。网络校样允许您直接键入更正内容，消除了可能出现的错误，从而提供了一个更快、更不易出错的过程。

If preferred, you can still choose to annotate and upload your edits on the PDF version. All instructions for proofing will be given in the e-mail we send to authors, including alternative methods to the online version and PDF.
如果愿意，您仍然可以选择在 PDF 版本上添加注释和上传编辑内容。我们将在发给作者的电子邮件中提供所有校对说明，包括在线版和 PDF 版的替代方法。

We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent back to us in one communication. Please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.
我们将尽一切努力使您的文章快速、准确地发表。请将此校样仅用于检查文字、表格和数字的排版、编辑、完整性和正确性。对已接受发表的文章进行重大修改，只有在获得编辑许可的情况下，才会在此阶段予以考虑。重要的是，要确保将所有修改意见一次性反馈给我们。请在回复前仔细核对，因为我们无法保证后续更正都会被收录。校对工作完全由您负责。

The corresponding author will, at no cost, receive a customized Share Link providing 50 days free access to the final published version of the article on ScienceDirect. The Share Link can be used for sharing the article via any communication channel, including email and social media. For an extra charge, paper offprints can be ordered via the offprint order form which is sent once the article is accepted for publication. Corresponding authors who have published their article gold open access do not receive a Share Link as their final published version of the article is available open access on ScienceDirect and can be shared through the article DOI link.
通讯作者将免费获得定制的共享链接，可在ScienceDirect上免费访问文章的最终出版版本50天。共享链接可用于通过任何通信渠道（包括电子邮件和社交媒体）共享文章。如果需要额外收费，您还可以在文章被接受发表后，通过寄送的非印刷版订购单订购纸质非印刷版。通讯作者如果已发表了金牌开放存取文章，则不会收到 "共享链接"，因为他们最终发表的文章版本可在 ScienceDirect 上以开放存取方式获取，并可通过文章 DOI 链接进行共享。

Visit the Elsevier Support Center to find the answers you need.  Here you will find everything from Frequently Asked Questions to ways to get in touch.
访问爱思唯尔支持中心，找到您需要的答案。 从常见问题到联系方式，这里应有尽有。

You can also check the status of your submitted article or find out when your accepted article will be published.
您还可以查看您提交的文章的状态或了解您被录用的文章何时发表。