Item No
貨號

Recommendation
推薦

Page No
頁碼

Title and abstract
標題和摘要

1

(a) Indicate the study’s design with a commonly used term in the title or the abstract
( a ) 在標題或摘要中以常用術語表明研究設計

(b) Provide in the abstract an informative and balanced summary of what was done and what was found
( b ) 在摘要中提供內容豐富且平衡的總結，說明已完成的工作和發現的內容

Introduction
介紹

Background/rationale
背景/理由

2

Explain the scientific background and rationale for the investigation being reported
解釋所報導的調查的科學背景和理由

Objectives
目標

3

State specific objectives, including any prespecified hypotheses
陳述具體目標，包括任何預先指定的假設

Methods
方法

Study design
研究設計

4

Present key elements of study design early in the paper
在論文的開頭部分介紹研究設計的關鍵要素

Setting
環境

5

Describe the setting, locations, and relevant dates, including periods of recruitment, exposure, follow-up, and data collection
描述環境、地點和相關日期，包括招募、暴露、追蹤和資料收集的時期

Participants
參加者

6

(a) Give the eligibility criteria, and the sources and methods of selection of participants. Describe methods of follow-up
( a ) 給予參與者的資格標準、選擇來源和方法。描述跟進方法

(b) For matched studies, give matching criteria and number of exposed and unexposed
( b )對於配對研究，給予配對標準以及暴露和未暴露的數量

Variables
變數

7

Clearly define all outcomes, exposures, predictors, potential confounders, and effect modifiers. Give diagnostic criteria, if applicable
明確定義所有結果、暴露、預測因子、潛在混雜因素和效應調節因素。給出診斷標準（如果適用）

Data sources/ measurement
資料來源/測量

8*
8 *

For each variable of interest, give sources of data and details of methods of assessment (measurement). Describe comparability of assessment methods if there is more than one group
對於每個感興趣的變量，給出數據來源和評估（測量）方法的詳細資訊。如果有多個組別，請描述評估方法的可比性

Bias
偏見

9

Describe any efforts to address potential sources of bias
描述為解決潛在偏見來源所做的任何努力

Study size
研究規模

10

Explain how the study size was arrived at
解釋研究規模是如何得出的

Quantitative variables
定量變數

11

Explain how quantitative variables were handled in the analyses. If applicable, describe which groupings were chosen and why
解釋分析中如何處理定量變數。如果適用，請描述選擇了哪些分組以及原因

Statistical methods
統計方法

12

(a) Describe all statistical methods, including those used to control for confounding
( a ) 描述所有統計方法，包括用於控制混雜的方法

(b) Describe any methods used to examine subgroups and interactions
( b ) 描述用於檢查子組和交互作用的任何方法

(c) Explain how missing data were addressed
( c ) 解釋如何解決缺失資料

(d) If applicable, explain how loss to follow-up was addressed
( d ) 如適用，請說明如何解決失訪問題

(e) Describe any sensitivity analyses
( e ) 描述任何敏感度分析

Results
結果

Participants
參加者

13*
13 *

(a) Report numbers of individuals at each stage of study—eg numbers potentially eligible, examined for eligibility, confirmed eligible, included in the study, completing follow-up, and analysed
(a) 報告每個研究階段的個人數量，例如可能符合資格、審查資格、確認符合資格、納入研究、完成追蹤和分析的人數

(b) Give reasons for non-participation at each stage
(b) 舉出每個階段不參與的原因

(c) Consider use of a flow diagram
(c) 考慮使用流程圖

Descriptive data
描述性數據

14*
14 *

(a) Give characteristics of study participants (eg demographic, clinical, social) and information on exposures and potential confounders
(a) 提供研究參與者的特徵（例如人口統計、臨床、社會）以及有關暴露和潛在混雜因素的信息

(b) Indicate number of participants with missing data for each variable of interest
(b) 指出每個感興趣變數缺少資料的參與者數量

(c) Summarise follow-up time (eg, average and total amount)
(c) 總結跟進時間（例如平均和總金額）

Outcome data
結果數據

15*
15 *

Report numbers of outcome events or summary measures over time
報告隨時間變化的結果事件數或總結測量值

Main results
主要結果

16

(a) Give unadjusted estimates and, if applicable, confounder-adjusted estimates and their precision (eg, 95% confidence interval). Make clear which confounders were adjusted for and why they were included
( a )給出未經調整的估計值，如果適用，給出混雜因素調整的估計值及其精確度（例如，95% 信賴區間）。明確調整了哪些混雜因素以及為何將其納入其中

(b) Report category boundaries when continuous variables were categorized
( b )連續變數分類時報告類別邊界

(c) If relevant, consider translating estimates of relative risk into absolute risk for a meaningful time period
( c )如果相關，考慮將相對風險的估計轉化為有意義的時間段內的絕對風險

Other analyses
其他分析

17

Report other analyses done—eg analyses of subgroups and interactions, and sensitivity analyses
報告完成的其他分析，例如亞組和交互作用的分析以及敏感性分析

Discussion
討論

Key results
主要成果

18

Summarise key results with reference to study objectives
參考研究目標總結主要結果

Limitations
限制

19

Discuss limitations of the study, taking into account sources of potential bias or imprecision. Discuss both direction and magnitude of any potential bias
討論研究的局限性，考慮潛在偏差或不精確的來源。討論任何潛在偏差的方向和幅度

Interpretation
解釋

20

Give a cautious overall interpretation of results considering objectives, limitations, multiplicity of analyses, results from similar studies, and other relevant evidence
考慮目標、限制、分析的多重性、類似研究的結果和其他相關證據，對結果給予謹慎的整體解釋

Generalisability
普遍性

21

Discuss the generalisability (external validity) of the study results
討論研究結果的普遍性（外在效度）

Other information
其他資訊

Funding
資金

22

Give the source of funding and the role of the funders for the present study and, if applicable, for the original study on which the present article is based
給出本研究以及本文所依據的原始研究（如果適用）的資金來源和資助者的作用