Mastering Linux Administration provides the ultimate coverage of modern server and cloud administration technologies.
掌握 Linux 管理提供了对现代服务器和云管理技术的最全面覆盖。

Technology evolves at an unprecedented speed, and Linux and related technologies are at the forefront of innovation. This makes it really hard to keep up and learn new things. Present Linux administrators need to know about more than just Linux, thus containerization and cloud technologies are essential for the future DevOps expert.
技术以前所未有的速度发展，Linux 及相关技术处于创新的前沿。这使得跟上并学习新事物变得非常困难。现在的 Linux 管理员需要了解的不仅仅是 Linux，因此容器化和云技术对未来的 DevOps 专家至关重要。

Linux is the operating system that powers almost everything, from IoT to personal computers to servers, and is the foundation for all cloud technologies. It enables you to master the cloud through the power of the command line.
Linux 是几乎驱动一切的操作系统，从物联网到个人电脑再到服务器，也是所有云技术的基础。它让您通过命令行的力量掌握云。

You will begin by learning about the command line, working with files, processes, users, packages, and filesystems, then you will begin administering network services and hardening security, and finally, you will learn about cloud computing, containers, and orchestration. You will learn how to work at the command line, learn about the most important Linux commands, and master users, processes, and services administration. You will also learn how to harden Linux security using iptables. At the end, you will work with containers, hypervisors, virtual machines, Ansible, and Kubernetes and learn how to deploy Linux on AWS and Azure. By the end of this book, you will have mastered Linux and you will be confident in working with Linux from bare metal to the cloud, in a pure DevOps fashion.
您将首先学习命令行，处理文件、进程、用户、软件包和文件系统，然后开始管理网络服务和加固安全性，最后学习云计算、容器和编排。您将学习如何在命令行工作，了解最重要的 Linux 命令，并掌握用户、进程和服务管理。您还将学习如何使用 iptables 加固 Linux 安全性。最后，您将学习如何使用容器、虚拟化程序、虚拟机、Ansible 和 Kubernetes，并学习如何在 AWS 和 Azure 上部署 Linux。通过本书，您将掌握 Linux，并且能够自信地以纯粹的 DevOps 方式从裸金属到云端与 Linux 一起工作。

This book is for Linux administrators who want to understand the fundamentals, as well as modern concepts of Linux system administration. Windows system administrators looking to extend their knowledge to the Linux OS will also benefit from this book.
这本书适用于希望了解 Linux 系统管理基础知识以及现代概念的 Linux 管理员。希望将知识扩展到 Linux 操作系统的 Windows 系统管理员也会从这本书中受益。

Chapter 1, Installing Linux, shows you how to install Linux on physical hardware (bare-metal) and inside a virtual machine in Windows. As we are targeting future Linux system administrators, the command line will be used most of the time, with little reference to the GUI. The future Linux professional will learn how to install Linux and how the boot process works.
第 1 章《安装 Linux》向您展示如何在物理硬件（裸机）和 Windows 虚拟机内安装 Linux。由于我们的目标是未来的 Linux 系统管理员，大部分时间将使用命令行，很少涉及图形用户界面。未来的 Linux 专业人员将学习如何安装 Linux 以及引导过程的工作原理。

Chapter 2, The Linux Shell and Filesystem, teaches you how to use the command line and introduces you to the most widely used commands in Linux. You will learn about the structure of a basic command, how the Linux filesystem is organized, the structure of the Linux operating system, and the structure of a file. By the end of the chapter, you will also know how to use VI/VIM, one of the widely used command-line text editors in Linux.
第 2 章《Linux Shell 和文件系统》教你如何使用命令行，并介绍了 Linux 中最常用的命令。你将了解基本命令的结构，Linux 文件系统的组织方式，Linux 操作系统的结构以及文件的结构。在本章结束时，你还将了解如何使用 VI/VIM，这是 Linux 中广泛使用的命令行文本编辑器之一。

Chapter 3, Linux Software Management, explains how to use specific software management commands, how software packages work depending on the distribution of choice, and how to build your own packages.
第 3 章《Linux 软件管理》解释了如何使用特定的软件管理命令，软件包如何根据所选择的发行版而工作，以及如何构建自己的软件包。

Chapter 4, Managing Users and Groups, shows you how to manage user accounts in Linux. This is one of the most important tasks a Linux system administrator should master. You will be introduced to the general concepts, the specific files for user administration, and how to manage accounts. By the end of the chapter, you will know how to work with permissions and how to change them, and you will understand the special permissions and attributes.
第 4 章《管理用户和组》向您展示如何在 Linux 中管理用户帐户。这是 Linux 系统管理员应该掌握的最重要任务之一。您将了解一般概念、用户管理的特定文件以及如何管理帐户。在本章结束时，您将知道如何处理权限以及如何更改它们，并且您将了解特殊权限和属性。

Chapter 5, Working with Processes, Daemons, and Signals, explores processes, signals, and services in Linux. You will learn how to manage them, how to use them, and what the differences are between them.
第 5 章《处理进程、守护进程和信号》，探讨了 Linux 中的进程、信号和服务。您将学习如何管理它们，如何使用它们以及它们之间的区别是什么。

Chapter 6, Working with Disks and Filesystems, teaches you how to manage disks and filesystems, understand storage in Linux, use Logical Volume Management (LVM) systems, and how to mount and partition.
第 6 章《磁盘和文件系统操作》教会您如何管理磁盘和文件系统，了解 Linux 中的存储，使用逻辑卷管理（LVM）系统，以及如何挂载和分区。

Chapter 7, Networking with Linux, discusses how networking works in Linux, including the key concepts and how to configure your network from the command line and GUI.
第 7 章《Linux 网络》，讨论了 Linux 中的网络工作原理，包括关键概念以及如何通过命令行和图形界面配置网络。

Chapter 8, Linux Shell Scripting, shows you how to create and use Bash shell scripts for task automation in Linux. This will prove an invaluable asset for any system administrator.
第 8 章《Linux Shell 脚本编程》向您展示如何在 Linux 中创建和使用 Bash shell 脚本来实现任务自动化。这对于任何系统管理员来说都将是一项宝贵的资产。

Chapter 9, Securing Linux, delves into advanced topics of Linux security. You will learn how to work with SELinux and AppArmor.
第 9 章《保护 Linux》，深入探讨 Linux 安全的高级主题。您将学习如何使用 SELinux 和 AppArmor。

Chapter 10, Disaster Recovery, Diagnostics, and Troubleshooting, shows you how to do a system backup and restore in a disaster recovery scenario. Also, you will learn how to diagnose and troubleshoot a common array of problems.
第 10 章《灾难恢复、诊断和故障排除》向您展示了如何在灾难恢复场景中进行系统备份和恢复。此外，您还将学习如何诊断和排除常见的一系列问题。

Chapter 11, Working with Virtual Machines, describes how to set up and work with KVM virtual machines on Linux.
第 11 章《使用虚拟机》，描述了如何在 Linux 上设置和使用 KVM 虚拟机。

Chapter 12, Managing Containers with Docker, introduces containers and discusses how to use Docker-specific tools to deploy your applications.
第 12 章《使用 Docker 管理容器》介绍了容器，并讨论了如何使用 Docker 特定工具部署您的应用程序。

Chapter 13, Configuring Linux Servers, shows you how to configure different types of Linux servers, from Domain Name System (DNS), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), Secure Shell (SSH), Samba file-sharing servers, and Network File System (NFS). This is one of the core foundations for any good Linux system administrator.
第 13 章《配置 Linux 服务器》向您展示如何配置不同类型的 Linux 服务器，包括域名系统（DNS）、动态主机配置协议（DHCP）、安全外壳（SSH）、Samba 文件共享服务器和网络文件系统（NFS）。这是任何优秀 Linux 系统管理员的核心基础之一。

Chapter 14, Short Introduction to Computing, covers the basics of cloud computing. You will be presented with core technologies such as infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), platform-as-a-service (PaaS), containers-as-a-service (CaaS), DevOps, and cloud management tools.
第 14 章《计算简介》介绍了云计算的基础知识。您将了解基本技术，如基础设施即服务（IaaS）、平台即服务（PaaS）、容器即服务（CaaS）、DevOps 和云管理工具。

Chapter 15, Deploying to the Cloud with AWS and Azure, explains how to deploy Linux to AWS and Azure.
第 15 章《使用 AWS 和 Azure 部署到云端》解释了如何将 Linux 部署到 AWS 和 Azure。

Chapter 16, Deploying Applications with Kubernetes, teaches you how to use Kubernetes to monitor and secure your deployments and how to manage your containers and networks. You will learn what Kubernetes is and how to use its diverse community approaches.
第 16 章《使用 Kubernetes 部署应用程序》教会您如何使用 Kubernetes 监视和保护部署，以及如何管理容器和网络。您将了解 Kubernetes 是什么，以及如何使用其多样化的社区方法。

Chapter 17, Infrastructure and Automation with Ansible, introduces Ansible, including how to configure it, and how to manage playbooks, modules, and servers. At the end of this chapter, you will be a master of automation.
第 17 章《基础设施和 Ansible 自动化》介绍了 Ansible，包括如何配置它，以及如何管理 playbooks、模块和服务器。在本章末尾，您将成为自动化的大师。

You will need Ubuntu Linux LTS or Debian Linux to perform the examples in this book. No prior knowledge of Linux is necessary.
您需要 Ubuntu Linux LTS 或 Debian Linux 才能执行本书中的示例。不需要任何 Linux 的先前知识。

If you are using the digital version of this book, we advise you to type the code yourself or access the code from the book’s GitHub repository (a link is available in the next section). Doing so will help you avoid any potential errors related to the copying and pasting of code.
如果您正在使用本书的数字版本，我们建议您自己输入代码或从书的 GitHub 存储库中访问代码（链接在下一部分中可用）。这样做将有助于避免与复制和粘贴代码相关的任何潜在错误。

You can download the example code files for this book from GitHub at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Mastering-Linux-Administration-Second-Edition. If there’s an update to the code, it will be updated in the GitHub repository.
您可以从 GitHub 上的 https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Mastering-Linux-Administration-Second-Edition 下载本书的示例代码文件。如果代码有更新，将在 GitHub 存储库中进行更新。

We also have other code bundles from our rich catalog of books and videos available at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/. Check them out!
我们还有其他代码包，来自我们丰富的图书和视频目录，可在 https://github.com/PacktPublishing/ 上找到。快来看看吧！

There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.
本书中使用了许多文本约定。

Code in text: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: “To check the contents of a binary deb package, you can use the ar command.”
Code in text ：表示文本中的代码词、数据库表名、文件夹名、文件名、文件扩展名、路径名、虚拟 URL、用户输入和 Twitter 句柄。这里有一个例子：“要检查二进制 deb 包的内容，您可以使用 ar 命令。”

A block of code is set as follows:
一块代码设置如下：

spec: 
     replicas: 1 
CopyExplain

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:
任何命令行输入或输出均按以下方式编写：

$ sudo zypper search nmap
CopyExplain

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block or command, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:
当我们希望引起您对代码块或命令的特定部分的注意时，相关行或项目将以粗体显示：

uid=1004(alex2) gid=1100(admin) groups=1100(admin),1200(developers),1300(devops),1400(managers)
CopyExplain

Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see onscreen. For instance, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in bold. Here is an example: “Navigate to Virtual Machines, select your instance, and click Size under Availability + Scale.”
粗体：表示一个新术语、一个重要词或者您在屏幕上看到的词语。例如，菜单或对话框中的词语会以粗体显示。这里有一个例子：“导航到虚拟机，选择您的实例，然后在可用性 + 缩放下点击大小。”

Tips or important notes
提示或重要说明

Appear like this. 像这样出现。

Feedback from our readers is always welcome.
我们的读者反馈总是受欢迎的。

General feedback: If you have questions about any aspect of this book, email us at customercare@packtpub.com and mention the book title in the subject of your message.
一般反馈：如果您对本书的任何方面有疑问，请发送电子邮件至 customercare@packtpub.com，并在邮件主题中提及书名。

Errata: Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content, mistakes do happen. If you have found a mistake in this book, we would be grateful if you would report this to us. Please visit www.packtpub.com/support/errata and fill in the form.
勘误：尽管我们已经尽最大努力确保内容的准确性，但错误还是会发生。如果您在本书中发现错误，我们将不胜感激您向我们报告。请访问 www.packtpub.com/support/errata 并填写表格。

Piracy: If you come across any illegal copies of our works in any form on the internet, we would be grateful if you would provide us with the location address or website name. Please contact us at copyright@packt.com with a link to the material.
盗版：如果您在互联网上以任何形式发现我们作品的任何非法副本，我们将不胜感激，如果您能向我们提供位置地址或网站名称。请通过 copyright@packt.com 与我们联系，并附上材料链接。

If you are interested in becoming an author: If there is a topic that you have expertise in and you are interested in either writing or contributing to a book, please visit authors.packtpub.com.
如果您有兴趣成为一名作者：如果您在某个专业领域有专长，并且有兴趣撰写或为一本书作出贡献，请访问 authors.packtpub.com。

Once you’ve read Mastering Linux Administration, we’d love to hear your thoughts! Please click here to go straight to the Amazon review page for this book and share your feedback.
一旦您阅读了《精通 Linux 管理》，我们很想听听您的想法！请点击这里直接转到亚马逊的书评页面，分享您的反馈。

Your review is important to us and the tech community and will help us make sure we’re delivering excellent quality content.
您的评论对我们和技术社区都很重要，将帮助我们确保我们提供的内容质量卓越。

Thanks for purchasing this book!
感谢购买这本书！

Do you like to read on the go but are unable to carry your print books everywhere?
你喜欢在路上阅读，但无法随身携带印刷书籍吗？

Is your eBook purchase not compatible with the device of your choice?
您购买的电子书与您选择的设备不兼容吗？

Don’t worry, now with every Packt book you get a DRM-free PDF version of that book at no cost.
不用担心，现在每本 Packt 书籍都附带免费的无 DRM PDF 版本。

Read anywhere, any place, on any device. Search, copy, and paste code from your favorite technical books directly into your application.
随时随地，在任何地方，使用任何设备阅读。直接从您喜爱的技术书籍中搜索、复制和粘贴代码到您的应用程序中。

The perks don’t stop there, you can get exclusive access to discounts, newsletters, and great free content in your inbox daily
这还不止，您还可以获得独家折扣、时事通讯和每天在您的收件箱中获取优质免费内容

Follow these simple steps to get the benefits:
遵循这些简单步骤来获得好处：

1. Scan the QR code or visit the link below
   扫描二维码或访问下方链接

https://packt.link/free-ebook/9781837630691

2. Submit your proof of purchase
   提交您的购买凭证
3. That’s it! We’ll send your free PDF and other benefits to your email directly
   就这样！我们将免费的 PDF 和其他福利直接发送到您的电子邮件中