这是用户在 2024-12-19 10:19 为 https://app.immersivetranslate.com/word/ 保存的双语快照页面,由 沉浸式翻译 提供双语支持。了解如何保存?

Name:

 

 Class:

 

 Date:

 


Chapter 05: Improving Your Writing Style

1. As long as you use correct grammar, punctuation, and spelling in your business writing, you will be able to communicate your meaning.
1. 只要你在商务写作中使用正确的语法、标点符号和拼写,你就能传达你的意思。

2. Style consists of the way your message is expressed, including the effectiveness of the words, sentences, paragraphs, and tone.
2. 风格包括您的信息的表达方式,包括单词、句子、段落和语气的有效性。

3. Elements of written communication such as spelling, abbreviations, and punctuation are known as mechanics.
3. 书面交流的元素,如拼写、缩写和标点符号,被称为机制。

4. Slang is an informal expression, often short-lived, that is identified with a specific group of people.
4. 俚语是一种非正式的表达,通常是短暂的,它被认定为特定的人群。

5. A writer using the phrase "thinking outside of the box" would be admired for fresh, original thinking.
5. 使用“跳出框框思考”一词的作家会因新鲜、原创的思维而受到钦佩。

6. Completeness is the most important attribute of a business message, as it is the basis of the writer's credibility.
6. 完整性是商业信息最重要的属性,因为它是作者可信度的基础。

7. Your written message will be clearer if it is accurate, makes use of familiar words, and avoids the use of dangling expressions.
7. 如果准确,使用熟悉的词语,避免使用悬空的表达方式,您的书面信息会更清晰。

8. Any message that omits key information is not accurate.
8. 任何遗漏关键信息的消息都是不准确的。

9. A misplaced modifier is one common type of dangling expression.
9. 错位修饰符是一种常见的悬空表达类型。

10. To be sure your message is understood, use as much specific jargon as possible when communicating with people outside your organization.
10. 为确保您的信息被理解,在与组织外部的人员交流时,请尽可能使用具体的行话。

11. Effective business writers select words to impress their readers by evoking a reaction such as excitement, anger, or amusement.
11. 有效的商业作家会选择词语,通过引起兴奋、愤怒或娱乐等反应来给读者留下深刻印象。

12. Instead of using a vague word such as "substantial," it is better to use a more specific description, such as "140 miles."
12. 与其使用“实质性”等模糊的词不如使用更具体的描述,例如“140 英里”。

13. Concrete language is effective only if it is sufficiently emotionally charged to stimulate a response.
13. 具体语言只有在具有足够的情感色彩以激发反应时才有效。

14. Rather than eliminating long words from your business communication, use them in moderation when appropriate.
14. 与其从您的业务沟通中删除长词,不如在适当的时候适度使用它们。

15. You can best help readers grasp your meaning by using old, familiar clichés rather than fresh, original language.
15. 你可以最好地通过使用旧的、熟悉的陈词滥调而不是新鲜的原创语言来帮助读者理解你的意思。

16. A cliché is a phrase that has been used for so long that it is not considered original.
16. 陈词滥调是一个已经使用了很长时间以至于不被认为是原创的短语。

17. Effective communicators avoid slang in business writing because it does not represent standard word usage.
17. 有效的沟通者在商务写作中避免使用俚语,因为它不代表标准的单词用法。

18. Because slang words are in use for long periods, people who read business documents that are several years old should have no problem understanding them.
18. 因为俚语使用时间很长,所以阅读几年前的商业文件的人应该可以毫无问题地理解它们。

19. Using buzzwords in business writing is a good way to show your familiarity with issues and trends in contemporary media.
19. 在商务写作中使用流行语是表明您对当代媒体问题和趋势的熟悉程度的好方法。

20. Readers will see your writing as falsely trying to impress if you add the ending "-ize" to transform nouns into verbs (such as "agenda" into "agendize")
20. 如果你添加结尾 “-ize” 将名词转换为动词(例如将 “agenda” 转换为 “agendize”) ,读者会认为你的作品是虚假的试图给人留下深刻印象
.

21. Redundancy is an ineffective method of repeating and reinforcing an idea that you expressed earlier in your message.
21. 冗余是一种无效的方法,可以重复和强化您之前在信息中表达的想法。

22. Businesspeople value redundancy in messages because they need more data on which to base their decisions.
22. 商人重视消息中的冗余,因为他们需要更多的数据来作为决策的基础。

23. By substituting a single word for a phrase, you can improve the pace of communication.
23. 通过用一个词代替一个短语,您可以提高沟通速度。

24. Hidden verbs weaken sentences because they do not emphasize the main action.
24. 隐藏动词削弱句子,因为它们不强调主要动作。

25. The phrase "made a payment" contains an expletive.
25. 短语“made a payment”包含咒骂。

26. An expletive at the beginning of a sentence can make the subject of the sentence unclear.
26. 句子开头的脏话会使句子的主语不清楚。

27. In some messages, you can save space by stating information and substituting clauses for adjectives or adverbs.
27. 在某些消息中,您可以通过陈述信息和用从句代替形容词或副词来节省空间。

28. A sentence that consists of one independent clause that cannot stand alone as a complete thought is a simple sentence.
28. 由一个不能单独作为一个完整思想的独立从句组成的句子是一个简单的句子。

29. The three basic sentence types are compound-complex, complex, and simple.
29. 三种基本句子类型是 compound-complex、complex 和 simple。

30. When you want to give equal weight to two closely related ideas in a single sentence, use a compound sentence.
30. 当你想在一个句子中对两个密切相关的想法给予同等的权重时,请使用复合句。

31. The first clause in a compound sentence receives more emphasis than the second, independent clause.
31. 复合句中的第一个子句比第二个独立子句更受重视。

32. The independent clause of a complex sentence should contain the supplemental information.
32. 复杂句的独立从句应包含补充信息。

33. You can keep your business writing interesting and express relationships between ideas by varying the pattern and length of your sentences.
33. 您可以通过改变句子的模式和长度来保持您的业务写作有趣并表达想法之间的关系。

34. An effective business message includes sentences that range from 22 to 32 words in length.
34. 有效的商业信息包括长度从 22 到 32 个单词不等的句子。

35. The passive voice focuses attention on the entity receiving the action rather than performing the action.
35. 被动语态将注意力集中在接受动作的实体上 ,而不是执行动作。

36. When you use the active voice, you are emphasizing the doer rather than the receiver of the action in that sentence.
36. 当你使用主动语态时,你强调的是该句子中行动的执行者而不是行动的接受者。

37. You should use active-voice verbs to convey negative news tactfully or to reduce emphasis on the doer of the action.
37. 你应该使用主动语态动词来巧妙地传达负面新闻,或者减少对行动执行者的强调。

38. Repeating a particular word in several sentences within a paragraph highlights separate ideas and demonstrates parallelism.
38. 在一个段落中的几个句子中重复一个特定的词可以突出不同的想法并展示平行性。

39. A sentence lacks parallelism if similar ideas are expressed using different grammatical structures.
39. 如果使用不同的语法结构表达相似的想法,则句子缺乏平行性。

40. The purpose of parallel structure is to link ideas and add a pleasing rhythm to sentences and paragraphs, which enhances coherence.
40. 平行结构的目的是将思想联系起来,并为句子和段落添加令人愉悦的节奏,从而增强连贯性。

41. By matching nouns with nouns and adjectives with adjectives, you can achieve parallel structure.
41. 通过将名词与名词匹配,将形容词与形容词匹配,可以实现平行结构。

42. "Our school is buying both pens and pencils for students' use" is a sentence with proper parallel structure.
42. “我们学校正在购买钢笔和铅笔供学生使用”是一个具有适当平行结构的句子。

43. To summarize a paragraph's content, you should position your topic sentence at the end.
43. 要总结一个段落的内容,你应该把你的主题句放在最后。

44. The purpose of a paragraph is to group topic sentences in logical order for the reader's convenience.
44. 段落的目的是为了方便读者,按逻辑顺序对主题句进行分组。

45. Including examples or more analysis in a paragraph helps you develop the main idea.
45. 在一个段落中包含示例或更多分析有助于您发展主要思想。

46. Effective writing avoids both redundancy and repetition.
46. 有效的写作既避免了冗余,也避免了重复。

47. A paragraph lacks unity when it contains sentences or details that are not directly related to the topic.
47. 当一个段落包含与主题没有直接关系的句子或细节时,它缺乏统一性。

48. When each sentence flows smoothly from the sentence before it and connects smoothly to the sentence after it, the resulting paragraph has coherence.
48. 当每个句子都从前一句流畅地流淌并顺利地连接到后面的句子时,生成的段落就具有连贯性。

49. You can signal a change in direction within a paragraph by starting a new sentence to introduce an additional topic.
49. 您可以通过开始一个新句子来引入另一个主题,以表示段落中方向的变化。

50. The transitional word "nevertheless" shows a contrasting relationship.
50. 过渡词“尽管如此”表示一种对比关系。

51. The transitional word "finally" indicates a summary or conclusion.
51. 过渡词“最后”表示总结或结论。

52. Pronouns can bind sentences and ideas together to create a more coherent paragraph.
52. 代词可以将句子和想法结合在一起,以创建一个更连贯的段落。

53. To achieve coherence, effective writers use different terms for the same idea, such as "manager" and "supervisor."
53. 为了实现连贯性,有效的作家对同一个想法使用不同的术语,例如“经理”和“主管”。

54. The appropriate length of a paragraph depends on the organization's requirements, not on the reader's comprehension level.
54. 段落的适当长度取决于组织的要求,而不是读者的理解水平。

55. Paragraphs provide readers with a physical break, keeping your message from looking either boring and too simplistic or intimidatingly complex.
55. 段落为读者提供了一个身体上的休息时间,让你的信息看起来不会很无聊、过于简单或复杂得令人生畏。

56. One reason to control paragraph length is to avoid obscuring a key idea that appears in one of the middle paragraphs.
56. 控制段落长度的一个原因是避免模糊出现在中间段落之一的关键思想。

57. A series of short paragraphs can weaken coherence by obscuring underlying relationships.
57. 一系列短段落会通过模糊潜在的关系来削弱连贯性。

58. Business writers aim for paragraphs that are 60 to 80 words long, with three or four sentences supporting a single topic sentence.
58. 商业作家的目标是段落长度为 60 到 80 字,其中三到四个句子支持一个主题句。

59. To sound confident, effective writers often use the phrase "I know that" in front of key assertions.
59. 为了听起来自信,有效的作家经常在关键断言前使用“我知道”这句话。

60. Effective business communicators use a confident, competent tone in their messages but avoid sounding arrogant.
60. 有效的商业沟通者在他们的信息中使用自信、称职的语气,但避免听起来傲慢。

61. Readers may think you are unsure of yourself if you use self-conscious phrases such as "I hope" in your messages.
61. 如果您在消息中使用“我希望”等自我意识短语,读者可能会认为您对自己没有把握。

62. Believing that your decision is based on sound reasoning increases your risk of writing with less confidence.
62. 相信你的决定是基于合理的推理会增加你写作时信心不足的风险。

63. Writing "I am certain that you will agree" in a business letter conveys an appropriate level of confidence.
63. 在商业信函中写下“我确定你会同意”传达了适当的信心。

64. Using platitudes will give readers the sense that you have a condescending attitude.
64. 使用陈词滥调会让读者觉得你有一种居高临下的态度。

65. Adapting your language to the reader's needs helps you convey an appropriately condescending attitude.
65. 根据读者的需求调整你的语言有助于你传达一种适当的居高临下的态度。

66. Obvious flattery detracts from the sincerity of your message.
66. 明显的奉承会减损你信息的诚意。

67. One way to avoid exaggeration and sound more sincere is to use only an appropriate number of modifiers.
67. 避免夸大其词和听起来更真诚的一种方法是只使用适当数量的修饰语。

68. The statement "I am amazed that you filled in the form correctly" has a courteous tone.
68. “我很惊讶你正确填写了表格”这句话语气彬彬有礼。

69. Effective communicators do not signal which of the ideas in a message are the most important because readers should be encouraged to draw their own conclusions.
69. 有效的沟通者不会表明信息中的哪些想法是最重要的,因为应该鼓励读者得出自己的结论。

70. Putting an idea in a short, simple sentence emphasizes its importance.
70. 用简短的句子表达一个想法可以强调它的重要性。

71. You can emphasize an idea by putting it into the first or last paragraph.
71. 您可以通过将一个想法放在第一段或最后一段来强调它。

72. To avoid influencing readers' attitudes toward an idea, you should imply but not actually say that it is of "primary importance."
72. 为避免影响读者对某个想法的态度,您应该暗示但实际上说它是“首要重要”的。

73. You are acting ethically if you imply but do not state that an idea is much more important than it is.
73. 如果您暗示但不说明一个想法比它本身重要得多,那么您的行为是合乎道德的。

74. Using words such as "deny" and "cannot" helps you make a positive impression on your audience.
74. 使用“拒绝”和“不能”等词可以帮助您给观众留下积极的印象。

75. Using positive expressions helps you build goodwill among audience members.
75. 使用积极的表达方式有助于您在观众中建立善意。

76. To build goodwill in a business letter, use neutral expressions such as "cannot" and "will not."
76. 要在商业信函中建立商誉,请使用中性表达,例如“cannot”和“will not”。

77. When writing a letter to a customer, emphasize what your organization can do rather than what it cannot do.
77. 给客户写信时,强调您的组织可以做什么,而不是不能做什么。

78. When your message emphasizes how you, as the writer, will benefit, you are applying the "you" attitude.
78. 当你的信息强调你作为作者将如何受益时,你就是在应用“你”的态度。

79. You look selfish if your message focuses only on what the reader will get from doing what you request in your message.
79. 如果你的信息只关注读者从你信息中要求的事情中得到什么,你就会显得自私。

80. Because emails are short and informal, writers using this channel may begin most sentences with "I."
80. 由于电子邮件简短且非正式,使用此渠道的作者可能会以“I”开头的大多数句子。

81. Using the passive voice when discussing a reader's mistake is often appropriate.
81. 在讨论读者的错误时使用被动语态通常是合适的。

82. A competent communicator frequently uses the word you, regardless of whether positive or negative news is conveyed.
82. 一个称职的沟通者经常使用“你”这个词,无论传达的是正面还是负面的消息。

83. Parallel structure is essential in report headings, but less important on bulleted lists on presentation slides.
83. 平行结构在报告标题中是必不可少的,但在演示幻灯片上的项目符号列表中则不那么重要。

84. All else being equal, an idea with more space devoted to it will be judged as more important than an idea covered more briefly.
84. 在其他条件相同的情况下,一个用更多篇幅来讨论的思想将被认为比一个更简短地讨论的思想更重要。

85. Writers should ask themselves "What's in it for me?" and then write so that the answer is obvious.
85. 作家应该问自己“这对我有什么好处”,然后写作,这样答案就显而易见了。

86. Techniques for creating paragraph coherence include using transitional words, using pronouns, and repeating key words.
86. 创建段落连贯性的技巧包括使用过渡词、使用代词和重复关键词。

87. Identify the sentence that contains specific, concrete language.
87. 确定包含具体、具体语言的句子。

88. Style consists of:
88. 风格包括:

89. Mechanics include which of the following?
89. 机制包括以下哪一项?

90. Which of the following is a good guideline for writing clearly?
90. 以下哪项是清晰的写作的良好指南?

91. Your message is inaccurate if you:
91. 如果您符合以下条件,您的信息将不准确:

92. Which sentence effectively uses words that are familiar to businesspeople?
92. 哪个句子有效地使用了商人熟悉的词?

93. Short and simple words help business writers:
93. 简短的词语帮助商业作家:

94. Long words are appropriate when:
94. 在以下情况下,长词是合适的:

95. By using short, simple words, you:
95. 通过使用简短的词语,您可以:

96. Which of the following is true of short and simple words?
96. 以下哪一项适用于简短的词语?

97. Which statement contains a dangling expression?
97. 哪个语句包含悬空表情?

98. If you use clichés in your business writing, you:
98. 如果你在商业写作中使用陈词滥调,你:

99. Which statement about jargon is correct?
99. 关于行话的哪项陈述是正确的?

100. Which of the following is a "buzzword"?
100. 以下哪项是“流行语”?

101. The phrase "came to an agreement" is an example of:
101. “达成协议”一词是以下短语的一个例子:

102. The phrase "there is" is an example of:
102. 短语“there is”是一个例子:

103. What does an expletive do?
103. 脏话有什么作用?

104. What type of sentence is often used to emphasize a single idea?
104. 什么类型的句子经常用来强调一个想法?

105. Which of these is a compound sentence?
105. 以下哪一个是复合句?

106. To provide additional, but subordinate, information, place it in:
106. 要提供附加但次要的信息,请将其放在:

107. The point of sentence variety is to:
107. 句子变化的要点是:

108. Which sentence illustrates appropriate use of the active voice?
108. 哪句话说明了主动语态的适当使用?

109. Which of the following is true of a sentence written in the active voice?
109. 以下哪一项是用主动语态写的句子是正确的?

110. Which of the following is true of a sentence written in the passive voice?
110. 以下哪一项是用被动语态写的句子是正确的?

111. Which sentence lacks parallelism?
111. 哪个句子缺乏平行性?

112. When you use parallelism, you match:
112. 当您使用并行度时,您将匹配:

113. Which of the following sentences is a good example of parallel structure?
113. 以下哪句话是平行结构的好例子?

114. When all your sentences work together to develop a single idea, the result is:
114. 当你所有的句子一起工作以发展一个想法时,结果是:

115. A paragraph has coherence when each sentence:
115. 当每个句子都符合以下条件时,段落具有连贯性:

116. Which of the following is true of a unified paragraph?
116. 以下哪一项是关于统一段落的?

117. Three ways to achieve coherence are to use:
117. 实现连贯性的三种方法是使用:

118. Which of the following sentence pairs contains a transitional phrase that detracts from coherence?
118. 以下哪一对句子包含有损连贯性的过渡短语?

119. Which transition reflects a cause-and-effect relationship?
119. 哪种转变反映了因果关系?

120. If your paragraphs are excessively long, you may:
120. 如果您的段落过长,您可以:

121. If your paragraphs are extremely short, you may:
121. 如果您的段落非常短,您可以:

122. Logically, a paragraph should:
122. 从逻辑上讲,一个段落应该:

123. A paragraph is a visual unit because it:
123. 段落是一个视觉单位,因为它:

124. Your message will have a confident tone if you:
124. 如果您满足以下条件,您的信息将具有自信的语气:

125. Which sentence displays a confident writing style?
125. 哪句话表现出自信的写作风格?

126. Which guideline about confident writing is correct?
126. 关于自信写作的哪个准则是正确的?

127. What is a platitude?
127. 什么是陈词滥调?

128. Which of the following is a good example of courteous, sincere writing?
128. 以下哪项是礼貌、真诚写作的好例子?

129. To give the statement "Our company is obsessed with ensuring the complete and total satisfaction of every customer" a more sincere and courteous tone, which of the following would you choose?
129. 要让“我们公司致力于确保每个客户的完全满意”这句话更加真诚和礼貌,您会选择以下哪一项?

130. If you use too many modifiers or too strong modifiers in your writing, you:
130. 如果你在写作中使用太多或太强的修饰语,你会:

131. To emphasize an idea in a document, you can:
131. 要在文档中强调某个想法,您可以:

132. Active voice is a good way to emphasize:
132. 主动语态是强调以下几点的好方法:

133. Assume you have five sentences in a paragraph. Which sentence receives the most emphasis?
133. 假设你在一个段落中有五个句子。哪句话最 受重视?

134. Which strategy best emphasizes an idea?
134. 哪种策略最强调一个想法?

135. You can subordinate an idea by:
135. 您可以通过以下方式使一个想法从属:

136. Which sentence includes only positive language?
136. 哪个句子只包含肯定的语言?

137. Two expressions that carry negative connotations are:
137. 带有负面含义的两种表达方式是:

138. Identify the sentence that best reflects the "you" attitude.
138. 找出最能反映“你”态度的句子。

139. You should avoid focusing attention on the reader when you:
139. 在以下情况下,应避免将注意力集中在读者身上:

140. Which of the following sentences should be rewritten so it does not focus on the reader?
140. 以下哪句话应该改写,使其不以读者为中心?

141. Which of the following is the least likely to be considered an unethical message?
141. 以下哪项最 不可能被视为不道德的信息?

142. Using longer, more complex words in the place of shorter words that mean the same thing:
142. 使用较长、更复杂的词来代替表示相同事物的较短词:

143. Using a similar grammatical structure for similar ideas is called:
143. 对类似的想法使用类似的语法结构称为:

144. The aspect of a verb that shows whether the subject of the sentence acts or is acted upon is known as what?
144. 动词中表示句子的主语是 acts 还是 acting upon 的方面被称为 what?

145. Which of the following sentences contains a hidden verb that weakens the action?
145. 以下哪句包含削弱动作的隐藏动词?

146. Explain what is meant by style and briefly describe some elements of style.
146. 解释 style 的含义,并简要描述 style 的一些要素。

147. Revise the following sentences to conform to standard business communication principles. Add appropriate details as needed to complete the ideas and explain the error that you corrected.
147. 修改以下句子以符合标准商务沟通原则。根据需要添加适当的详细信息以完成这些想法并解释您更正的错误。

a.
一个。

Please call Mr. Becker to confirm his February 30 appointment.
请致电 Becker 先生以确认他 2 月 30 日的预约。

b.

After reviewing the sales reports, errors were corrected.
在查看销售报告后,错误得到了纠正。

c.

Bob needs to confirm the budget with Daniel, but he is out of town until next week.
鲍勃需要与丹尼尔确认预算,但他要到下周才出城。

148. In addition to accuracy, name four other guidelines for writing clearly. Provide an example of each.
148. 除了准确性之外,还要清楚地列出其他四项写作指南。请提供每个示例。

149. Explain how omission of information and choice of words can affect the accuracy of a message.
149. 解释省略信息和选择词语如何影响信息的准确性。

150. Substitute a shorter word for each of the following: (a) enumerate, (b) recapitulate, (c) utilization, and (d) modification. Use each substitute word correctly in a sentence.
150. 一个较短的词代替以下各项:(a) 列举,(b) 概括,(c) 利用,以及 (d) 修改。 在句子中正确使用每个替代词。

151. Revise the following sentences to conform to standard business communication principles. Add appropriate details as needed to complete the ideas.
151. 修改以下句子以符合标准商务沟通原则。根据需要添加适当的详细信息以完成这些想法。

a.
一个。

After extensive recapitulation, the committee implemented a substantial modification in the company.
经过广泛的总结,委员会对公司进行了重大改造。

b.

The researcher should endeavor to measure how much the two groups deviate from each other on indispensable characteristics.
研究人员应努力衡量两组在不可或缺的特征上彼此偏离的程度。

c.

The results of Cynthia's research are indispensable to the victorious completion of the communication project.
Cynthia 的研究成果对于通信项目的胜利完成是必不可少的。

152. Define (a) clichés, (b) slang, and (c) buzzwords. Why should they typically be avoided in business communication?
152. 定义 (a) 陈词滥调,(b) 俚语,和 (c) 流行语。为什么在商务沟通中通常应该避免使用它们?

153. What is the difference between redundancy and repetition? Provide an example of each.
153. 冗余和重复有什么区别?请提供每个示例。

154. Identify the wordy expressions and redundancies in the following sentence: "Each and every manager is of the opinion that we must reduce expenses in order to increase revenue." Rewrite the sentence to eliminate them.
154. 找出以下句子中的冗长表达和冗余:“每个经理都认为我们必须减少开支才能增加收入。重写句子以消除它们。

155. What is a hidden verb? Why should you avoid hidden verbs? Give an example of a hidden verb and an appropriate revision.
155. 什么是隐藏动词?为什么要避免使用隐藏的动词?举一个隐藏动词的例子和一个适当的修订。

156. What is an expletive? Why should you avoid expletives in business writing?
156. 什么是脏话?为什么你应该在商务写作中避免脏话?

157. Revise the following sentences to conform to standard business communication principles. Add appropriate details as needed to complete the ideas, and explain why you made the changes you did.
157. 修改以下句子以符合标准商务沟通原则。根据需要添加适当的详细信息以完成这些想法,并解释您所做的更改的原因。

a.
一个。

I would like to take this opportunity to thank you for your participation in our focus group last week.
我想借此机会感谢你们参加上周的焦点小组。

b.

During the year 2011, the Smith Corporation bought a new building for the amount of $15 million.
2011 年,史密斯公司以 1500 万美元的价格购买了一座新大楼。

c.

If we do not plan ahead for national security, past history will repeat itself again with severe consequences.
如果我们不提前规划国家安全,过去的历史将再次重演,并带来严重后果。

d.

Each and every customer receives a free gift when opening a checking account.
每个客户在开设支票账户时都会收到一份免费礼物。

e.

The new sick-leave policy was implemented due to the fact that several employees were abusing the privilege.
新的病假政策的实施是由于几名员工滥用了这一特权。

f.

In the event that the customer makes a payment in the amount of $500, the company will not report her to a credit agency.
如果客户支付了 500 美元,公司将不会向信用机构报告她。

g.

We held a meeting yesterday so Terry could make a demonstration of the new computer system.
我们昨天举行了一次会议,以便 Terry 可以演示新的计算机系统。

h.

After the dean made an analysis of the college's budget, the department chairs came to an agreement on how to decrease expenditures.
在院长对学院的预算进行了分析后,系主任就如何减少支出达成了协议。

i.
我。

There are fewer than 500 people who are admitted to the nursing program per year.
每年只有不到 500 人被护理课程录取。

158. What are the three main types of sentences? Explain the level of emphasis achieved in each type.
158. 句子的三种主要类型是什么?解释每种类型所达到的重点级别。

159. Write a compound sentence from this sentence: "Halvor analyzed the data that Victoria gathered."
159. 从这句话中写出一个复合句:“Halvor analyzed the data that Victoria collected.”

160. Combine the following two sentences into one sentence that subordinates the cost of the computer: "The computer system costs $3,850. Its efficiency will improve data entry productivity."
160. 将以下两个句子合并为一个句子,使计算机的成本从属:“计算机系统成本 3,850 美元。它的效率将提高数据输入效率。

161. Explain when the active voice is preferred and when the passive voice is preferred in business communication. Provide one effective example of each voice.
161. 解释在商务沟通中何时首选主动语态,何时首选被动语态。提供每种声音的一个有效示例。

162. Rewrite the following sentence using the active voice: "The manuscript was proofread by an English major."
162. 使用主动语态重写以下句子:“The manuscript was proofread by an English major.”

163. Rewrite the following sentence using the active voice: "A new product line will be introduced by the Fireball team next week."
163. 使用主动语态重写以下句子:“下周 Fireball 团队将推出一条新的产品线。

164. Rewrite the following sentence using the passive voice: "Your failure to submit the report on time delayed the project."
164. 使用被动语态重写以下句子:“您未能按时提交报告耽误了项目。

165. Rewrite the following sentences using parallel structure:
165. 使用平行结构重写以下句子:

a.
一个。

The intern is efficient and pays attention to details.
实习生效率高,注重细节。

b.

The new system accepts data entry, processes customer orders, and it can prepare financial statements.
新系统接受数据输入,处理客户订单,并且可以准备财务报表。

c.

The student either should study for the major test or accept an undesirable grade on the test.
学生要么应该为专业考试而学习,要么在考试中接受不理想的成绩。

d.

The board recommends either selling the home appliance division to a competitor or creation of an independent subsidiary.
董事会建议将家用电器部门出售给竞争对手或成立独立子公司。

e.

Gabriel is not only capable of writing a formal report but also a snappy tweet.
Gabriel 不仅能够写一份正式的报告,而且还能写一条活泼的推文。

166. Rearrange the sentences in the following paragraph to achieve paragraph unity.
166. 重新排列以下段落中的句子以实现段落统一。

[1] The primary objective is to prepare the class schedule for the next semester. [2] If time permits, faculty will review scholarship applications. [3] The Information Systems Department will meet at 1:00 p.m. on Thursday. [4] In addition to preparing the class schedule, faculty will be assigned particular sections.
[1] 主要目标是准备下学期的课程表。[2] 如果时间允许,教师将审查奖学金申请。[3] 信息系统部门将于周四下午 1:00 开会。[4] 除了准备课程表外,教师将被分配特定的部分。

167. Insert transitional words and phrases in the following paragraph to achieve coherence.
167. 在以下段落中插入过渡词和短语以实现连贯性。

Jayla has two years' experience in advertising. Madalyn has six years' experience in advertising. Jayla's experience involved a national advertising campaign; Madalyn's experience is limited to a small region. Madalyn's limited regional experience should be evaluated for quality and effectiveness. Jayla has made some influential connections with her work in New York. The search committee will have a difficult time deciding which job applicant to hire.
Jayla 有两年的广告经验。Madalyn 拥有六年的广告经验。Jayla 的经历涉及全国性广告活动;Madalyn 的经验仅限于一个小区域。应评估 Madalyn 有限的区域经验的质量和有效性。Jayla 与她在纽约的工作建立了一些有影响力的联系。遴选委员会将很难决定雇用哪个求职者。

168. Why are paragraphs that are too long or too short ineffective in business writing?
168. 为什么太长或太短的段落在商务写作中无效?

169. How can you achieve a confident writing style?
169. 如何打造自信的写作风格?

170. Discuss the following communication principle: "Use a courteous and sincere tone." Explain how to achieve this tone and what to avoid. Include examples to illustrate your discussion.
170. 讨论以下沟通原则:“使用礼貌和真诚的语气。解释如何实现这种语气以及应该避免什么。包括示例以说明您的讨论。

171. Describe the levels of emphasis conveyed by (a) a simple sentence, (b) a compound sentence, and (c) a complex sentence.
171. 描述 (a) 简单句、(b) 复合句和 (c) 复杂句所传达的强调级别。

172. List five of the strategies for emphasizing ideas.
172. 列出强调思想的五个策略。

173. Discuss the following principle: "Prefer positive language." Specifically, what are the general assumptions and guidelines? What words should you avoid?
173. 讨论以下原则:“首选积极的语言。具体来说,一般假设和准则是什么?你应该避免使用哪些词语?

174. Revise the following sentences to conform to standard business communication principles. Add appropriate details as needed to complete the ideas.
174. 修改以下句子以符合标准商务沟通原则。根据需要添加适当的详细信息以完成这些想法。

a.
一个。

There is no reason for the manager to criticize the intern's performance.
经理没有理由批评实习生的表现。

b.

The warranty does not cover labor charges.
保修不包括人工费用。

c.

Your account will be delinquent if you do not pay the amount owed by March 1.
如果您在 3 月 1 日之前未支付所欠金额,您的帐户将拖欠。

d.

Our company is unable to contribute to your charitable organization.
我们公司无法为您的慈善组织捐款。

175. What is the "you" attitude? What are the major principles of the "you" attitude?
175. “你”的态度是什么?“你”态度的主要原则是什么?

176. In what situations should you not focus attention on the reader?
176. 在什么情况下,您不应该 将注意力集中在读者身上?

177. Revise these sentences to conform to standard business communication principles. Add details as needed.
177. 修改这些句子以符合标准的商务沟通原则。根据需要添加详细信息。

a.
一个。

If you want to order a copy of the training video, call 1-800-555-1234.
如果您想订购培训视频的副本,请致电 1-800-555-1234。

b.

I hope that my analogies help you understand the hierarchical structure of a file server.
我希望我的类比可以帮助您理解文件服务器的层次结构。

c.

Perhaps you would like to try the facial cream for a 30-day trial period. You might be pleased with the results.
也许您想试用 30 天的面霜。您可能会对结果感到满意。

d.

I realize that you are a busy account executive, but we would appreciate your completing this questionnaire.
我知道您是一位忙碌的客户经理,但感谢您完成此问卷。

e.

I know that my qualifications are worthy of an interview.
我知道我的资历值得面试。

f.

Customers like you are this company's most valuable asset.
像您这样的客户是这家公司最宝贵的资产。

g.

Surely you realize that our business cannot exist if you do not pay your bills on time.
您肯定意识到,如果您不按时支付账单,我们的业务就无法存在。

h.

I am very surprised that you did not think you would win the election for student body president.
我非常惊讶你没有想到你会赢得学生会主席的选举。

i.
我。

 The well-written report was prepared by the new assistant. (Emphasize the doer of the action.)
这份写得很好的报告是由新助理准备的。(强调行动的执行者。

j. 

 The female supervisor will discuss the dress code for male assistants.
女主管将讨论男助理的着装要求。

k.

 We need more manpower to get the project done on time.
我们需要更多的人力来按时完成项目。

l.

 Businesswomen like the extended mall hours during the holiday season.
女商人喜欢在假日期间延长商场营业时间。

m.

 Mr. Johnson and Emily Warden will attend the board meeting.
Johnson 先生和 Emily Warden 将参加董事会会议。

n. 

 Each restaurant waiter and waitress must purchase his or her own attire.
每个餐厅服务员都必须购买自己的服装。

o.

 Each student must submit his report by the end of the month.
每个学生必须在月底之前提交他的报告。

p.

 The plaintiff's 60-year-old Hispanic attorney is known for winning cases.
原告 60 岁的西班牙裔律师以赢得官司而闻名。

q.

 The snack machine gypped me out of my money.
零食机把我的钱骗走了。

r.

 Tess and Zachary, two young secretaries, are great proofreaders.
Tess 和 Zachary 这两位年轻的秘书是出色的校对员。

s.

 I mailed the money order on Monday.
我在星期一邮寄了汇票。

t.

 We have already budgeted money for another charity.
我们已经为另一个慈善机构预算了资金。

u.

 You failed to indicate the number of dependents on the tax form.
您未能在税表上注明被抚养人的数量。

v.

 You need more evidence to support your claim.
您需要更多证据来支持您的索赔。

178. Assume you are comparing the following features of two computer systems. Write a sentence that emphasizes the best feature of each system. Then write a sentence that compares the two systems in terms of memory. Finally, write a sentence comparing them in terms of capacity and stating that the lower hard-drive space is sufficient for your needs.
178. 假设您正在比较两个计算机系统的以下功能。写一个句子,强调每个系统的最佳功能。然后写一个句子,在内存方面比较这两个系统。最后,写一句话,在容量方面比较它们,并说明较低的硬盘空间足以满足您的需求。

 

Feature
特征

21st Century
21世纪

Wizard
巫师

Hard drive
硬盘

40.5 GB
40.5 吉字节

35 GB
35 吉字节

Cost
成本

$2,850

$2,500

RAM (memory)
RAM(内存)

64 MB
64 兆字节

64 MB
64 兆字节

Monitor size
显示器尺寸

15"

19"

179. Words like "mistake," "failure," "damage," "refuse," and "deny" carry negative connotations and should be avoided when possible.
179. “错误”、“失败”、“损害”、“拒绝”和“否认”等词语带有负面含义,应尽可能避免使用。