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Getting the motor spinning sensorlessly – eMobility
让电机无传感器旋转 – eMobility

Table of Contents 目录

  1. Introduction 介绍
  2. Warnings 警告
  3. Tools required 所需工具
  4. Required system information
    所需的系统信息
  5. Wiring the controller 控制器接线
  6. Back-up your default parameter file
    备份默认参数文件
  7. Setting up the system voltage
    设置系统电压
  8. Configuring the motor profile
    配置电机配置文件
  9. Autotuning the motor 自动调谐电机
  10. Next steps 后续步骤
  11. Troubleshooting 故障 排除

1 – Introduction 1 – 简介

On this page, we will set up your eMobility controller (BAC355, BAC555, and BAC855) to be able to control your motor sensorlessly. To do this we will be connecting your controller to power, your programming device and your motor.
在此页面上,我们将设置您的电动汽车控制器(BAC355、BAC555 和 BAC855),以便能够无传感器控制您的电机。为此,我们将把您的控制器连接到电源、编程设备和电机。

These simple instructions are to show you how to get around the different Software, PC and Mobile BACDoor™.
这些简单的说明旨在向您展示如何绕过不同的软件、PC 和移动 BACDoor™。

2 – Warnings 2 – 警告

ATTENTION – Indicates a step or procedure required before proceeding to the next step or page.
注意 – 指示在继续下一步或页面之前所需的步骤或过程。

CAUTION – Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which may result in minor injury or product damage.
注意 – 表示可能导致轻伤或产品损坏的潜在危险情况。

WARNING – Indicates a Hazardous situation which if not avoided will result in serious injury/death to person(s) or damage to product and/or equipment.
警告 – 表示危险情况,如果不避免,将导致人员严重受伤/死亡或产品和/或设备损坏。

TIP – Indicates a helpful Tip to make things easier and faster.
提示 – 表示有用的提示,使事情变得更容易、更快捷。

3 – Tools required
3 – 所需工具

  • Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) as required(e.g. Safety glasses, gloves, etc.)
    根据需要提供适当的个人防护装备(PPE)(例如安全眼镜、手套等)
  • Standard mechanics tools (e.g. wrenches, screwdrivers)
    标准机械工具(如扳手、螺丝刀)
  • Vehicle stand, or motor stand to securely support the vehicle or motor drive wheel off the ground for testing (e.g. Bike stand, jack stands, etc.)
    车辆支架或电机支架,用于将车辆或电机驱动轮牢固地支撑离地进行测试(例如自行车支架、千斤顶支架等)
  • Crimper for supplied Bullet Connectors
    用于随附子弹头连接器的压接机
    • TE Application Tooling 58433-3 or equivalent
      TE 应用工具 58433-3 或同等产品
  • Crimper for JST Connectors (if required)
    用于JST连接器的压接器(如果需要)
    • JST Sales America Inc. WC-244 or equivalent
      JST Sales America Inc. WC-244 或同等产品
  • ASI BACDoor software ASI BACDoor软件

4 – Required system information
4 – 所需的系统信息

Prior to installing your new controller, the following information will need to be gathered:
在安装新控制器之前,需要收集以下信息:

Table 1 – Required system information
表1 – 所需的系统信息

#DETAILVALUEWHERE TO FIND 在哪里可以找到
1Rated system voltage [V]
额定系统电压 [V]
 Battery OEM Specifications
电池OEM规格
2Rated motor current [A]
额定电机电流 [A]
 Motor OEM Specifications 电机OEM规格
3Rated motor speed [rpm]
额定电机转速 [rpm]
 Motor OEM Specifications 电机OEM规格
4Rated motor power [W]
额定电机功率 [W]
 Motor OEM Specifications 电机OEM规格
5Motor position sensor type?
电机位置传感器类型?
 Motor OEM Specifications (Hall based or Sensorless)
电机 OEM 规格(基于霍尔或无传感器)
6# of Motor pole pairs
# 电机极对
 Motor OEM Specifications 电机OEM规格
7Motor output gear ratio
电机输出传动比
 Motor OEM Specifications 电机OEM规格

This information will be required to set up the motor and system profile in the BACDoor™ software. If you do not have these values, please contact your motor supplier to obtain this information.
在 BACDoor™ 软件中设置电机和系统配置文件时需要此信息。如果您没有这些值,请联系您的电机供应商以获取此信息。

The Rated system voltage is the nominal voltage of the battery in DC Volts.
额定系统电压是电池的标称电压,单位为直流伏特。

The Rated motor current is the peak motor current on the sine wave (AC).
额定电机电流是正弦波 (AC) 上的峰值电机电流。

The Rated motor speed is the motor’s actual shaft speed. If geared, the OEM specification sheet may list the motors output speed only, this is not it. For example, a geared motor is rated as 400 rpm output, and the gear ratio is 3. The rated motor speed is the “motor speed” x Gear ratio; 400 rpm x 3 = 1200 rpm.
额定电机转速是电机的实际轴转速。如果齿轮传动,OEM 规格表可能仅列出电机输出速度,但事实并非如此。例如,减速电机的额定输出为 400 rpm,传动比为 3。额定电机转速为“电机转速”×齿轮比;400 转/分 x 3 = 1200 转/分。

Rated motor power is the peak motor power. If only the nominal power is provided, this value may need to be inflated to account for losses, etc. For example, a motor rated to 250W may need to be entered as a 350W to get the 250W nominal power output.
额定电机功率是电机的峰值功率。如果仅提供标称功率,则可能需要夸大此值以考虑损失等。例如,额定功率为 250W 的电机可能需要输入为 350W 才能获得 250W 的标称功率输出。

TIP – Set your Rated motor power to rated system voltage multiplied by your batteries peak rated current output or lower to avoid damaging your battery or tripping your batteries BMS.
提示 – 将额定电机功率设置为额定系统电压乘以电池峰值额定电流输出或更低,以避免损坏电池或使电池 BMS 跳闸。

The Motor position sensor type is important should your motor be sensored, for example, hall based. If your motor is sensored, additional steps will be taken to set it up accordingly. See getting the motor spinning sensored. Note whether your motor is hall-based or sensorless.
电机位置传感器类型对于传感器(例如基于霍尔的电机)非常重要。如果您的电机有传感器,将采取其他步骤进行相应的设置。请参阅感应电机旋转。注意您的电机是基于霍尔的还是无传感器的。

The # of Motor pole pairs is equal to the number of magnets in the motor divided by 2. These are called pole pairs. See the troubleshooting section below for how to count motor pole pairs if this value is not available on your motor datasheet.
电机极对的 # 等于电机中的磁铁数除以 2。这些称为极对。请参阅下面的故障排除部分,了解如何在电机数据表上没有此值时计算电机极对。

The Motor output gear ratio is the motors internal gear ratio. If the motor is direct drive, enter 1 since there are no gears. If the motor is geared hub motor, enter the gear ratio of the motor. If the motor is mid-drive, enter the gear ratio before the final drive just like a normal motor.
电机输出齿轮比是电机的内齿轮比。如果电机是直接驱动的,请输入 1,因为没有齿轮。如果电机是减速轮毂电机,请输入电机的传动比。如果电机处于中传动状态,请像普通电机一样在终传动之前输入传动比。

5 – Wiring the controller
5 – 控制器接线

This section will walk you through the basic wiring required to get your bike up and running with the ASI Controller. It will allow you to get the Motor spinning to confirm functionality and become familiar with the Controller and BACDoor™.
本节将引导您完成使用 ASI 控制器启动和运行自行车所需的基本接线。它将允许您让电机旋转以确认功能并熟悉控制器和 BACDoor™。

WARNING – Integrating your controller into your electrical system requires a functioning Battery management system (BMS), an appropriately sized Fuse, appropriate Wire gauge, a Precharge switch (or equivalent) and a Safety cutoff switch are required for the safe operation of the controller. Not using these components poses a serious safety risk, permanent damage to the controller and other components in the case of an issue. Anti-spark connectors are recommended.
警告 – 将控制器集成到电气系统中需要正常运行的电池管理系统 (BMS)、适当尺寸的保险丝、适当的线规、预充电开关(或等效开关)和安全切断开关才能安全运行控制器。不使用这些组件会带来严重的安全风险,一旦出现问题,会对控制器和其他组件造成永久性损坏。建议使用防火花连接器。

CAUTION – Voltage and current spikes must not exceed input or output ratings.
注意 – 卷tage 和电流尖峰不得超过输入或输出额定值。

CAUTION – The controller is only designed for use with battery-powered electrical systems.
注意 – 控制器仅设计用于电池供电的电气系统。

Table 2 – Controller Power & Motor Wiring Table
表2 – 控制器电源和电机接线表

Table 3 – Required components
表 3 – 所需组件

5.1 Wire crimping 5.1 电线压接

A. Attach and crimp the supplied KST Bullet Connectors to the 3 Phase Wires from the Motor.
A. 将随附的 KST 子弹头连接器连接并压接到电机的 3 相线上。

B. Attach and crimp the supplied KST Bullet Connectors to the Battery Positive and Negative Wires. Note that the Battery Positive wire on the controller side is male.
B. 将随附的 KST 子弹头连接器连接并压接到电池正负极线。请注意,控制器侧的电池正极线是公头。

ATTENTION 注意力

  • The Red (Battery +) Wire on the Controller is a male Connector, be sure to use the female Connector supplied on the Battery + Wire.
    控制器上的红色(电池 +)线是公连接器,请务必使用电池 + 线上提供的母连接器。
  • Make sure to use the correct size of KST Bullet Connectors (see Table 3).
    确保使用正确尺寸的 KST 子弹头连接器(请参阅表 3)。

5.2 Required components wire connections
5.2 所需组件电线连接

A. Plug-in the Black (Battery -) from the Controller to the negative from the Battery to ground the system.

B. Next, plug the Evaluation Harness to the 24pin Connector on the Controller

C. Plug the 3 phase Cables from the Controller to the appropriate phase wires coming from your Motor.

D. Plug the Evaluation Key Connector Switch into the 6-pin Connector on the Evaluation Harness.

CAUTION – DO NOT connect the Red + Cable until after the Computer Set Up steps on the next page!

CAUTION – ALWAYS use the USB Isolator between the Computer and the Controller. If it is not used the Computer and/or the Controller may be damaged! ASI is not responsible for any damaged.
注意 – 始终在计算机和控制器之间使用 USB 隔离器。如果不使用,计算机和/或控制器可能会损坏!ASI对任何损坏概不负责。

5.3 Computer setup 5.3 计算机设置

A. Plug the USB to TTL Cable into the 3-pin Connector on the Evaluation Harness.
A. 将 USB 转 TTL 电缆插入评估线束上的 3 针连接器。

B. Plug the other end of the USB-TTL Cable to the USB Isolator.
B. 将 USB-TTL 电缆的另一端插入 USB 隔离器。

C. Plug the USB Isolator Cable into the USB Isolator
C. 将 USB 隔离器电缆插入 USB 隔离器

D. Plug the USB Cable into the Computer.
D. 将 USB 电缆插入计算机。

E. Allow your Computer to install the appropriate Drivers.
E. 允许您的计算机安装相应的驱动程序。

F. Now Plug the Red (Battery +) wire from the Controller into the Positive cable from the Battery. If the Battery does not have an off switch, you may notice a minor spark when this connection is made, this is normal. If the Battery has a Power Switch, turn it to the ON position.
F.现在将控制器的红色(电池 +)线插入电池的正极电缆。如果电池没有关闭开关,您可能会在进行此连接时注意到轻微的火花,这是正常现象。如果电池有电源开关,请将其转到 ON 位置。

Note: The Red LED Status Light should now be visible on the controller.
注意:红色 LED 状态灯现在应该在控制器上可见。

Table 4 表4

6 – Back-up your default parameter file
6 – 备份默认参数文件

See using BACDoor Mobile or using BACDoor PC if you have not already familiarized yourself with our software.
如果您尚未熟悉我们的软件,请参阅使用 BACDoor Mobile 或使用 BACDoor PC。

Connect to your controller now. In PC BACDoor™ the Tx & Rx lights should be continuously flashing. In BACDoor™ Mobile, the green light, top left of the app, should be flashing continuously. If it is not connecting, see the troubleshooting section below.
立即连接到您的控制器。在PC BAC中™,Tx和Rx灯应持续闪烁。在 BACDoor™ Mobile 中,应用程序左上角的绿灯应持续闪烁。如果未连接,请参阅下面的故障排除部分。

Attention – Before proceeding with the setup backup the original Parameter File on the Computer. This is important should you need to recover the controller to a known state.
注意 – 在继续设置之前,请备份计算机上的原始参数文件。如果您需要将控制器恢复到已知状态,这一点很重要。

Option A) BACDoor™ PC
选项 A) BACDoor™ PC

With the controller connected, select Save to File (512) from the Parameter dropdown menu to save your controllers parameters to file.
连接控制器后,从参数下拉菜单中选择保存到文件 (512),将控制器参数保存到文件中。

Option B) BACDoor™ Mobile
选项 B) BACDoor™ Mobile

In BACDoor™ Mobile, with the controller connected, select Menu from the Channels page, then select Save to file, enter a name and save it to your app directory to recover from it later.
在 BACDoor™ Mobile 中,连接控制器后,从“通道”页面中选择“菜单”,然后选择“保存到文件”,输入名称并将其保存到应用目录,以便以后从中恢复。

7 – Setting up the system voltage
7 – 设置系统电压tage

TIP – Hover over the information icon for parameter location in BACDoor™ shorthand.
提示 – 将鼠标悬停在信息图标 (i) 上,用于 BACDoor™ 速记中的参数位置。

Once you have established communication between your Controller and BACDoor™, we can now begin setting up the system. The first step is to enter the Rate System Voltage you found for Table 1 above. Here we enter the batteries nominal voltage, e.g. 36V, 48V, 72V, etc. and not the full or dead battery voltage, e.g. 40V and 51.2V for a 48V nominal battery for example.
一旦您在控制器和 BACDoor™ 之间建立了通信,我们现在就可以开始设置系统了。第一步是输入您在上表 1 中找到的速率系统电压。在这里,我们输入电池标称电压,例如 36V、48V、72V 等,而不是电池电量或耗尽的电池电压,例如 40V 标称电池的 51.2V 和 48V。

Option A) BACDoor PC 选项 A) BACDoor™ PC

Navigate to the Peripheral Selection tab, select the Battery page. In the Write/Save section, enter your battery nominal voltage value for Rated System Voltage . Press <Enter> on your keyboard after each parameter entry, or the Write button below the Write/Save section after every entry has been entered to save them to the controller temporarily. Then select Save to Flash from the Parameter drop-down menu to save it permanently.
导航到“外设选择”选项卡,选择“电池”页面。在写入/保存部分,输入额定系统电压的电池标称电压值 电压 (i) 。<Enter> 在输入每个参数后按键盘,或在输入每个条目后按“写入/保存”部分下方的“写入”按钮,以将它们暂时保存到控制器。然后从参数下拉菜单中选择保存到 Flash 以永久保存。

Attention – Only Save to Flash saves parameter entries permanently to the controller. <Enter> and Write only write until the controller power is cycled.
注意 – 仅保存到 Flash 将参数条目永久保存到控制器。<Enter> 和仅写入,直到控制器电源循环。

Option B) BACDoor Mobile
选项 B) BACDoor™ Mobile

Navigate to the Live Feed tab, select the Battery page. In General Configuration, enter your battery nominal voltage value for Rated System Voltage in the adjacent box. Once the value is entered, it is temporarily written to the controller. After entering the value, select the Lightning bolt icon in the top right of the app to save the parameters to flash.
导航到“实时源”选项卡,选择“电池”页面。在“常规配置”中,在相邻框中输入额定系统电压tage (i) 的电池标称电压值。输入值后,将临时写入控制器。输入值后,选择 闪电 应用程序右上角的图标以保存参数以闪烁。

Attention – Only pressing the Lightning bolt icon saves parameter entries permanently to the controller. Parameter entries are otherwise only written until the controller power is cycled.
注意 – 仅按闪电图标即可将参数条目永久保存到控制器。否则,只有在控制器电源循环之前才会写入参数条目。

Now that the battery voltage is set, any warnings that may have been there should have cleared.
现在电池电压已经设置好了,任何可能已经存在的警告都应该已经清除了。

8 – Configuring the motor profile
8 – 配置电机配置文件

Here we will enter the base motor parameters that we found for Table 1 above.
在这里,我们将输入为上表 1 找到的基本电机参数。

Option A) BACDoor PC 选项 A) BACDoor™ PC

Navigate to the Peripheral Selection tab, select the Motor Nameplate Ratings page. In the Write/Save section,
导航到“外设选择”选项卡,选择“电机铭牌额定值”页面。在“写入/保存”部分中,

(1) enter the Rated motor power in all four variants of this parameter listed in the image below,
(1) 输入下图中列出的此参数的所有四个变体的额定电机功率 (i),

(2) enter the Rated motor current ,
(2) 输入额定电机电流 (i) ,

(3) enter the Rated motor speed ,
(3)输入额定电机转速(i),

(4) enter the # of motor pole pairs ,
(4) 输入电机极对 (i) 的 # ,

and (5) enter the Gear ratio .
(5) 输入传动比 (i) 。

Press <Enter> after every entry or press Write below this section after entering each parameter. Add any parameters if missing as necessary. See the image below for reference. Press Save to flash in the Parameter drop-down menu.
<Enter> 在每个输入后按,或在输入每个参数后按此部分下方的写入。如果缺少任何参数,请根据需要添加任何参数。请参见下图以供参考。按保存在参数下拉菜单中闪烁。

Option B) BACDoor Mobile
选项 B) BACDoor™ Mobile

Navigate to the Live Feed tab, select the Motor page. In the General Motor Configuration section,
导航到“实时源”选项卡,选择“电机”页面。在“通用电机配置”部分中,

(1) enter the Rated Motor Power in all four variants of this parameter listed in the image below,
(1) 输入下图中列出的此参数的所有四个变体中的额定电机功率 (i),

(2) enter the Rated Motor Current ,
(2) 输入额定电机电流 (i) ,

(3) enter the Rated Motor Speed ,
(3) 输入额定电机转速 (i) ,

(4) enter the # of Motor Pole Pairs ,
(4) 输入电机极对 (i) 的 #,

and (5) enter the Gear Ratio .
(5)输入传动比(i)。

Add any parameters if missing as necessary. See the image below for reference. Press the Lightning bolt to Save to flash.
如果缺少任何参数,请根据需要添加任何参数。请参见下图以供参考。按闪电保存以闪烁。

9 – Autotuning the motor
9 – 自动调谐电机

In this section, we will use the controller to discover the motor’s resistance (Rs) and inductance (Ls) values. Then we’ll verify the motors rated rpm.
在本节中,我们将使用控制器来发现电机的电阻 (Rs) 和电感 (Ls) 值。然后,我们将验证电机的额定转速。

WARNING 警告

  • The Motor will be spinning in the next steps for up to 20 seconds at 50% of the Rated motor speed (RPM) and high current.
    在接下来的步骤中,电机将在额定电机转速 (RPM) 的 20% 和大电流下旋转长达 50 秒。
  • Make sure all moving parts (e.g. Motor, Pedals, Wheels, etc.) are clear to move in either direction.
    确保所有运动部件(例如电机、踏板、车轮等)都可以向任一方向移动。
  • Make sure the motor is securely mounted and the wheels are off the ground.
    确保电机安装牢固并且车轮离开地面。

To stop the motor 停止电机

  • In PC BACDoor™, enter 0 for Motor discovery.
    在 PC BACDoor™ 中,输入 0 作为电机发现。
  • Or turn off the controller,
    或者关闭控制器,
  • As a last resort, disconnect the battery. This has a high chance of damaging the controller permanently.
    作为最后的手段,断开电池。这很有可能永久损坏控制器。

CAUTION – Make sure the system is connected to an adequate power source. This test will draw the full rated motor current and can damage the power source if it is inadequate.
注意 – 确保系统连接到足够的电源。该测试将消耗全额定电机电流,如果功率不足,可能会损坏电源。

TIP – Make a backup copy of the parameter file often by saving it to file as shown before. It can be sent to ASI for support or you can revert if strange behaviour occurs.
提示 – 如前所述,通过将参数文件保存到文件中,经常制作参数文件的备份副本。它可以发送给 ASI 寻求支持,或者您可以在发生异常行为时恢复。

Option A) PC BACDoor 选项 A) PC BACDoor™

First, we will measure the motors inductance (Ls) and resistance (Rs) via a feature called Motor discover mode. This test will make the motor possibly index to the nearest correct motor pole pair and the motor will make a high pitch hum or squeal.
首先,我们将通过称为电机发现模式的功能测量电机电感 (Ls) 和电阻 (Rs)。该测试将使电机可能索引到最近的正确电机极对,并且电机将发出高音调的嗡嗡声或尖叫声。

(1) Navigate to the Peripheral Configuration tab, select the Basic Motor (Sensorless) page. In the Write (Temp) section, enter 1 in the parameter Motor discover mode value field, and press <Enter> or Write. The motor will now index slightly and make a noise as described above.
(1) 导航到“外设配置”选项卡,选择“基本电机(无传感器)”页面。在“写入(温度)”部分,在参数“电机发现模式 (i) 值”字段中输入 1,然后按 <Enter> 或 写入。如上所述,电机现在将略微分度并发出噪音。

(2) After the motor has finished making noise (2 to 3 seconds). In the Display (Only) section, press Read. The populated autotune Ls and autotune Rs values should both be positive.
(2) 电机发出噪音后(2 至 3 秒)。在“显示(仅)”部分中,按“读取”。填充的自动调谐 Ls (i) 和自动调谐 Rs (i) 值都应为正值。

(3) Copy the autotune Ls value from the Display (Only) section to Ls in the Write/Save section. Copy the autotune Rs value from the Display (Only) section to Rs in the Write/Save section. Click the Write button in the Write/Save Section. Save to flash via the Parameter drop-down menu.
(3)将自动调谐Ls(i)值从“显示(仅)”部分复制到“写入/保存”部分中的Ls(i)。将自动调谐 Rs (i) 值从“显示(仅)”部分复制到“写入/保存”部分中的 Rs (i)。单击“写入/保存”部分中的“写入”按钮。通过参数下拉菜单保存到闪存。

Now we will autotune the rpm of the motor. This test will spin the motor for about 20-30 seconds and at about half the rated motor speed.
现在我们将自动调整电机的转速。该测试将使电机旋转约 20-30 秒,并且大约是额定电机速度的一半。

(4) In the Write (Temp) section, enter value 2 in Motor discover mode , and press <Enter> or click Write. The motor will now spin for about 20 seconds. The motor should spin up to half of the motors rated speed that we entered earlier and run at this speed steadily. The motor should run in the expected/correct “forward” direction. Should an issue arise, to stop the test, you can enter 0 in the Motor discover mode or disconnect the power to the controller or unplug the key. If not see the troubleshooting section below.
(4)在“写入(温度)”部分中,在电机发现模式(i)中输入值2,然后按<Enter>或单击“写入”。电机现在将旋转约 20 秒。电机应旋转到我们之前输入的电机额定速度的一半,并以该速度稳定运行。电机应以预期/正确的“向前”方向运行。如果出现问题,要停止测试,您可以在电机发现模式 (i) 中输入 0 或断开控制器的电源或拔下钥匙。如果没有,请参阅下面的故障排除部分。

(5) Once the motor has stopped spinning, press Read in the Display Only section. The autotune rated rpm value should be near enough to the value you entered in the Rated motor speed previously, if not see the troubleshooting section below.
(5) 电机停止旋转后,按 读取 在 仅显示 部分。自动调谐额定转速 (i) 值应足够接近您之前在额定电机转速 (i) 中输入的值,否则请参阅下面的故障排除部分。

(6) Copy the autotune rated rpm value to the Rated motor speed in the Write/Save section and press <Enter>. Save to flash via the Parameter drop-down menu.
(6) 将自动调谐额定转速 (i) 值复制到额定电机转速 (i) 在 写入/保存 部分,然后按 <Enter>。通过参数下拉菜单保存到闪存。

Option B) BACDoor Mobile
选项 B) BACDoor™ Mobile

This will be much quicker than with PC BACDoor™. First, we will measure the motors inductance (Ls) and resistance (Rs) via Motor Setup. This test will make the motor possibly index to the nearest correct motor pole pair and the motor will make a high pitch hum or squeal.
这将比PC BACDoor™快得多。首先,我们将通过电机设置测量电机电感 (Ls) 和电阻 (Rs)。该测试将使电机可能索引到最近的正确电机极对,并且电机将发出高音调的嗡嗡声或尖叫声。

(1) From the Live Feed tab, select the Motor page. In the Motor Setup section, press Run under Analyze Motor Resistance (Rs) and Inductance (Ls) . The motor will now index slightly and make a noise as described above.
(1) 从 实时馈送 选项卡,选择 电机 页面。在“电机设置”部分,按“分析电机电阻 (Rs) 和电感 (Ls) (i) ”下的“运行”。如上所述,电机现在将略微分度并发出噪音。

(2) After the motor has finished making noise (2 to 3 seconds). Verify that both the values listed in Accept measured Rs and Ls are positive. If so, press copy to save the values automatically to Rs and Ls parameters.
(2) 电机发出噪音后(2 至 3 秒)。验证接受测量的 Rs 和 Ls (i) 中列出的值是否均为正值。如果是这样,请按复制键自动将值保存到 Rs (i) 和 Ls (i) 参数。

(3) Save to flash via the Lightning bolt button.
(3) 通过闪电按钮保存为闪光灯。

Now we will autotune the rpm of the motor. This test will spin the motor for about 20-30 seconds and at about half the rated motor speed.
现在我们将自动调整电机的转速。该测试将使电机旋转约 20-30 秒,并且大约是额定电机速度的一半。

(4) In the Motor Setup section, press Run below Analyze Hall wiring, offset and Rated Motor speed . The motor will now spin for about 20 seconds. The motor should spin up to half of the motors rated speed that we entered earlier and run at this speed steadily. The motor should run in the expected/correct “forward” direction. Should an issue arise, to stop the test you must disconnect the power to the controller or unplug the key. If not, see the troubleshooting section below.
(4) 在“电机设置”部分中,按 运行 下面的 分析霍尔接线、偏移和额定电机速度 (i) 。电机现在将旋转约 20 秒。电机应旋转到我们之前输入的电机额定速度的一半,并以该速度稳定运行。电机应以预期/正确的“向前”方向运行。如果出现问题,要停止测试,您必须断开控制器的电源或拔下钥匙。如果没有,请参阅下面的故障排除部分。

(5) Once the motor has stopped spinning, verify the rated rpm that populated in the Accept new Hall table and Rated RPM is near enough to the value you entered as the Motor rated speed . If not see the troubleshooting section below. If so, press copy to save the autotune rated motor speed automatically to the Motor Rated Speed parameter.
(5) 电机停止旋转后,验证“接受新霍尔”表中填充的额定转速和额定转速 (i) 是否足够接近您输入的电机额定转速 (i) 值。如果没有,请参阅下面的故障排除部分。如果是这样,请按复制将自动调谐额定电机转速自动保存到电机额定转速 (i) 参数中。

(6) Save to flash via the Lightning bolt button.
(6) 通过闪电按钮保存为闪光灯。

10 – Next steps
10 – 后续步骤

Proceed to Hall sensor setup if your motor has halls, if not proceed to set up your peripherals by going to Hardware Inputs.
如果您的电机有霍尔,请继续进行霍尔传感器设置,如果没有,请转到硬件输入继续设置外围设备。

11 – Troubleshooting 11 – 故障排除

TIP – Hover over the status light in PC BACDoor™ or go to Live Feed and scroll to the top to Faults and Warnings to see the details of faults or warnings.
提示 – 将鼠标悬停在 PC BACDoor™ 中的状态指示灯上,或转到 Live Feed 并滚动到顶部的 Faults and Warnings 以查看故障或警告的详细信息。

11.1 – Connection/communication issues
11.1 – 连接/通信问题

Assuming the controller is powered on (solid or blinking light on the controller). Try the following:
假设控制器已通电(控制器上的指示灯常亮或闪烁)。请尝试以下操作:

PC BACDoor™:  PC BAC文档™:

  • Remove all peripherals connected to the controller (e.g. displays, throttle, etc.), if any. Ensure the controller is powered on (connected to the battery), the LED should be lit. Ideally solid, or possibly it is flashing a code sequence.
    移除连接到控制器的所有外围设备(例如显示器、油门等),如果有。确保控制器已通电(连接到电池),LED 应亮起。理想情况下是实心的,或者它可能正在刷新代码序列。
  • If the controller LED is not solid, see the Faults and warnings troubleshooting for more information.
    如果控制器 LED 不常亮,请参阅故障和警告故障排除以获取更多信息。
  • Remove all peripherals other than the basics from your computer to isolate which Port the controller is connected to.
    从计算机中移除除基本设备以外的所有外围设备,以隔离控制器连接到的端口。
  • Ensure the Network Baud rate in BACDoor™ is set to 115200, our default value. If not, try 9600, as the Baud rate value on the controller may have been affected.
    确保 BACDoor™ 中的网络波特率设置为 115200,这是我们的默认值。如果没有,请尝试 9600,因为控制器上的波特率值可能已受到影响。
    • Once connected set Baud rate and Baud rate port2 set to 115200. Save to flash, and then power cycle the controller. Set the Network Baud Rate to 115200 now, and try to reconnect.
      连接后,将波特率 (i) 和波特率端口 2 (i) 设置为 115200。保存到闪存,然后重新启动控制器。现在将网络波特率设置为 115200,然后尝试重新连接。

BACDoor™ mobile: BAC移动™端:

  • Does the part number description have BlueTooth(BT)? (e.g. TTL-BT or CAN-BT)
    部件号描述是否具有蓝牙(BT)功能?(例如TTL-BT或CAN-BT)
  • Verify Bluetooth is ON on your device.
    验证设备上的蓝牙是否打开。
  • Verify you are attempting to connect to the correct device, generally it is “e-Bike”. Placing the phone as close as possible to the controller and refreshing the Channel page helps identify the correct controller to connect to as it should have the highest strength %.
    验证您正在尝试连接到正确的设备,通常是“e-Bike”。将手机放置在尽可能靠近控制器的位置并刷新“通道”页面有助于确定要连接的正确控制器,因为它应该具有最高的强度。
  • Disconnect any peripherals if any are connected, e.g. Displays.
    断开任何外围设备(如果连接了),例如显示器。

11.2 – Counting motor pole pairs
11.2 – 计算电机极对

Contact ASI support. 请联系 ASI 支持。

11.3 – Ls and/or Rs are negative
11.3 – Ls 和/或 Rs 为负

If you get negative values, the problem may be the wiring or it may be internal to the motor. Possible causes include:
如果得到负值,则问题可能出在接线上,也可能出在电机内部。可能的原因包括:

  • The battery does not supply sufficient current for the test. Try lowering your Rated motor current and try again. Location:
    电池无法为测试提供足够的电流。尝试降低额定电机电流,然后重试。位置:
    • Lower Rated motor current
      更低的额定电机电流 (i)
    • For mobile, lower Rated Motor Current
      对于移动式,额定电机电流较低 (i)
  • There may be insufficient current, try increasing Rated motor current.
    可能存在电流不足的情况,请尝试增加额定电机电流。
  • The Rated motor rpm may be set too high, try lowering it.
    额定电机转速可能设置得太高,请尝试降低它。
  • Verify your phase wires are not shorting anywhere. This may be internal to the motor.
    验证您的相线没有在任何地方短路。这可能是电机内部的。
  • Two or more phases may be shorted together. Verify your phases haven’t shorted together, as above it may be an internal issue.
    两个或多个相可以短路在一起。验证您的相位没有短路,如上所述,这可能是内部问题。
  • A phase may be unplugged.
    一个相位可以拔掉。

11.4 – The motor/wheel does not spin
11.4 – 电机/车轮不旋转

  • The controller may have faulted, check the controller faults or check if the controller LED is flashing and record this value. See the Faults and warnings troubleshooting for more information.
    控制器可能有故障,检查控制器故障或检查控制器 LED 是否闪烁并记录此值。有关详细信息,请参阅故障和警告疑难解答。
  • The motor may have loose phase wires, verify all connections.
    电机可能有松动的相线,请验证所有连接。
  • If it is a freewheeling motor, the motor may be spinning backwards and thus not engaging. Correct this by swapping the phases as explained in 10.3 below.
    如果是续流电机,电机可能会向后旋转,因此无法接合。通过交换阶段来纠正此问题,如下面的 10.3 中所述。
  • Your brakes may be enabled and enabling motor cutoff. Verify if eBike flags bits 0 (Brake) and 1 (cut-out) are 1 (enabled). If they are both enabled, your brakes are enabled and it is cutting off the motor current. If only the cut-out is enabled, something else is cutting current to the motor. Verify you have no peripherals connected, and possibly restart from your previously saved default parameter file.
    您的制动器可能已启用并启用电机切断。验证 eBike 标记位 0(制动器)和 1(切口)是否为 1(启用)。如果它们都启用,则您的制动器已启用,并且正在切断电机电流。如果仅启用切断,则其他因素会切断电机的电流。确认您没有连接外围设备,并可能从之前保存的默认参数文件重新启动。
    • digital eBike flags: bits 0 & 1 , click poll to see the live flag values.
      数字电动自行车标志:位 0 和 1 (i),单击投票以查看实时标志值。
    • Or for Mobile, Ebike Flags enabled bits appear in the right column, disabled bits do not.
      或者对于移动设备,启用 Ebike 标志 (i) 的位出现在右列中,禁用的位不会。
  • Rated motor power or Rated motor current set too low to overcome the initially required motor torque to spin.
    额定电机功率或额定电机电流设置得太低,无法克服最初所需的电机转矩来旋转。
    • Correct/increase Rated motor current and Rated motor power (all 4 motor power values)
      校正/增加额定电机电流 (i) 和额定电机功率 (i)(所有 4 个电机功率值)
    • For mobile, correct/increase Rated Motor Current and Rated Motor Power (all 4 motor power values)
      对于移动设备,更正/增加额定电机电流 (i) 和额定电机功率 (i)(所有 4 个电机功率值)
  • Try setting the Sensorless closed loop enable frequency to 10% of the rated electrical frequency.
    尝试将无传感器闭环使能频率设置为额定电气频率的 10%。
    • Set Sensorless closed loop enable frequency to 10% of rated electrical frequency (click read to see value)
      将无传感器闭环使能频率 (i) 设置为额定电气频率 (i) 的 10%(点击阅读查看值)
    • For mobile, set Sensorless Closed Loop Enable Frequency to 10% of Rated Electrical Frequency
      对于移动设备,将无传感器闭环使能频率 (i) 设置为额定电气频率 (i) 的 10%
  • EN controllers expect some form of pedal input per legislation.
    根据法规,EN 控制器需要某种形式的踏板输入。

11.5 – The motor spins in the wrong direction
11.5 – 电机旋转方向错误

If your motor is spinning in reverse, the most likely cause is the phase wiring.  Whether internally in the motor, or your connection to the controller. You can swap the phases physically (option 1) or in the controller digitally (option 2).
如果您的电机反向旋转,最可能的原因是相位接线。 无论是在电机内部,还是在控制器的连接中。您可以物理交换相位(选项 1)或在控制器中以数字方式交换相位(选项 2)。

  • Option 1 – Physically swap phase wires A (Green) and C (Blue)
    选项 1 – 物理交换相线 A(绿色)和 C(蓝色)
  • Option 2 – In BACDoor™, enable Motor features bit 0.
    选项 2 – 在 BACDoor™ 中,启用电机功能位 0。
    • For PC BACDoor™, set Motor features: Bit 0 to 1,
      对于 PC BACDoor™,设置电机功能:位 0 (i) 至 1,
    • or for BACDoor™ Mobile, enable Bit 0 Swap phase A and phase C .
      或对于 BACDoor™ Mobile,启用位 0 交换阶段 A 和阶段 C (i)。

11.6 – The motor does not spin as quickly as expected
11.6 – 电机旋转速度不如预期快

  • If the actual motor speed appears too slow. Check your motor nameplate ratings; if the Rated motor speed is an estimate and the motor is running stably at a constant speed during analysis, use the autotune Rated rpm value as the Rated Motor speed.
    如果实际电机速度显得太慢。检查您的电机铭牌额定值;如果额定电机转速是估计值,并且电机在分析过程中以恒定速度稳定运行,则使用自动调谐额定转速值作为额定电机转速。
  • In 6.016 and higher firmwares, motor discovery occurs at ~20% of the calculated motor electrical frequency. Previously it was ~50%.
    在 6.016 及更高版本的固件中,电机发现发生在计算出的电机电气频率的 ~20% 处。以前是~50%。
  • If the indicated or autotune Rated rpm is wildly off, verify your # of motor pole pairs is set correctly.
    如果指示或自动调谐额定转速完全关闭,请验证您的 # 电机极对设置是否正确。
    • Correct # of motor pole pairs
      电机极对的正确 # (i)
    • For mobile, correct # Of Motor Pole Pairs
      对于移动设备,正确的 # 电机极对 (i)
  • Try setting the Sensorless closed loop enable frequency to 10% of the rated electrical frequency.
    尝试将无传感器闭环使能频率设置为额定电气频率的 10%。
    • Set Sensorless closed loop enable frequency to 10% of rated electrical frequency (click read to see value)
      将无传感器闭环使能频率 (i) 设置为额定电气频率 (i) 的 10%(点击阅读查看值)
    • For mobile, set Sensorless Closed Loop Enable Frequency to 10% of Rated Electrical Frequency
      对于移动设备,将无传感器闭环使能频率 (i) 设置为额定电气频率 (i) 的 10%

11.7 – The motor speed is unsteady during the rated motor speed analysis
11.7 – 额定电机转速分析期间电机转速不稳定

  • A phase wire could be disconnected
    可以断开相线
  • Rated motor speed may be set too far from the correct value. Double or halve the Rated motor speed parameter value, then use the motor discovery again to analyze the motor speed.
    额定电机转速可能设置得太偏离正确值。将额定电机转速参数值加倍或减半,然后再次使用电机发现来分析电机转速。
  • Verify your pole pairs are correct. See 11.2 above if you need to manually count the pole pairs. To change the value:
    验证您的极对是否正确。如果您需要手动计算极对,请参阅上面的 11.2。要更改该值,请执行以下操作:
    • # of motor pole pairs
      # 电机极对数 (i)
    • Or for Mobile, # Of Motor Pole Pairs
      或对于移动设备,# 电机极对 (i)
  • Try setting the Sensorless closed loop enable frequency to 10% of the rated electrical frequency.
    尝试将无传感器闭环使能频率设置为额定电气频率的 10%。
    • Set Sensorless closed loop enable frequency to 10% of rated electrical frequency (click read to see value)
      将无传感器闭环使能频率 (i) 设置为额定电气频率 (i) 的 10%(点击阅读查看值)
    • For mobile, set Sensorless Closed Loop Enable Frequency to 10% of Rated Electrical Frequency
      对于移动设备,将无传感器闭环使能频率 (i) 设置为额定电气频率 (i) 的 10%

11.8 – Hall vs Sensorless position Fault
11.8 – 霍尔与无传感器位置故障

Your Motor position sensor type is set to 0 (Hall based) or 1 (Hall start and sensorless run) and it is throwing an error as a result. Set this value to 2 (sensorless) for the motor speed autotune.
您的电机位置传感器类型设置为 0(基于霍尔)或 1(霍尔启动和无传感器运行),因此会引发错误。将此值设置为 2(无传感器)用于电机速度自动调谐。

  • Set Motor position sensor type to 2
    将电机位置传感器类型 (i) 设置为 2
  • Or for mobile set Motor Position Sensor Type to Sensorless.
    或用于移动装置的电机位置传感器类型 (i) 至无传感器。

11.9 – I tried all the above and I still need help!
11.9 – 我尝试了以上所有方法,但我仍然需要帮助!

If after the above troubleshooting it still does not function correctly, please contact send us an email at support@acceleratedsystems.com, with your parameter file and a description of your issue.
如果在上述故障排除后仍然无法正常工作,请联系我们发送电子邮件至 support@acceleratedsystems.com,并附上您的参数文件和问题描述。

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parameter location shorthandPC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Battery|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Battery|General ConfigurationPC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write (Temp)PC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write (Temp)PC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write (Temp)PC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Motor SetupBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Motor SetupBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Additional Autotune InformationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Additional Autotune InformationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Motor SetupBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Motor SetupBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor Configuration PC BACDoor|Communications|Serial Communications|Write/Save PC BACDoor|Communications|Serial Communications|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationPC BACDoor|Custom|Features/Faults|Display OnlyBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Faults and Warnings|Information PC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/Save PC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Sensorless ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Additional Autotune InformationPC BACDoor|Custom|Features/Faults|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationPC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Sensorless ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Additional Autotune InformationPC BACDoor|Peripheral Selection|Motor Nameplate Ratings|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor ConfigurationPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write/SavePC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Display OnlyBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Sensorless ConfigurationBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|Additional Autotune InformationPC BACDoor|Peripheral Configuration|Basic Motor (Sensorless)|Write/SaveBACDoor Mobile|Live Feed|Motor|General Motor Configuration
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