UNIT 13
第13单元
REFLECTIVE WRITING:
反思性写作：
The Self-Assessment Commentary (SAC)
自我评估评论 (SAC)
Reflection is something we do nearly every day. We make plans and take action, and then think about whether we were successful or not and consider how we might do better next time. Reflection may also have an emotional component to it, such as when we feel regret or satisfaction.
反思是我们几乎每天都会做的事情。我们制定计划并采取行动，然后思考我们是否成功，并考虑下次如何做得更好。反思也可能有情感成分，例如当我们感到遗憾或满足时。
How did your learning happen in GE1401?
您在 GE1401 中的学习进展如何？
Throughout this semester, you were tasked with creating an infographic and writing an argumentative essay. In order to develop the necessary skills for completing these assignments, consider how your learning occurred, both inside and outside the classroom? What did you do to acquire and develop the skills and knowledge you needed?
在整个学期中，您的任务是创建信息图表并撰写议论文。为了培养完成这些作业所需的技能，请考虑一下您的学习是如何在课堂内外进行的？您做了什么来获得和发展您所需的技能和知识？
View the Adam Geller video.
观看亚当·盖勒视频。
A MODEL FOR REFLECTIVE WRITING (Gibbs, 1988)
反思性写作模型（Gibbs，1988）
DESCRIPTION
描述
What happened?
发生了什么？
ACTION PLAN FEELINGS
行动计划的感受
What would you do next time? What were you thinking & feeling?
下次你会做什么？你当时的想法和感受是什么？
GIBBS’
吉布斯
REFLECTIVE CYCLE
反射周期
CONCLUSION EVALUATION
结论评价
What else could you have done?
你还能做什么？ What was good and bad about the experience?
这次经历有什么好处和坏处？
ANALYSIS
分析
How else can you evaluate the situation?
您还能如何评估情况？
NOTE: You should not use Gibbs’ subheadings in your essay, but you might find it useful to follow his organizational pattern as you write your drafts
注意：您不应在论文中使用吉布斯副标题，但您可能会发现在撰写草稿时遵循他的组织模式很有用.
Reflective academic writing is
反思性学术写作是:
Almost always written in the first person
几乎总是以第一人称写
Evaluative—you are judging something (often yourself)
评估性——你正在评判某件事（通常是你自己）
Partly personal & partly based on criteria
部分是个人的，部分是基于标准
Analytical—you usually categorize actions and events
分析型——您通常对行为和事件进行分类
Formal—writing in the first person will make it slightly less formal, but it is still written for an academic audience.
正式——以第一人称写作会稍微不那么正式，但它仍然是为学术读者而写的。
Language patterns for academic reflective writing:
学术反思性写作的语言模式：
Language for Exploring Outcomes:
探索结果的语言：
Explaining what the results of your actions were requires careful language choices to clearly describe what you did or did not achieve.
解释您的行为的结果需要仔细选择语言，以清楚地描述您所做或未实现的目标。
Expressing uncertainty:
表达不确定性：
It is too soon to tell …
现在说还为时过早……
It is unclear …
目前还不清楚……
Describing results:
描述结果：
I gained xxx skills …
我获得了 xxx 技能……
I developed …
我开发了……
I learned that …
我了解到……
I found that ….
我发现……
Describing how you reached your outcomes:
描述您如何取得成果：
I analysed ….
我分析了……
I applied …
我申请了……
I experienced …
我经历过……
Projecting for the future:
未来规划：
Next time I will …
下次我会…
If I complete a similar task in the future I will …
如果我将来完成类似的任务，我会……
I will need to develop …
我需要发展……
Language for Analysis:
分析语言：
It important to show that you have analysed your learning and outcomes by breaking them down into appropriate categories, for example, vocabulary and paraphrasing.
重要的是要表明您已经通过将学习和成果分解为适当的类别（例如词汇和释义）来分析它们。
Signposts for identifying categories:
识别类别的路标：
An aspect of …
一方面……
An element of …
一个元素……
An example of …
一个例子……
Signposts for chronology:
年表的路标：
First, …
第一的， …
Subsequently, …
随后…
Later, …
之后， …
Signposts for your perspective:
您的观点的路标：
I thought …
我以为……
I learned …
我学会了 …
I felt …
我感觉……
Language for Evaluation
评估语言:
All the things you did or tried are not of equal importance; you must clearly identify the most significant outcomes for your reader.
你所做或尝试过的所有事情并不同等重要；您必须清楚地确定对读者来说最重要的结果。
Language to show significance:
表达意义的语言：
Most importantly …
最重要的是……
Significantly …
显著地 …
The principal lesson was …
主要的教训是……
Language to evaluate your viewpoint:
评价你的观点的语言：
I learned that …
我了解到……
I have developed significantly …
我已经有了显着的发展……
Next time, I would definitely …
下次，我一定会……
(adapted from: Reflective writing - Academic writing: a practical guide - Subject Guides at University of York)
（改编自：反思性写作 - 学术写作：实用指南 - 约克大学学科指南）
The Self-Assessment Commentary (10%) is based on the needs analysis questionnaire you completed in Unit 2. The reflective commentary should be 700-750 words long, not including references, which should only be included if you cite sources in your text. You should address the five questions listed below. Your reflection will be assessed based on the extent to which it presents evidence of reflection, supported by specific details, in clear, appropriate English. The use of AI tools is prohibited.
自我评估评论(10%)基于您在第 2 单元中完成的需求分析调查问卷。反思性评论应为700-750字长，不包括参考文献，只有当您在文本中引用来源时才应包含参考文献。您应该回答下面列出的五个问题。我们将根据您的反思提供的证据程度来评估您的反思，并以清晰、适当的英语提供具体细节的支持。禁止使用人工智能工具。
1.To what extent has your learning this semester addressed the areas identified in the Needs Analysis?
1.您本学期的学习在多大程度上解决了需求分析中确定的领域？
2.To what extent have you achieved the objectives you identified as part of the Needs Analysis?
2.您在多大程度上实现了需求分析中确定的目标？
3.What factors have made the greatest contribution this semester to your development as a writer?
3.本学期哪些因素对您作为作家的发展贡献最大？
4.What are your goals for future development as an academic writer?
4.作为一名学术作家，您未来的发展目标是什么？
5.How will you achieve those goals?
5.你将如何实现这些目标？
Review the Rubric
查看评分细则
Note the criteria that will be used to evaluate your writing.
请注意将用于评估您的写作的标准。
DUE DATE: Friday, Dec. 6, 2024 @ 2359 hrs.
截止日期：2024 年 12 月 6 日星期五 2359 点
Begin by turning the questions into statements.
首先将问题转化为陈述。
To what extent has your learning this semester addressed the areas identified in the Needs Analysis?
您本学期的学习在多大程度上解决了需求分析中确定的领域？
Becomes:
变成：
My learning this semester has addressed the areas identified in the Needs Analysis to a _______________ extent
我本学期的学习在 _______________ 程度上解决了需求分析中确定的领域.
To what extent have you achieved the objectives you identified as part of the Needs Analysis?
您在多大程度上实现了需求分析中确定的目标？
Becomes:
变成：
I achieved all/some/few/none of the objectives identified in the Needs Analysis
我实现了需求分析中确定的全部/部分/很少/没有目标.
What factors have made the greatest contribution this semester to your development as a writer?
本学期哪些因素对您作为作家的发展做出了最大的贡献？
Becomes:
变成：
The factors that made the greatest contribution to my development as a writer were …
对我作为作家的发展做出最大贡献的因素是……
What are your goals for future development as an academic writer?
作为一名学术作家，您未来的发展目标是什么？
Becomes:
变成：
My goals for future development as an academic writer are …
作为一名学术作家，我未来的发展目标是……
How will you achieve those goals?
您将如何实现这些目标？
Becomes:
变成：
I will achieve those goals by …
我将通过……实现这些目标
NEXT
下一个
Review your responses in the Needs Analysis, particularly the last 2 questions.
检查您在需求分析中的回答，特别是最后 2 个问题。
Make notes to address the topics for each of your 5 paragraphs
做笔记以解决5 段中每段的主题
Use the Gibbs Reflective cycle to help develop your answers
使用吉布斯反思循环来帮助您找到答案
Evaluation & Analysis are most important
评估和分析最重要
Evaluation – was the experience good or bad?
评价——体验是好是坏？
Analysis – what caused the experience to be good or bad?
分析——是什么导致了体验的好坏？
Write a first draft today in class
今天在课堂上写初稿
Review and revise it tomorrow
明天回顾并修改
Upload to Canvas before 2359 hrs, Friday, December 6 (tomorrow)
12 月 6 日星期五（明天）2359 点前上传至 Canvas